Animal FarmAnimal FarmBy: George OrwellBy: George Orwell

The historical context of the novel.The historical context of the novel.

TermsTerms

Capitalist System:Capitalist System:– Free enterprise; if you Free enterprise; if you

work hard you can get work hard you can get ahead; start your own ahead; start your own business and get rich, business and get rich, or lose it all.or lose it all.

Socialist:Socialist:– a person who wants a person who wants

to change society and to change society and its’ rules.its’ rules.

More TermsMore Terms

Communist SystemCommunist System– Everyone works to Everyone works to

their ability and their ability and receives to their receives to their needs; total economic needs; total economic equality; no one gets equality; no one gets ahead-but no one ahead-but no one starves eitherstarves either..

Czarist GovernmentCzarist Government– A government ruled y A government ruled y

a Czar, who had a Czar, who had absolute powers- like a absolute powers- like a kingking

Even more…Even more…

IdealisticIdealistic– Overly optimistic Overly optimistic

thinking. Everything thinking. Everything will be GREAT!will be GREAT!

TotalitarianismTotalitarianism– A one-party-rules-A one-party-rules-

everything type of everything type of government.government.

The HistoryThe History

In the 1800’s In the 1800’s CapitalismCapitalism was strong was strong in Europe and in Europe and America.America.– There were no child There were no child

labor laws, labor labor laws, labor constrictions, or salary constrictions, or salary laws.laws.

– Work day was 14 to 18 Work day was 14 to 18 hours, and pay was hours, and pay was barely livable.barely livable.

The HistoryThe History

In 1847 a group called the In 1847 a group called the Communist Communist LeagueLeague asked a German philosopher asked a German philosopher named named Karl MarxKarl Marx to draw up a plan for to draw up a plan for their organization.their organization.– The Communist League hated the disparity The Communist League hated the disparity

between the classesbetween the classes..– Karl Marx produced a plan called Karl Marx produced a plan called The The

Manifesto of the Communist PartyManifesto of the Communist Party

The The ManifestoManifesto

Marx’s Vision:Marx’s Vision:– Workers revolt in Workers revolt in

hopes for freedom.hopes for freedom.– Everyone works Everyone works

according to ability and according to ability and you are paid according you are paid according to your need.to your need.

– Create worldwide Create worldwide economic equality.economic equality.

After MarxAfter Marx

The two communist groups:The two communist groups:Group One: Group One: Socialist- wanted to bring about Socialist- wanted to bring about communism slowly by passing laws and spreading communism slowly by passing laws and spreading their message.their message.

Group Two: Group Two: The Bolshevik Party- stuck to the idea The Bolshevik Party- stuck to the idea of a major worker revolt. A small extremist party of a major worker revolt. A small extremist party led by Nikolai Lenin.led by Nikolai Lenin.

Russia’s CzarRussia’s Czar

Czar Nicholas IICzar Nicholas II– The ruler of RussiaThe ruler of Russia– Poorly managedPoorly managed– Russian people were underpaid.Russian people were underpaid.– Most citizens worked for a small number of Most citizens worked for a small number of

wealthy landowners.wealthy landowners.– Overthrown in 1917 by the Bolshevik PartyOverthrown in 1917 by the Bolshevik Party

Bolshevik’sBolshevik’s

Lenin died in 1926.Lenin died in 1926.

Two other leaders Two other leaders stepped up:stepped up:– Leon TrotskyLeon Trotsky

Believed in terrorismBelieved in terrorism

– Joseph StalinJoseph StalinRuthless leaderRuthless leader

Stalin takes RussiaStalin takes Russia

Stalin won a power struggle and Trotsky Stalin won a power struggle and Trotsky fled to Mexico.fled to Mexico.– Trotsky was later assassinated.Trotsky was later assassinated.

Stalin was MEAN!Stalin was MEAN!– Stalin deported everyone that disagreed with Stalin deported everyone that disagreed with

him to Siberia.him to Siberia.– He had secret police used random arrest, He had secret police used random arrest,

torture, and mass executions to keep his rule.torture, and mass executions to keep his rule.They also prevented uprising from the people. They also prevented uprising from the people. Anyone could be killed at any time, for any reason.Anyone could be killed at any time, for any reason.

Stalin’s RussiaStalin’s Russia

Things were worse than under the Czar.Things were worse than under the Czar.

Marx’s idea of a paradise of equality was Marx’s idea of a paradise of equality was gone.gone.

There was NO freedom. Military ruled There was NO freedom. Military ruled everything.everything.

People were FORCED to work. Few grew People were FORCED to work. Few grew wealthy. Most lives were worse.wealthy. Most lives were worse.

This became a Totalitarian government.This became a Totalitarian government.

Characters Representing LifeCharacters Representing Life

Mankind = The Mankind = The Wealthy RulersWealthy Rulers

The Pigs = The Pigs = CommunistCommunist

The Horses = the The Horses = the working classworking class

The Dogs = Stalin’s The Dogs = Stalin’s army. army.

Birds = Clergy, Farm Birds = Clergy, Farm owners, and non-owners, and non-workersworkers