animal feed science and technology volume 63 issue 1-4 1996 [doi...

8/13/2019 Animal Feed Science and Technology Volume 63 Issue 1-4 1996 [Doi 10.1016%2Fs0377-8401%2896%2901011-5] S. Giger-Reverdin; N. Bezault; D. Sauv

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NIM L FEEDSC IENC E ND

TECHNO LOG Y

ELSEXIER Animal Feed Science Technology 63 (19 96) 149- 162

Effects of a probiotic yeast in lactating ruminants:interaction with dietary nitrogen level

S. Giger-Reverdin a* N. Bezault a, D. Sauvant a, G. Bertin b

a Laborat oire de Nut ri t ion et Al imentati on (INR A) de l IN A-PG , 16 rue Claude Bernard, 7.5231 Paris Cedex05, Fran ceb SAN TEL Sante nimale Di rect io n R D, 85 rue Anat ol e France, 92300 Leuall ois-P err et , France

Accepted5 M arch 1996

Abstract

This study was designed to test the effects of a probiotic yeast(Saccharom yces cereui sia eI -1077) at two levels of nitrogen intake in early lactation, expressedas PDI (Protein truly

Digestible in the small Intestine) at normal levels of 108gPD Ikg- DM (dry matter) vs. lowlevels of 78 g P I kg- DM , on dry matter intake, milk production and composition and on bloodparam eters. Twenty-eight dairy goats received a comp lete diet including alfalfa hay (25% of drymatter), press ed sugar beet pulp silage (50% ) and a compoun d feed (25%). S upplying yeastdecreas ed energy and nitrogen balances during the first 6 week s after parturition. Yeas t seemed tofacilitate increased m obilization of body reserves and to increase milk fatty acid production. Thus,fat-corrected milk yield increased during the period when animals are very susceptible tonutritional stress.

Keyw ords: Probiotic yeast; Dairy ruminants; Metabolism; Milk yield

1. Introduction

The ability of probiotic yeasts to increase dry matter (DM) intake, modify rumenstoichiometry, and increase m ilk yield and milk protein content in lactating rum inantshas been established for early lactating ruminants (Giinther, 1989; Harris and Webb,1990; Williams et al., 1991). However, not all studies have found these effects (Arambeland Kent, 1990; Wohlt et al., 1991). Nevertheless, researchers agree that yeast limits thedecrease in pH when large quantities of easily fermentable carbohydrates are ingested,

Corresponding author.

0377-8401/96/ 1_5.00Copyright 0 1996Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PI I SO377-8401(96)01011-5


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150 S. Giger-Reverdin et al./Animal Feed Science Technology 63 1996) 149-162

and seems to stimulate microbial activity, especially that of the cellulolytic microflora(Arambel and Kent, 1990; Williams and Newbold, 1990; Williams et al., 1991).

The a im of this study w as to clarify the effects of a probiotic yeast (Succharomycescereuisiae I- 1077) whose positive influence on ruminal production of volatile fatty acids

has already been shown (Jouany et al., 1991) in ruminants at the onset of lactation, whenanimals are affected by negative nutritive balances, and are thus more susceptible tobenefit from the use of such products (Chase, 1989). This study used two nitrogen (N)levels to test potential interactions (yeastX N supply), and especially to investigate thepossible beneficial effects of yeast with nitrogen-deficient diets. In addition to thedifferent effects of yeast on fundam ental zootechnical parameters (e.g. intake, milkyield), nutritional balances, blood parameters and fatty acids secretion in milk weremeasured in the same animals.

2. Materials and methods

2.1. Experi mental design and t reatm ent s

The study w as conducted on 28 dairy goats in the experimental herd of the Nutritionand Feeding Station (INRA) of the Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon.Alpine or Saanen goats were assigned to seven blocks of four animals each as a functionof parity (two blocks for the first lactation), prior milk production for multiparous goatsand estimated production for primiparous, type of aS1 casein, and liveweight.

Animals within each block were randomized among the following four groups: CLw-control, low nitrogen: CNl-control, normal nitrogen; YLw -yeast, low nitrogen;YN I-yeast, normal nitrogen. The four groups made up a 2X 2 factorial design, withinwhich each of the three effects (yeast, nitrogen, parity) w ere tested in 14 pairs.

2.2. Diets

All goats were fed on alfalfa hay (25% of DM), pressed sugar beet pulp silage (50%)and a compound feed (25%), in which the composition was varied according to the

Table 1Composition of compound feeds

glcg- Diet

Low in nitrogen (Lw) Normal in nitrogen (NI)

Barley 370 18.5

Maize grain 370 92

Oats 185 185

Soyabean meal 0 463

Sodium bicarbonate 45 45

Mineral and vitamin premix a 30 30

Premix contained P 20.0 . Ca O.O , Mg 5.0 , S 2.0 , Cu ISOOppm, Fe 3000ppm, Zn 7500ppm. Mn

4500ppm, Vitamin A 45OoOOIU, Vitamin D, 15OOOOIU, Vitamin E 3001U.


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animal feed science and technology volume 63 issue 1-4 1996 [doi...

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