Anna Brooks, MPH Student Walden University PUBH Instructor: Dr. Rebecca Heick Spring Quarter, 2010 Orphanage: Casa del Aquila Cusco High altitude Temperate climate Environmental focus Protect water supply Minimize methane release (Cusco, Peru, 2010) Traditional Method of Disposal Large Lagoons natural, unassisted degradation system of staged pools eventual recycling as fertilizer sludge (Conti,, 2009) Release of methane gas into atmosphere Site for pathogens to reproduce Leaching nitrates and phosphorous into water supply Stench (Animal Waste Methane Energy Recovery, 2009) (NORTH CAROLINA HOG Farm Agrees to Comply With Emergency Administrative Order Issued by the EPA, 2000) (Kase, Julie A.; Correa, Maria T.; Sobsey, Mark D.;, 2009), (MRSA found in pigs in the USA. Irish Veterinary Journal, 62(4), 231, 2009) Biogas Capture Method Engineered, covered lagoons (Ferrer, I., Gamiz, M., Almeida, M., & Ruiz, A., 2009) (Animal Waste Methane Energy Recovery, 2009) Complete Mix Digesters Heated, covered lagoons (Animal Waste Methane Energy Recovery, 2009) Constructed wetland Filtering system of dense plant roots and gravel (Chen, S., Kao, C., Jou, C., Fu, Y., & Chang, Y., 2008) Covered lagoon (CL) Heat/mix covered lagoon (HMCL) Constructed wetland (CW) Cost to install Waste recovery effectiveness Potential negative impact to water sources Reduction of pathogen risk CW, CL, HMCL HMCL, CL, CW Bypass traditional lagoon methods and install the best alternative system funds will allow. Shown in order of effectiveness and risk minimization: 1) Heat/mix covered lagoon 2) Covered lagoon 3) Constructed wetland Animal Waste Methane Energy Recovery. (2009, December 11). Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Environmental Protection Agency: Chen, S., Kao, C., Jou, C., Fu, Y., & Chang, Y. (2008, April). Use of a Constructed Wetland for Post-Treatment of Swine Wastewater. Environmental Engineering Science, 25(3), doi: /ees Retrieved April 25, 2010, from Academic Search Premier:999e5fcd5293%40sessionmgr111 Conti, J. (2009, June 20). Transmitted from pigs [bioenergy conversion].Engineering & Technology ( ), 4(11), doi: /et Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Academic Search Complete:cc57d1689bc8%40sessionmgr104 Cusco, Peru. (2010). Retrieved April 24, 2010, from Info Peru.com: Ferrer, I., Gamiz, M., Almeida, M., & Ruiz, A. (2009). Pilot project of biogas production from pig manure and urine mixture at ambient temperature in Ventanilla (Lima, Peru). Waste Management, 29(1), doi: /j.wasman Retrieved April 25, 2010, from Academic Search Premier:999e5fcd5293%40sessionmgr111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=a9h&AN= Gray, Gregory C.; McCarthy, Troy; Capuano, Ana W.; Setterquist, Sharon F.; Olsen, Christopher W.; Alavanja, Michael C.; Lynch, Charles F.;. (2007, December). Swine Workers and Swine Influenza Virus Infections. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(12), Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Academic Search Complete:e5a2-4fd4-85ca-88dbec2a4623%40sessionmgr111 Kase, Julie A.; Correa, Maria T.; Sobsey, Mark D.;. (2009, June). Detection and molecular characterization of swine hepatitis E virus in North Carolina swine herds and their faecal wastes Journal of Water & Health, 7(2), doi: /wh Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Academic Search Complete:cc57d1689bc8%40sessionmgr104 Marc Ribaudo, Noel Gollehon, Marcel Aillery, Jonathan Kaplan, Robert Johansson, Jean. (2003, June). Manure Management forWater Quality: Costs to Animal Feeding Operations of Applying Manure. Retrieved April 20, 2010, from United States Department of Agriculture: MRSA found in pigs in the USA. Irish Veterinary Journal, 62(4), 231. (2009, April). Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Academic Search Complete:cc57d1689bc8%40sessionmgr104 NORTH CAROLINA HOG Farm Agrees to Comply With Emergency Administrative Order Issued by the EPA. (2000, July 21). Retrieved April 20, 2010, from Pistia stratiotes (aquatic plant). (2005, December 30). Retrieved April 25, 2010, from Global Invasive Species Database: