Glomerella cingulata (asexual stage: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)

Note: Pesticides may be available to control this pest. Please check with the Ministry of Agriculture in your country to find out which pesticides are registered in your country and the local restrictions for theiruse.

CREATED/UPDATED: October 2017PRODUCED BY: Plantwise

Anthracnose symptoms onmango fruit (Scot Nelson,University of Hawaii at Manoa)

Mango anthracnose leafsymptoms (Scot Nelson,University of Hawaii at Manoa)

Anthracnose symptoms onmango panicle (WayneNishijima, University of Hawaiiat Manoa)

The disease is produced on dead branches andleaves, and is spread by waterFrom nurseries, select tolerant varieties and disease-free young plantsAvoid planting host fruit trees nearby (ex: citrus,banana, papaya, avocado, coffee and cashew) andavoid areas where rainfall is more than 40 cm peryear.Plant trees with sufficient spacing, with 6-8 mbetween rows and 2.5-3.5 m between trees,depending on the cultivar and environmentalconditions.To increase air circulation within fields and keepanthracnose under control, prune lower branches atleast once a year. Prune during dry weather whenanthracnose is less likely to infect wounds. Keeptrees less than 4 m tall so they can be easilymanaged.Before flowering, cut-out all dead or necrotised parts(branches, leaves, twigs)At the beginning of fruit set, regularly pick up all plantmaterial (leaves, branches, fruits) from the groundand destroy by burying or burningAt harvest, carefully handle mangos and do not allowthem to touch the groundRemove and burn any fallen plant debris on theground. Otherwise anthracnose can develop andsurvive on this.

Mark 10 trees per hectare and observe them weekly fromflowering to harvest. Observe the flowers, fruits, leaves andbranches for symptoms:

Stem, leaves, flowers: look for small black spots; or blacksunken spots. They first appear on the leaves and graduallyget bigger. They may develop a pinkish-orange coveringwhen conditions are wetLeaves: Spots create holes in leaves, causing parts of a leafto die offRipe fruit (symptoms cannot be seen on green fruit, even ifinfected): sunken, dark to black decay spots. Rotting.Premature fruit drop. Possible tear stains - linear necroticlesions with cracking of the skin

Monitor more frequently during flowering (very susceptiblestage) and rainy seasonThe symptoms can look similar to those caused by BacterialBlack Spot (BBS) and diseases caused by Stigmina. BBS -there is a yellowish halo around the black spots. Anthracnose- no halo. Stigmina - small spots, about 6 mm wide,surrounded by light greenish halo. Anthracnose - bigger spots,no halo.Consider taking action as soon as symptoms appear onleaves. Damage only on the leaves does not directly affect thefruit but anthracnose will gradually spread to the fruitFoggy weather, high temp (25°C), high humidity, rainyconditions all favour the disease

Spray with neem products duringevenings immediately after thepreparation is prepared. Consult thelabel for dilution and application ratesRemove rotten fruits from the tree anddestroy by burying away from the mangotrees, at a depth of at least 50 cmPrune only plant parts that show severesymptoms of infection as wounds areentry points for the diseasePost-harvest hot water treatment:

Dip newly harvested fruits in a tank ofhot water at 50-55 °C for 5-10 minutes(depending on the variety)The water should have a uniformtemperature within the tankThen, to cool the fruits down, soakthem in tap water for 2 hours or placethem in a well-ventilated roomHandle fruits with extreme care toavoid damaging the fruits

Post-harvest refrigeration treatment:Keep mangos at 10 °C, but do not chillfruits before they are ripe as this maycause chilling injury

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Anthracnose on Mango

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