anti-lock brake system (abs) and stability control - anti

7/19/2021 2010 Ford FUSION • MotoLogic

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Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control - Anti-Lock Control - Non-Hybrid -Diagnosis and Testing

206-09 Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and Stability Control 2010 Fusion, Milan, MKZ, Fusion Hybrid, Milan Hybrid

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING Procedure revision date: 11/03/2011

Anti-Lock Control — Non-Hybrid

Special Tool(s)

Flex Probe Kit 105-R025D or equivalent

Fluke 77-IV Digital Multimeter FLU77-4 or equivalent

Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester 105-R0110 or equivalent

Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) and Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) software with appropriatehardware, or equivalent scan tool

Principles of Operations

Anti-Lock Braking

The ABS module continuously monitors and compares the rotational speed of each wheel. This is accomplished throughthe use of 4 active wheel speed sensors, 1 for each wheel. The wheel speed sensors are connected to the ABS moduleby 2 circuits. One circuit provides voltage for sensor operation and the other circuit provides sensor input to the ABSmodule. As the wheels spin, the wheel speed sensor tone rings pass through the magnetic field generated by the activewheel speed sensor. This creates a square-wave signal that is sent to the ABS module to indicate individual wheelspeed.

The ABS module uses a Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) to prevent the wheels from locking up during a braking event. TheHCU contains several solenoid-controlled valves, a pump motor, an accumulator and several sensors. The fluid flowsthrough 4 normally open inlet valves inside the HCU , and through the outlet ports of the HCU to the brake calipers. If theABS module senses that a wheel is about to lock up, based on wheel speed sensor data, the module will close thenormally open inlet valve for that wheel. This prevents more fluid from getting to the brake caliper. The ABS module then

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reads the wheel speed sensor signal from the affected wheel again. If the wheel is still decelerating (locking up), themodule opens the normally closed outlet valve. This allows a controlled amount of hydraulic pressure in the brake caliperto be relieved into the HCU accumulator. The ABS pump motor runs during an ABS braking event so that sufficient brakefluid pressure is consistently available to the HCU valves. This procedure of closing and opening valves is repeatedseveral times per second until the speed of the affected wheel matches the speeds of the other wheels. Once this hasbeen accomplished, the ABS module returns the solenoid valves to their normal position.

The ABS module is self-monitoring. When the ignition switch is turned to the RUN position, the ABS module will carry outa preliminary electrical check of the wheel speed sensor circuitry by sending voltage through the sensor and checking forthe voltage to return. At speeds above 15 km/h (9 mph), without the brake pedal being pressed, the pump motor will becommanded ON for approximately one-half second to check pump motor operation. Also, during all phases of operationwhile the vehicle is in motion, the ABS module checks for correct operation of the wheel speed sensors. In the event thatthe ABS module detects a concern, the module will set a DTC and send a message to the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC)over the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) bus to illuminate the yellow ABS warning indicator, thestability/traction control indicator (also known as the sliding-car icon) and/or the red brake warning indicator. If theconcern is severe enough, ABS may be disabled. Normal power-assisted braking, however, remains.

Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)

The ABS module incorporates a strategy called Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD) . The EBD strategy uses the HCU asan electronic proportioning valve. On initial application of the brake pedal, full pressure is applied to the rear brakes. TheABS module uses wheel speed input to calculate an estimated rate of deceleration. Once vehicle deceleration exceeds acertain threshold, the ABS module closes the appropriate solenoid valves in the HCU to hold the rear brake pressureconstant while allowing the front brake pressure to build. This creates a balanced braking condition between the front andrear wheels and minimizes the chance of rear wheel lockup during hard braking. As the vehicle decelerates, the valvesare opened to increase the rear brake pressure in proportion to the front brake pressure.

If there is a DTC in the ABS module specifically for the HCU or there are 2 or more wheel speed sensor DTCs, EBD willbe disabled. When EBD is disabled, the ABS warning indicator, the red brake warning indicator and the sliding-car iconwill be illuminated.

Optimized Hydraulic Braking (3.0L All-Wheel Drive (AWD) and 3.5L only)

When the vacuum sensor in the booster indicates vacuum is below a predetermined level, a DTC will be set in the ABSmodule. A low vacuum DTC will be set after a pre-determined time, depending on driving conditions. It could take as longas 10 minutes to set the DTC with vehicle speed above 2 km/h and greater than 30% throttle. If the brake pedal is appliedwith low vacuum in the booster, the ABS module will activate the pump motor in the HCU to assist with braking.

Refer to Section 206-07 for sensor removal and installation information.

AdvanceTrac® Stability Enhancement System

The AdvanceTrac® system provides the following stability enhancement features for certain driving situations:

Traction Control System — helps to avoid excessive drive-wheel spin and loss of traction.Electronic Stability Control (ESC) System — helps to avoid skids and lateral slides.

Traction Control System

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The traction control system uses the ABS and the PCM to limit wheel spin. When the ABS module detects a wheelspinning excessively, brake pressure to the appropriate brake caliper is modulated. This is accomplished by opening andclosing the appropriate solenoid valves inside the HCU while the hydraulic pump motor is activated. At the same time, theABS module sends a message over the HS-CAN bus that a traction control event is taking place. When the IPC receivesthis message, it will flash the sliding-car icon (twice per second). If the event is severe enough, the ABS module will alsosend a message to the PCM over the HS-CAN bus to assist with traction control. When the PCM receives this message,it will adjust engine timing and decrease fuel injector pulses. Once the affected wheel returns to normal speed, the ABSmodule returns the solenoid valves in the HCU to their normal position, deactivates the hydraulic pump motor and sendsanother message over the HS-CAN bus indicating that the traction event has ended. The PCM returns engine timing andfuel injectors to normal operation and the IPC extinguishes the sliding-car icon.

Once vehicle speed reaches or exceeds 100 km/h (62 mph), traction control is accomplished only through PCMintervention.

Certain DTCs in the ABS module will disable the traction control system. Depending on the DTCs present, the yellowABS warning indicator and/or the sliding-car icon will be illuminated.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC) System

The ESC system is controlled by the ABS module and uses the same wheel speed sensors and tone rings that are usedfor anti-lock braking. The ESC system also uses input from the steering wheel rotation sensor (3.5L) or Power SteeringControl Module (PSCM) (2.5L, 3.0L and Hybrid), and the stability control sensors (yaw rate, longitudinal acceleration andlateral acceleration), which are internal to the Restraints Control Module (RCM) . Additional information from othermodules is sent over the HS-CAN bus to help maintain vehicle stability.

The ABS module uses the various sensors to continuously monitor vehicle direction of travel relative to the driver'sintended course. If the ABS module determines from all these inputs that the vehicle is unable to travel in the intendeddirection, it modulates brake pressure to the appropriate brake caliper(s) by opening and closing the appropriate solenoidvalves inside the HCU while the hydraulic pump motor is activated. At the same time, the ABS module sends a messageover the HS-CAN bus that a stability event is taking place. When the IPC receives this message, it will flash the sliding-car icon. Under certain conditions during a stability event, the PCM may be requested to reduce engine torque as it doesfor traction control. Once the stability condition has been corrected, the ABS module sends another message over theHS-CAN bus indicating that the event has ended. The PCM returns engine timing and fuel injectors to normal operationand the IPC extinguishes the sliding-car icon.

Certain DTCs being present in the ABS module may disable the ESC system. Depending on the DTCs present, theyellow ABS warning indicator and/or the sliding-car icon will be illuminated.

Traction Control Switch

Unlike conventional ABS, the traction control portion of the AdvanceTrac® can be deactivated by the driver through theuse of the traction control switch. The switch is hardwired to the IPC . When pressed, the switch sends a ground signal tothe IPC . The IPC then sends a message over the HS-CAN bus indicating that the driver has requested that the systembe deactivated and illuminates the sliding-car OFF icon. Once disabled, the system will remain in that state until the driverpresses the switch again or the ignition key is cycled.

Stability Control Sensors



The stability control sensors for the AdvanceTrac® system consist of the yaw rate sensor, lateral accelerometer andlongitudinal accelerometer. The sensors are housed in the RCM which sends sensor information to the ABS module overthe dedicated Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. If any of the sensors are defective, a new RCM must be installed.Refer to Section 501-20B for additional information on the RCM .

The yaw rate sensor measures the relative vehicle motion about the vertical axis through the vehicle center ofgravity.The longitudinal accelerometer measures the acceleration corresponding to the force involved when the vehiclemoves forward and rearward in the horizontal plane, along the centerline of the vehicle's front and rear wheels.The lateral accelerometer measures the acceleration that corresponds to the force involved when the vehiclemoves sideways.

Lateral acceleration has 2 forms. The first is the centrifugal acceleration that is generated when the vehicle travels aroundin a circle. The second is the acceleration due to gravity. On level ground there is no contribution from this acceleration.However, if the vehicle is parked sideways on a bank or incline, the sensor measures some lateral acceleration due togravity, even though the vehicle is not moving.

Steering Wheel Position Information

On vehicles equipped with Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) (2.5L, 3.0L and Hybrid vehicles), the steering wheelposition information is sent to the ABS module from the PSCM along the HS-CAN bus. The PSCM calculates steeringposition based on motor position within the EPAS steer gear. For information on EPAS , refer to Section 211-00A.

On vehicles equipped with Hydraulic Power Assist Steering (HPAS) (3.5L vehicles only), the steering wheel rotationinformation is sent from the steering wheel rotation sensor. The steering wheel rotation sensor measures the rate ofrotation of the steering wheel by monitoring the steering wheel rotation ring as it passes through the sensor gap. Therotation sensor uses 2 signal lines to transmit information to the ABS module about whether the steering wheel is beingturned left or right and how far it is being turned. The rotation sensor does not indicate the position of the steering wheelrelative to straight-ahead. The ESC system learns this position by comparing the steering wheel position with othersignals and storing the position it has learned. The ESC system confirms this position and modifies it as necessary duringevery new driving cycle.

ABS Module Configuration

Module configuration is a scan tool process which configures specific vehicle settings in a new module. If installing a newABS module and/or a new HCU , the ABS module must be configured. To configure the ABS module, refer toProgrammable Module Installation (PMI) in Section 418-01.

ABS Module Calibration

Non-hybrid vehicles do not require a module calibration. For module calibration information for hybrid vehicles, refer toABS Module Calibration in Anti-Lock Control — Hybrid in this section.

Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer concern.

2. Verify the stoplamps operate correctly by pressing and releasing the brake pedal with the ignition switch in theON position. If the stoplamps do not operate correctly, refer to Section 417-01. If the stoplamps operatecorrectly, proceed to the next step.

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3. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage.

Visual Inspection Chart

Mechanical Electrical

Base brake systemHydraulic Control Unit (HCU)Incorrectly inflated tiresMismatched wheels or tires onvehicleSteering wheel rotation sensor ringWheel speed sensor tone ring

ABS moduleBattery Junction Box (BJB) fuse(s):

8 (40A)

10 (30A)

Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) gear (2.5L and 3.0Lonly)Restraints Control Module (RCM)Smart Junction Box (SJB) fuse 42 (10A)Stoplamp switchTraction control switchSteering wheel rotation sensor (3.5L only)Vacuum sensor (2.5L and 3.0L only)Wheel speed sensorsWiring, terminals or connectors

4. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) beforeproceeding to the next step.

5. NOTE: Make sure to use the latest scan tool software release.

If the cause is not visually evident, connect the scan tool to the Data Link Connector (DLC) .

6. NOTE: The Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) LED prove out confirms power and ground from the DLCare provided to the VCM .

If the scan tool does not communicate with the VCM :check the VCM connection to the vehicle.

check the scan tool connection to the VCM .

refer to Section 418-00, No Power To The Scan Tool, to diagnose no power to the scan tool.

7. If the scan tool does not communicate with the vehicle:verify the ignition key is in the ON position.

verify the scan tool operation with a known good vehicle.

refer to Section 418-00 to diagnose no response from the PCM.

8. Carry out the network test.If the scan tool responds with no communication for one or more modules, refer to Section 418-00.

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If the network test passes, retrieve and record Continuous Memory Diagnostic TroubleCodes (CMDTCs) .

9. Clear the CMDTCs and carry out the self-test diagnostics for the ABS module.

10. If the DTCs retrieved are related to the concern, go to the ABS Module DTC Chart. For all other DTCs, refer toSection 419-10.

DTC Charts

NOTE: This DTC chart applies to non-hybrid vehicles only. For hybrid vehicle DTCs, refer to the ABS Module DTC Chartin Anti-Lock Control — Hybrid in this section.

ABS Module DTC Chart

DTCs Description Action

B1342 ECU is Faulted CLEAR the DTCs. CYCLE the ignition switch. REPEAT the self-test. RETRIEVE the DTCs.

If other DTCs are retrieved, ADDRESS those DTCs before addressing DTC B1342.

If only DTC B1342 is returns, INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock BrakeSystem (ABS) Module in this section.

B1483 Brake PedalInput OpenCircuit

GO to Pinpoint Test A.

B1676 Battery PackVoltage Out ofRange

GO to Pinpoint Test B.

B2477 ModuleConfigurationFailure

CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If DTC B2477 is retrieved again, INSTALL a newABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. REPEAT theself-test.

B2900 VIN Mismatch NOTE: This DTC is usually set when a new ABS module is installed.

GO to Pinpoint Test H.

C1095 ABS HydraulicPump MotorCircuit Failure

GO to Pinpoint Test E.

C109D Low VacuumCondition

GO to Pinpoint Test K.

C109E VacuumSensor CircuitFault


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C109F VacuumSensor SignalFault


C1145 Wheel SpeedSensor RFInput CircuitFailure

GO to Pinpoint Test C.

C1155 Wheel SpeedSensor LFInput CircuitFailure


C1165 Wheel SpeedSensor RRInput CircuitFailure


C1175 Wheel SpeedSensor LRInput CircuitFailure


C1233 Wheel SpeedLF Signal Fault

GO to Pinpoint Test D.

C1234 Wheel SpeedRF Signal Fault


C1235 Wheel SpeedRR SignalFault


C1236 Wheel SpeedLR Signal Fault


C1277 Steering WheelAngle 1 and 2Circuit Failure

GO to Pinpoint Test F.

C1278 Steering WheelAngle 1 and 2Signal Faulted


C1280 Yaw RateSensor SignalFault

NOTE: The yaw rate sensor is integral to the Restraints Control Module (RCM) and cannot beserviced separately. If a new yaw rate sensor is needed, a new RCM must be installed.

REFER to Restraints Control Module (RCM) Removal and Installation in Section 501-20B.ADHERE to all safety warnings in the procedure. INSPECT the RCM for damage. VERIFYthat all RCM fasteners are tightened to their correct specification. CLEAR the DTCs. TESTDRIVE the vehicle at speeds above 20 km/h (12 mph). REPEAT the self-test. If DTC C1280returns, INSTALL a new RCM . REFER to Section 501-20B.






C1282 LateralAccelerometerSignal Fault

NOTE: The lateral acceleration sensor is integral to the RCM and cannot be servicedseparately. If a new lateral acceleration sensor is needed, a new RCM must be installed.


C1288 PressureSensorMain/PrimaryInput CircuitFailure

GO to Pinpoint Test I.

C1440 PressureSensorMain/PrimarySignal Faulted

GO to Pinpoint Test I.

C1470 TCS FunctionTemporarilyDisabled(Thermal BrakeProtection)

ALLOW the brake fluid time to cool. CLEAR the DTC. TEST DRIVE the vehicle and VERIFYtraction control system operation.

C1805 MismatchedPCM and/orABS-TCModule

GO to Pinpoint Test H.

C1963 Stability AssistInhibit Warning

NOTE: This DTC will not clear until the vehicle has been driven above 48 km/h (30 mph) withinput from the steering wheel rotation sensor.

NOTE: REPAIR all other non-communication DTCs before repairing DTC C1963.


C1991 ModuleCalibrationFailure

CLEAR the DTCs.

CYCLE the ignition switch.

REPEAT the self-test.

RETRIEVE the DTCs.

If DTC C1991 is present, INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System(ABS) Module in this section.

a

b







C1996 Active Yawand/or RollControlDisabled

GO to Pinpoint Test J.

C2770 LongitudinalAccelerationSensor SignalFault

NOTE: The longitudinal acceleration sensor is integral to the RCM and cannot be servicedseparately. If a new longitudinal acceleration sensor is needed, a new RCM must be installed.


C2777 Sensor ClusterBus Failure

GO to Pinpoint Test G.

U0001 HS-CANCommunicationBus

REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnose the HS-CAN bus.

U0100 LostCommunicationWith ECM/PCM

REPAIR all other DTCs first. If DTC U0100 is still present, REFER to Section 418-00 todiagnose the HS-CAN bus.

U0101 LostCommunicationWith TCM


U0114 LostCommunicationWith Four-WheelDrive (4WD)Clutch ControlModule


U0140 LostCommunicationwith BodyControl Module


U0151 LostCommunicationWith RestraintsControlModule (RCM)










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U0155 LostCommunicationWithInstrumentPanelCluster (IPC)Control Module


U0401 Invalid DataReceived FromECM /PCM

VERIFY the correct ABS module configuration. VERIFY that the correct Vehicle IdentificationNumber (VIN) is programmed to the PCM. CARRY OUT the PCM self-test, RETRIEVE andRECORD any DTCs. REFER to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart in Section 419-10.

U0402 Invalid DataReceived FromTCM

VERIFY the correct ABS module configuration. VERIFY that the correct VIN is programmedto the PCM. CARRY OUT the PCM self-test, RETRIEVE and RECORD any DTCs. REFER tothe Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart in Section 419-10.

U0414 Invalid DataReceived FromFour-WheelDrive (4WD)Clutch ControlModule

VERIFY the correct ABS module configuration. VERIFY that the correct VIN is programmedto the PCM. CARRY OUT the on-demand self test for the 4x4 Control Module, RETRIEVEand RECORD any DTCs. REFER to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart in Section 419-10.

U0452 Invalid DataReceived FromRestraintsControlModule (RCM)


U1901 CAN Network#2CommunicationBus Fault


U2050 No ApplicationPresent

VERIFY that the ABS module installed is the correct module for the vehicle configuration. Ifthe ABS module is OK, CLEAR the DTCs. CARRY OUT the self-test, RETRIEVE andRECORD any DTCs. If DTC U2050 is retrieved again, INSTALL a new ABS module. REFERto Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.


Traction Control

Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) DTC Chart

NOTE: This module utilizes a 5-character DTC followed by a 2-character failure-type code. The failure-type codeprovides information about specific fault conditions such as opens or shorts to ground. Continuous Memory Diagnostic

a

b








Trouble Codes (CMDTCs) have an additional 2-character DTC status code suffix to assist in determining DTC history.

DTC Description Source Action

C0089:11 TCS Disable Switch: Circuit Short toGround

Instrument PanelCluster (IPC)

GO to Pinpoint Test M.

— All Other IPC DTCs IPC REFER to the Master DTC Chart inSection 419-10.


Symptom Chart

Symptom Chart

Condition Possible Sources Action

No communication withthe ABS module

Fuse

Wiring, terminals orconnectors

ABS module

REFER to Section 418-00 todiagnose the no communicationproblem.

The yellow ABS warningindicator, the sliding-caricon and the red brakewarning indicator are allilluminated at the sametime

DTCs present in the ABSmodule

No communicationbetween the ABSmodule and theInstrument PanelCluster (IPC)

RETRIEVE and RECORD the ABSmodule DTCs. GO to the ABSModule DTC Chart.

a

a





Both the yellow ABSwarning indicator and thesliding-car icon areilluminated at the sametime


ABS module notconfigured

Vehicle IdentificationNumber (VIN) mismatchbetween ABS moduleand PCM

For All-WheelDrive (AWD) vehicles, nocommunication betweenthe ABS module and theRestraints ControlModule (RCM)

RETRIEVE and RECORD the ABSmodule DTCs. GO to the ABSModule DTC Chart.

Only the red brakewarning indicator isalways/never on



Brake fluid level switch

Parking brake switch

Optimized hydraulicbraking activation

RETRIEVE and RECORD any ABSmodule DTCs. GO to the ABSModule DTC Chart. If no DTCs arepresent, REFER to Diagnosis andTesting in Section 413-01.

Only the yellow ABSwarning indicator isalways/never on



IPC

ABS module

RETRIEVE and RECORD any ABSmodule DTCs. GO to the ABSModule DTC Chart. If no DTCs arepresent, REFER to Diagnosis andTesting in Section 413-01.

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Only the sliding-car iconis always on


For Front WheelDrive (FWD) vehicles, nocommunication betweenthe ABS module and theRCM

For AWD vehicles, nocommunication betweenthe ABS module and the4X4 control module

RETRIEVE and RECORD any ABSmodule DTCs. GO to the ABSModule DTC Chart.

The sliding-car icon isnever on


IPC

ABS module

REFER to Diagnosis and Testing inSection 413-01.

The sliding-car iconflashes

AdvanceTrac® system The sliding-car icon will flash 2times per second during a tractioncontrol or stability event. This is anormal function and does notindicate any concerns.

The sliding-car OFF iconis never/always on


IPC

Stability/traction controlswitch

REFER to Diagnosis and Testing inSection 413-01.

Spongy brakepedal/excessive pedaltravel with no warningindicator

Air in the brake hydraulicsystem

Damaged or incorrectlyinstalled brakecomponents

Brake master cylinder

HCU

GO to Pinpoint Test AB.






Poor vehicle trackingduring anti-lock function

Air in the hydraulic brakesystem

HCU

GO to Pinpoint Test L.

Base brake system REFER to Section 206-00.

Incorrect or worn tires

Underinflated tire(s)

INSPECT the wheels and tires,front and rear suspension and thewheel speed sensor tone rings.REPAIR or INSTALL new asnecessary.

Unintended ABSactivation at low speedsor near the end ofstopping the vehicle withno DTCs present

Incorrect or worn tires

Underinflated tire(s)

Suspension components

Missing, damaged ormisaligned wheel speedsensor tone rings

INSPECT the wheels and tires,front and rear suspension and thewheel speed sensor tone rings.REPAIR or INSTALL new asnecessary.

The stability/tractioncontrol system isinoperative

System is turned off VERIFY that the system is turnedon.


CARRY OUT the ABS module self-test. RETRIEVE and RECORD anyDTCs. REFER to the ABS ModuleDTC Chart.

High Speed ControllerArea Network (HS-CAN)bus

REFER to Section 418-00 todiagnose the no communicationproblem.

The stability/tractioncontrol system cannot bedisabled


Traction control switch

IPC

GO to Pinpoint Test M.

Pinpoint Tests

Pinpoint Test A: DTC B1483

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Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 42, Vehicle Dynamic Systems for schematic and connector information.

Normal Operation

When the brake pedal is pressed, the Brake Pedal Position (BPP) switch opens, this interrupts a voltage signal that issent to the PCM. When the PCM detects this interruption, it sends a message over the High Speed Controller AreaNetwork (HS-CAN) bus indicating that the brake pedal has been pressed. The PCM uses the BPP switch information forthe speed control system. The ABS module receives the BPP switch information from the PCM over the HS-CAN bus.

The BPP is also known as the stoplamp switch.

DTC B1483 (Brake Pedal Input Open Circuit) — The ABS module compares the BPP message against otherinputs (brake pressure and wheel speed) and if the message does not match the other inputs and there are noDTCs present for those inputs, DTC B1483 will be set.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:

Wiring, terminals or connectorsBPP switchPCMABS module

PINPOINT TEST A : DTC B1483

NOTICE: Use the Flex Probe Kit for all test connections to prevent damage to the wiring terminals. Do not usestandard multimeter probes.

A1 CHECK THE ABS MODULE DTCs

Review the DTCs recorded during Inspection and Verification.

Were any wheel speed sensor DTCs retrieved?

Yes For DTC C1145, C1155, C1165 or C1175, GO to Pinpoint Test C. For DTC C1233, C1234, C1235 or C1236, GO to Pinpoint Test D.

No GO to A2.

A2 CHECK FOR PCM DTCs

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Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: KOEO Self Test — PCM.

Retrieve and record any PCM DTCs.

Are any DTCs present in the PCM?

Yes REFER to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart in Section 419-10.

No GO to A3.

A3 CHECK THE ABS MODULE DTCs


Are DTCs U0100 and/or U0401 also present?

Yes DIAGNOSE DTCs U0100 and/or U0401 before diagnosing B1483. REFER to the ABS Module DTCChart.

No If DTCs C1288 and/or C1440 are present, GO to Pinpoint Test I. If no other DTCs are present, GO to A4.

A4 CHECK THE ABS MODULE BRAKE ON/OFF (BOO_ABS) PID

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — ABS Module.

Monitor the BOO_ABS PID while pressing and releasing the brake pedal.

Does the PID agree with the pedal position?

Yes The system is operating correctly at this time. CLEAR the DTC. REPEAT the self-test.

No GO to A5.

A5 CHECK THE PCM BOO1 PID




Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — PCM.

Monitor the BOO1 PID while pressing and releasing the brake pedal.

Does the PID agree with the pedal position?

Yes REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnose the communication concern.

No REFER to Section 419-03 and diagnose the speed control deactivation switch.

Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1676


Normal Operation

The operating voltage required to supply the ABS module, hydraulic pump and isolation valves is in a range between 10and 16 volts.

Fused battery voltage is supplied to the ABS module from Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 10 (30A) along circuit SBB10(YE/RD) and fuse 8 (40A) along circuit SBB08 (VT/RD). Fused ignition voltage is supplied to the ABS module from SmartJunction Box (SJB) fuse 42 (10A) along CBP42 (GN) and ground is provided to the module along circuit GD123 (BK/GY).

DTC B1676 (Battery Pack Voltage Out of Range) — If during normal operation, the vehicle battery voltagebecomes less than 9.7 volts for more than 210 ms with vehicle speed greater than 20 km/h (12 mph), or thevehicle battery voltage becomes greater than 18 volts at any time, DTC B1676 will be set. Also, if during theABS module self-test the vehicle battery voltage becomes higher than 18 volts, DTC B1676 will be set.


Fuse(s)Wiring, terminals or connectorsCharging systemABS module

PINPOINT TEST B : DTC B1676


NOTE: DTC B1676 can be set if the vehicle has been recently jump started, the battery has been recently charged orthe battery has been discharged. The battery may become discharged due to excessive load(s) on the charging systemfrom aftermarket accessories or if the battery has been left unattended with the accessories on.

NOTE: Carry out a thorough inspection and verification before proceeding with the pinpoint test. Refer to Inspection andVerification in this section.


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B1 RETRIEVE ALL CMDTCs IN ALL MODULES

Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test — All CMDTCs .

Is DTC B1317, B1318 or B1676 present in one or more modules AND DTC P0563, P0620, P0625, P0626 or P065Bpresent in the PCM?

Yes REFER to Section 414-00 for diagnosis of the battery and charging system.

No GO to B2.

B2 CHECK BATTERY CONDITION

Ignition OFF.

Refer to Section 414-01 and carry out the Battery — Condition Test.

Does the battery pass the condition test?

Yes If the battery passed the condition test, but required a recharge, REFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose thecharging system. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If the battery passed the condition test and did not require a recharge, GO to B3.

No INSTALL a new battery. REFER to Section 413-01. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

B3 CHECK CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE

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NOTE: Do not allow the engine speed to increase above 2,000 rpm while performing this step or the generator may selfexcite and result in default charging system output voltage. If engine speed goes above 2,000 rpm, shut the vehicleOFF and restart the engine before performing this step.

Start the engine.

Measure the voltage of the battery with and without a load on the charging system as follows:Turn off all accessories and run the engine at 1,500 rpm for a minimum of 2 minutes whilemeasuring battery voltage.

Turn on headlights and HVAC fan on high and run engine at 1,500 rpm for a minimum of 2 minuteswhile measuring battery voltage.

Are the voltages between 13 and 15.2 volts?

Yes GO to B4.

No REFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose the charging system. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

B4 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE ABS MODULE




NOTE: The degas bottle may need to be positioned aside to access the ABS module connector.

Ignition OFF.

Disconnect: ABS Module C135.

Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-1, SBB08 (VT/RD), harness side.

ABS module C135-8, CBP42 (GN), harness side.

ABS module C135-32, SBB10 (YE/RD), harness side.

Are the voltages greater than 10 volts?

Yes GO to B5.

No VERIFY BJB fuse 8 (40A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit SBB08 (VT/RD). VERIFY SJB fuse 42 (10A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit CBP42 (GN). VERIFY BJB fuse 10 (30A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit SBB10 (YE/RD). If any fuse is not OK, REFER to the Wiring Diagrams manual to identify the possible causes of the circuit short.CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

B5 CHECK CIRCUIT GD123 (BK/GY) FOR AN OPEN

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Ignition OFF.

Measure the resistance between ABS module C135-16, circuit GD123 (BK/GY), harness side and ground.

Is the resistance less than 5 ohms?

Yes CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If DTC B1676 is retrieved again, GO to B6.

No REPAIR circuit GD123 (BK/GY). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

B6 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION

Check ABS module C135 for:corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.

Connect: ABS Module C135.

Make sure the connector seats correctly, then operate the system and verify the concern is still present.

Is the concern still present?

Yes INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

Pinpoint Test C: DTCs C1145, C1155, C1165 and C1175


Normal Operation








Active wheel speed sensors generate a square wave signal that is sent to the ABS module. The wheel speed sensorcircuitry connects to the ABS module through 2 wires and a connector at each wheel speed sensor. When the ignitionswitch is turned to the RUN position, the ABS module carries out a self-test by sending a reference voltage through thewheel speed sensors and their circuitry.

DTC Description Fault Trigger Condition

C1145 —RF WheelSpeedSensorInputCircuitFailureC1155 —LF WheelSpeedSensorInputCircuitFailureC1165 —RR WheelSpeedSensorInputCircuitFailureC1175 —LR WheelSpeedSensorInputCircuitFailure

If, during the ABS module on-demand self test or during normal operation, the ABS moduledetects an open, short to ground or voltage or a defective wheel speed sensor input circuit, theappropriate DTC will be set. These DTCs are usually set by a damaged sensor or a circuit fault.


Wiring, terminals or connectorsWheel speed sensor ring (part of the wheel bearing and hub assembly)Wheel speed sensorsABS module



PINPOINT TEST C : DTCs C1145, C1155, C1165 AND C1175


C1 CHECK FOR FAULT REPEATABILITY

Connect the scan tool.

Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Clear the ABS module DTCs.

Drive the vehicle at least 16 km/h (10 mph).

Retrieve and record the ABS module DTCs.

Is DTC C1145, C1155, C1165 or C1175 retrieved?

Yes For DTC C1145 or C1155, if the Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is available, GO to C2. For DTC C1165 or C1175, or if the Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is not available, GO to C4.

No INSPECT the wheel speed sensors, wheel speed sensor wiring and wheel speed sensor tone rings. REPAIR orINSTALL new as necessary. If any other DTCs are retrieved, GO to the ABS Module DTC Chart.

C2 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT USING THE ROTUNDA ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER

NOTE: The front wheel speed sensor electrical connectors are located behind the wheel well splash shields. The rearwheel speed sensor electrical connectors are located under the rear seat cushion.

Ignition OFF.

Disconnect: Suspect Wheel Speed Sensor.

Connect the Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester to the wheel speed sensor connectors.

Ignition ON.

Select the correct system polarity on the Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester and turn the powerswitch to the ON position.

Is the module output LED illuminated?

Yes GO to C3.

No GO to C6.

C3 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT WITH THE ROTUNDA ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSORTESTER



Raise the suspect wheel until it can spin freely. Refer to Section 100-02.

While monitoring the Rotunda Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester, slowly spin the suspect wheel.

Do the sensor output LEDs illuminate and flash and is the current overload LED not illuminated?

Yes The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs do not illuminate or if the current levelLED is illuminated red, INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front or WheelSpeed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs illuminate green, but do not flash,INSPECT the wheel speed sensor tone ring and INSTALL new if necessary. If the tone ring is OK, INSTALL anew wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, FrontWheel Drive (FWD) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C4 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE

NOTICE: No measurements should be taken with the wheel speed sensor connected. Damage to the wheelspeed sensor will result.

NOTE: Both circuits must be checked for each DTC.


NOTE: The front wheel speed sensor electrical connectors are located behind the wheel well splash shields. The rearwheel speed sensor electrical connectors are located under the rear seat cushion.

Ignition OFF.



Ignition ON.

For DTC C1145, measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-34, circuit VCA05 (GY/VT), harness side.

ABS module C135-33, circuit RCA19 (VT), harness side.

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For DTC C1155, measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-45, circuit VCA03 (VT/WH), harness side.

ABS module C135-46, circuit RCA17 (YE), harness side.

For DTC C1165, measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-43, circuit VCA06 (WH/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-42, circuit RCA20 (BN), harness side.

For DTC C1175, measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-36, circuit VCA04 (BU/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-37, circuit RCA18 (BN/GN), harness side.

Is any voltage present?

Yes REPAIR the affected circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No GO to C5.

C5 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND


Ignition OFF.









For DTC C1145, measure the resistance between ground and:ABS module C135-34, circuit VCA05 (GY/VT), harness side.

ABS module C135-33, circuit RCA19 (VT), harness side.

For DTC C1155, measure the resistance between ground and:ABS module C135-45, circuit VCA03 (VT/WH), harness side.

ABS module C135-46, circuit RCA17 (YE), harness side.

For DTC C1165, measure the resistance between ground and:ABS module C135-43, circuit VCA06 (WH/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-42, circuit RCA20 (BN), harness side.

For DTC C1175, measure the resistance between ground and:ABS module C135-36, circuit VCA04 (BU/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-37, circuit RCA18 (BN/GN), harness side.

Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms?











Yes GO to C6.

No REPAIR the affected circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C6 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN




Ignition OFF.



Measure the resistance between ABS module C135, harness side and the suspect wheel speed sensorconnector, harness side as indicated in the following chart:

ABS Module Circuit Wheel Speed Sensor

DTC C1145

C135-34 VCA05 (GY/VT) C160-1

C135-33 RCA19 (VT) C160-2

DTC C1155

C135-45 VCA03 (VT/WH) C150-1

C135-46 RCA17 (YE) C150-2

DTC C1165

C135-43 VCA06 (WH/OG) C426-3

C135-42 RCA20 (BN) C426-1

DTC C1175

C135-36 VCA04 (BU/OG) C440-3

C135-37 RCA18 (BN/GN) C440-1

Are the resistances less than 5 ohms?

Yes GO to C7.

No REPAIR the affected circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the ABS self-test.

C7 CHECK FOR SHORTED WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS




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For DTC C1145, measure the resistance between:RF wheel speed sensor C160-1, circuit VCA05 (GY/VT), harness side and RF wheel speed sensorC160-2, circuit RCA19 (VT), harness side.

For DTC C1155, measure the resistance between:LF wheel speed sensor C150-1, circuit VCA03 (VT/WH), harness side and LF wheel speed sensorC150-2, circuit RCA17 (YE), harness side.

For DTC C1165, measure the resistance between:RR wheel speed sensor C426-3, circuit VCA06 (WH/OG), harness side and RR wheel speed sensorC426-1, circuit RCA20 (BN), harness side.

For DTC C1175, measure the resistance between:LR wheel speed sensor C440-3, circuit VCA04 (BU/OG), harness side and LR wheel speed sensorC440-1, circuit RCA18 (BN/GN), harness side.












Yes GO to C8.


C8 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT


Ignition ON.

For DTC C1145, measure the voltage between:RF wheel speed sensor C160-1, circuit VCA05 (GY/VT), harness side and RF wheel speed sensorC160-2, circuit RCA19 (VT), harness side.

For DTC C1155, measure the voltage between:LF wheel speed sensor C150-1, circuit VCA03 (VT/WH), harness side and LF wheel speed sensorC150-2, circuit RCA17 (YE), harness side.

For DTC C1165, measure the voltage between:RR wheel speed sensor C426-3, circuit VCA06 (WH/OG), harness side and RR wheel speed sensorC426-1, circuit RCA20 (BN), harness side.

For DTC C1175, measure the voltage between:LR wheel speed sensor C440-3, circuit VCA04 (BU/OG), harness side and LR wheel speed sensorC440-1, circuit RCA18 (BN/GN), harness side.












Are the voltages greater than 10 volts?

Yes INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear,All Wheel Drive (AWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No GO to C9.

C9 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION

Ignition OFF.


Check the connector for:corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.






Pinpoint Test D: DTCs C1233, C1234, C1235 and C1236



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Normal Operation

The wheel speed sensor and sensor ring generate a square wave signal to the ABS module that is proportional to thewheel speed. The ABS module compares the wheel speed inputs from all the wheel speed sensors to determine animpending wheel lockup.


C1233 —LF WheelSpeedSensorSignalFaultC1234 —RF WheelSpeedSensorSignalFaultC1235 —RRWheelSpeedSensorSignalFaultC1236 —LR WheelSpeedSensorSignalFault

If the ABS module does not receive a signal from a wheel speed sensor when the vehicle speed isgreater than 15 km/h (9 mph), the appropriate DTC will be set. If the difference of 2 wheel speedvalues is greater than 25 km/h (16 mph), the appropriate DTC will also be set.

These DTCs are usually set by a damaged wheel speed sensor or damaged sensor tone ring,they can also be set by wheels and/or tires of different sizes being installed on the vehicle or adifference in tire pressures.


Mismatched tire sizesWheel speed sensor ring (part of the wheel bearing and hub assembly)Wheel speed sensorABS module

PINPOINT TEST D : DTCs C1233, C1234, C1235 AND C1236



NOTICE: Use the Flex Probe Kit for all test connections to prevent damage to the wiring terminals. Do not usestandard multi-meter probes.

D1 CHECK THE DTCs FROM THE SELF-TEST


Are DTCs C1145, C1155, C1165 or C1175 present?

Yes GO to Pinpoint Test C.

No GO to D2.

D2 CHECK THE TIRES SIZE AND PRESSURE

Verify that the tires are the correct size for the vehicle as indicated on the Vehicle Certification (VC) label.

Verify that the air pressure in all the tires is correct as indicated on the VC label.

Are the wheels and tires OK?

Yes GO to D3.

No INSTALL the correct tires or ADJUST tire pressure as necessary. CLEAR the DTCs. TEST the system fornormal operation.

D3 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR MOUNTING

Ignition ON.

With the vehicle in NEUTRAL, position it on a hoist. Refer to Section 100-02.

Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor for looseness.

Is the wheel speed sensor loose?

Yes TIGHTEN the wheel speed sensor to specification. REFER to Specifications in this section. CLEAR the DTCs.GO to D4.

No GO to D5.

D4 RECHECK THE WHEEL SPEED PIDs





Ignition ON.


Monitor the following PIDs while driving the vehicle at a constant speed:Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD)

Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD)

Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD)

Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD)

Are all the wheel speed sensor PID values similar?

Yes The vehicle is OK. The concern may have been caused by a loose wheel speed sensor.

No GO to D5.

D5 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR FOR DAMAGE

NOTE: Examine the wheel speed sensor wire carefully with a good light source. Failure to verify damage inthe wheel speed sensor wire can lead to unnecessary installation of a new component.

Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor for general damage.

Is the wheel speed sensor OK?

Yes GO to D6.

No INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear,Front Wheel Drive (FWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, All Wheel Drive (AWD) in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

D6 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR RING AND WHEEL BEARING FOR DAMAGE






Inspect the wheel bearing for damage.

Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor ring for damaged or missing teeth. Rotate the wheel to verify that noteeth are missing.

Is the wheel speed sensor ring and wheel bearing OK?

Yes If the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is available, GO to D7. If the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is notavailable, GO to D9.

No INSTALL a new front or rear wheel hub and bearing. REFER to Section 204-01 for front wheel hubs or Section 204-02 for rear wheel hubs. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

D7 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT USING THE ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER

Ignition OFF.


Connect the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester to the wheel speed sensor connectors.

Select the correct system polarity on the tester and turn the tester power switch to the ON position.

Ignition ON.

Is the module output LED illuminated?

Yes GO to D8.

No GO to D10.

D8 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT WITH THE ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER

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Raise the suspect wheel until it can spin freely. Refer to Section 100-02.

While monitoring the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester, slowly spin the suspect wheel.

Do the sensor output LEDs illuminate and flash and is the current overload LED not illuminated?

Yes INSPECT the wheel speed sensor tone ring for damage and looseness. INSTALL new components asnecessary. If the tone ring is OK, the concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEARthe DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs do not illuminate or if the current levelLED is illuminated red, INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, WheelSpeed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, All Wheel Drive (AWD) inthis section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs illuminate green, but do not flash,INSPECT the wheel hub and bearing (tone ring is part of the wheel bearing). INSTALL new as necessary. If thewheel hub and bearing are OK, INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front,Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, All Wheel Drive(AWD) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

D9 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT

Ignition OFF.


Ignition ON.

For DTC C1233, measure the voltage between:LF wheel speed sensor C150-1, circuit VCA03 (VT/WH), harness side and LF wheel speed sensorC150-2, circuit RCA17 (YE), harness side.

For DTC C1234, measure the voltage between:RF wheel speed sensor C160-1, circuit VCA05 (GY/VT), harness side and RF wheel speed sensorC160-2, circuit RCA19 (VT), harness side.














For DTC C1235, measure the voltage between:RR wheel speed sensor C426-3, circuit VCA06 (WH/OG), harness side and RR wheel speed sensorC426-1, circuit RCA20 (BN), harness side.

For DTC C1236, measure the voltage between:LR wheel speed sensor C440-3, circuit VCA04 (BU/OG), harness side and LR wheel speed sensorC440-1, circuit RCA18 (BN/GN), harness side.

Is the voltage greater than 10 volts?

Yes INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear,Front Wheel Drive (FWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, All Wheel Drive (AWD) in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No GO to D10.

D10 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN











Ignition OFF.

Disconnect: Suspect Wheel Speed Sensor (if not previously disconnected).


Measure the resistance between the ABS module connector, harness side and the suspect wheel speedsensor connector, harness side as indicated in the following chart:

Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit ABS Module

DTC C1233 — LF Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Fault

C150-1 VCA03 (VT/WH) C135-45

C150-2 RCA17 (YE) C135-46

DTC C1234 — RF Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Fault

C160-1 VCA05 (GY/VT) C135-34

C160-2 RCA19 (VT) C135-33

DTC C1235 — RR Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Fault

C426-1 RCA20 (BN) C135-42

C426-3 VCA06 (WH/OG) C135-43

DTC C1236 — LR Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Fault

C440-1 RCA18 (BN/GN) C135-37

C440-3 VCA04 (BU/OG) C135-36


Yes GO to D11.


D11 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION





















Check for:corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.

Connect the ABS module connector and make sure it seats correctly.

Operate the system and verify the concern is still present.




Pinpoint Test E: DTC C1095


Normal Operation

The operating voltage required to supply the hydraulic pump motor is in a range between 10 and 16 volts. Fused batteryvoltage for the hydraulic pump is supplied to the ABS module from Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 8 (40A) SBB08(VT/RD) along circuit SBB08 (VT/RD). Ground for the hydraulic pump is provided through the ABS module along circuitGD123 (BK/GY).

DTC C1095 (ABS Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure) — If the ABS module detects an open circuit, a shortto voltage or ground or a defective internal power transistor during normal operation or the ABS module self-test, DTC C1095 will be set. The ABS module will command the pump motor ON for 100 ms (±6 ms), thencommand the motor OFF and measure the voltage produced by the motor after 6 ms. If the voltage indicatesthat the motor is spinning at less than 500 rpm, there may be a locked motor. If this condition is detected 4times, then DTC C1095 will be set. The pump motor is also checked for an open circuit 2 seconds after themost recent successful pump motor off command. If the pump motor feedback remains greater than 0.75 voltfor more than 50 ms (±6 ms) after these conditions have been met, then DTC C1095 will be set.


FuseWiring, terminals or connectorsHydraulic Control Unit (HCU)






ABS module

PINPOINT TEST E : DTC C1095


E1 CHECK THE ABS PUMP MOTOR

Ignition OFF.

Ignition ON.

Is the ABS pump motor running all the time?

Yes GO to E2.

No GO to E3.

E2 CHECK THE ABS MODULE CONNECTOR

Ignition OFF.



pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.

Is the connector undamaged and free of any corrosion?

Yes INSTALL a new ABS module and HCU . REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module and HydraulicControl Unit (HCU) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No REPAIR as necessary. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

E3 CHECK THE PUMP MOTOR OUTPUT COMMAND (PMP_MOTOR)



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Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — ABS.

Toggle the PMP_MOTOR output command ON.

Does the ABS pump motor run for approximately 2 seconds?

Yes TOGGLE the PMP_MOTOR output command OFF. GO to E4.

No TOGGLE the PMP_MOTOR output command OFF. CLEAR the DTCs. CYCLE the ignition switch. RETRIEVE and RECORD the ABS module DTCs. If DTC C1095 is retrieved, GO to E5. For all other ABS module DTCs, GO to the ABS Module DTC Chart.

E4 CHECK FOR RETURNING ABS MODULE DTCs

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test — ABS Module.

Retrieve and record the ABS module DTCs.

Are any ABS module DTCs present?

Yes If DTC C1095 is retrieved, INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in this section.CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. For all other ABS module DTCs, GO to the ABS Module DTC Chart.

No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector. CLEAR the DTCs. CARRY OUT the self-test with the brake pedal not applied.

E5 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE ABS MODULE





Ignition OFF.


Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between ABS module C135-1, circuit SBB08 (VT/RD), harness side and ground.

Is the voltage greater than 10 volts?

Yes GO to E6.

No VERIFY BJB fuse 8 (40A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR circuit SBB08 (VT/RD). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If not OK, REFER to the Wiring Diagrams manual to identify the possible causes of the circuit short.

E6 CHECK CIRCUIT GD123 (BK/GY) FOR AN OPEN

Measure the resistance between ABS module C135-16, circuit GD123 (BK/GY), harness side and ground.


Yes GO to E7.

No REPAIR circuit GD123 (BK/GY). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

E7 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION






Ignition OFF.



pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.




Yes INSTALL a new ABS module and HCU . REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module and HydraulicControl Unit (HCU) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.


Pinpoint Test F: DTCs C1277, C1278 and C1963


Normal Operation

On vehicles equipped with Hydraulic Power Assist Steering (HPAS) (3.5L vehicles only), a slotted wheel is attached tothe steering column inside the clockspring and the steering wheel rotation sensor is attached to the RH side of themultifunction switch just above the ignition lock cylinder. The steering wheel rotation senor has a LED and an opposingoptical sensor. As the steering wheel is turned, the slotted wheel passes between the LED and the sensor, interruptingthe signal and indicating how far and how fast the steering wheel is being turned. This information is sent to the ABSmodule and is used to help determine if the AdvanceTrac® system needs to be activated.

The steering wheel position information is sent to the ABS module along circuits VCA41 (VT/GN) and VCA42 (VT/OG).Voltage is supplied to the sensor by the ABS module along circuit CCA40 (GY/BU) and ground is provided by the ABSmodule along circuit RCA40 (BN/VT).

During normal operation, the voltage supplied to the sensor will not exceed 10V. If 12V is measured on the supply circuitat any time, the circuit is shorted to battery voltage.

On vehicles equipped with Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) , the steering wheel rotation sensor is located insidethe EPAS gear assembly. Rotation speed and angle are sent to the ABS module from the Power Steering ControlModule (PSCM) along the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) bus.









C1277 —SteeringWheel Angle 1and 2 CircuitFailure(vehicles withHPAS )

If the ABS module detects an open circuit, short to voltage or short to ground along circuitsVCA41 (VT/GN) and/or VCA42 (VT/OG) during normal operation or an on-demand self test,DTC C1277 will be set. An internal failure of the steering wheel rotation sensor may alsocause DTC C1277 to set.

C1277 —SteeringWheel Angle 1and 2 CircuitFailure(vehicles withEPAS )

If the ABS module does not receive the steering wheel rotation/angle message from thePSCM for more than 5 seconds with vehicle speed above 3 km/h (2 mph), DTC C1277 will beset. This could be due to a failure of the HS-CAN bus or a failure of the EPAS system, whichwill cause other ABS module DTCs to set.

C1278 —SteeringWheel Angle 1and 2 SignalFaulted

If during normal operation or the ABS module on-demand self test, the ABS module does notreceive the steering wheel rotation sensor input or if the input received does not agree withthe input from other sensors, DTC C1278 will be set.

C1963 —Stability AssistInhibitWarning

If conditions exist during normal operation that prevent the AdvanceTrac® system fromoperating, DTC C1963 will be set. This DTC is usually set due to the steering wheel rotationsensor being damaged/installed incorrectly or due to invalid/missing data from the RestraintsControl Module (RCM) .


Wiring, terminals or connectorsSteering wheel rotation sensor incorrectly installedSteering wheel rotation sensorABS module

PINPOINT TEST F : DTCs C1277, C1278 AND C1963


F1 VERIFY THE VEHICLE STEERING SYSTEM TYPE



NOTE: Steering system type can be identified by checking for the presence of a power steering pump.Vehicles equipped with EPAS do not have a power steering pump.

Verify the type of steering system the vehicle is equipped with, HPAS or EPAS .

Is the vehicle equipped with HPAS ?

Yes GO to F4.

No GO to F2.

F2 CHECK THE ABS MODULE DTCs

Review the DTCs retrieved during Inspection and Verification.

Are there any communication "U-code" DTCs present in the ABS module?

Yes REFER to the ABS Module DTC Chart and DIAGNOSE the U-code DTCs before diagnosing DTC C1963.

No GO to F3.

F3 CHECK FOR PSCM DTCs


Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test — PSCM .

Are there any DTCs present in the PSCM ?

Yes REFER to Section 211-00A to diagnose the EPAS system concern.

No GO to Pinpoint Test G.

F4 MONITOR THE STEERING ROTATION SENSOR POSITION (SWA POS) PID





Ignition ON.


Monitor the SWA POS PID while rotating the steering wheel clockwise and counterclockwise very slowly, fromlock to lock.

Does the PID move in intervals of 1.5 degrees?

Yes CLEAR the DTCs. DRIVE the vehicle above 48 km/h (30 mph) with input from the steering wheel rotationsensor. RETRIEVE the DTCs. If DTC C1277 or C1278 is still present, GO to F13. If DTC C1963 is present, INSPECT the steering wheel rotation sensor for damage and correct installation.INSPECT for possible sources of light intrusion (cracked, missing or poor fitting steering shroud). REINSTALL orINSTALL new as necessary. If the sensor is OK, GO to F5.

No GO to F5.

F5 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STEERING WHEEL ROTATION SENSOR

NOTE: The steering wheel rotation sensor is located on the RH side of the multifunction switch.

Ignition OFF.

Disconnect: Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor C226.

Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between steering wheel rotation sensor C226-4, circuit CCA40 (GY/BU), harness sideand ground.

Is the voltage greater than 9.5 volts?

Yes GO to F6.

No REPAIR circuit CCA40 (GY/BU). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

F6 CHECK THE GROUND CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN

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Measure the voltage between steering wheel rotation sensor C226-4, circuit CCA40 (GY/BU), harness sideand steering wheel rotation sensor C226-1, circuit RCA40 (BN/VT), harness side.

Is the voltage greater than 9.5 volts?

Yes GO to F7.

No REPAIR circuit RCA40 (BN/VT). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

F7 CHECK THE CHANNEL "A" CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN OR A SHORT TO GROUND

Measure the voltage between steering wheel rotation sensor C226-2, circuit VCA41 (VT/GN), harness sideand steering wheel rotation sensor C226-1, circuit RCA40 (BN/VT), harness side.

Is the voltage between 4.75 volts and 5.25 volts?

Yes GO to F8.

No REPAIR circuit VCA41 (VT/GN). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

F8 CHECK THE CHANNEL "B" CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN OR A SHORT TO GROUND







Measure the voltage between steering wheel rotation sensor C226-3, circuit VCA42 (VT/OG), harness sideand steering wheel rotation sensor C226-1, circuit RCA40 (BN/VT), harness side.

Is the voltage between 4.75 volts and 5.25 volts?

Yes GO to F9.

No REPAIR circuit VCA42 (VT/OG). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

F9 CHECK THE STEERING POSITION SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN






Ignition OFF.


Disconnect: Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor C226.

Measure the resistance between ABS module C135, harness side and steering wheel rotation sensor C226,harness side using the following table:

Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor Circuit ABS Module

C226-1 RCA40 (BN/VT) C135-40

C226-2 VCA41 (VT/GN) C135-41

C226-3 VCA42 (VT/OG) C135-9

C226-4 CCA40 (GY/BU) C135-5


Yes GO to F10.


F10 CHECK THE STEERING POSITION SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE















Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between:ABS module C135-5, circuit CCA40 (GY/BU), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-9, circuit VCA42 (VT/OG), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-40, circuit RCA40 (BN/VT), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-41, circuit VCA41 (VT/GN), harness side and ground.



No GO to F11.

F11 CHECK THE STEERING POSITION SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND







Ignition OFF.

Measure the resistance between:ABS module C135-5, circuit CCA40 (GY/BU), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-9, circuit VCA42 (VT/OG), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-40, circuit RCA40 (BN/VT), harness side and ground.

ABS module C135-41, circuit VCA41 (VT/GN), harness side and ground.


Yes GO to F12.


F12 CHECK THE CHANNEL "A" AND "B" CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TOGETHER

Measure the resistance between steering wheel rotation sensor C226-2, circuit VCA41 (VT/GN), harness sideand steering wheel rotation sensor C226-3, circuit VCA42 (VT/OG), harness side.


Yes If DTC C1963 is present, GO to Pinpoint Test G. INSTALL a new steering wheel rotation sensor. REFER to Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor in this section.CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.








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F13 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION

Ignition OFF.



pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.




Yes INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. TEST thesystem for normal operation.


Pinpoint Test G: DTCs C1963, C2777, U0151, U0452 and U1901


Normal Operation

The yaw rate sensor, lateral accelerometer and longitudinal accelerometer are contained in Restraints ControlModule (RCM) . The RCM measures vehicle yaw rate, lateral acceleration and longitudinal acceleration and then sendsthe information to the ABS module along the dedicated Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, circuits VCA23 (BU/WH) andVCA24 (GN/OG). This dedicated CAN bus is used only for communication between the RCM and the ABS module. Theinformation sent to the ABS module is used to help determine if the AdvanceTrac® system needs to be activated.

DTC Description Fault Trigger Conditions







DTC Description Fault Trigger Conditions

C2777 —Sensor ClusterBus FailureU0151 — LostCommunicationWith RestraintsControlModule (RCM)U1901 — CANNetwork #2CommunicationBus Fault

If, during normal operation or the ABS module on-demand self test the ABS moduledetects an open circuit, a short to voltage or a short to ground on one or both of thededicated CAN bus circuits, or a failure of the RCM will cause the appropriate DTC will beset.

C1963 —Stability ControlInhibit Warning

If conditions exist during normal operation that prevent the AdvanceTrac® system fromoperating, DTC C1963 will be set. This DTC is usually set due to the steering wheelrotation sensor or the RCM being damaged or installed incorrectly.

U0452 — InvalidData ReceivedFrom RCM

This DTC indicates that one or more of the stability/traction control system sensors internalto the RCM have failed and the RCM is transmitting on "invalid data" message.


Wiring, terminals or connectorsRCM incorrectly mountedRCMABS module

PINPOINT TEST G : DTCs C1963, C2777, U0151, U0452 AND U1901

WARNING: Never probe the electrical connectors on air bag, Safety Canopy® or side air curtain modules.Failure to follow this instruction may result in the accidental deployment of these modules, which increasesthe risk of serious personal injury or death.

WARNING: Never disassemble or tamper with seat belt deployable components, including pretensioners,load limiters and inflators. Never back probe deployable device electrical connectors. Tampering or backprobing may cause an accidental deployment and result in personal injury or death.


NOTE: Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) components should only be disconnected or reconnected wheninstructed to do so within a pinpoint test step. Failure to follow this instruction may result in incorrectdiagnosis of the SRS .



NOTE: The SRS must be fully operational and free of faults before releasing the vehicle to the customer.

G1 CHECK FOR AN HS-CAN CONCERN WITH THE RCM


Ignition ON.

NOTE: The Network Test does not test the dedicated CAN communications between the ABS module andRCM .

Using the scan tool, carry out the Network Test.

Does the RCM pass the Network Test?

Yes GO to G2.

No REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnose the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) concern.

G2 CHECK FOR CORRECT RCM

Ignition OFF.

WARNING: Turn the ignition OFF and wait one minute to deplete the backup power supply. Failureto follow this instruction may result in serious personal injury or death in the event of an accidentaldeployment.

Gain access to the RCM and check the part number on the RCM against the part number listed in the masterparts catalog. Refer to Section 501-20B.

Does the part number on the RCM match the part number listed in the master parts catalog?

Yes GO to G3.

No INSTALL the correct RCM . REFER to Section 501-20B. GO to G13.

G3 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE






Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Log Viewer.

Retrieve and record the ABS module part number from Log Viewer and check the part number on the ABSmodule against the part number listed in the master parts catalog.

Does the part number retrieved from the ABS module match the part number listed in the master parts catalog?

Yes GO to G4.

No INSTALL the correct ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. GO toG13.

G4 CHECK THE RCM CONDITION AND INSTALLATION

Depower the Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) . Refer to Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B.

Inspect the RCM for cracks in the case, broken anchor tabs, broken electrical connector and correctinstallation. Refer to Removal and Installation, Restraints Control Module (RCM) in Section 501-20B.

Is the RCM installed correctly and undamaged?

Yes GO to G5.

No REINSTALL or INSTALL new as necessary. GO to G13.

G5 CHECK THE DEDICATED CAN CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN







Disconnect: RCM C310B.

Measure the resistance between the ABS module C135, harness side and the RCM C310B, harness side asindicated in the following chart:

ABS Module Circuit RCM

C135-18 VCA23 (BU/WH) C310B-20

C135-19 VCA24 (GN/OG) C310B-19


Yes GO to G6.

No REPAIR the affected circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. CYCLE the ignition key. REPEAT the self-test. GO toG13.

G6 CHECK THE DEDICATED CAN CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND


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Measure the resistance between ground and:ABS module C135-19, circuit VCA24 (GN/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-18, circuit VCA23 (BU/WH), harness side.


Yes GO to G7.

No REPAIR the affected circuit(s). GO to G13.

G7 CHECK THE DEDICATED CAN CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TOGETHER

Measure the resistance between ABS module C135-19, circuit VCA24 (GN/OG), harness side and ABSmodule C135-18, circuit VCA23 (BU/WH), harness side.


Yes GO to G8.

No REPAIR the affected circuit(s). GO to G13.

G8 CHECK THE DEDICATED CAN CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE







Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between ground and:ABS module C135-19, circuit VCA24 (GN/OG), harness side.

ABS module C135-18, circuit VCA23 (BU/WH), harness side.


Yes REPAIR the affected circuit(s). GO to G13.

No GO to G9.

G9 CHECK RCM TERMINATING RESISTOR

Ignition OFF.

Connect: RCM C310B.

Measure the resistance between ABS module C135-18, circuit VCA23 (BU/WH), harness side and C135-19,circuit VCA24 (GN/OG), harness side.

Is the resistance between 108 and 132 ohms?

Yes GO to G10.

No GO to G11.

G10 CHECK THE ABS MODULE FOR CORRECT OPERATION








Prior to reconnecting any previously disconnected SRS component:inspect connector(s) (including any in-line connectors) for pushed-out, loose or spread terminalsand loose or frayed wire connections at terminals.

inspect wire harness for any damage, pinched, cut or pierced wires.

inspect RCM C310A and C310B Connector Position Assurance (CPA) lever/lock for correctoperation. Refer to RCM in Section 501-20B.

inspect ABS module C135 for dirt, corrosion, water intrusion, pushed out, loose or spread terminalsand loose or frayed wire connections at terminals.

repair any concerns found. Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 5, Connector Repair Procedures for schematic and connectorinformation.

Connect: All Previously Disconnected Component(s)/Connector(s).

Repower the SRS . Do not prove out the SRS at this time. Refer to Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B.


Do any of the DTCs listed in Normal Operation return?

Yes INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. GO to G13.

No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector. GO to G13.

G11 CONFIRM THE RCM FAULT


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NOTE: Make sure all restraint system components, sensor electrical connectors and the RCM electrical connectors areconnected before carrying out the self-test. If not, DTCs will be recorded.

If previously directed to repower the SRS , depower the SRS . Refer to Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B.

Prior to reconnecting any previously disconnected SRS component:inspect connector(s) (including any in-line connectors) for pushed-out, loose or spread terminalsand loose or frayed wire connections at terminals.


inspect RCM C310A and C310B CPA lever/lock for correct operation. Refer to RCM Removal andInstallation in Section 501-20B.

inspect ABS module C135 for dirt, corrosion, water intrusion, pushed out, loose or spread terminalsand loose or frayed wire connections at terminals.




Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test — RCM .

Were DTCs U0028:08 and/or U0028:88 retrieved on-demand during self-test?

Yes INSTALL a new RCM . REFER to Section 501-20B. GO to G13.

No In the process of diagnosing the fault, the fault condition has become intermittent. CHECK for causes of the intermittent fault. ATTEMPT to recreate the hard fault by flexing the wire harness andcycling the ignition frequently. ACTIVATE other systems in the same wire harness. Do not install any new SRScomponents at this time. SRS components should only be installed when directed to do so in thepinpoint test.GO to G12.

G12 CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT








Ignition OFF.

Depower the SRS . Refer to Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B.

Disconnect RCM C310B and ABS module C135:inspect connector(s) (including any in-line connectors) for corrosion, loose or spread terminals andloose or frayed wire connections at terminals.





Ignition ON.


Are any RCM DTCs retrieved on-demand during the self-test?

Yes REFER to Diagnosis and Testing in Section 501-20B.

No The fault is not present and cannot be recreated at this time. Do not install any new SRS components at thistime. SRS components should only be installed when directed to do so in the pinpoint test.GO to G13.

G13 CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL RCM AND ABS MODULE DTCs









Ignition OFF. WARNING: Turn the ignition OFF and wait one minute to deplete the backup powersupply. Failure to follow this instruction may result in serious personal injury or death in the event ofan accidental deployment.

Reconnect all SRS components (if previously disconnected).

If previously directed to depower the SRS , repower the SRS . Do not prove out the SRS at this time. Refer toSupplemental Restraint System (SRS) Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B.

Ignition ON.



Were any DTCs retrieved on-demand from the RCM or ABS module during self-test?

Yes Do not clear any DTCs until all DTCs have been resolved. GO to the appropriate DTC Chart in this sectionand/or Section 501-20B for pinpoint test direction.

No CLEAR all Continuous Memory Diagnostic Trouble Codes (CMDTCs) . PROVE OUT the SRS . REFER toSupplemental Restraint System (SRS) Depowering and Repowering in Section 501-20B. Repair is complete. RETURN the vehicle to the customer.

Pinpoint Test H: DTCs B2900 and C1805


Normal Operation

When the ignition is turned to the RUN position, the ABS module and the PCM share Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)information over the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) bus.

DTC B2900 (VIN Mismatched) — If the VIN information stored in the ABS module does not match theinformation transmitted by the PCM, DTC B2900 will set.DTC C1805 (Mismatched PCM and/or ABS Module) — If the VIN information stored in the ABS module doesnot match the information transmitted by the PCM, DTC C1805 will set.


Module configuration (ABS and PCM)ABS module

PINPOINT TEST H : DTCs B2900 AND C1805







H1 VERIFY PCM VIN


Ignition ON.

Using the scan tool, carry out the Network Test.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Log Viewer.

Compare the VIN in Log Viewer to the vehicle VIN plate.

Does VIN in Log Viewer match the vehicle VIN plate?

Yes GO to H2.

No RECONFIGURE the PCM. FOLLOW the instructions on the scan tool. CLEAR the DTCs. CYCLE the ignitionkey. REPEAT the self-test.

H2 VERIFY ABS MODULE PART NUMBER

Retrieve and record the ABS module part number from Log Viewer and verify that the vehicle has the correctABS module installed.

Is the correct ABS module installed in the vehicle?

Yes CONFIGURE the ABS module. REFER to Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the IntegratedDiagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is NOT Available in Section 418-01. CLEAR the DTC.CYCLE the ignition key. REPEAT the self-test.

No INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. CLEAR theDTC. CYCLE the ignition key. REPEAT the self-test.

Pinpoint Test I: DTCs C1288 and C1440


Normal Operation

The ABS module monitors the pressure of the hydraulic brake system through the use of a brake pressure transducer.The brake pressure transducer is internal to the Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) . The brake pressure transducer cannot beserviced separately. If a new brake pressure transducer is needed, a new HCU must be installed.

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DTC C1288 (Pressure Transducer Main/Primary Input Circuit Failure) — If there is an improper connectionbetween the ABS module and HCU , if the brake pressure transducer is faulted or if the ABS module is faultedinternally, this DTC will set.DTC C1440 (Pressure Transducer Main/Primary Signal Faulted) — If there is an improper connection betweenthe ABS module and the HCU , if there is air in the hydraulic brake system, if the brake pressure transducer isfaulted or if the ABS module is faulted internally, this DTC will set.


HCUABS module

PINPOINT TEST I : DTCs C1288 AND C1440


I1 MONITOR THE PCM BRAKE ON/OFF (BOO) PID


Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — PCM.

Press and release the brake pedal while monitoring the BOO PID.

Does the PID switch to ON with the brake pedal pressed and then to OFF with the brake pedal released?

Yes GO to I2.

No RETRIEVE any PCM DTCs. REFER to the Powertrain Control/Emissions Diagnosis (PC/ED) manual for non-communication DTCs and REFER to Section 418-00 for any communication DTCs.

I2 REVIEW THE ABS MODULE DTCs





Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Clear All ABS Module DTCs.

Ignition OFF.

Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test — ABS Module .

Retrieve and record any ABS module DTCs.

Is DTC C1288 or C1440 present?

Yes GO to I4.

No GO to I3.

I3 CHECK FOR RETURNING DTCs


Drive the vehicle in a straight line at a speed greater than 40 km/h (25 mph) for at least 60 seconds.


Retrieve and record any ABS module DTCs.


Yes For DTC C1288, GO to I5. For DTC C1440, GO to I4.

No The concern is not present at this time. For all other DTCs, REFER to the ABS Module DTC Chart.

I4 CARRY OUT THE ABS SERVICE BLEED



Carry out the Brake System Service Bleed, refer to Section 206-00. Clear the DTCs. Repeat the self-test.

Ignition ON.


Drive the vehicle in a straight line at a speed greater than 40 km/h (25 mph) for at least 60 seconds.



Yes GO to I6.

No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by air trapped in thehydraulic brake system. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

I5 CHECK THE ABS TO HCU CONNECTION

Ignition OFF.


Remove the ABS module. Refer to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section.

Inspect the ABS module-to-HCU mating surfaces for damage or contamination.Inspect the 4-pin pressure sensor connector in the ABS module and on the HCU side for damage,corrosion or contamination.

Are the ABS-to-HCU mating surfaces undamaged and free of contamination or corrosion?

Yes GO to I6.

No INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in this section. If there is visible damage to theABS module, INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section.

I6 CHECK THE ABS MAIN BRAKE PRESSURE (MPRETDR) PID








If not already done, separate the ABS module from the HCU . Refer to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Modulein this section.

With the ABS module separated from the HCU , connect ABS module C135.

Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — ABS Module .

Monitor the MPRETDR PID.

Is the PID value between 21.13K and 22.59K?

Yes INSTALL a new HCU . REFER Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. TEST thesystem for normal operation.

No INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. TEST the system for normal operation.

Pinpoint Test J: DTC C1996

Normal Operation

The ABS module uses information (wheel speed, steering wheel position, vehicles stability) received from varioussensors and modules to determine if a vehicle instability event is about to occur. If an event is going to occur, the ABSmodule will adjust brake torque at specific wheels and the PCM will reduce engine torque to make the vehicle morestable. Once the ABS module has determined that the stability event has been corrected, it will return brake and enginetorque to normal and continue to monitor the vehicle.

DTC C1996 (Active Yaw and/or Roll Control Disabled) — The ABS module monitors the stability event and isprogrammed to set DTC C1996 and disable the stability control system if the stability event lasts longer than 15seconds.


Steering wheel rotation sensor (3.5L only)Restraints Control Module (RCM)Wheel speed sensorsABS moduleHigh Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN)Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)

PINPOINT TEST J : DTC C1996

J1 CHECK FOR ABS MODULE DTCs








Are any DTCs other than C1996 present?

Yes REPAIR all other DTCs before repairing C1996. GO to the ABS Module DTC Chart in this section.

No GO to J2.

J2 CHECK RETURNING DTCs


Ignition ON.

Using the scan tool, clear all ABS module DTCs.

Cycle the ignition switch from RUN to OFF and back to RUN.

Test drive the vehicle above 49 km/h (30 mph).


Are any ABS module DTCs present?

Yes If only DTC C1996 is present, GO to J3. If DTC C1996 is present along with other DTCs, REPAIR the other DTCs before repairing DTC C1996. GO tothe ABS Module DTC Chart in this section.

No The condition is not present at this time.

J3 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR PIDs




Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — ABS Module .

While driving the vehicle, have an assistant monitor the following wheel speed sensor PIDs:Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD)

Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD)

Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD)

Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD)

Do all the PIDs match the vehicle speed and match each other?

Yes GO to J8.

No GO to J4.

J4 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR MOUNTING

Ignition OFF.


Verify the bolt of the suspect wheel speed sensor is tightened to specifications.

Is the bolt tightened to specifications?

Yes GO to J5.

No TIGHTEN the wheel speed sensor bolt to specification. REFER to Specifications in this section. CLEAR theDTCs.

J5 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR AND HARNESS FOR DAMAGE




NOTE: Examine the wheel speed sensor harness carefully with a good light source. Failure to verify damagein the sensor harness can lead to unnecessary installation of a new component.

Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor and harness for cuts, broken tabs, broken casing and/or corrosion.

Are the wheel speed sensor and harness OK?

Yes GO to J6.

No INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear,All Wheel Drive (AWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

J6 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR RING FOR DAMAGE

NOTE: Examine the wheel speed sensor ring carefully with a good light source. Failure to verify damage inthe sensor ring can lead to unnecessary installation of a new component.

Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor ring for cracks, chips or missing teeth. Rotate the wheel to verify thatno teeth are missing.

Is the wheel speed sensor ring OK?

Yes GO to J7.

No INSTALL a new wheel hub and bearing assembly (wheel speed sensor rings are part of the wheel hub andbearing assembly). Refer to the appropriate section in Group 204 for the procedure. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEATthe self-test.

J7 INSPECT THE WHEEL BEARING FOR DAMAGE AND LOOSENESS

Verify that the wheel bearing has no end-play and is undamaged.

Is the wheel bearing OK?

Yes INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor — Front, Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear,All Wheel Drive (AWD) or Wheel Speed Sensor — Rear, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) in this section. CLEAR theDTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No INSTALL a new wheel hub and bearing assembly. Refer to the appropriate section in Group 204 for theprocedure. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.









J8 CHECK THE ABS MODULE YAW RATE (YAWRATE) PID

NOTE: The vehicle must be on level ground and at a complete standstill. Any vehicle movement results infalse values for this test.

Monitor the YAWRATE PID.

Is the YAWRATE PID value between -0.05 and 0.05?

Yes GO to J9.

No GO to J11.

J9 CHECK THE ABS MODULE LATERAL ACCELERATION (LAT_ACCL) PID


Monitor the LAT_ACCL PID.

Is the LAT_ACCL PID value between -0.4 and 0.4?

Yes If the vehicle is equipped with All-Wheel Drive (AWD) , GO to J10. For all other vehicles, GO to J12.

No GO to J11.

J10 CHECK THE ABS MODULE LONGITUDINAL ACCELERATION (LONG_ACCL) PID


Monitor the LONG_ACCL PID.

Is the LONG_ACCL PID value between -0.4 and 0.4?

Yes GO to J12.

No GO to J11.

J11 CHECK THE RCM INSTALLATION AND MOUNTING SURFACE



Ignition OFF.

WARNING: Turn the ignition OFF and wait one minute to deplete the backup power supply. Failureto follow this instruction may result in serious personal injury or death in the event of an accidentaldeployment.

Gain access to the RCM and inspect the RCM installation. Make sure that the nuts are fully seated andtightened correctly. Refer to Section 501-20B.

Inspect the mounting surface for damage, corrosion or dirt.

Is the RCM installed correctly and is the mounting surface clean and free from damage?

Yes INSTALL a new RCM . REFER to Section 501-20B. TEST the system for normal operation.

No REPAIR, REINSTALL or INSTALL new as necessary. CLEAR the DTC. REPEAT the self-test.

J12 CHECK THE STEERING WHEEL ANGLE SENSOR POSITION (SWA POS) PID

NOTE: For all vehicles except those with a 3.5L engine, the steering wheel angle information is sent to the ABSmodule from the PSCM over the HS-CAN bus.

Monitor the SWA POS PID while rotating the steering wheel clockwise and counterclockwise very slowly, fromlock to lock.

Does the PID change in intervals of 1.5 degrees on vehicles with a 3.5L engine (intervals of 0.05-0.25 degreeson all other vehicles) and show a 360-degree increase for each complete revolution of the steering wheel?

Yes GO to J13.

No For vehicles equipped with a 3.5L engine, INSTALL a new steering wheel rotation sensor. REFER to SteeringWheel Rotation Sensor in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. For all other vehicles, CARRY OUT a self-test of the PSCM . REFER to Section 211-00A.

J13 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION



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pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.


Make sure the ABS module electrical connector is fully seated, then operate the system and verify theconcern is still present.




Pinpoint Test K: DTCs C109D, C109E and C109F


Normal Operation

The vacuum sensor is used by the ABS module to determine if hydraulic pump intervention is necessary due to loss ofvacuum. The ABS module sends a 5-volt reference voltage to the sensor, the sensor compares the pressure in thebooster to the ambient air pressure in the engine compartment and sends a varying voltage back to the ABS modulebased on the difference between the pressures. Normally, the pressure in the booster is much lower than ambient airpressure, as the pressure in the booster gets higher (closer to matching ambient air pressure), the lower the voltage sentback to the ABS module becomes.

When the vacuum in the brake booster falls below a predetermined level, the ABS module will command the hydraulicpump motor to activate on the next (and any subsequent) brake pedal application to assist with vehicle braking. The ABSmodule will continue to use the pump motor for braking assist as long as the low vacuum condition exists.

The 5-volt reference voltage is sent to the sensor along circuit LCA37 (YE/OG), sensor output returns to the ABS modulealong circuit VCA38 (BN/VT) and the sensor is grounded through the ABS module along circuit RCA37 (WH/BU).

DTC C109D (Low Vacuum Condition Detected) — This DTC is set when the optimized hydraulic brake systemis activated and does not necessarily indicate a concern with the vacuum sensor, the related wiring or the ABSmodule. This DTC most likely indicates a vacuum concern in the brake booster, engine and any related vacuum

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hoses/tubes. High altitude locations with low ambient air temperatures can cause a low vacuum condition toexist in the booster until the engine compartment warms up.DTC C109E (Vacuum Sensor Circuit Fault) — If, during normal operation or the ABS module on-demand selftest, the ABS module detects an open circuit, a short to voltage or a short to ground on the vacuum sensorcircuits, DTC C109E will be set. Also, a failure of the vacuum sensor will cause DTC C109E to be set.DTC C109F (Vacuum Sensor Signal Fault) — The vacuum sensor has 4 ambient air pressure inlet ports (2 oneach side). If these ports become restricted or clogged, DTC C109F will be set.


Wiring, terminals or connectorsVacuum sensorABS module

PINPOINT TEST K : DTCs C109D, C109E AND C109F


K1 CHECK THE ABS MODULE DTCs


Was DTC C109D the only recorded DTC?

Yes GO to K2.

No If DTC C109E and/or C109F was retrieved, GO to K6. For all other DTCs, REFER to the ABS Module DTC Chart in this section.

K2 CHECK DTC RETURNABILITY



Using the scan tool, clear the ABS module DTCs.

Ignition OFF.

Disconnect the scan tool.

Start the engine.

NOTE: It may take up to 3 minutes for DTC C109D to set.

Allow the vehicle to idle for a minimum of 4 minutes.

Ignition OFF.


Ignition ON.


Is DTC C109D the only vacuum sensor DTC present?

Yes GO to K3.

No If DTC C109E and/or C109F was retrieved, GO to K6. For all other DTCs, REFER to the ABS Module DTC Chart in this section.

K3 CHECK THE ENGINE VACUUM

Carry out the Intake Manifold Vacuum Test, refer to Diagnosis and Testing in Section 303-00.

Record the vacuum reading.

Does the vacuum gauge indicate normal vacuum?

Yes GO to K4.

No FOLLOW the diagnostic direction as laid out in Section 303-00.

K4 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER

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Carry out the Brake Booster Component Test, refer to Diagnosis and Testing in Section 206-00.

Do the brake booster and check valve pass the component test?

Yes GO to K5.

No REPAIR or INSTALL new as necessary. CLEAR the DTC. REPEAT the self-test.

K5 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER VACUUM LEVEL PID


Start the engine.


Compare the recorded vacuum reading to the brake booster vacuum level PID.

Does the PID match the recorded vacuum reading?

Yes INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. TEST Thesystem for normal operation.

No INSTALL a new brake booster vacuum sensor. REFER to Section 206-07. CLEAR the DTCs. TEST the systemfor normal operation.

K6 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER VACUUM SENSOR

Inspect the vacuum sensor ambient air pressure inlet ports.

Are all 4 ports free of contamination and/or foreign material?

Yes GO to K7.

No REPAIR or INSTALL a new vacuum sensor as necessary. REFER to Section 206-07. CLEAR the DTCs.REPEAT the self-test.

K7 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER VACUUM SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND







Ignition OFF.


Disconnect: Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor C1603.

Measure the resistance between ground and:brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-1, circuit VCA38 (BN/VT), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-2, circuit RCA37 (WH/BU), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-3, circuit LCA37 (YE/OG), harness side.

Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms?

Yes GO to K8.


K8 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER VACUUM SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN

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Measure the resistance between the ABS module C135, harness side and the brake booster vacuum sensorC1603, harness side as indicated in the following chart:

ABS Module Circuit Vacuum Sensor

C135-30 VCA38 (BN/VT) C1603-1

C135-27 RCA37 (WH/BU) C1603-2

C135-26 LCA37 (YE/OG) C1603-3


Yes GO to K9.


K9 CHECK THE BRAKE BOOSTER VACUUM SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TOGETHER











Measure the resistance between:brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-1, circuit VCA38 (BN/VT), harness side and brake boostervacuum sensor C1603-2, circuit RCA37 (WH/BU), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-1, circuit VCA38 (BN/VT), harness side and brake boostervacuum sensor C1603-3, circuit LCA37 (YE/OG), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-2, circuit RCA37 (WH/BU), harness side, and brake boostervacuum sensor C1603-3, circuit LCA37 (YE/OG), harness side.


Yes GO to K10.


K10 CHECK THE ACTIVE BRAKE BOOSTER CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE









Ignition ON.

Measure the voltage between ground and:brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-1, circuit VCA38 (BN/VT), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-2, circuit RCA37 (WH/BU), harness side.

brake booster vacuum sensor C1603-3, circuit LCA37 (YE/OG), harness side.



No GO to K11.

K11 CHECK THE ABS MODULE CONNECTORS

Check ABS module C135 for:corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.




Yes INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module in this section. TEST thesystem for normal operation.


Pinpoint Test L: Poor Vehicle Tracking During Anti-Lock Function









Normal Operation

The operating voltage required to supply the ABS module, hydraulic pump and isolation valves is in a range between 10and 16 volts. The ABS module uses input from several different sensors (wheel speed sensors, Brake PedalPosition (BPP) switch, sensor cluster, etc.) to determine if an ABS event is necessary. If an ABS event is necessary, theABS module will command the hydraulic pump motor on and command the Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) to actuate theappropriate solenoids. During an ABS event, the front and rear end of the vehicle should track true to the direction oftravel along the vehicle centerline unless driver input dictates otherwise, there is an internal issue with the HCU or anissue with the base brake system (caliper, tubes, etc.) that allows one or more wheels to lock up.

Fused battery voltage is supplied to the ABS module from Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 10 (30A) along circuit SBB10(YE/RD) and fuse 8 (40A) along circuit SBB08 (VT/RD). Fused ignition voltage is supplied to the ABS module from SmartJunction Box (SJB) fuse 42 (10A) along CBP42 (GN) and ground is provided to the module along circuit GD123 (BK/GY).


Base brake systemHCU

PINPOINT TEST L : POOR VEHICLE TRACKING DURING ANTI-LOCK FUNCTION

L1 BLEED THE BRAKE SYSTEM

Bleed the brake system using the scan tool. Refer to Section 206-00.

Test drive the vehicle.

Does the vehicle track correctly?

Yes The brake system is operating correctly. The concern may have been caused by air in the hydraulic system or asticking valve in the HCU .

No GO to L2.

L2 VERIFY VEHICLE TRACKING DURING NON-ABS BRAKING

Test drive the vehicle and verify vehicle tracking during normal braking.

Does the vehicle track correctly during normal braking?

Yes GO to L3.

No The condition could be caused by a base brake component or vehicle alignment. REFER to Section 206-00 toverify base brake components and REFER to Section 204-00 to verify suspension components.

L3 CHECK THE ABS INLET VALVE (CLOSED POSITION)



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Rotate all the wheels to make sure they rotate freely (the transaxle must be in NEUTRAL).


Ignition ON.

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger — ABS.

Apply moderate brake pedal effort.

Toggle the left front inlet valve (LF_INLET) active command ON and at the same time, have an assistantattempt to rotate the LF wheel.

Does the LF wheel rotate?

Yes TOGGLE the LF_INLET output command OFF. GO to L4.

No TOGGLE the LF_INLET output command OFF. INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)in this section. TEST the system for normal operation.

L4 CHECK THE ABS INLET VALVE (OPEN POSITION)


Have an assistant attempt to rotate the LF wheel.


Yes INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in this section. TEST the system for normaloperation.

No GO to L5.

L5 CHECK THE ABS OUTPUT VALVE (OPEN POSITION)







NOTE: Each activation of the output command will run the pump for 2 seconds.

Toggle the following active commands ON:LF_INLET

Left front outlet valve (LF_OUTLET)

Hydraulic pump motor (PMP_MOTOR)At the same time, have an assistant attempt to rotate the LF wheel.


Yes TOGGLE all output commands OFF. GO to L6.

No TOGGLE all output commands OFF. INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in thissection. TEST the system for normal operation.

L6 CHECK THE ABS INLET AND OUTLET VALVE (CLOSED POSITION)


Have an assistant attempt to rotate the LF wheel.


Yes INSTALL a new HCU . REFER to Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) in this section. TEST the system for normaloperation.

No Beginning with Step L3, REPEAT this procedure for the RF, LR and RR wheels using the appropriate outputcommands. If no failure occurs, the system is operating normally.

Pinpoint Test M: The Stability/Traction Control System Cannot Be Disabled

Normal Operation

The traction control portion of the AdvanceTrac® can be disabled by pressing the traction control switch located on theinstrument panel center finish panel. When the system is disabled, the sliding car OFF icon in the Instrument PanelCluster (IPC) will illuminate solidly. On MKZ vehicles, the traction control switch is part of the Front Controls InterfaceModule (FCIM) . On Fusion and Milan vehicles, the traction control switch is part of the ambient lighting switch.





The IPC sends 5 volts to the traction control switch along circuit CCA15 (YE/GY). When the traction control switch ispressed, this voltage is sent through the switch and to ground along circuit GD116 (BK/VT). When the IPC detects thisground, it sends a message to the PCM and the ABS module along the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN)bus that the driver has disabled the system. An open circuit or a defective traction control switch will prevent the systemfrom being disabled, but will not set a DTC.

DTC C0089:11 (TCS Disable Switch: Circuit Short to Ground) — If the IPC detects the ground signal during the on-demand self test or if circuit CCA15 (YE/GY) is shorted to ground, DTC C0089:11 will be set. Also, if the traction controlswitch is held or stuck closed for more than 2 minutes during normal operation, DTC C0089:11 will be set.


Wiring, terminals or connectorsTraction control switchIPC

PINPOINT TEST M : THE STABILITY/TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM CANNOT BE DISABLED


M1 CHECK FOR ANY COMMUNICATION DTCs


Ignition ON.

Check the IPC , the PCM and the ABS module for any communication DTCs.

Are any communication DTCs present?

Yes For ABS communication DTCs, GO to the ABS Module DTC Chart. For IPC and PCM communication DTCs, REFER to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart in Section 419-10.

No GO to M2.

M2 ISOLATE THE TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH




Ignition OFF.

Disconnect: FCIM C2402 (MKZ).

Disconnect: Traction Control/Ambient Lighting Switch C2304 (Fusion/Milan).

For Fusion or Milan, measure the resistance between traction control/ambient lighting switch C2304 pin-7and pin-1, component side, while pressing and releasing the traction control switch.

For MKZ, measure the resistance between FCIM C2402 pin-7 and pin-8, component side, while pressing andreleasing the switch.

Is the resistance less than 5 ohms with the switch pressed and greater than 10,000 ohms with the switchreleased?

Yes GO to M3.

No For Fusion or Milan, INSTALL a new traction control switch. REFER to Traction Control Switch in this section.For MKZ, INSTALL a new FCIM . REFER to Section 415-00. TEST the system for normal operation.

M3 CHECK THE TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH GROUND CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN

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For Fusion or Milan, measure the resistance between traction control/ambient lighting switch C2304-1,circuit GD116 (BK/VT), harness side and ground.

For MKZ, measure the resistance between FCIM C2402-8, circuit GD116 (BK/VT), harness side and ground.


Yes GO to M4.

No REPAIR circuit GD116 (BK/VT). TEST the system for normal operation.

M4 CHECK THE TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN





Disconnect: IPC C220.

For Fusion or Milan, measure the resistance between traction control/ambient lighting switch C2304-7,circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side and IPC C220-18, circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side.

For MKZ, measure the resistance between FCIM C2402-7, circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side and IPCC220-18, circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side.


Yes GO to M5.

No REPAIR circuit CCA15 (YE/GY). TEST the system for normal operation.

M5 CHECK THE TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND

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For Fusion or Milan, measure the resistance between traction control/ambient lighting switch C2304-7,circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side and ground.

For MKZ, measure the resistance between FCIM C2402-7, circuit CCA15 (YE/GY), harness side and ground.

Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms?

Yes GO to M6.

No REPAIR circuit CCA15 (YE/GY). TEST the system for normal operation.

M6 CHECK FOR CORRECT IPC OPERATION





Ignition OFF.

Check IPC C220 for:corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.

Connect: IPC C220.

Make sure the connector is seated correctly, then operate the system and verify the concern is still present.


Yes INSTALL a new IPC . REFER to Section 413-01. TEST the system for normal operation.

No The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector.

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