SAY GOOD BY TO SAY GOOD BY TO TOBACCO TOBACCO

Sreeraj.V.TSreeraj.V.T Jr.Health InspectorJr.Health Inspector

PHC Udayagiri PHC Udayagiri

What is Tobacco?What is Tobacco? Tobacco is a plant that has been known to Tobacco is a plant that has been known to

release dangerous chemicals when burnt.release dangerous chemicals when burnt. Tobacco comes in various methods such as:Tobacco comes in various methods such as:

– Chewing TobaccoChewing Tobacco– Smoking (cigarettes)Smoking (cigarettes)– PipesPipes– CigarsCigars

ALL OF THESE METHODS ARE DEADLY!!!!ALL OF THESE METHODS ARE DEADLY!!!! If you smoke cigarettes, you are not only If you smoke cigarettes, you are not only

effecting yourself, but people around you as effecting yourself, but people around you as well, by second-hand smoke.well, by second-hand smoke.

The MethodsThe MethodsCigarette

Cigarette is made from dried up tobacco chopped up and rolled in a piece of paper. When Cigarette is burnt, it releases dangerous chemical gases such as carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide.

Cigars

A dried up roll of tobacco that is much more dangerous than a Cigarette. A cigar has no filter like a cigarette, so the poisonous gases does for damage to your lungs, etc.

Chewing Tobacco

Chewing Tobacco is also made from chopped up tobacco. It is placed between the gum and teeth. The tobacco is crushed by the teeth to release the nicotine.

Pipe

Pipe is a tool for smoking. Tobacco is placed in the chamber and burnt. The smoke then gets inhaled into the lung through the stem and mouthpiece.

Cigarette Smoking is the Cigarette Smoking is the principle cause of Premature principle cause of Premature

DeathDeath

1 tobacco related death 1 tobacco related death every 6 secondsevery 6 seconds

WHAT IS AT STAKE?

= 10 million annual = 10 million annual deaths by 2030 deaths by 2030

1 Billion deaths in 21st Century

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Unless urgent action is taken, tobacco will kill 1 billion people this century

World Health Organization

Tobacco Is Now the World’s Leading Tobacco Is Now the World’s Leading Single Agent of DeathSingle Agent of Death

Prevalence of Tobacco use in Prevalence of Tobacco use in IndiaIndia

Below 35% : 2 statesPunjab and Goa

Between 35 - 50% : 8 statesAndhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu,

Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and

Delhi

Between 50 – 65% : 8 statesGujarat, Rajasthan,

Jammu&Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Jarkhand,

Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh

Above 65% : 11statesMadhya Pradesh, Bihar,

Chattisgarh, Orissa, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram,

Nagaland

7

50

13

61

11

57

Urban Rural Total

Women Men

• Any Tobacco Use – Prevelance: 57%• Currently smoke Cigarette or Bidi: 32.7%• Currently chews pan masala, ghutkas or other tobacco: 36.5%

• About 7% of male aged 13-15 yrs smoke cigarettes in India

TOBACCO & MEN

CIGARETTE SMOKE CONTAINS 4000 POISONS

More than 4,000 substances More than 4,000 substances have been identified in have been identified in

cigarette smokecigarette smoke

Nicotine increases Nicotine increases systolic and diastolic systolic and diastolic

blood pressureblood pressure

Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking antigenic, cytotoxic, antigenic, cytotoxic,

mutagenic, carcinogenicmutagenic, carcinogenic

Normal lung and Smokers Normal lung and Smokers lunglung

CLINICAL CLINICAL AFFECTSAFFECTS

Cardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases CancerCancer Respiratory DiseasesRespiratory Diseases Pregnancy related Pregnancy related

complicationscomplications Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal

disordersdisorders DepressionDepression

TOBACCO AND CANCERSTOBACCO AND CANCERS Lung Lung Mouth (oral)Mouth (oral) Throat (Pharynx & Throat (Pharynx &

Larynx)Larynx) Food Pipe (Oesophagus)Food Pipe (Oesophagus) Urinary BladderUrinary Bladder Other Sites Other Sites

OTHER DISEASESOTHER DISEASES Chronic Bronchitis Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Emphysema AsthmaAsthma CataractCataract Tuberculosis Tuberculosis DiabetesDiabetes Still Birth and Low Birth WeightStill Birth and Low Birth Weight > 25 Diseases > 25 Diseases

CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS OF SMOKINGCARDIOVASCULAR RISKS OF SMOKING

100% Increase in Risk

300% Increase in Risk

Stroke; CHD; Impotence

Death from undiagnosed CHD

> 300 % Increase in Risk

Peripheral Arterial Disease

400 % Increase in RiskAortic Aneurysm

CLOGGINCLOGGING OF G OF CORONARCORONARY Y ARTERIESARTERIES

Emphysema LungEmphysema Lung

ACTIVE ACTIVE SMOKINGSMOKING

PASSIVE PASSIVE SMOKINGSMOKING

What is Second Hand What is Second Hand Smoke Smoke

Second-hand smoke: that is Second-hand smoke: that is inhaled involuntarily or inhaled involuntarily or passively by someone who is passively by someone who is not smoking. not smoking.

Second-hand smoke is also Second-hand smoke is also called involuntary smoking or called involuntary smoking or passive smokingpassive smoking

Second hand smoke causes Second hand smoke causes serious Health Hazards serious Health Hazards

– Lung cancer -risk up 24%Lung cancer -risk up 24%

– Heart diseases -risk up 25%Heart diseases -risk up 25%

– Asthma attacksAsthma attacks

– Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (cot death)Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (cot death)

– Childhood respiratory diseasesChildhood respiratory diseases

– Chronic cough, phlegm, and wheezing Chronic cough, phlegm, and wheezing

– Chest discomfortChest discomfort

– Lowered lung function Lowered lung function

PASSIVE SMOKING (ETS)PASSIVE SMOKING (ETS) Second Hand Smoke increase risk ofSecond Hand Smoke increase risk of

– Cancer by 30%Cancer by 30%– Heart attack by 25%Heart attack by 25%

in spouse of the smokerin spouse of the smoker

Increased risk of asthma and lung Increased risk of asthma and lung disease in children disease in children

TOBACCO & TOBACCO & WOMENWOMEN

Main cause of oral Main cause of oral cancer is chewing cancer is chewing

of Tobaccoof Tobacco

ECONOMIC COSTS OF TOBACCOECONOMIC COSTS OF TOBACCO

Health Care: Just for 3 diseasesHealth Care: Just for 3 diseases (Coronary Heart Disease; Cancer; (Coronary Heart Disease; Cancer;

Chronic Lung Disease)Chronic Lung Disease)

Health Care cost in 2002 – 2003 was Rs. Health Care cost in 2002 – 2003 was Rs. 308.33 Billion (USD 7.2 Billion)308.33 Billion (USD 7.2 Billion)

Tobacco also has: Environmental costs Tobacco also has: Environmental costs & Social costs & Social costs

Pictorial Health Warnings Pictorial Health Warnings (Globally) (Globally)

More Pictorial Health Warnings More Pictorial Health Warnings from Thailandfrom Thailand

Pictorial Health Warnings Pictorial Health Warnings from Brazilfrom Brazil

Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Cigarettes and Other Tobacco ProductsProducts

(Prohibition of Advertisement (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulationand Regulation

of Trade and Commerce, of Trade and Commerce, Production,Production,

Supply and Distribution) Act, Supply and Distribution) Act, 2003 (COTPA)2003 (COTPA)

Section 4: Ban on Smoking in Public Places

Secondhand smoke (passive smoking) of smoke causes many diseases like lung cancer, respiratory diseases, heart disease, breast cancer, asthma, bronchitis. In some cases, it can trigger severe, even life-threatening reactions in individuals.

Children are the worst affected. It causes sudden infant death syndrome.

People working, especially in the food service industry are affected.

Ban on smoking in public places would prevent damage to the health of non smokers and smokers

Section 5: Ban on Advertisements of Tobacco Products

In India children and the youth have been greatly influenced by tobacco advertisements, especially those for cigarettes and gutka which definitely harms their health.

Advertisements and placing of the product at a low height and next to candies at points of sale is a strategy they use to give undesirable exposure and access to children.

A study found that children who had seen sports events being sponsored by a tobacco company were more likely to start smoking. This was during the period when a cigarette company sponsored cricket matches.

Many tobacco industries are promoting tobacco products to target women.

This provision would prevent women and children from being influenced by glamorized advertisements of tobacco products.

Section 6: Prohibition of Sale of Tobacco Products to and by Minors

.

18 വയസ്സില്‍ താഴെ� പ്ര�ായമുള്ളവര്‍ക്ക്

�ുകയില ഉല്‍പ്പന്നങ്ങള്‍ വില്‍ക്കുന്നത് ശിക്ഷാര്‍

ഹമാണ്.

വിദ്യാലയങ്ങളുഴെ% 400

മീറ്റര്‍ ദൂര �രിധിയില്‍

�ുകയില ഉത് �ന്നങ്ങള്‍

വില്‍ക്കുവാന്‍ �ാ%ില്ല.

Section 7: Specified Health Warning Labels on all Tobacco Products

Images help smokers visualize the nature of tobacco-related diseases and convey health messages in a clearer way.

Pictorial health warnings are intended to serve as visual cues to prompt smokers to take action to quit. They are designed to shock people into realizing that smoking kills and causes serious illness.

Pictorial warnings also make the health warnings accessible to those who are illiterate.

They are effective tool in conveying health risks to the tobacco users. It also has an impact on intention and ability to quit.

In countries like Brazil, Canada and Thailand many pictorial warnings have helped in decreasing consumption of tobacco products

Section 7(5): Every tobacco package to have nicotine and tar contents along with the

maximum permissible limits

Nicotine and tar are carcinogensNicotine and tar contents along with permissible

limits should mentioned on the packagesHaving them on the package would help people

making an informed choice

Increasing Tax and Price of Tobacco Products

Price and tax measures are an effective and important means of reducing tobacco consumption by various segments of the population, in particular young persons.

Implementing tax policies and price policies, on tobacco products would contribute to the health objectives aimed at reducing tobacco consumption.

This measure acts as a demand reduction measure for tobacco products.

Tobacco thrills , but it kills.