Anti- ulcer drugs

Bipul DekaRoll No: 05

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University

ULCER

Cause of peptic Ulcer:

Destruction of the intestinal mucosal lining of the stomach by hydrochloric acid.

Infection with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori,

Or by long-term use of aspirin or other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen

• Therapeutic aims: (a) to relieve pain;

(b) to accelerate healing; and

(c) to prevent ulcer recurrence.

• Therapeutic approaches are threefold : (I) to reduce aggressive forces by lowering H+ output,

(II) to increase protective forces by means of mucoprotectants; and

(III) to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.

Basic types of Anti-ulcer drugs:I. Lowering of Acid

Concentration

Agents for acid neutralization

Inhibitors of acid production

II. Protective Drugs

III. Eradication of

Helicobacter pylori

Agents for acid neutralization

•Absorbable Antacids Ex: NaHCO3•Nonabsorbable Antacids Ex: CaCO3

Inhibitors of acid production:• H2-Antihistaminics

• Proton pump inhibitors

• Cholinoceptor antagonist

II. Protective Drugs

Sucralfate

Misoprostol

a semisynthetic prostaglandin derivative with greater stability than natural prostaglandin

Locally released prostaglandins (PGF2α, PGE2) promote mucus production in superficial cellsand inhibit acid secretion ofparietal cells

III. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

The combination of antibacterial drugs and omeprazolehas proved effective.

References:

“Color Atlas of Pharmacology” by Heinz Lüllmann, Lutz Hein, Klaus Mohr and Detlef Bieger.Goodman & Gilman’s “Manual of Pharmacology & Therapeutics”.“Essentials of Medical Pharmacology” by KD TRIPATHI.“A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics” by JAMES M RITTER, LIONEL D LEWIS and TIMOTHY GK MANT.Internet Sources.