“quantitative pressures assessment”ribamap.ormansu.gov.tr/shared/files/tr_1461920293.pdf · •...

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“QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES ASSESSMENT”

Water Balance and Exploitation Rate

Calculation. Examples

Aim: To show several examples of both the water balance and the exploitation rate

calculation in two ground water bodies for each River Basin District.

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES ASSESSMENT

High Risk

Medium Risk

Low Risk

Without Risk

RISKS ASSESSMENT

Significant Pressure

No Significant Pressure

No data

Verified Impact

Likely Impact

No apparent impact

No data

Impact Analysis

Pressures Identification

Human Activities

Impact Indicators

vs

Thresholds Pressure Indicators

vs

Thresholds

Pre

ss

ure

Impact

Risk of not meeting the

Environmental Objectives

for each type of Pressure

and Impact GROUNDWATER BODY

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES

GROUNDWATER BALANCE AND EXPLOTATION RATE CALCULATION

1. Analysis of available data (water level, springs, wells, irrigation areas, DEM, geology)

2. Hydrogeological understanding of the GWBs

3. Identify inputs (infiltrations, lateral transfers, recharge areas)

4. Identify environmental flows (for GW)

5. Identify outputs (Abstractions)

6. Available Groundwater Resource (AGR)

7. Calculate ER


QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES KONYA CLOSED BASIN EXAMPLE

Input Data:

• In the tables of Master Plan reports rain infiltration is defined, according to the outcrops of lithology

and topographical levels.

• In the case that a lithology is considered to be impermeable, rain infiltration is quantified as Zero.

Rain infiltration:

LONG-TERM AVERAGE RECHARGE (LTAAR):



Input Data:

• In the tables of Master Plan reports rain infiltration is defined, according to the outcrops of lithology

and topographical levels.

• In the case that a lithology is considered to be impermeable, rain infiltration is quantified as Zero.

Data Processing and Outputs:

• Estimation of the infiltration for each water body is made through a GIS calculation so that surface of

each aquifer formation within each GWB has been extracted and also for each sub basin.

• Applying the proportion of the surface within GWB and sub basin, it has been possible to calculate the

infiltration volume of each lithology present in the each water body.

• These resulting volumes have been added to obtain the total rain infiltration of each GWB.

Rain infiltration:





TR16YAS01001

plQ1

Area (km2) 900.8 869.8

% 100% 96.6%

Volume (hm3) 35.34 34.1

plQ2

Area (km2) 161 159.6

% 100% 99.1%

Volume (hm3) 1.87 1.9

n3

Area (km2) 1047.4 1047.4

% 100% 100%

Volume (hm3) 40.99 41.0

pl1

Area (km2) 160.5 160.5

% 100% 100%

Volume (hm3) 0 0.0

TOTAL INF. (hm3) Sub-basin No. 16_1

187.47

TOTAL GWB INF. (hm3)

121.9 77.0


.

Irrigation Recharge Return:

• Irrigation recharge return has not been taken into account, since there is no information in that regard

in the Master Plan.


Losses in Surface Streams

Input Data:

• Quantitative date on recharge by losses in the surface water (streams/rivers/lakes) is only stated in

the sub basin No. 2 in the Master Plan.

• It is studied on how GWB is affected and it is recorded.




.

Transfers from/to other groundwater bodies:


• Always taking into account the hydrogeological functioning, once water balances in GWBs with excess

are calculated, it is incorporated as data of “Transfers from others groundwater bodies” in recipient

GWBs.

• The result of equation: AGR – LTAAQ. This transfer is a positive number in the GWB that receives

water (transfer from) and this number is negative if GWB provides water (transfer to).

• When the conceptual model indicates that excess of one GWB is received by various GWBs, expert

judgment is applied to decide what percentage of the remaining water is received by each GWB.



Recharge zones that can recharge GWBs also have been taken into account, such as mountains and areas

that have not been considered as GWBs, but in some cases they may be converted in an important

source of water. In this case, the same methodology to calculate volumes as in the case of the term

“Infiltration of rainwater” is applied, however crossing is made with the delineated boundaries as

recharge areas.


Transfers from recharge areas:



In Master Plan reports a section entitled “Yeraltısuyu Yıllık Emniyetli Verimi” is included, where for each

sub basin a percentage of “safe groundwater reserve” that varies between 70 and 90 % is indicated.

Remaining water that do not quantified as “safe groundwater reserve” (varies between 10 and 30 %), is

estimated as “Environmental flows” for each GWB included in each sub basin.

LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL FLOW NEEDS (EFN):

Environmental flows :



As the guide nº 18 explains, “the available groundwater resource (AGR) means the long-term annual

average rate of overall recharge to the body of groundwater (LTAAR) minus the long-term annual rate of

flow required to achieve the ecological quality for associated surface waters, avoid any significant

diminution on the ecological status and avoid any significant damage to groundwater dependent

terrestrial ecosystems” (EFN).

“The available groundwater resource is an approximate value, based on recharge and the low flow

requirements to support the ecology in surface water bodies and terrestrial ecosystems that are

dependent on the groundwater body”.

AVAILABLE GROUNDWATER RESOURCE (AGR):



Therefore, the formula applied is:

AGR = LTAAR - EFN

In the case of LTAAR, the Consortium has broken this term down and considered each of the following

significant flows:

- Infiltration of rain

- Irrigation recharge return

- Losses in surface streams

- Transfers from (or to) others groundwater bodies

- Transfers from recharge areas

In the case of EFNs, it has not been broken down.

Each significant flow’s estimation for different river basins is detailed in the specific methodology

chapter of each river basin, given that information of departure is different and it has not been possible

to apply the same methodology in their estimation.




Abstractions for agriculture are defined in Master Plan reports for each sub basin and are divided in two

types (public irrigation and private /particular irrigation). Related layers with this information “HALK

Sulama” and “DSI Sulama” have been studied but they are not considered to be adequate to apply the

criteria of proportionality.

Therefore, distribution for each of the groundwater bodies from the total abstractions estimated for

each sub basin by taking into account CORINE LAND COVER (2006) layers.

In this way, they are obtained through a GIS calculation, existing irrigation surface within each GWB as

well as within each sub basin and corresponding proportionality factors have been applied.

ABSTRACTION OF SIGNIFICANT QUANTITIES OF GROUNDWATER (LTAAQ ):

Agriculture:



Also water supply (drinking water and domestic uses) data for each sub-basin is provided in the Master

Plan. So, it is decided to calculate the urban surface of GWB regarding the total surface of each sub-basin

and to apply that percentage. CORINE LAND COVER (2006) is used to determine the urban surface

corresponding to each GWB.


Water supply:



In the case of industrial abstractions, related information is also available in Master Plans. The same

process described above for water supply applies here; using only surfaces of industrial areas defined in

CORINE LAND COVER (2006).


Industry:



Town

Industrial or commercial units, mineral mining sites

Irrigated Agricultural Lands

Non-Irrigated Agricultural Areas

Pastures

Olive groves, vineyards

Forest Areas

Natural meadows, rare plant areas

Coast, beach, sandy, bare rock, burnt. and Swamp

Aquatic ecosistems

Town




Pastures


Forest Areas



Aquatic ecosistems

Town




Pastures


Forest Areas



Aquatic ecosistems

Town




Pastures


Forest Areas



Aquatic ecosistems

7341 3068.9

100 41.8

381.8 348

100 91.1

34.56 31.5

66.7 59.99

100 89.9

URBAN 8.69 7.8

INDUSTRY 9.64 8.7

km2

%

Volumen (Hm3)

TR16YAS01001

km2

%

IRRIGATION AREAS

CORINE

km2

%

Volumen (hm3)

AREA TR16YAS01001

TOWNS + INDUSTRY

CORINE

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES KONYA CLOSED BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR16YAS02001


QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES Identify inputs (infiltrations, lateral transfers, recharge areas)

GROUNDWATER BALANCE (TR 16 YAS 002 001)

LONG-TERM AVERAGE RECHARGE (LTAAR)

Component Volume (hm3/year)

Infiltration of rain 240.6

Irrigation recharge return -

Losses in surface streams 162

Transfers from others groundwater bodies 27

Transfers to others groundwater bodies -

Transfers from recharge areas 140.5

Total 570.1


Konya Closed Basin

LTAAR: means the long-term annual average rate of overall recharge to the

body of groundwater

PlQ1 98,5 hm3

PlQ2 22,3 hm3

n1 85 hm3

n3 23,9 hm3

Pl1 10,8 hm3

13,2 hm3 from TR 16 YAS 2002

13,7 hm3 from TR 16 YAS 2003

Majority of M outcrops

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES Identify outputs (Abstractions)


LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL FLOW NEEDS (EFN)


Environmental Flows 142.5


LTAAQ: Long-Term Annual Average Rate of Abstraction should include all

abstractions from the groundwater body.

EFN: long-term annual rate of flow

required to achieve the ecological

quality for associated surface waters,

avoid any significant diminution on

the ecological status and avoid any

significant damage to groundwater

dependent terrestrial ecosystems


LONG TERM ANNUAL AVERAGE RATE OF ABSTRACTION (LTAAQ)


Agriculture 956.3

Water supply 55.6

Industry 23

Total 1034.9

Konya Closed Basin

25 % of LTAAR (provides by Master Plan)

97,9 % or irrigation areas in this subbasin

97,7 % or urban or industrial areas in this subbasin


EXPLOITATION RATE (ER = LTAAQ / AGR )

Index Rate

ER 2.42


AVAILABLE GROUNDWATER RESOURCE (AGR = LTAAR - EFN)


Available Resources 427.6

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES Groundwater Balance

ER > 1 Significant Pressure


The Exploitation Rate (ER) is the rate used to define whether the

pressure due to abstractions is significant or not. Established

threshold is 1.

AGR: Available Groundwater Resource is an approximate value,

based on recharge and the low flow requirements to support the

ecology in surface water bodies and terrestrial ecosystems that are

dependent on the groundwater body.

Konya Closed Basin

AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

Recharge areas

Transfer from GWB

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES KONYA CLOSED BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR16YAS04001


Konya Closed Basin





Infiltration of rain 118


Losses in surface streams -

Transfers from others groundwater bodies 115


Transfers from recharge areas 147.6

Total 326.2


Konya Closed Basin


body of groundwater

PlQ1 75,7 hm3

PlQ2 19,4 hm3

n3 22,9 hm3

115 hm3 from TR 16 YAS 4002

Recharge from south outcrops










Agriculture 277.5

Water supply 14.6

Industry 7.6

Total 299.7

Konya Closed Basin









dependent terrestrial ecosystems 10 % of LTAAR (provides by Master Plan)

90,6 % or irrigation areas in this subbasin

64,6 % or urban or industrial areas in this subbasin



Index Rate

ER 0.88






ER < 1 No Significant Pressure


Konya Closed Basin



threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES SUSURLUK RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE

In the case of GWBs TR03YAS05004, infiltration rate provided in the Master Plan is for an alluvial aquifer

formation whose outcrop surface is smaller than GWB’s surface. Given that this GWB is entirely

composed of alluvial aquifer, an infiltration rate whose value is 0.361 hm3/km2/year has been applied to

the whole surface of the GWB. By dividing the volume of infiltration by the surface of aquifer formation,

an average infiltration for unit of surface is obtained. In this way, when % of infiltration is not available,

with the surface of GWBs it has been possible to estimate the volume of infiltration.

In the case of GWBs TR03YAS08001, since existence of a possible error in the abstraction data of the

granite aquifer formation in the Master Plan (Q=4.83 hm3/year) has been detected, infiltration and

abstraction rates of YAS provided by DSI (YAS-3-002 y YAS3-003) has been applied. The same as in the

previous case, an infiltration rate has been applied for each lithology (0.163 hm3/km2/year for the alluvial

aquifer, and 0.004 hm3/km2/year for aquifer formed by granite and granodiorite).

Rain infiltration:




.


• Return from irrigation has not been taken into account, since there is no information in that regard.



• Recharge by losses in surface water (rivers/lakes) only has been introduced in the first three GWBs,

given that for the moment there is no more data on that subject




.



• Excess water of GWBs that we have identified previously has been calculated (general hydro

geological functioning of the basin). Forms are filled; firstly by identifying how much excess water

exists in each GWB (AGR – LTAAQ) and which GWBs receives contributions from other GWBs. This

transfer is a positive number in the GWB that receives water (transfer from) and this number is

negative if GWB provides water (transfer to).

• There are cases where excess of water may go towards two or more different GWBs, in these cases,

depending on the existing contacts and geology, topography etc. it will be decided which percentage

receives each GWB according to “expert judgment”.



30% of inputs are decided to apply by default except for the GWBs on which there is data available

(TR03YAS01003, TR03YAS05004, TR03YAS08001).






AGR = LTAAR - EFN


significant flows:













Abstractions that are defined in the Master Plan and in YAS provided by DSI do not differentiate between

abstractions for agriculture, urban abstractions o industrial abstractions.

To determine the volume of abstractions corresponding to each GWB (industrial, urban, agricultural), the

abstractions within each GWB have been estimated with regarding existing abstractions within an

aquifer formation or YAS to which belongs the GWB. In order to do it, we calculate abstraction surfaces

(industrial, urban, agricultural) based on CORINE LAND COVER (2006) and we superpose it on the

boundaries of GWB and aquifer formations respectively. Percentage of abstractions is calculated within

the GWB (check GIS), regarding total abstractions that are located in the YAS or aquifer formation.

Applying this percentage to the volume of total abstractions in the aquifer formation or YAS, we obtain

the volume of abstractions within the GWB.

.


QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES SUSURLUK RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR03YAS01001


Recharge areas

Transfer from GWB

Susurluk River Basin







Losses in surface streams 6.37

Transfers from others groundwater bodies 3.86


Transfers from recharge areas -

Total 101.24




body of groundwater

Qal 7,4 hm3

PlQ 12,4 hm3

n1, n2, n3 71,2 hm3

3,86 hm3 from TR 03 YAS 1002

Master Plan Data

















Agriculture -

Water supply -

Industry -

Total 59.52




30 % of LTAAR (standard)

Master Plan Data



Index Rate

ER 0.84








ER < 1 No Significant Pressure The Exploitation Rate (ER) is the rate used to define whether the


threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES SUSURLUK RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR03YAS08001










Transfers from others groundwater bodies -



Total 2.6




body of groundwater

Qal 2,46 hm3

Gr 0,09 hm3










Agriculture -

Water supply -

Industry -

Total 4.3











34 % of LTAAR (Master Plan)

Master Plan Data



Index Rate

ER 2.5











threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES MERIÇ-ERGENE RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE

Input Data:

To introduce recharge by rain infiltration, information provided in Master Plan includes only Ergene

sub-basin. There is data about formations in Çorlu (Tertiary-Quaternary detritic), Kırklareli (Eocene

carbonated mountains) and Pınarbası (carbonated formation within the detritic basin).

Rain infiltration:



AQUIFER FORMATION RECHARGE

(hm3/year)

AREA

(km2) RECHARGE INDEX

Çorlu formation (infiltration) 211.25 6420 0.0329

Kırklareli formation (infiltration) 39.74 480 0.0828

Pınarbası formation (infiltration) 10.3 165 0.0624


Data Processing and Outputs:

• To get to know the rain infiltration in each groundwater body, the proportion of surface

corresponding to each formation within each water body has been calculated. Afterwards, the same

proportion has been applied to the total infiltration for all formation in each GWB. Extension of each

aquifer formation, as well as infiltration data is defined in the table 10.1 at the page 167 in the Ergene

sub-basin Master Plan Provisional Report.

• For the GWBs that there is no information in Master Plan (the ones situated in Ipsala-Kesan and

Meriç), infiltration rate for each surface has been used for similar lithologies (0.033 hm3/km2 for

detritics lithologies similar to Çorlu formation and 0.083 hm3/km2 for carbonated formations similar to

Kirklareli).

• In the case of GWB TR01YAS09001, as it is situated in two sub basins (Meriç and Ipsala-Kesin), and as

its lithology is predominantly alluvial quaternary (slightly different from the tertiary detritic described

in Çorlu formation), there is no information in Master Plan on that subject. In this case, data were

extracted from the initial characterization table of GWBs prepared by DSI. Accordingly, GWB

TR01YAS09001 coincides with YAS_1_001 (Meriç-Ergene Havzası Başlangıç Karakterizasyonu.xls), so

that recharge data is assumed. The recharge for TR01YAS09001 is 59 hm3/year, according to this

value, infiltration rate for this GWB would be (0.12 hm3/km2) much higher than the one calculated for

Çorlu formation (0.033 hm3/km2).

Rain infiltration:




.


• Return from irrigation has not been taken into account, since there is no information in that regard.



• Recharge by losses in surface water (streams/rivers/lakes) is not introduced yet (there is nothing

specific on this issue).




.



• With help of general hydro geological functioning of the basin, we have identified lateral groundwater

transfers between GWBs. Characterization form is filled firstly identifying water excess (AGR –

LTAAQ). This transfer is a positive number in the GWB that receives water (transfer from) and this

number is negative if GWB provides water (transfer to).

• There are cases where excess of water may go towards two or more different GWBs, in these cases,

depending on the existing contacts and geology, topography etc. it will be decided which percentage

receives each GWB according to “expert’s criteria”.



30% of inputs are decided to apply by default (infiltration plus lateral contributions)






AGR = LTAAR - EFN


significant flows:













Agriculture:

Abstractions for agriculture are defined in Master Plan for each aquifer formation. To determine the

volume corresponding to each GWB, those existing irrigation lands within each GWB have been

differentiated regarding the existing irrigations lands within the aquifer formation to which GWB

belongs. In order to do this, we calculate the percentage of total irrigation land which is within the GWB

(consult GIS) and we apply this percentage to the total data of the formation. Irrigation surfaces are

extracted from CORINE LAND COVER (2006) and we superpose them with the boundaries of GWB and

aquifer formations respectively.




Water supply:

Urban Abstractions (drinking water and domestic uses) data for each formation is provided, so that it is

decided to calculate the urban surface of GWB regarding the total surface of each formation and to apply

that percentage. CORINE LAND COVER (2006) is used to determine the urban surface corresponding to

each aquifer formation and each GWB.


Industry:

In the case of industrial abstractions, the same process described above for urban abstractions applies

here; using only surfaces of industrial areas defined in CORINE LAND COVER (2006).

Abstractions in Meriç and Ipsala-Kesan sub-basins are not defined in Master Plan. Abstraction data was

obtained during the workshop held in Edirne from 5th to 8th October, 2015. Experts from DSI provided

information about abstractions for different uses in each sub-basin except in Ipsala-Kesan. Procedure to

calculate the volume of abstractions for each use (agriculture, drinking water and industry) is similar to

the one described previously, that is to say existing irrigation/urban/industrial surface in sub basin is

calculated and proportion for each GWB is determined.

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES MERIÇ-ERGENE RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR01YAS03002


Meriç-Ergene River Basin











Total 19.94




body of groundwater

50% of outcrops of Kırklareli formation










Agriculture 0.2

Water supply 3.4

Industry 3.7

Total 7.2











30 % of LTAAR (Standard)

15,6 % or irrigation areas in Kırklareli formation

27%, 44% or urban and industrial areas in this formation



Index Rate

ER 0.52











threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES MERIÇ-ERGENE RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR01YAS02001













Total 24.1




body of groundwater

100 % of outcrops of Pınarbası formation

6,6 % of outcrops of Çorlu formation










Agriculture 3.6

Water supply 2.5

Industry 20.7

Total 26.8












5,3% of irrigation areas in Çorlu formation and all irrigation in Pınarbası

7%, 11% or urban and industrial areas in Çorlu formation and 100% in Pınarbası



Index Rate

ER 1.59











threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES BUYUK MENDERES RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE

Information contained in each Master Plan:

• A general water balance in the different zonifications of Master Plan.

• Groundwater balance terms for each sub subbasin:

Input Data:


II. output terms:

• Agriculture Abstractions

• Water supply Abstractions

• Industry Abstractions

• Springs/Surface water

• Transfers to other groundwater bodies

i. Input terms:

• Infiltration of rain

• Irrigation recharge return

• Losses in surface streams

• Transfers from others groundwater bodies

• Transfers from recharge areas


To calculate most of the groundwater balance terms for each GWB an areal conversion from the

associated Master Plan has been applied. Commonly GWB are smaller than sub subbasins so a

percentage of the balance term needs to be used. It is also common for GWBs to be located between 2

or more sub subbasins so after having applied a percentage, all the parts of the GWB needs to be

summed up.

Data Processing::



Rain infiltration:

To calculate the infiltration rate in the GWB a relation between the sub-subbasin area and the GWB

area is made.



Irrigation recharge return:

In this case the relation is made between the irrigated area of the sub-subbasin and the irrigated area

inside the GWB. CORINE LAND COVER 2006 is the information source to calculate irrigated areas.

Losses in surface streams:

Recharge by losses in surface water (streams/rivers/lakes) is not introduced yet (there is nothing

specific on this issue).





Taking into account the hydrogeological functioning, once water balances in GWBs with excess are

calculated, it is incorporated as data of “Transfers from others groundwater bodies” in recipient

GWBs; the result of equation: AGR – LTAAQ. This transfer is a positive number in the GWB that

receives water (transfer from) and this number is negative if GWB provides water (transfer to).

When the hydrogeological understanding indicates that excess of one GWB is received by various

GWBs, expert judgment is applied to decide what percentage of the remaining water is received by

each GWB.



For each GWB, 30 % of the inputs (infiltration and irrigation recharge return) is considered

environmental flow.


Environmental flows:




AGR = LTAAR - EFN


significant flows:













Agriculture:

Abstractions for agriculture are defined in Master Plan reports for each sub-subbasin. To determine the

volume corresponding to each GWB, we calculate the percentage of total irrigation land which is within

the GWB (consult GIS) and we apply the relation between the irrigated area of the sub-subbasin and the

irrigated area inside the GWBs. Irrigation surfaces are extracted from CORINE LAND COVER (2006) and

we superpose them with the boundaries of GWB and sub-subbasin respectively.




Water supply:

Urban Abstractions (drinking water and domestic uses) data for each sub-subbasin is provided, so that it

is decided to calculate the urban surface of GWB regarding the total surface of sub-subbasin and to apply

that percentage. CORINE LAND COVER (2006) is used to determine the urban surface corresponding to

each sub-subbasin and each GWB.


Industry:

The same process described above for urban abstractions applies here, using surfaces of industrial areas

defined in CORINE LAND COVER (2006). In areas where there are industrial abstraction data (Cürüksu,

Aydin-Söke and Usak Banaz) the relation is made between the area dedicated to industry of the sub-

subbasin and the area dedicated to industry inside the GWB. Although the land use map (CORINE) shows

industrial use in most subbasins, there are no data for industrial abstractions in Cyne Yatagan, Orta-

Menderes, Kale-Tavas and Kufi. In these cases industrial use is not considered as groundwater

abstractions.

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES BUYUK MENDERES RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR07YAS04001


Buyuk Menderes River Basin






Irrigation recharge return 2.1



Transfers to others groundwater bodies -3.32


Total 5.1




body of groundwater

Rain infiltration and irrigation recharge from proportional

surface in Sarayköy_Buharkent and

Nazilli Subbasins

Transfer from TR 07 YAS 04001

Transfer to TR 07 YAS 06001










Agriculture 2.1

Water supply 0.5

Industry 0.0

Total 2.6




quality for associated surface

waters, avoid any significant

diminution on the ecological status

and avoid any significant damage to

groundwater dependent terrestrial

ecosystems




Proportion of abstractions respect agriculture, town and industrial

areas in Sarayköy_Buharkent and Nazilli Subbasins



Index Rate

ER 0.72











threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

QUANTITATIVE PRESSURES BUYUK MENDERES RIVER BASIN EXAMPLE: GWB TR07YAS05001








Irrigation recharge return 28.7





Total 58.3




body of groundwater

Rain infiltration and irrigation recharge from proportional surface in Honaz, Gökpınar

and Denizli Subbasins

Transfer from TR07YAS05002, TR07YAS05002 and TR07YAS05002










Agriculture 34.3

Water supply 2.7

Industry 13.2

Total 50.6












Proportion of abstractions respect agriculture, town and

industrial areas in Honaz, Gökpınar and Denizli Subbasins



Index Rate

ER 1.24











threshold is 1.





AGR = LTAAR - EFN

ER = LTAAQ / AGR

Q&A THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

TEŞEKKÜRLER

“quantitative pressures assessment”ribamap.ormansu.gov.tr/shared/files/tr_1461920293.pdf · •...

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