ap ch. 8
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 8Varieties of American Nationalism
Era of Good Feelings?During this time (1813-1824) both
Nationalism and Sectionalism existed at the same time and in the same
place.
• “but this momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the knell of the Union. It is hushed indeed for the moment, but this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it
deeper and deeper”.
A Growing Economy
• At the same time of nationalism there was the political movement to support the growth of the nation’s economy—Henry Clay’s American System
• --internal improvements-building roads and canals
• Protecting budding industries from European competition-tariffs
• Second Bank of the US
• Internal improvements—Presidents Madison and Monroe objected that the Constitution did not explicitly provide for the spending of federal money on roads and canals—vetoed many bills thus leaving the states with the burden of internal improvements.
• National Road—a federally funded road from Cumberland, Maryland to Wheeling, Virginia.
Erie Canal-first major canal project for America-363 miles from Albany to Buffalo
Francis Cabot Lowell
• The Lowell factory was a cotton textile mill that produced finished clothing(spinning and weaving). The Factory hired young, unmarried woman-15-30 years old.
• http://youtu.be/3YDNfW20zr4?t=4s
Expanding Westward
• Becoming attractive to settlers• After War of 1812, a series of treaties with
Native Americans afforded more land for settlers without threat.
• Fertile land
Era of Good Feeling
• End of the First Party System• Exemplifies both of Monroe’s presidencies,
1816-1824-few divisive issues, and Republicans embraced some Federalists issues—but was it?
Adams-Onis Treaty 1819• John Q. Adams was Monroe’s secretary of
state and a nationalists—seeking to extend the United States
• First challenge was Florida• Andrew Jackson “adopt the necessary
measures” p. 275
Adams-Onis Treaty
• The US gave up its claims to Texas• Spain gave up all of Florida
John Marshall Court
• A Federalist, John Marshall served as Chief Justice of the Supreme court from 1801 – 1835.
• How will he read the Constitution?• Who will he give power to: States or Federal
government?
Important Court Cases-strength cases
• Marbury V. Madison—establishes Judicial Review• McCulloch v. Maryland- National Bank-Supremacy
Clause-can a state tax the Federal government?• Gibbons v. Ogden-who had the power to regulate
interstate commerce?• Dartmouth College v. Woodward-established the
right to overturn a decision of a state’s court
Monroe Doctrine
The Revival of Opposition-The Corrupt Bargin
John Q. Adams
• Adams Presidency was marred by political bitterness arising from the “corrupt bargain”
• A Nationalist, he wanted to promote programs reminiscent of Clay’s American System but opponents in Congress blocked every bill.
• In favor of the Tariff—earning the animosity of southerners, who called it “tariff of abominations”
Jackson Triumphant 1828
• New 2 Party system began to emerge• John Q. Adams-National Republican-supporters
of the economic nationalism of the preceding years
• Andrew Jackson-Democrat-called for an assault on privilege and a widening of opportunity.
• America had entered a new era of democracy, the “era of the common man”