ap physics lab guide
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AP PHYSICS LAB GUIDEJ. Patrick Polley
Department of Physics and AstronomyBeloit College, Wisconsin
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THE COLLEGE BOARD: EXPANDING COLLEGE OPPORTUNITY
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COLLEGE BOARD REGIONAL OFFICESNational Office45 Columbus Avenue, New York, NY 10023-6992212 713-8066E-mail: [email protected] gAP ServicesP.O. Box 6671, Princeton, NJ 08541-6671609 771-7300; 877 274-6474 (toll-free in U.S. and Canada)Middle StatesServing Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania,and Puerto Rico2 Bala Plaza, Suite 900, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004-1501610 667 -4400E-mail: [email protected] Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,South Dakota, West Virginia, and WisconsinOne Rotary Center 1560 Sherman Avenue, Suite 1001, Evanston, IL 60201-4805
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0 0
20 0
12
0
sin
20 1 sin2
sin
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sin
sin
90.5 0.1 cm
2.531 0.001 cm
sin
21 sin2
2
1sin2
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2 20 1 02
1 0
sin 0 1 21 2 sin
5%
210.05 0.05 sin2
1
2 110.05 sin2
1 2
0.025 sin 2 sin
20.00031 sin
sin
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sin 2
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drag ,
drag
drag
drag
1/
ln 1 ln ln ln
ln 1 ln
1 ln ln
1
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1
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1 1
2 2 1
1
2
2
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
2 2 2 21 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
1 1 1 12 2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1 1 2 2
2 2 21 1 1 1 2 2
1 1 12 2 2
1 2 1
1 2 1 1 2 1 2
21 1 2
1 2
1 2 1
22 22
1 1 1 1 2 2 21
1 1 12 2 2
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2 1 1 2 12
2
1 1 2 1 2 1
1
2
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 2 2
1 1 1
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 2 2 v v v
1 2
2 21 1 2
1 1 2 v v v
2 21 1 2 22( ) v v2 1 1 v 2 v
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1 2 1 2
1 1
2 2
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1 2
1 20
1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
1 20
1 2
1 20
1 2 1 2, , , ,
1 2
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2
2
2
22 2
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2 2
2 5
3 5
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2cos
cos
2
2 2cos 4
2 2cos 4 cos
2 24
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22calc 4 0.150 kg 0.80 m 1.098 s
3.93 newtons
calc meas
meas calc meas
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4.1 s 3.9 s 4.1 s0.04 or 4%
length
length
0.002 m 0.800 m= 0.0025 or 0.25%
mass
mass
0.001 kg 0.150 kg0.0067 or 0.67%
1.142 s 1.074 s 20.034 s
time
time 2
2 0.034 s 1.098 s0.06 or 6%
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total
total mass length time
0.25% 0.67% 6%7%
1 22
total mass length time
6%
24
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F x
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
sin
1 22
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eff
eff spring 3
2spring 1 2
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spring
spring
2 2
springspring 3
1 2
2 3spring
spring 31 2 3
spring 2spring
1 2 3
spring 21 2 3
1 1log log log log 22 2
1 2
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1 2 1
2 1
2
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1 1
2 1
2
1
1
1
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1
2
2
1
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2 2
1 4
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1 0
1
1
1 1 2
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,
2 2 2
/12
,
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exp
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0
0
0
0
0 1
0 e
0 -t RC
e
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14
1
1
1
1
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1
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1 20.693 2
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3 22 2 20 2
3 22 2 20 2
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0 3
0 2
3 22 2
2
0 2
0
3 22 2
1 2%
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5%
0.1
10%
3
8
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1 2 3
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2
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1
180
2
90
1
2
1 2
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AP PHYSICS LAB GUIDE LAB TEN
Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com
51
The analysis of the data is simple. If the sensitivity of the gaussmeter is 50mV/T, then the
fields in the three directions are given by
( ) ( )1 2 50 mV T x x x B V V = (10-5a)
( ) ( )
1 250 mV T
y y y B V V = (10-5b)
( ) ( )1 2 50 mV T z z z B V V = (10-5c)
The magnitude of the Earths magnetic field Earth B is then given by
( )1 22 2 2Earth x y z B B B B= + + The dip angle of the field is given by
( )1 21 2 2tan z x y B B B = +
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1
2
1 2sin sin
2
sin
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sin cos cos sin
cos
cos sin cos cos sin
sin cos tan
tan tan cos
2
2 1 sin sin
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2 2
2
2 1
2
2 2
2
2
22
2 is 1.32 0.06
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sin
sin
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tan
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20.2
20.7
61.83 10
61.79 10 61.81 10
60.02 10
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20.6 21.1
61.79 10 meters 20.6
61.83 10 meters 21.1
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1 2
1 2
1 1-k 14
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1
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2 1-M
1
2
2
10%
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stop
stop
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1 4
1 4
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