ap psychology : motivation motivation motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AP Psychology : Motivation
![Page 3: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MotivationMotivation – an internal state that
activates behavior and directs it toward a goal.
![Page 4: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Social MotivesOpening Activity: A recent study
indicated that 70 percent of high school students and 56 percent of middle school students have cheated on an exam in the past year.
What do you think is the primary motivation for cheating in high school? Explain your answer.
![Page 5: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
MotivationTypes Motivation
◦Drives versus motives
![Page 6: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MotivationTypes Motivation
◦Drives versus motives◦Intrinsic motivation◦Extrinsic motivation
![Page 7: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Theories of MotivationTheories of Motivation
◦Instinct theory (inherited) Fixed action patterns Theoretical problems
![Page 8: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Theories of MotivationDrive-Reduction Theory (biological)
◦Biological needs◦Homeostasis◦Theoretical problems
![Page 9: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Theories of MotivationCognitive theory (mind)
◦Social learning theory Julian Rotter◦Locus of control Internal locus
Self- efficacy External locus
![Page 10: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Theories of MotivationPsychodynamic Theory (Freud)
◦Sex drive (eros)◦Death drive (thanatos)
![Page 11: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsDiscussion: Imagine you and your
friends are stranded on a deserted island. The island is in the northern Atlantic, and it is September. There are no other people, buildings, electricity on the island; however, there is vegetation and some small game animals.
List the first several steps that you would take to secure your groups survival on the island.
![Page 12: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (humanistic)
Theories of Motivation
![Page 13: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 14: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 15: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 16: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 17: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 18: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 19: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
A Hierarchy of Motives
![Page 20: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Theories of MotivationReflection: Which theory of
motivation best describes your motivation to go to college? Explain your answer.
![Page 21: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Theories of MotivationIn scoring, responses placed before
items 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 14 should be reversed (6 = 1, 5 = 2, 4 = 3, 3 = 4, 2 = 5, 1 = 6) and then added to the responses before the rest of the items. Total scores can range from 15 to 90. College students have a mean score of about 60.
![Page 22: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Theories of MotivationA gender difference in the scores
approached significance, with females scoring slightly higher than males. Factor analysis identified at least four factors measured by the scale: autonomy, self-acceptance, acceptance of emotions, and trust and responsibility in interpersonal relations.
![Page 23: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Theories of MotivationThe index was also correlated with
other scales. According to these other scales, high scorers on the index tend to live in the present, rather than in the past with guilt and regret or in the future with over idealized goals and fears. High scorers also tend to be inner-directed, extraverted, and rational in their thoughts and behaviors.
![Page 24: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Theories of MotivationOpening Activity: Thematic Apperception
Test (TAT)
![Page 25: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Theories of MotivationAchievement Motivation
◦ Psychological motive◦ Operates at a conscious level◦ Affected by culture
Individualist versus collectivist
![Page 26: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Theories of MotivationThematic Apperception Test (TAT)
◦ Murray & McClelland◦ Measures themes of story◦ n Ach score
Characteristics of high scores Persistence Higher IQ’s Leadership More successful and competitive
![Page 27: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHunger Motivation
◦ Multi-System Approach Hypothalamus
![Page 28: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHunger Motivation
◦ Multi-System Approach Hypothalamus Set point Sweet & high fat foods
![Page 30: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHunger Motivation
◦ Multi-System Approach Hypothalamus Set point Sweet & high fat foods Fat cells
![Page 31: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHunger Motivation
◦ Multi-System Approach Hypothalamus Set point Sweet & high fat foods Fat cells Other triggers and environmental cues
(group discussion)
![Page 32: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Weight Discrimination
![Page 33: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Theories of MotivationEating disorders
◦ Anorexia nervosa◦ Bulimia nervosa◦ Environmental and biological
![Page 34: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHuman Sexuality
◦ Alfred Kinsey (video clip)◦ Masters and Johnson
![Page 35: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHuman Sexuality
◦ Alfred Kinsey (video clip)◦ Masers and Johnson
![Page 36: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Theories of MotivationHuman Sexuality
◦ Alfred Kinsey (video clip)◦ Masters and Johnson◦ Testosterone◦ Sexual cues◦ Sexual scripts
![Page 37: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Theories of Motivation
![Page 38: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Theories of Motivation
![Page 39: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Theories of MotivationThe Stress Response
◦ Stress versus stressor◦ Primitive stressors
Starvation Exposure Mortal attack
◦ “fight or flight”◦ Limbic system
Amygdala and Hypothalamus◦ “tend or befriend”
![Page 40: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Theories of MotivationTraumatic stressors
◦ Catastrophe◦ Five stages
Psychic numbness Automatic action Communal effort Letdown Recovery
◦ Posttraumatic Stress (PTSD)
![Page 41: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Theories of MotivationGeneral Adaption Syndrome (Hans Selye’s)
◦ Three Stages Alarm reaction Resistance Exhaustion
![Page 42: AP Psychology : Motivation Motivation Motivation – an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649de75503460f94ae0e86/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Theories of MotivationStress and the immune system
◦Type A = competitive, impatient, perfectionist
◦Type B = Relaxed approachLearned helplessness