APADana Karem

An Essay in APA styleIntroductionThe Body: (Your paraphrased paragraph)e.g. It is suggested that. (David, 2009, p.23) ConclusionReference List: David, L. (2009). Mental health: An introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

DefinitionAPA ( American Psychological Association) is an academic requirement used to acknowledge all the material sources used in academic writings or assignments. (American Psychological Association, 2001)

Sources of InformationBooks, including electronic booksJournal and newspaper articles Online documents and web-sites Audiovisual materialsUnpublished works Course materials Personal Communication

Why bother?To display that you have retrieved useful information from reliable sources, so that you can constructively and evidently support or reject a theory or a matter and the reader can refer to them when required.To display evidence of reading.To let the reader/ marker differentiate between your own thoughts and someone elses.

APA is of two parts:In-Text (within the body of your assignment)ParaphrasingQuotes

Reference List (at the back of your assignment)listed in alphabetical order

ABBREVIATIONSchap. chaptered. editionRev. ed. Revised edition2nd ed. 2nd editionEd. (Eds.) editor (editors)n.d. no datep. (pp.) page (pages)Vol. VolumeNo. Number

Basic Format

Author(s). (year of publication). Title of book: Subtitle of book. City of publication, Country or U.S. State abbreviation: Publisher.

Basic FormatAuthor or Authors. (year of publication). Title of book: Subtitle of book. City of publication, Country or U.S. State abbreviation: Publisher.

PUNCTUATION& is used for and when referring to authors in the reference listEach element should be followed by a full-stopPut the authors name first, spelled out in full, with initials only for the first and second namesOnly the first letter of the first word of the title and of the subtitle are capitalisedindicate the date of the publication in brackets followed by a full-stopTitles of books and journals should be italicised(Whitireia Community Polytechnic Library, 2009)

Book (no author)Longman dictionary of contemporary English (4th ed.). (2003). Harlow, England: Longman.

Book(author is an organisation)

Statistics New Zealand. (1998). Samoan people in New Zealand. Wellington, New Zealand: Author.

Book chapter

Collette, R. L. (1990). Harvesting techniques. In R. E. Martin & G. J. Flick (Eds.), The seafood industry (pp. 471-526). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Edited book

Persley, D. M. (Ed.). (1992). Diseases of fruit crops (2nd ed.). Brisbane, Queensland, Australia: Department of Primary Industries.

eBookSadler, P. (2003). Strategic management (2nd ed.). Sterling, VA: Kogan Page. Retrieved from ebrary database.

Entry in an online encyclopediaChristchurch. (2007). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://www.search.eb.com/eb/

Articles in a serial, journal or magazine(Basic format)Author(s). (year of publication). Title of article: Subtitle of article. Title ofSerial, Volume number(issue number), pages. doi:###/###

Basic Format (Example)Hirst, P. M., & Ferree, D. C. (1995). Effect of rootstock and cultivar on the growth and precocity of young apple trees. Fruit Varieties Journal, 49(1), 34-41

Article (from a Library Database)

Garrett, T. C., Buisson, D. H., & Yap, C. M. (2006). National culture and R&D and marketing integration mechanisms in new product development: A cross-cultural study between singapore and New Zealand. Industrial Marketing anagement, 35(3), 293-307. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2005. 09.007

Peele, S. (1994). The surprising truth about addiction. Psychology Today, 37(3), 43-45.

Newspaper article

English, P. (1996, December 28). Anguish as moths escape spraying. New Zealand Herald, p. A1.

Newspaper article (electronic version from publisher Web site)Bruce, D. (2007, December 13). Chairman frustrated by nonsense. Otago Daily Times. Retrieved from http://www.odt.co.nz citation_APA_Dec08.doc Page 3 of 8

Web pages (Basic format)Author(s). (year, month date of last update). Title of page: Subtitle of page. Retrieved from wwwcom

Kedgley, S. (2004, June 7). Greens launch Food Revolution. Retrieved from ttp://www.greens.org.nz/ searchdocs/ PR7545.html

No Date (website) Author(s). (n.d.). Title of page: Subtitle of page. Retrieved month day, year, from wwww..com

Future foods. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2007, from http://www.biotechlearn.org.nz/ focus_stories/future_foods

Video Weblog post, e.g. YouTube

Norton, R. (2006, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video file]. Video posted to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs

Linkshttp://www.whitireia.ac.nz/library/APA_2009.pdf

http://www.aut.ac.nz/resources/library/referencing.pdf

ReferencesAmerican Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

APA reference style. (2009). Retrieved from The Library Te Whare Pukapuka from http://www.waikato.ac.nz/library/learning/g_apaguide.shtml

APA style referencing. (n.d.). Retrieved from the GEORGE FORBES MEMORIAL LIBRARY website http://library.lincoln.ac.nz/story_images/ 5133_citapa_s17290.pdf

Guide to APA referencing. (2009). Retrieved from Whitireia Community Polytechnic Library website http://www.whitireia.ac.nz/library/APA_2009.pdf