apes get out air pollution lab get out superfund poster – staple rubric to the bottom (so we see...
TRANSCRIPT
APES
• Get out Air Pollution Lab• Get out Superfund Poster –
staple rubric to the BOTTOM (So we see both the poster & the rubric at the same time)
Indoor Air Pollution
Ch. 18
Indoor Air Pollution
The most threatening indoor air pollutants are smoke and soot from the burning of wood and coal in cooking fires (mostly in less-developed countries), cigarette smoke, and chemicals used in building materials and cleaning products.
Developing Countries• Indoor burning of wood, charcoal, dung,
crop residues, coal• Poor suffer the greatest risk
Developed Countries
WHY?– 11 of the common air
pollutants higher inside than outside
– Greater in vehicles than outside
– Health risks magnified: people spend 70 – 98% of their time indoors/in cars.
Indoor air pollution > outdoor air pollution
Who is at greatest risk?
• Children under 5• Elderly• Sick• Pregnant Women• People with respiratory
disorders or heart problems• Smokers• Factory Workers
Fig. 18-19, p. 482
Chloroform Source: Chlorine-treated water in hot showers Possible threat: Cancer
Para-dichlorobenzene Source: Air fresheners, mothball crystals Threat: Cancer
Tetrachloroethylene Source: Dry-cleaning fluid fumes on clothes Threat: Nerve disorders, damage to liver and kidneys, possible cancer
Formaldehyde Source: Furniture stuffing, paneling, particleboard, foam insulation Threat: Irritation of eyes, throat, skin, and lungs; nausea; dizziness1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Source: Aerosol sprays Threat: Dizziness, irregular breathing
Styrene Source: Carpets, plastic products Threat: Kidney and liver damage
Nitrogen oxides Source: Unvented gas stoves and kerosene heaters, woodstoves Threat: Irritated lungs, children's colds, headaches Benzo- -pyrene
Source: Tobacco smoke,woodstoves Threat: Lung cancer
Particulates Source: Pollen, pet dander, dust mites, cooking smoke particles Threat: Irritated lungs, asthma attacks, itchy eyes, runny nose, lung disease Radon-222 Source:
Radioactive soil and rock surrounding foundation, water supply Threat: Lung cancer
Tobacco smoke Source: Cigarettes Threat: Lung cancer, respiratory ailments, heart disease
Asbestos Source: Pipe insulation, vinyl ceiling and floor tiles Threat: Lung disease, lung cancer
Carbon monoxide Source: Faulty furnaces, unvented gas stoves and kerosene heaters, woodstoves Threat: Headaches, drowsiness, irregular heartbeat, death
Methylene chloride Source: Paint strippers and thinners Threat: Nerve disorders, diabetes
Indoor Air PollutionSick Building Syndrome
Fig. 17-17p. 434
Four Most Dangerous Indoor Air Pollutants
1. Tobacco Smoke2. Formaldehyde (CH2O)
3. Radioactive radon – 222 gas4. Very Small particles
Other Possible Indoor Air Pollutants
• Living organisms & their excrements–Dust mites & cockroach droppings
• Airborne spores of molds & mildew
• Pesticide Residue
• Pb Particles
Radon-222
• Colorless, odorless, radioactive gas
• Produced by natural decay of Uranium-238, small amounts found in rocks/soil
Radon-222
• When released outside decay = harmless
• Can build to high levels inside.
Radon Gas Case Study
Radon-222
• Decays into solid particles of other radioactive elements. ie: polonium-210
• Inhaled exposes lungs to alpha particles
• 2nd leading cause of lung cancer
Effects of Air Pollution on Living Organisms and Materials
• Damage to mucous membranes• Respiratory Disease– Lung cancer– Asthma – allergic reaction– Chronic Bronchitis – persistent
inflammation– Emphysema – Irreversible damage
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Pharynx (throat)
Trachea (windpipe)
Bronchus
Right lung
Bronchioles
(see figure 17.18b)
(see figure 17.18c)
Epithelial cell
Cilia
Mucus
Bronchiole
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac(sectioned)
Effects of Air Pollution on Living Organisms and Materials
• Damage to plant leaves and roots
• Reduction in primary productivity
• Deterioration of materials
Premature Deaths from Air Pollution in the U.S.
Fig. 18-22, p. 485