API Dynamic Settling

June 11-15, 2012

Project GoalsDesign four systems for cooperative testing.

•System 1•Pass API Sedimentation Test•Fail Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

•System 2•Pass API Sedimentation Test•Pass Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

•System 3•Hematite System that Fails Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

•System 4•Spacer System that Passes Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

ParametersStandard API Test Schedule

•Depth and Temperature•Depth 10,000 feet•BHST = 250 °F, BHCT = 180 °F•BHP = 6300 psi

• API Casing Schedule•50 minutes to BHCT and BHP

Cement Materials for System 1Cement

•LaFarge Joppa H

Sand•100 mesh Silica Sand

Weighting Agent•Hematite

Retarder/Fluid Loss•Diacel LWL

Extender•Bentonite

Slurry Test PlanRheology

•Atmospheric Consistometer conditioning•Pressurized Consistometer conditioning

Free Water•Atmospheric Consistometer conditioning - Vertical•Pressurized Consistometer conditioning - 45°Angle

Thickening Time•Include motor shut-off

API SedimentationDynamic Modified Paddle

System Design 1

Class H + 35% Sand + 25%Hematite + 0.5% Diacel LWL•Density 18.0 ppg•Yield 1.43 cu ft/sack•Mix fluid 5.07 gallons/sack•Solid Volume Fraction 52.8%

System 1 - Rheology

System 1 - Rheology

System 1 – Free WaterAtmospheric Conditioning

20 minutes at BHCT

Trace Free WaterSlight Settling

System 1 – Free Water 45° AnglePressurized Conditioning

50 minute Heat-Up+ 20 minutes at BHCT

BHP 6300 psi

4.5 mLs Free WaterChanneling to 225 mLs

Slight Settling

System 1 – Thickening Time

00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00Time (hr:mn)

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

0C

on

sis

ten

cy (

Bc)

20

01

80

16

01

40

12

01

00

80

60

Te

mp

era

ture

(d

eg

F)

BCTemperature

Tail Slurry Consistency & Temperature vs Time

Motor Shut-Off

Test

System 1 – API SedimentationPressurized Conditioning

+ 20 minutes at BHCT

17.50 18.00 18.50 19.00 19.50 20.000.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00Density of Slurry (ppg)

Density / ppg

Sam

ple

Vo

lum

e /

cm

3

Maximum Difference = 7.8 %

System 1 – Modified Paddle

Slurry Density = 18.1 ppg

Top Density = 17.7 ppgMiddle Density = 18.1 ppgBottom Density = 18.8 ppg

Cone Height = 1.5 inches

25 rpm

System Design 2

Class H + 35% Sand + 25%Hematite + 1% Bentonite + 0.5% Diacel LWL

•Density 18.0 ppg•Yield 1.44 cu ft/sack•Mix fluid 5.07 gallons/sack•Solid Volume Fraction 52.9%

System 2 - Rheology

System 2 - Rheology

System 2 – Free Water 45° AnglePressurized Conditioning

50 minute Heat-Up + 20 minutes at BHCT

BHP 6300 psi

4 mLs Free WaterNo Channeling

No Settling

System 2 – Thickening Time

00:00 00:30 01:00 01:30 02:00 02:30 03:00 03:30Time (hr:mn)

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

01

00

Co

nsis

ten

cy (

Bc)

20

01

80

16

01

40

12

01

00

80

60

40

20

0T

em

pe

ratu

re (

de

gF

)

BCTemperature

Tail Slurry Consistency & Temperature vs Time

Motor Shut-Off

Test

System 2 – API SedimentationPressurized Conditioning

+20 minutes at BHCT

18.5218.5418.5618.5818.6018.6218.6418.6618.6818.7018.720.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00Density of Slurry (ppg)

Density / ppg

Sam

ple

Vo

lum

e /

cm

3Maximum Difference = 3.3 %

System 2 – Modified Paddle

Slurry Density = 18.1 ppg

Top Density = 17.5 ppgMiddle Density = 17.8 ppgBottom Density = 19.2 ppg

Cone Height = 1 inch25 rpm

System Design 3

Hematite System that Fails Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

Class H + 42%Hematite + 0.2% Retarder + 0.2% Antifoam

•Density 19.0 ppg•Yield 1.20 cu ft/sack•Mix fluid 4.40 gallons/sack•Solid Volume Fraction 50.8%

System 3 - Rheology

135

72

Plastic Viscosity (cP)

Yield Point (lbf/100ft2)

117

26

Plastic Viscosity (cP)

Yield Point (lbf/100ft2)

2810 sec x 7

9

10 min x 18 18 36 x 18

14 11.5 23

18

x

36

141414

6 10 9 9.5

3 5 12

7

7 6.0

14071

Temp °F

double

24

17

300

30

80

up down avg

Atmospheric Conditioned Rheology (R1,B1,F2)

double

96

200 52 51

69 70.0

51.5

180

up down avg

82.0 164

100 32 32

60

67

48

103 79 85

11

64

19

32.0

100

97.5 195

24.0

122

33.5

55 67 61.0

38

46 54

99

50.0

20 15.5 31

17

24

17.0 34 29

System 3 – Free Water and Settling

• 45 degree Free Fluid at 180°F• 3.2% Free Fluid

• Dynamic Modified Paddle Settling test• 1 inch of Cone Height• Top Density = 18.2 lb/gal• Middle Density = 19.2 lb/gal• Bottom Density = 19.4 lb/gal

System Design 4

Spacer System that Passes Dynamic Modified Paddle Test

Chemplex 50 lb/bbl C63 Spacer + 276 lb/bbl Barite + 0.75 bbl Water

•Density 14.0 ppg•Solid Volume Fraction 25.3%

System 4 – Free Water and Settling

• 45 degree Free Fluid at 180°F• 0% Free Fluid

• Dynamic Modified Paddle Settling test• No Measurable Cone Height• Top Density = 13.3 lb/gal• Middle Density = 13.9 lb/gal• Bottom Density = 14.0 lb/gal