Appendicular Skeleton

Ch. 8

Consists of:

• Shoulder (pectoral) Girdle• Upper extremities• Pelvic Girdle• Lower extremities

Shoulder (pectoral) girdle

• Sternum + clavicle = sternoclavicular joint• Clavicle + scapula = acromioclavicular joint• Scapula held in place by muscles only• Upper limb attached to girdle at shoulder

• Clavicle – s-shaped bone– Attaches sternum to shoulder (bridge between the

2 joints)

Shoulder Girdle – posterior scapula

• Acromion process

• Glenoid cavity

• Spine• Coracoid

process

Shoulder Girdle – anterior scapula

Upper Extremities

• 30 bones each• Consists of:– Humerus– Radius– Ulna– Carpal bones in wrist– Metacarpals in hand

• 1-5 starts with thumb

– Phalanges in fingers• 1-5 starts with thumb

Humerus

• Head• Greater tubercle• Lesser tubercle• Deltoid tuberosity• Lateral epicondyle• Medial epicondyle• Capitulum• Trochlea

Radius and Ulna

• Radius– Head– Styloid process – Radial tuberosity

• Ulna– Styloid process

Wrist and Hand

• Carpals• Metacarpals• phalanges

Carpals

Metacarpals and Phalanges

Pelvic Girdle

• Made of 2 bones• Join with the lower

extremities• Differences between male

and female pelvis– Male

• Larger and heavier• Larger muscle attachments

– Female• Larger pelvic spaces• Pubic arch greater than 90

degrees

Lower Extremities

• 30 bones each• Consists of:– Femur– Patella– Fibula

• Lateral and smaller

– Tibia• Bigger and medial

– Tarsals in ankle– Metatarsals in foot (1-5)– Phalanges in toes (1-5)

Femur and Patella

• Head• Greater

trochanter• Lesser

trochanter• Lateral

epicondyle• Medial

epicondyle

Tibia and Fibula

• Tibia– Medial and larger– Tibial tuberosity– Lateral condyle– Medial condyle– Medial malleolus

• Fibula– Lateral and smaller– Head– Lateral mealleolus

Tarsals – Metatarsals - Phalanges

• Calcaneus• Talus• Cuboid• Navicular• Cuneiforms