appendix a: explanation3a978-1-4757... · 2017-08-24 · alkaline lamprophyres. a group of...
TRANSCRIPT
Appendix A: Abbreviations and Symbols
Explanation: Chemical elements are referred to by
standard symbols (Ba, Ce, Cr, etc.). Measurement units also have standard
symbols (em, ha, km, etc.) Mineral names have two letters, starting
with an initial capital letter (coined to avoid duplication with chemical element symbols). The only exceptions are Cpx and Opx, used because of their already widespread adoption. Normative minerals have the same abbreviations as modal minerals, but are italicised and in lower-case, e.g. ab, an, em, qz.
Rock-names and other terms have more than two letters, all in lower case.
Lamprophyre varieties have 2/3 letters and are in CAPITALS (e.g. AC), following Fig.1.2, App.B.
Compound names are hyphenated e.g. grt-porph = granite-porphyry, Gt-gran = garnet-granulite, Sp-lhz = spinellherzolite; they may include element symbols, e.g.Cr-Di = chrome-diopside.
Aa adularia Ab albite AB bostonite (App.B) abs absarokite (App.B) Ac analcime AC camptonite (Fig.1.2; App.B) AD doleritic AL (Fig.l.3) Ad andalusite Ae aegirine(-augite) M alkali feldspar ag agpaicity index =
molar (Na20+K20}/AI20:J Ah anhydrite Ai almandine ak normative akermanite AL alkaline lamprophyre (App.B) AM monchiquite (Fig.1.2; App.B) Am amphibole amph amphibolite An anorthite andes andesite ano anorthosite Ao anorthoclase AO ocellus in AL Ap apatite apl aplite
App. ark AS As assoc. At ban bas Bi By CA CAL Cb cbt Cc cc CE Ch C.I. Ci CK CM Cm cong CP Cpx cs Ct cum cv D.I.
Di dio Dl dlr dun eel En Ep Fez.D.J * FeU* fels fen Fo Fp Fs Gl..n
Ga gbr gdms ge glm
Appendix arkose sannaite (Fig.1.2; App.B) Association (Table 2.1) associated with actinolite banatite basalt biotite-phlogopite baryte appinite (Fig.1.2; App.B) calc-alkaline lamp (App.B) carbonate (Cc, Dl, etc.) carbona rite calcite malchite (App.B) kentallenite (Fig.1.2; App.B) chromite colour index (modal mafics cordierite kersantite (Fig.1.2; App.B) minette (Fig.l.2; App.B) corundum conglomerate porphyry (App.B) clinopyroxene spessartite (Fig.l.2; App.B) chlorite cumulate vogesite (Fig.l.2; App.B) Thornton-Tuttle differentiation index: qz + ab + or + ne + lc diopside diorite, microdiorite dolomite (mineral) dolerite dunite eclogite enstatite epidote/clinozoisite total Fe as Fe2D.J total Fe as FeO felsite fenite forsterite feldspar (alkali or plagioclase) ferrosilite garnet groups of Dawson & Stephens (1975) billion years (or gallium) gabbro groundmass normative gehlenite glimmerite
APPENDICES 215
gns gneiss MORB mid-ocean-ridge basalt Gr grossular garnet Mt magnetite and iron-spinels grdi granodiorite Mtn. mountain gran granulite Ne nepheline grt granite Ne-sye nepheline syenite Gt garnet ns normative Na2Si03 Hb hornblende Occ occurrence hfls hornfels Og oligoclase HFSE high field-strength element OIB ocean-island (alkali) basalt
(e.g. P, Zr, Nb, Th) 01 olivine Hm haematite oliv olivinite HREE heavy rare-earth (Er to Lu) Opx orthopyroxene hrz harzburgite Or orthoclase n ilmenite peg pegmatite int intergrowth (two or more perid peridotite
entries indicates mutuality) Pg pargasite intr intrusion PGE platinum-group element Kl Group 1 (mica-poor) KIL (Ru,Rh,Pd,Os,Ir,Pt) K2 Group 2 (mica-rich) KIL Ph phlogopite ka normative KA1Si04 (kalsilite) ph en phenocryst Kf K-feldspar phon phonolite KIL kimberlite (Fig.1.2; App.B) PI plagioclase feldspar ks normative K2Si03 Po pyrope garnet Kt kaersutite porph porphyry (App.B) KU rock transitional between porpht porphyrite (App.B)
kimberlite and aillik:ite ppb parts per bill ion Ia normative Ca2Si04 (larnite) ppm parts per million lamp (L) lamprophyre Pr prehnite Lc leucite Ps pseudoleucite LC cocite family (lamproites psm psammite
transition to minettes: App.B) pub!. published LF fitzroyite larnproite (App.B) Pv perovskite 1hz lherzolite Px pyroxene ULE iarge-ion lithophile element pxnt pyroxenite
(e.g. K,Rb,Sr,Ba,Cs) Py pyrite u jumillite lamproite (App.B) qqz quartzite LL lamproite (Fig.l.2; App.B) Qz quartz LO olivine-lamproite (App.B) Rc richterite LREE light rare-earth (La to Nd) REE rare-earth element 1st limestone rhy rhyolite LW wyomingite lamproite (App.B) Ru rutile Ma million years Sa sanidine mac macrocryst/megacryst sch schist MARID Mica-Amphibole-Rutile- Sd sodalite, nosean, haliyne
llmenite-Diopside inclusions serp serpemine Me monticellite shook shonkinite MDA multigroup linear shosh shoshonite (App.B)
discriminant analysis Sl sillimanite Me melilite Sp magnesian spinel metd metamorphosed sst sandstone mg magnesium-number St staurolite
(mole % Mg/[Mg+Fe2]: 65-80 sye syenite, microsyenite for primary (App.B) magmas) Th thompsonite
mg# mg with molar Fe3 /[Fe3+fe2] ring tinguaite normalized to lamprophyre TNT Ti-Nb-Ta, referring to -ve ratio of 55% (Table 5.1) anomalies on spidergrams
mig migmatite Tr tremolite-actinolite monz monzonite trach trachyte
216
UA UD UL urn UML
uo UP
LAMPROPHYRES
aillikite (Fig.L2; App.B) damkjemite (Fig.L2; App.B) alnoite (Fig.1.2; App.B) ultramafic ultramafic lamprophyre (Fig.l.2; App.B)
ouachitite (Fig.1.2; App.B) polzenite (Fig.l.2; App.B)
var web weh Wo WR xen Zc Ze
various websterite wehrlite wollastonite whole-rock xenolith/xenocryst zircon zeolite minerals
Appendix B: Glossaty of lamprophyres and ambiguous petrological terms
This glossary defines all known lamprophyric rock-names, and clarifies other terms whose definitions are obscure or controversial. Terms considered obsolete are *asterisked. Rock-names specifically approved by the lUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (Streckeisen 1976, 1979; Le Maitre 1989) are in BOLD CAPITALS. Other definitions are based on the consensus in Johannsen (1938), S!llrensen (1974), Tomkeieff (1983), Nixon (1987, p.761) and Bates & Jackson (1989).
Cross-references to other entries below are in bold type. In the main text, enclosure of a cited term in "double quotes" indicates that the usage does not agree with this glossary.
Absarokite. The basic member of the shoshonite association. A mildly potassic basaltic rock composed of plagioclase and clinopyroxene ± olivine and minor K-feldspar. Type locality Absaroka, Wyoming, USA. [Definition after Joplin 1968].
Accidental. Applies to xenoliths and xenocrysts of country wall rocks caught up by an intrusion. Opposite of cognate (Table 6.1).
Ach'uaine hybrid suite. A suite of highly heterogeneous, olivine-hornblende-biotite-rich rocks forming irregular, pipe-like bodies satellite to Caledonian granitoid plutons in Sutherland, Scotland. Range from ultramafic rocks (e.g. scyelite) to acidic rocks, with intermediate members formed by hybridisation of the two. Associated with calc-alkaline lamprophyre dykes, and closely related to the Appinite suite. Type locality Achu'aine, Sutherland, Scotland. The name means greenfield in Gaelic, and refers to the fertility of the soil over these bodies by comparison with the brown heath over the Moine psammite country-rocks.
Aillikite. See Table 1.1. Major variety of ultramafic lamprophyre consisting of combinations of forsteritic olivine, diopsidic pyroxenes, various amphiboles and phlogopite in a matrix of similar minerals with abundant primary carbonate and often minor perovskite, but little or no melilite or feldspathoids. Covers most rocks previously termed central complex kimberlite. Type locality Aillik Bay, Canada; named by Kranck {1939).
* Aiounite. An obscure local name for an augite-apatite-rich variety of perhaps hyalomonchiquite. Alkaline lamprophyres. A group of lamprophyres consisting of the rock-types camptonite,
rnonchiquite, sannaite, which correspond broadly to alkali basalts, basanites and nephelinites, but are considerably more enriched in volatile-elements (H20,C02, F, Cl) and to some extent in LILE elements {K, Rb, Ba, etc.)
Alkaline rock. An igneous rock carrying feldspathoids and/or soda pyriboles (aegirine, arfvedsonite, etc.), implying the presence of normative ne, /c,/a and/or ac, ns, ks. [Definition after Woolley 1987].
ALNOITE. See Table 1.1. Major variety of ultramafic lampropbyre consisting of combinations of forsteritic olivine, diopsidic pyroxenes, various amphiboles and phlogopite in a matrix of similar minerals with abundant melilite and often minor perovskite, primary carbonates and/or feldspathoids. Type locality Alnl:l, Sweden; named by Von Eckermann (1948).
Amygdale. Genetic term for a particular type of globular structure formed by condensation of a late-stage hydrothermal fluid into pre-existing cavities formed by gas bubbles.
Anchibasaltic rock. Termed applied by Wimmenauer (1973b) to alkaline lamprophyres. Ankaratrite. A biotite-rich nephelinite, marking among the closest equivalents among volcanic rocks to
ultramafic lamprophyres (Section 7.3.4). The type rock from Madagascar has 01 10, Cpx 26, Bi 8, Ne 14, II 12 (Johannsen 1938) and fits the present definition of ouacbitite; an associated melilite-ankaratrite fits the definition of alniiite.
* Antsohite. An obscure local name for a lamprophyric dyke rock from Antsohy, Madagascar, consisting of phenocrysts of biotite in a groundmass of biotite, hornblende and interstitial quartz. Probably a feldspar-poor kersantite.
Appinite. See Section 7.1.1. Originally defined by Bailey & Maufe in 1916 as "plutonic equivalents of the hornblende vogesites and spessartites" (see Bailey 1960), but since used to refer to a panoply of mostly unrelated hornblende-phyric minor intrusions, ranging from gabbro to monzogabbro, diorite, syenite and even granodiorite. Appinitic has generally been used to imply the presence of coarse euhedral homblendes and an association with more basic appinites. Restricted here to coarse-grained, K-rich, mafic equivalents of vogesites and spessartites, consisting essentially of abundant stumpy or prismatic hornblende ±
218 LAMPROPHYRES
clinopyroxene, in a matrix of plagioclase ± alkali feldspar, etc. The type appinites of Appin, Argyll (Scotland) are predominantly gabbroic, but many contain biotite and are more K-rich than normal gabbros.
Appinite suite. See Section 7.1.1. Term used in various previous senses, but here restricted to pipes and diatremes intimately associated with CAL dyke-swarms and granitoids. Covers the rock-types Ach'uaine
hybrid, appinite, kentallenite, scyelite, as well as various hornblende ±biotite-rich ultramafic, monzonitic, granodioritic and syenitic rocks. Excludes the older and variably metamorphosed microdiorite
suite of D.I.Smith (1979), which in turn excludes the West Highland appinite suite of MacGregor & Kennedy (1931) - the latter was so named because of assumed relationships which are now known to be false (D.I.Smith 1979). See below for term suite.
* Aschaffite. An obscure local name for a xenocrystic variety of kersantite. Autolith. A cognate inclusion of rock (rounded or angular) in a host of distinct composition, both being
derived from a common parent magma (see Table 6.1). This is a more general definition than Nixon (1987), who uses the term specifically for spheres nucleated around fragments.
* Baltorite. An obscure local name applied to vogesites from the Baltoro Glacier, Karakorum, Pakistan. Battlemented. See castellated. Belt. A geographical cluster of igneous rock occurrences, forming part of a province. A field is a
specific type. Analogous to formation in lithostratigraphical nomenclature. [Definition of Rock 1981]. * Bergalite. An obscure local name coined by Soellner (1913) for a variety of polzenite. Berondrite (~ foid mafraite). A hydrous theralite (foid gabbro), composed of kaersutite, titanaugite,
plagioclase, foid (mostly nepheline)± biotite± minor alkali feldspar. Named after Berondra, Madagascar. * Bizardite. An obscure local name coined by Stansfield (1923a) for ultramafic lamprophyres (mainly
aillikites) from Ile Bizard, Montreal, Canada. The occurrence has proved controversial (cf. Raeside & Helmstaedt 1982; R.H.Mitchell 1983).
Bostonite. See Section 8.5-8.6. A useful term for often altered, mildly alkaline, porphyritic, leucocratic dyke rocks intimately associated with some camptonite-monchiquite dyke-suites. Corresponds in JUGS terminology to porphyritic (biotite-hornblende) alkali feldspar trachyte or micro-alkali feldspar syenite.
Si02 content c. 60-65%. Type locality Boston, Mass, USA. Grades with increasing CI into maenite. Calc-alkaline lamprophyres. A group of lamprophyres consisting of the rock-types minette,
vogesites, kersantite, spessartite, appinite and kentallenite, which correspond very roughly to andesites but are considerably enriched in volatile elements (H20, C02 , F, Cl), and in LILE and mafic-ultramafic elements (K, Rb, Ba, Mg, Cr, Ni, etc). More closely approximated geochemically by some shoshonites and absarokites.
CAMPTONITE. See Table 1.1. Major variety of alkaline lamprophyre, composed of combinations of forsteritic olivine, kaersutite, titanaugite and titanbiotite phenocrysts in a matrix of the same (minus olivine), with plagioclase and sometimes subordinate alkali feldspar and feldspathoids. Type locality Campton Falls, New Hampshire, USA; named by Hawes in 1878 and redefined by Rosen busch.
* Camptospessartite. A confusing old name for camptonites from Lausitz, Germany, meant to indicate their occurrence in a 'Pacific' province; some are probably not lamprophyres at all.
* Cancarixite. An obscure local name for a diopside-phlogopite-sanidine lamproite from Cancarix, Spain.
* Cascadite. An obscure local name coined by Pirsson for a variety of lamprophyre transitional between minette and lamproite, from Cascade Creek, Highwood Mtns., Montana, USA.
Castellated. Refers to the characteristic texture of biotite-phlogopite phenocrysts in many lamprophyres (especially minettes), in which the shape resembles the battlements of a castle. See Fig.3.2d.
* Cedricite. A leucite-diopside lamproite. Type locality Mt.Cedric, W.Kimberley, Western Australia. * Central complex kimberlite. S((e Section 1.6.6. Term introduced by Dawson (1971,1980) and
formerly applied to aillikites occurring in carbonatite complexes. Recommended for abandonment by R.H.Mitchell (1970,1979,1986) and Dawson (1987,1989).
Cocite. See Fig.l.2. A local name coined by Lacroix for a olivine-diopside-phlogopite-sanidine-(leucite) rock from Coc Pia, North Vietnam, which Wagner & Velde (1986a) found to display some of the mineralogical characteristics of lamproites (e.g. leucite and magnetite), and some of minettes (e.g. no Ti-rich oxides or K-richterite). Applied here to all rocks transitional between minettes and lamproites, including those of Coc Pia, Sisco, Pendennis and Holsteinsborg (Table C4). These have low AI for minettes, and K/AI approaching unity, but do not carry the exotic mineralogy of true lamproites.
Cognate. Refers to phases which crystallized at some stage from the magma represented by their host rock; includes both assemblages which are in strict equilibrium with their host (phenocrysts, autoliths) and semi-cognate, high-P precipitates at greater depths. Opposite of foreign/accidental (Table 6.1).
APPENDICES 219
Composite dyke/sheet/sill. A body formed of two or more magma injections of distinct compositions such as lamprophyre and porphyry (cf. multiple). See Table 3.1.
Coppaelite. A local term for a rock composed of pyroxene, melilite and variable amounts of phlogopite. Probably identical with alniiite. Named after Coppaeli di Sotto, Umbria, Italy.
Cortlandtite. A hornblende-rich peridotite (olivine-hornblendite) which can be regarded as an ultramafic variety of appinite. Type locality Cortlandt complex, New York, USA. Named by Williams (1888).
* Cuselite. An obscure local name coined by Rosebusch for a variety of calc-alkaline lamprophyre intermediate between minette, vogesite, kersantite and spessartite, originally from Cusel, Saar, Germany.
Damkjernite (damtjernite). See Table 1.1. Rare variety of ultramafic lamprophyre consisting of combinations of forsteritic olivine, diopsidic pyroxenes, amphiboles and phlogopite in a matrix of similar minerals with abundant primary carbonates and often minor perovskite and/or feldspathoids, together with minor alkali feldspar but no melilite. Type locality Damtjem, Fen area, Norway; named by Br¢gger (1921).
Diatreme. See vent. Differentiation. Used as a general term to cover any igneous process by which a melt changes
composition without external intervention: includes fractional crystallization, liquid immiscibility, melt segregation, loss of volatiles, etc. but not hybridisation or contamination.
Durbachite. See Section 7.1.2. A local term coined by von Sauer (1893) for mela-syenitic rocks from Durbach, Schwarzwald, Germany composed of coarse biotite, pale green amphibole, orthoclase and prominent apatite. The type-rock forms the marginal facies of a granite pluton and grades into almost pure biotite rock, but other examples form enclaves, dykes and fairly large stocks. Probably a plutonic equivalent of minette or kersantite.
Dyke. A steeply-dipping and strongly discordant minor intrusion. Cf. sheet, sill. * Ehrwaldite. An obscure local name applied by Trommsdorf (1962a) to some monchiquites near
Ehrwald in the Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria. Enclave. Non-genetic term for a fragment of rock (rounded or angular) in a host of distinct composition.
Covers both autholith and xenolith. * Espichellite. An obscure local name applied to an analcime-rich camptonite from Cabo Espiche1 near
Lisbon, Portugal. Composed of Pl48, Ac 9, Aug+Hb 8, accessories 5%. * Eustratite. An obscure local name for a glassy variety of camptonite from Haghios Eustratios Island,
Aegean Sea. Composed of Af+Gl 34, PI 9, Bi 6, 01 5, opaques 20%. * Farrisite. An obscure local name coined by Br¢gger for a variety of alnoite from Lake Farris, Oslo
Province, Norway. Field. A geographically distinct cluster of pipes and/or vents, forming part of a province. A specific
type of belt. Analogous to formation in lithostratigraphical nomenclature. [Definition of Rock 1981]. Fitzroyite. A (diopside)-phlogopite-leucite lamproite. Type locality Fitzroy River, W.Kimberley region,
Western Australia. Used here as a family term for all the lamproites of similar petrology (Fig.1.2). * Florinite. An obscure local name for a melanocratic variety of monchiquite with phenocrysts of
olivine and augite and biotite in an altered matrix. * Fortunite. A phlogopite-lamproite often carrying enstatite (which may be xenocrystic). Type locality
Fortuna, SE Spain. • Fourchite. Has been applied in numerous conflicting senses: originally applied to olivine-free
monchiquite from Fourche Mtn., Arkansas, USA (Williams 1890), but subsequently to varieties of basanites (Fenner 1938). Since the type monchiquites are often olivine-poor, the term is superfluous.
* Fraidronite. An obscure local name for a variety of minette (see Velde 1970) from Brittany. * Garganite. An obscure local name for a variety of vogesite forming the centre of a dyke from Foggia,
Italy whose margins are kersantite. May be a hybrid, or possibly heteromorphic. * Gaussbergite. An obscure local name for an olivine-leucite lamproite from Gaussberg, Antarctica. * Gauteite. An obscure local name for intermediate dyke-rocks, here termed maenites. Named after
Gaute (Kouty), Cseske Stredehori, Czecoslovakia. * Giumarrite. An obscure local name for a variety of hornblende monchiquite from Giumarra, Sicily. Globular structure. Non-genetic, group term for irregular, drop-like, subrounded or circular, leucocratic
to hololeucocratic bodies in mafic (e.g. lamprophyric) host-rocks. Composed of combinations of apatite, biotite, carbonate, chlorite, epidote feldspar, feldspathoid (analcime, nepheline) or quartz, occasionally with amphibole or pyroxene. Some globular structures are dominated by silicate, others by carbonate minerals. Covers amygdales, ocelli, segregations, spherules, varioles. [Definition after Phillips 1973].
Group I kimberlite. Equivalent to 'basaltic kimberlite' of Wagner (1914). Phlogopite-poor kimberlite consisting essentially of olivine, serpentine and calcite. [Definition after Skinner 1989].
220 LAMPROPHYRES
Group II kimberlite. Equivalent to 'lamprophyric kimberlite' of Wagner (1914). Phlogopite-rich kimberlite. [Definition after Skinner 1989].
* Hamrongite. An obscure local name applied by Johannsen (1938) to a variety of quartz-bearing kersantite from Hamrong, Sweden.
* Hedrumite. An obscure local name coined by Brf,'!gger for syenitic rocks intimately associated with camptonites in the Hedrum area, Oslo Province, Norway. Bostonite here covers the same compositions.
* Heptorite. An obscure local name for a haiiyne-bearing variety of alkaline Iamprophyre from Siebengebirge (7 hills), Germany, the name coming from the Greek word for '7'. Composed of Cpx 30, Hb 8, haiiyne 8, glassy base with labradorite microlites 46%.
* Heronite. An obscure local name for feldspathoidal monzonitic rocks intimately associated with camptonites in the Heron Bay area of the Coldwell complex, Lake Superior, Canada. Maenite here covers the same compositions.
Heteromorphic. Applies to two or more rock-types which have essentially the same bulk chemistry but different modal compositions. Local heteromorphism indicates coexistence of the heteromorphs within a single igneous body, global heteromorphism a more general equivalence. Implies that a single magmatype can crystallize to more than one mineral assemblage under different conditions.
* Heumite. An obscure local name coined by Brf,'!gger for a variety of sannaite from Heum, Oslo Province, Norway. Composed of Bi+Hb 45, Or 40, foids 8%.
* Holmite. An apochryphallocal name misapplied by Flett (1900) to monchiquites from Orkney, in which apatite had been misidentified as melilite (Flett 1935, p.185).
Hyalomonchiquite. A monchiquite with a predominantly glassy base (which may, on crystallization, give rise to combinations of feldspathoids and feldspars).
Inclusion. Refers to all rock and crystal fragments coarser than their host rock (Table 6.1). * Jerseyite. An obscure local name formerly applied to minettes from Jersey, Channel Is. (Ve1de 1970). Jumillite. An olivine-diopside-phlogopite-Ieucite-sanidine lamproite. Type locality, Jumilla, Spain.
Used here as a family term for alllamproites of similar petrology (Fig.l.2). * Kajanite. An obscure local name coined by Lacroix for a rock carrying olivine, diopside, phlogopite,
Cr-spinel, magnetite, leucite, nepheline and minor richterite, from Kajan River, Kalimantan, Indonesia. Probably a cocite: its richterite and leucite are typical of lam proites, but its whole-rock and mineral AI contents are more typical of minettes; however, the nepheline is typical of neither (Wagner 1986).
Kamafugite = katungite + mafurite + ugandite, Ugandan K-rich ultrabasic volcanic rocks. May be UML. * Kamperite. An obscure local name coined by Brf,'!gger for a variety of minette from Kamperhaug, Fen
district, Norway. Katungite. Name applied by Holmes to an extrusive ultrapotassic, melanocratic olivine-melilitite from
Katunga volcano, SW Uganda, carrying combinations of leucite, kalsilite, nepheline and glass. Appears to be chemically similar to some ultramafic lamprophyres (Sections 1.6.4, 7.3.5).
Kentallenite. See Section 7.1.1. A K- and Mg-rich rock belonging to the appinite suite. Variously termed olivine-monzonite and shoshonitic picrite; would be termed biotite-olivine-monzogabbro on the Streckeisen (1976) nomenclature. A plutonic equivalent of spessartite and vogesite. Distinctively features two forsteritic olivine generations, the earlier mantled by pyroxene and phlogopite ±hornblende; all members of Bowen's discontinuous and continuous reaction series may thus be present. Type locality Kentallen, Appin, Argyll, Scotland; named by Teall in 1897 (Hill & Kynaston 1900).
KERSANTITE. See Table 1.1. A calc-alkaline lamprophyre consisting of phenocrysts of phlogopite-biotite, with or without subordinate calcic hornblende, forsteritic olivine or diopsidic clinopyroxene, in a groundmass of the same plus plagioclase and subordinate alkali feldspar. Type locality Kersanton, Brittany, France; named by Delesse in 1851.
KIMBERLITE. A group of volatile-rich potassic ultrabasic rocks, classified by the lUGS (Le Maitre 1989) as "a variety of lamprophyric rock", and here therefore regarded (Fig.l.2) as a family within the lamprophyre clan, which forms small subvolcanic pipes, dykes and sills. Commonly, kimberlites show a distinctive inequigranular texture reflecting the presence of macrocrysts in a fine-grained matrix. Macrocrysts may included rounded anhedral picroilmenite, Cr-poor titanian pyrope, forsteritic olivine, Cr-poor pyroxene, phlogopite, enstatite and Ti-poor chromite. Matrix minerals include euhedral primary olivine and/or phlogopite, together with combinations of perovskite, titanian magnesian aluminous chromite, magnesian ulvOspinel-magnetite, AI-Ti-poor diopside, monticellite, apatite, calcite and primary serpentine. See also Group I, Group II kimberlite. [Consensus definition between those of Clement era/. (1984) and R.H.Mitchell1986,1989]. Type locality Kimberley, S.Africa; named by Lewis in 1879.
* K vellite. An obscure local name coined by Brf,'!gger for a melanocratic variety of sannaite from K velle, Oslo Province, Norway.
APPENDICES 221
LAMPROITE. Term coined by Niggli (1923) for a group of often glass-rich, hypabyssal or (commonly) volcanic, lamprophyric rocks characterized geochemically by ultrabasic to intermediate levels of Si02, high to extremely high MgO and K20, with molar K20/Na20 > 4, K20/Al203 > 0.8 (usually > 1, i.e. perpotassic) and mg (Appendix A) > 70%. Mineralogically, they contain combinations of titanian Al-poor phlogopite, Al-poor diopside, forsteritic olivine, potassium titanium richterite and/or riebeckitearfvedsonite (sensu IMA 1978), Ba-Fe-rich sanidine, analcime, leucite, perovskite, armalcolite, spinel, and diagnostic rare minerals such as jeppeite, priderite, shcherbakovite and wadeite. Ilmenite is rare, and soda feldspathoids (nepheline, sodalite, nosean, haiiyne), kalsilite, melanite, melilite, monticellite and primary plagioclase are all absent. Originally regarded as extrusive lamprophyres, and classified by the lUGS (Le Maitre 1989) as a "variety of lamprophyric rock", so here considered to be a particular branch of the lamprophyre clan. [Based on consensus of definitions in Jaques et al. 1984a,I986; Scott Smith & Skinner 1984b, R.H.Mitchell1985 and Bergman 1987). See also discussion in Section 1.3.
LAMPROPHYRE. Termed coined by Giimbel (1874) for dyke-rocks from Germany with glistening biotite phenocrysts, and derived from the Greek Mxll7tPOO 7t0pltl]1jfpoo (=glistening porphyry). See text!
* Lamprophyric kimberlite. Old name used by Wagner (1914) for Group II kimberlite. LAMPROPHYRIC ROCK. Group term recommended by the lUGS (Le Maitre 1989) to cover
lamprophyres, lamproites and kimberlites; adopted here in the same way, as a 'clan' name (Fig.1.2). Lamproschist. A metamorphosed, schistose variety of lamprophyre, typically composed of apatite,
biotite, chlorite, feldspars and sometimes relict primary phases such as clinopyroxene, hornblende or olivine. May preserve the characteristic geochemistry of lamprophyres.
* Luhite. An obscure local name coined by Scheumann (1913) for a haiiyne-bearing variety of polzenite from Luh, Czechoslovakia.
Macrocryst. Non-genetic term for a macrosopically discernible crystal, significantly larger than the groundmass in which it is set. Covers megacrysts, phenocrysts, xenocrysts. [Definition of Clement et a1.1984a]. See Table 6.1.
* Madupite. An melanocratic diopside-phlogopite lamproite. Name derives from an Indian word for the district in Wyoming where the rock occurs.
Madupitic lamproite. Group term used by R.H.Mitchell (1985) to refer to lamproites with poikilitic groundmass phlogopite Gumillites, madupites, wolgidites, etc.)
Maenite. A useful shorthand for intermediate, often altered, mildly alkaline porphyritic dyke-rocks, intimately associated with some camptonite-monchiquite dyke-suites. Corresponds in lUGS terminology to porphyritic (biotite-hornblende-quartz) trachyandesite. Si02 content c. 50-60%. Type locality Lake Maena, Oslo Province, Norway. Covers gauteites, heronites, etc. Grades into bostonite with decreasing Cl.
Mafraite. A hydrous alkali gabbro, composed of brown (kaersutitic) amphibole, clinopyroxene, plagioclase ±biotite± minor quartz. Bulk composition silica-undersaturated due to amphibole, despite possible presence of quartz, but much less so than berondrite. Named after Mafra, Sintra complex, Portugal.
Magma-type. Used in much the same sense as in the classic Mull Memoir (Bailey et al.1924) -'Porphyritic Central magma-type', etc.- to refer to a limited compositional range of closely related melts, whose crystalline products show coherent petrographical and geochemical features, are associated together in one geological setting, and give rise to a recognizable evolutionary magma-series. Strictly, the term 'melt-type' should be used here, but was avoided because of this precedence.
Malchite. A rock long classified with the lamprophyres (Johannsen 1938), and now a useful shorthand for porphyritic dyke-rocks transitional between calc-alkaline lamprophyres and porphyrites. Composed of biotite and/or hornblende and very minor plagioclase phenocrysts in an andesitic biotite-hornblendequartz-plagioclase matrix. Corresponds in JUGS terminology to weakly plagioc/ase-phyric (biotitehornblende-quartz) microdioritelandesite. Cl < 30%, Si02 c. 57-63%. Type locality Malchen, Germany.
* Mamilite. A richterite-leucite lamproite. Type locality Mamilu Hill, W.Kimberley region, Australia. * Markfieldite. Originally used for a granophyric diorite from Markfield, English Midlands, but reapplied
by Kennedy & Read (1936) to a spessartite from SW Scotland. The original rock is a granitoid, though intimately associated with lamprophyre dykes; the second is a true lamprophyre (Macdonald eta/. 1986).
Megacryst. A large macrocryst (usually taken to imply > 5 mm longest dimension). Meimechite. A type of glassy, porphyritic, alkali picrite lava, regarded by some Russian petrologists as
equivalent to kimberlite, but mostly now believed to be quite distinct (R.H.Mitchell1986; Section 7.3.3). Mesothermal. Applied to gold deposits which form at relatively substantial depths; used in
contradistinction to epithermal (high-level, subvo:canic) deposits and not intended to have any age connotation, although the majority of mesothermal deposits happen to be Archaean.
Melt. Used as a non-specific term to cover the uncertain physical condition of lamprophyres when they are emplaced. Does not necessary imply a fully liquid silicate magma in the conventional sense, but may cover
222 LAMPROPHYRES
a hydrothermal fluid, a crystal-charged, gas-rich, fluidized phase, etc. Mica-peridotite. A widely used but unacceptably vague term for rocks which are mostly
olivine-lamproites or, in a few cases, ultramafic lamprophyres. MINETTE. See Table 1.1. A calc-alkaline lamprophyre consisting of phenocrysts of phlogopite
biotite, with or without subordinate calcic or alkali amphibole, forsteritic olivine or diopsidic clinopyroxene, in a groundmass of the same plus alkali feldspar and subordinate plagioclase. The word is also used by German miners for a type of pisolitic iron ore.
* Modlibovite. An obscure local name coined by Scheumann (1922) for a variety of polzenite containing olivine and biotite phenocrysts in a groundmass of melilite and nepheline, from Modlibov, Csechoslovakia.
MONCHIQUITE. See Table 1.1. Major variety of alkaline lamprophyre composed of combinations of forsteritic olivine, kaersutite, titanaugite and titanbiotite phenocrysts in a matrix of the same (minus olivine), with nepheline (nepheline-monchiquite), analcime (analcime-monchiquite) and/or glass (hyalomonchiquite) but no modal feldspars. Type locality Serra de Monchique, Algarve, Portugal; named by Weveke in 1880, redefined by Hunter & Rosenbusch (1890).
* Mondhaldeite. An obscure local name for a leucite-bearing rock from Mondhalde, Kaiserstuhl, Germany which some authors have rather doubtfully called a lamprophyre. Composed of Or 38, Pl40, CpX+Hb 15.
* Murambite. A leucite basanite or absarokite from Murambe volcano, Uganda composed of olivine, augite, An4s plagioclase, soda anorthoclase, leucite, opaques and glass, which appears to be among the closest chemical equivalents among volcanic rocks to kersantite.
Multiple intrusion. A body formed of two or more magma-injections of broadly similar composition but differing macroscopic or microscopic texture (e.g. ocellar and non-ocellar lamprophyre ).
Ocellus. Descriptive term for a particular type of globular structure which is well-rounded (hence ocellar = eye-like) and usually well demarcated from its host by a discontinuous or complete rim of tangential biotite or (more rarely) some other platy or acicular mineral.
Occurrence. Any local manifestation of igneous activity formed over a limited time, which can be regarded as a distinct geographical entity, and probably formed from a single parent magma-type or limited range of such magmas. Covers anything from single isolated dykes or plugs to volcanoes or plutons (including their associated volcanic and/or hypabyssal rocks). Grouped into larger scale fields/belts and provinces. Analogous to member in conventional lithostratigraphical nomenclature. [Definition of Rock 1981].
* Odinite. An obscure local term, named after the Odenwald, Germany, for what are here termed malchites. Trager says the rock is a dense contact facies of spessartite, others that it is a fine-grained malchite; malchite is preferred here because the original odinite may be a hornfels.
Olivine-lamproite. Name now routinely applied to ultrabasic, Mg-rich varieties of lamproites, notably from the W.Kimberley province, W.Australia. Applied here (by analogy with definitions of komatiitic versus basaltic rocks) to those lamproites with whole-rock MgO > 20% (see Fig.8.2) either from the W.Kimberley province itself, or from other areas where not already given a specific name. Thus it applies to most samples from the Prairie Creek lamproite, Arkansas.
Orangite. A name half-seriously suggested by R.H.Mitchell (1989) for Group II kimberlites, derived from the Orange River, southern Africa.
* Orendite. A diopside-sanidine-phlogopite-lamproite. Type locality Orenda Butte, Wyoming, USA. Ouachitite. See Table 1.1. Originally defined as a biotite-rich monchiquite but now as a rare variety of
ultramafic lamprophyre consisting of combinations of forsteritic olivine, diopsidic pyroxenes, various amphiboles and phlogopite in a matrix of similar minerals with abundant primary carbonates and feldspathoids, often with minor perovskite, but little or no melilite. Type locality Ouachitas Mtns., Arkansas, USA; named by Williams (1890).
Panidiomorphic. Refers to the characteristic porphyritic texture of lamprophyres, in which nearly all the phenocrysts (olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite) are strongly euhedral.
Parental melt. The melt which gives rise to a series of igneous rocks by differentiation. Most parental melts are also primitive, some are primary.
Peralkaline. Applies to rocks in which molecular [K20 + Na20J > Alz03, leading to the absence of plagioclase and the presence of soda pyriboles.
Perpotassic. Applies to rocks in which molecular K20 > Al20 3, leading to the absence of plagioclase and the presence of minerals such as priderite and wadeite.
Phenocryst. Genetic term for a large cognate crystal which crystallised from the same melt as the groundmass in which it is set. Cf. xenocryst.
Phlogopite lamproite. Group term used by R.H.Mitchell (1985) to refer to lamproites with resorbed phenocrystic phlogopite (cedricites, fitzroyites, orendites, wyomingites, etc.)
APPENDICES 223
* Picrophyre. An obscure local name for an olivine-bearing augite minette. Pipe. A subvertical minor intrusion, circular to irregular in plan, often funnel-shaped in cross-section, and
up to a few km in diameter, filled mostly by magmatic rather than pyroclastic rocks. Cf. vent. POLZENITE. See Table 1.1. Rare variety of ultramafic lamprophyre consisting of combinations of
forsteritic olivine, diopsidic pyroxenes, various amphiboles and phlogopite in a matrix of similar minerals with abundant melilite and feldspathoids, plus often minor perovskite and primary carbonates. Type locality Polzen area, Bohemia, Czechoslovakia.
Porphyrite. See Table 1.3. An old term useful for intermediate members of lamprophyre-porphyriteporphyry dyke-suites. Composed of plagioclase, biotite and/or hornblende and sometimes minor quartz phenocrysts in a dacitic biotite-hornblende-quartz-feldspar matrix. Corresponds in lUGS terminology to richly p/agioclase-phyric (biotite-hornblende-quartz) microtonaliteldacite. Si02 c. 63-70%. Considered equivalent to porphyry until 18th century petrographers restricted it to more basic varieties.
Porphyry. See Table 1.3. An old term useful for acidic members of lamprophyre-porphyrite-porphyry dyke-suites. Composed of combinations of plagioclase, alkali feldspar, quartz, biotite and/or hornblende phenocrysts in a rhyolitic biotite-hornblende-quartz-feldspar matrix. Corresponds in lUGS terminology to porphyritic (biotite-hornblende-quartz) micro granite/rhyolite. Si02 c. 67-75%. Qualified as quartzporphyry, feldspar-porphyry depending on phenocrysts present. Pliny and Agricola apply the name to a purplish rock quarried in ancient Egypt; derives from a Greek work for the dyestuff Tyrian purple.
Potassic rock. An alkaline rock having wt.% K20 > [Na2o- 2) (Le Bas eta/. 1986). Leucite and sadie feldspathoids (analcime, nepheline, etc.) may coexist.
Primary melt. An undifferentiated melt which is still chemically in equilibrium with mantle source; implies an mg (Appendix A)= 70%, coupled with high Sc, Cr, Co and Ni. [Definition of Rhodes 1981].
Primitive melt. Implies a melt which, though no longer in equilibrium with its mantle source, has undergone only slight differentiation and thus still retains a high mg, Sc, Cr, Co and Ni.
Province. A regional assemblage of igneous rocks formed at roughly the same time in the same area, and showing considerable compositional affinity. Subdivided into fields/belts and occurrences and sometimes grouped into super-provinces. For example, the Ellendale 9 pipe is one occurrence within the Miocene Ellendale field of the West Kimberley lamproite province, NW Australia. The Highwood Mountains constitute one occurrence within the Montana K-rich province of the Tertiary Cordilleran super-province of alkaline rocks in North America. Can encompass extended periods of magmatism as long as the products are geographically and compositionally coherent. Also covers rare occurrences separated by seas and oceans formed by subsequent plate tectonism (e.g. the Hercynian lamprophyres of continental Europe, SW England and Carolina, USA - Fig.2.5). Analogous to group in conventional lithostratigraphical nomenclature. [Definition of Rock 1981).
* Prowersite (prowersose). An obscure local name applied by Cross (1906) to a variety of minette or possibly lamproite from Two Buttes, Colorado, USA.
* Raabsite. An obscure local name coied by Waldemann for a variety of microcline-bearing minette from Raabs, Csechoslovakia.
Redwitzite. See Section 1 .1.2. A local group-name for coarse-grained lamprophyric rocks characterized by large biotite and/or hornblende phenocrysts or schlieren, and varying from rare gabbroic types with relics of olivine and onhopyroxene (C.!. =75%), through dominant biotite-meladioritic to biotite-granodioritic rocks (C.I. =25%). Probably plutonic equivalents of kersantite. Named by Willman (1920) after a small pluton at Markredwitz, Bavaria. Also forms inclusions and schlieren in granites and gneisses.
SANNAITE. See Table 1.1. Minor variety of alkaline lamprophyre (AL) composed of combinations of forsteritic olivine, kaersutite, titanaugite and titanbiotite phenocrysts in a matrix of the same (minus olivine), with alkali feldspar and subordinate plagioclase and feldspathoids. Type locality Sanna, Norway; named by Br~gger (1921).
* Scyelite. An obscure local term for biotite-hornblende-peridotites of the Achu'aine hybrid suite, from Loch Scye, Sutherland, Scotland (Judd 1885). Similar to cortlandtite, but has biotite in addition.
Segregation. A type of globular structure, gradational with its host rock, and often highly irregular in shape. Segregations are much less easily distinguished from their host than ocelli.
* Selagite. A K-rich lava from the Roman province, belonging to Niggli's lampro-sommaitic magma, which appears to be transitional between minette and lamproite (Section 7.1.6). The name was derived in 1822 by Haiiy from a Greek word meaning "to beam brightly", referring to the glistening biotite, and is thus closely related to lamprophyre. Type rock cow.posed of 52% Sa, 27 Ph, 10% Di, 4% Qz.
* Semi-lamprophyre. Term coined by Marco (1958) for rocks here called malchite. Sheet. Term used here for all minor intrusions which do not conform to the definition of either dyke or
sill: e.g. concordant vertical, discordant horizontal or intermediate bodies.
224 LAMPROPHYRES
Shoshonite. Intermediate (andesitic) member of the shoshonite association, composed of plagioclase with K-feldspar rims; clinopyroxene and sometimes minor olivine.
Shoshonite association/series. Group term for the series of shoshonitic rocks from basic (absarokite) through intermediate (shoshonite) to acidic (latite). [Definition of Joplin 1966,1968].
Shoshonitic. A group of mildly potassic rocks (K20 = Na20), transitional in mineralogy and chemistry between calc-alkaline and alkaline series. They have higher K20 for a given SiOz content than calc-alkaline rocks, leading to the crystallisation of alkali feldspar in more basic compositions (often as overgrowths on plagioclase). However, they lack the soda pyriboles and feldspathoids of true alkaline rocks. Includes absarokite, latite, some monzonites, shoshonite, shonkinite. [Definition of Joplin 1966,1968].
Shoshonitic lamprophyre. Synonymous with calc-alkaline lamprophyre. Sill. A gently-dipping and (near-)concordant minor intrusion. Cf. dyke, sheet. * Sizunite. An obscure local name applied by Cogne (1962) and others to a microcline-bearing minette
from Finisterre (Brittany), France. * Soda minette. A name applied since the late 19th century to plagioclase-free, peralkaline minettes
carrying sodic pyriboles (aegirine, arfvedsonite, etc.) Abandoned here in deference to Bachinski (1986). Sodic rock. An alkaline rock having Na20 > K20. The dominant feldspathoids are analcime,
cancrinite, nepheline, and/or sodalite minerals, and the dominant amphiboles are arfvedsonite, riebeckite, hastingsite, kaersutite, etc. Covers the great majority of alkaline rock varieties (nepheline syenites and phonolites, nephelinites and ijolites, alkali basalts and gabbros, theralites, etc.)
SPESSARTITE. See Table 1.1. A calc-alkaline lampropbyre consisting of phenocrysts of calcic hornblende, with or without subordinate phlogopite-biotite, forsteritic olivine or diopsidic clinopyroxene, in a groundmass of the same plus plagioclase and subordinate alkali feldspar. Type locality Spessart, Germany.
Suite. Term used sensu Bowes & McArthur (1976), Rock (1981) to indicate any assemblage of petrologically related igneous rocks that habitually occurs together in space and time. See appinite suite.
Super-province. Termed used to cover certain exceptionally large-scale manifestations of igneous activity which cover several examples which have been termed provinces. Analogous to supergroup in conventional lithostratigraphical nomenclature. [Definition of Rock 1981].
* Tamaraite. An obscure local name coined by Lacroix for a variety of feldspathoid-rich alkaline lamprophyre (transitional between monchiquite and camptonite) from Tamara Is., Los Archipelago, Guinea. Composed of Cpx+Hb+Bi 60, Ne 50, Fp 10%.
* Tjosite. An obscure local name coined by Bll!lgger for a melanocractic variety of sannaite from Tjose, Oslo Province, Norway. Composed of Cpx 49, ore 20, Ne 10, Ap 7, Or 6, Bi 5%.
* Topsailite. An obscure local name coined by Lacroix for a variety of camptonite from Topsail, Tamara Is., Los Archipelago, Guinea.
Ugandite. A potassic olivine-leucitite, composed of leucite, clinopyroxene and olivine in a glassy matrix. Ultramafic lamprophyres. A group of lamprophyres consisting of the rock-types aillikite,
alnoite, damtjernite, ouachitite and polzenite, which correspond broadly to melililites and melilite-nephelinites, but are considerably enriched in volatile elements (H20, C02, F, Cl) and LILE elements (K, Rb, Ba, Mg, Cr, Ni, etc).
Ultrapotassic rock. An alkaline rock having K20 » Na20. Leucite (pseudoleucite) or kalsilite are the dominant feldspathoids, and any amphibole is usually potassium richterite. Includes several groups of rocks: ultrapotassic fenites, kamafugites (katungites, etc.) and lamproites [Definition of Foley et al. 1987].
Variole. A non-genetic term for a spherulitic globular structure, typically composed of radiating plagioclase or pyroxene. Usually applied to basic igneous rocks. [Definition after Bates & Jackson 1989].
Vaugnerite. See Section 7.1.2. A local name for texturally and compositionally variable varieties of hornblende-biotite-diorite or monzonite, with abundant accessories, apatite, allanite, magnetite, pyrite and sphene Originally defined by Drian in 1849 after Vaugneray, near Lyons, France where they form basic enclaves and dykes in granites. The type-rocks (Michel-Levy and Lacroix 1887; Lacoix 1917; Johannsen 1938) have Qz 5, Or I, PI 30, Hb 42, Bi 21. Almost certainly a plutonic equivalent of kersantite.
Vaugnerite series. See Section 7.1.2. Informal term used here to refer collectively to durbachite, redwitzite and vaugnerite, implying petrological similarity but no spatial or temporal relationship.
Vent (= diatreme). A subvertical minor intrusion, circular to irregular in plan, often funnel-shaped in cross-section, and up to a few km in diameter, filled mostly by pyroclastic rocks and breccias. Cf. pipe.
*VERITE. A glassy olivine-diopside-phlogopite lamproite. Type locality Vera, SE Spain. * Vesecite. An obscure local name coined by Scheumann (1922) for a variety of polzenite carrying
monticellite from Vesec Svetla, Czechoslovakia. VOGESITE. See Table 1.1. Rare variety of calc-alkaline lampropbyre consisting of phenocrysts of
calcic hornblende, with or without subordinate phlogopite-biotite, forsteritic olivine or diopsidic
APPENDICES 225
clinopyroxene, in a groundmass of the same plus alkali feldspar and subordinate plagioclase. Type locality Vosges Mtns., France; named by Rosenbusch in 1887.
• Wesselite. An obscure local name coined by Scheumann (1922) for a variety of polzenite from Wesseln, Bohemia.
* Wolgidite. A richterite-diopside-phlogopite-leucite lamproite. Type locality Wolgidee Hills, W.Kimberley region, Western Australia.
Wyomingite. A diopside-phlogopite-leucite lamproite. Type locality Leucite Hills, Wyoming, USA. Used here as a family term for alllamproites of similar petrology (Fig.1.2).
Yamaskite. Term used here for ultramafic, hornblende-pyroxene-rich cumulate variants of camptonites, composed of titanaugite, kaersutite and minor calcic plagioclase. Named after rocks from Mt.Yamaska, Quebec, Canada, which are anorthite-bearing hornblende-pyroxenites.
Xenocryst. Foreign crystal normally of larger size than the groundmass in which it is set (Table 6.1). Xenolith. Foreign fragment of rock (rounded or angular) in a host of distinct composition (Table 6.1).
Appendix C: Global compilation of lamprophyre occurrences
The 8 tables here detail occurrences of 4 groups of rocks:
(1) Confirmed lamprophyres (Tables C1-C6, Figs.2.1-2.13): rocks described by their original authors as lamprophyres, or under one of the variety names in Fig.l.2, which are sufficiently well documented to be seen to agree with the defmitions in Chapter 1; only kimberlites are omitted, because they are already covered by several monographs.
(2) Unconfirmed lamprophyres (Table C7, distinguished mostly by unfilled symbols on Figs.2.1-2.13): as group (1), but insufficiently documented to be sure of their affinities; this covers all rocks for which few or no petrographical or geochemical data are available.
(3) Apochryphal "lamprophyres" (Table C8, not compiled on Figs.2.1-2.13): as (1), but well enough described to know they violate definitions in Appendix B and Chapter 1.
(4) Additional lamprophyres (specifically flagged, but included in Tables Cl-C6): rocks not originally called "lamprophyres" but which fit the present defmitions.
Entries in each table are sorted according to: (1) country; (2) petrographic province; (3) occurrence (Appendix B). Readers will note that some entries are duplicated between Tables C1 and C5 only; C5 concentrates on the appinite suite and vaugnerite series only (Sections 7.1.1-7 .1.2), and Table C1 to that dealing with lamprophyres with or without these rocks.
Despite their bulk, these compilations are preliminary, not least because information available varies so substantially in both quality and quantity from area to area. In particular, papers concerning lamprophyres alone rarely cover all the information compiled (especially age and tectonic setting): this usually has to be gleaned from complementary papers describing associated major intrusions. Therefore, because there are commonly far more papers describing the plutonic rocks, only an incomplete compilation can be entertained here. Furthermore, a certain mixing of fact and interpretation has been unavoidable: the As column should be regarded with particular caution, for reasons elaborated in Chapter 8, and the Age column necessarily summarises multitudinous inferences from geological relationships as well as (occasionally conflicting) results from one or more direct dating methods. Wherever possible, the degree of certainty of each piece of information is carefully annotated. In the Province column, for example, - indicates that the occurrence is sufficiently well documented to indicate that it does not belong to any known province, whereas ? indicates that insufficient (or no) age data are available to indicate which of several possible provinces in the surrounding region it might belong to.
As Woolley (1987) found in a similar compilation, the matter of what should constitute a single entry also presents formidable difficulties. Complete consistency is unachievable for 2 reasons. (1) Natural distribution: some geographically isolated bodies (e.g. Malaita in Table C3) clearly warrant individual entries, even though their magma volumes are dwarfed by regional dyke-swarms which also receive only single entries (e.g. Bohemian Mass in Table Cl). This inconsistency in the size of 'occurrences' (Appendix B) defined can nevertheless be legitimized from the analogous yet accepted variation of lithostratigraphic Formations from feather-edges to enormous thicknesses. (2) Information availability: in the best documented areas (e.g. North Sea province, Table C2), entries can be subdivided to cover small areas and/or distinct magmatic episodes, whereas at the other extreme (e.g. some Russian occurrences), only a single entry may be constructed for what appear to be large dyke-swarms comprising many thousands of bodies and square kilometres of ground.
Where different types of coeval lamprophyres within the same province are spatially
APPENDICES 227
separated, these have, as far as possible, been distributed across the appropriate tables (e.g. entries for the Ouachitas Province occur in each of Tables Cl,C2,C3,C4). Table C6, by contrast, attempts to syphon off examples where the coexistence is more intimate: that is, at the occurrence (rather than province) level. More arbitrary choices have necessarily been involved where the degree of intimacy is unclear.
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Alg
eria
- (F
ig.2
.12)
Ant
arct
ica
- (Fig
.2.1
)
Arg
enti
na
- (Fig
.2.1
)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
Au
stra
lia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
Fig
s.2.
1/8)
A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(NS
W)
Bel
t F
igs.
2.1/
8)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
(Fig
s.
2.1
& 2
.8)_
A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(NS
W)
Bel
t I (F
igs.
2.1/
8)
Aus
tral
ia
-(N
1)
(Fig
s.2.
1 &
2.
8)
Aus
tral
ia
-(N
1)
(Fig
s.2.
1 &
2.
8)
Aus
tral
ia
-(S
A)
(Fig
s.2.
1 &
2.
8)
Aus
tral
ia
C.A
ustr
alia
(T
AS
) M
obil
e B
elt
Fi~s
.2.1
/8)
Aus
tral
ia
C.A
ustr
alia
(T
AS
) M
obil
e B
elt
i (F
iRs.
2.1/
8)
1 a01
e L
1. co
nn
rmea o
ccu
rren
ces
ot
catc
-atK
alln
e ta
mp
rop
n
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm ;
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Oue
d M
csse
lmou
n/
B
~11 (
K-A
r)
CK
2
dyke
s; a
ssoc
iate
d O
ued
Har
bil,
with
mic
rom
onzo
nite
C
herc
hel
stoc
ks &
lac
coli
ths
S.V
icto
ria
Lan
d A
~470 (
K-A
r C
K
Gm
nite
Har
bour
R
b-Sr
) cs
int
rusi
ve s
uite
; I p
orph
yry
dyke
s L
a R
ioja
pro
vinc
e A
la
mp:
cs
C
uest
a de
Mir
anda
ap
lite
s, "
filo
nite
s,"
295±
20
CK
gr
anit
oid
plut
on
"cat
acla
site
s"
'grt
:348
±22
Je
nola
n C
aves
A
D
evon
ian
CK
D
yke;
ass
oc.
ande
site
, (F
igs.
2.1
&
2.8
) po
rphy
ry,
fels
ite d
ykes
I g
ran
ito
id p
luto
ns
Mt.
Woo
loom
a R
~85 (
K-A
r)
CM
Sin
gle
dyke
; pa
rt o
f V
ario
us o
ther
lam
ps
asse
mbl
age
incl
udin
g (?
AM
, ?U
L)
of
basa
lts,
tes
chen
ites
un
know
n ag
e in
are
a N
ew E
ngla
nd R
ange
A
I P
ost-
CM
D
ykes
; pr
obab
ly r
elat
e< "
Cam
pton
ites
" m
ay
(eg
Att
unga
,Eum
bra,
C
arbo
n if-
CV
to
Hil
lgro
ve,T
ingh
a or
be
CS
or a
noth
er
Hil
lgro
ve N
undl
e)
erou
s cs
oth
er g
rani
toid
plu
tons
la
mp
suit
e M
t.Dro
med
ary
Bl
94-1
00
C?
Lam
p dy
kes;
15
smal
l (K
-Ar,
cs
plu
tons
of
mon
z, p
xnt
Rb-
Sr)
ban,
sha
nk
sye,
etc
. T
umut
/Hap
py
A
CA
B
elt o
f dy
kes
and
pipe
s Ja
cks/
Ade
long
cs
par
alle
l to
mar
gins
of
Lac
hlan
gra
nito
ids
Pin
e C
reek
inl
ier(
e.g
A
L &
gn:
C
M M
LB
unde
y, M
t.G
oyde
S
ynch
rono
us
ML
Bun
dey,
Tom
's
1812
±36
an
d ot
her
gran
itoi
d &
A
u-A
g±U
G
ully
, Woo
dcut
ters
) (R
b-Sr
) sy
enit
oid
plut
ons
min
eral
izat
ion
Ten
nant
Cre
ek
A
larn
p:l6
64
CM
Ten
nant
Cre
ek
lam
ps a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
±16;
grt:
gr
anit
oid
plut
ons
youn
ger
of
2 gr
anit
oic
-185
0-70
ph
ases
M
annu
m, n
r.A
dela
id
A
? cs
Sin
gle
dyke
in
smal
l T
rans
itio
nal
to
gran
itoi
d in
! ier
am
ong
mal
chit
e C
aino
zoic
sed
imen
ts
Kin
g Is
land
R
~137 (
K-A
rl C
M A
few
dyk
es c
utti
ng
earl
ier
gran
ites
W.c
oast
sw
arm
s R
? ?M
iddl
e A
ll R
egio
nal
swar
m o
f R
emot
e, l
ittl
e-kn
own
(Rag
lan
Ran
ge,
A?
Dev
onia
n dy
kes,
she
ets;
rel
ated
t£ a
rea;
may
be
seve
ral
I Que
enst
own
etc.
) V
arna
Bay
gra
nito
ids?
ep
isod
es o
f lam
ps
res
(wit
n n
o o
ther
bra
nch
es) R
efer
ence
s
Lcp
vric
r &
V cl
dc (
1976
)
Cam
pbel
l S
mit
h (1
924)
; M
cKel
vey
& W
ebb
(196
1);
Has
kell
et
al.
(196
5);
Sm
iths
on e
t al
.(l9
70);
Man
zoni
& N
anni
(19
77);
Cra
wfo
rd e
t al
.(l9
84);
T
esse
nsoh
n &
Rol
and
(198
7)
Vil
lar
Fav
re e
t al
. (1
973)
Sil
ssm
ilch
& S
tone
(19
15);
Jop
lin
(196
5)
Jaqu
es &
Per
kin
(198
4);
Jaqu
es e
t al.
(l9H
5)
And
rew
s et
ai.
(I90
7);
Ben
son
(191
3);
Jopl
in (
1965
)
Jopl
in (
1968
, 19
71);
Jaq
ues
etal
.(!9
85
)
Jopl
in (
1957
, 19
65)
Hoc
hman
(19
80);
Tau
be (
1984
); J
aque
s et
al.(
1985
); S
hepp
ard
et a
l.(l
990)
Cro
hn &
Ald
ersh
aw (
1965
); M
endu
m &
Ton
kin
(197
6);
Bla
ck (
1977
);
Jaqu
es e
t al.(
1985
)
Ald
erm
an (
1929
); J
opli
n (1
973)
Sut
herl
and
& C
orbe
tt (
1974
); J
aque
s et
al.
(l98
5)
Sut
herl
and
(197
3);
Sut
herl
and
& C
orbe
tt (
1974
); J
aque
s et
al.
(l98
5)
-·
--
~
00
~ ~ 0 :g -< ;o
tT1 "'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (T
AS
) B
elt
Fig
s.2.
1/8)
A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(TA
S)
Bel
t I (F
igs.
2.11
8)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (V
IC)
Bel
t I (
Fig
s.2.
1/8)
A
usl
rali
a T
asm
an F
old
(VIC
) B
elt
ICFi
gs.2
.1/8
) A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(VIC
) B
elt
I (F
igs.
2.!/
8)
Aus
tral
ia
Pil
bara
(W
A)
Aus
tral
ia
Yil
garn
(W
A)
(Fig
s.2.
1/8)
Aus
tral
ia
Yil
garn
(W
A)
(Fig
s.2.
1/8)
Aus
tria
V
enet
ian
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Bra
zil
(Rio
-G
rand
e do
(F
ig.2
.1)
Sui
) C
anad
a N
.Am
eric
an
(Bri
tish
C
ordi
llera
C
olum
bia
1Fig
.2.9
) C
anad
a -
(Laf
fild
oc)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Cal
edon
ides
(N
ew
Bru
nsw
ick
tab
le L
l. c
on
tmn
ed
occ
urr
ence
s o
t ca
lc-a
tkal
me
Iam
oroo
11
res
!wlt
h n
o o
ther
bra
nch
es)
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A~e,Ma
L
For
m ;
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
Blu
e T
ier
AI ~370 (
K-A
r cs
M
tmy
dyke
s cu
llin
g M
Jy b
e co
n te
mp
with
Gro
ves
eta!
. (1
977)
~389
cc v
ario
us p
hase
s of
Blu
e ba
thol
ith
or C
ape
ICR
b-Sr
) T
ier
gran
itoi
d ba
thol
ith
Por
tlan
d (n
ext e
ntry
) C
ape
Por
tlan
d B
l 91
-103
A
ll p
orp
hyr
ite
intr
usi
on
s;
"Vog
esile
s" h
ave
Jenn
ings
& S
uthe
rlan
d (1
969)
; S
uthe
rlan
d (1
973)
; S
uthe
rlan
d &
Cor
bett
(K-A
r)
+
ande
site
In v
as;
brec
cia"
A
f+B
i an
d ar
e C
M o
n (1
974)
; Ja
ques
et a
l. (1
985)
CA
I p
rese
nt d
efin
itio
ns
1Gew
a A
Si
luri
an-
cs
Pret
ty V
alle
y,B
ig H
ill,
"Cam
pton
ites"
may
B
eavi
s (1
962)
; Jo
plin
(19
65)
Dev
onia
n N
igge
rhea
ds p
luto
ns;
be C
S or
you
nger
~Th,grtli,pcg d
ykes
T
erti
ary
rock
s
S ta
wel
VM
ary-
AI
Dev
onia
n N
o po
rphy
ry d
ykes
, G
old
reef
s "a
re c
lose
! D
avid
(19
50,
p.l9
1);
Qui
ck (
1988
)
boro
ugh
gold
fiel
ds
info
reg
iona
l gr
anito
id
asso
ciat
ed w
ith l
amp
I (Mag
dala
min
e et
c.)
Rlu
tons
dy
kes"
and
coe
val
Woo
d's
Poi
nt
A?
Mid
dle
CM
U
.Dc
vo
nia
n p
luto
ns
Sw
arm
cov
ers
6,50
0 Ju
nner
(19
20);
Hil
ls (
1952
); M
arsd
en (
1988
)
Dev
onia
n cs
(B
ow B
ow, T
ynon
g,
sq.k
m
etc)
may
be
unre
late
d B
arn
boo
Cre
ek-
A1 ~1800
cs
Reg
iona
l dy
ke-s
war
ms
Hun
dred
s of
bod
ies
Lew
is &
Dav
y (!
981)
; R
ock
& B
arle
y (1
989
& u
npub
l. da
ta);
Bal
four
Dow
ns
(Pb-
Pb)
C
M p
lugs
ass
oc.
Sha
w,
know
n ov
er s
ever
al
Geo
l.S
urv.
W.A
usL
Bal
four
Dow
ns 1
:250
,000
she
et (
1988
)
Bri
dget
etc
.~gr
t_pl
uton
s th
ousa
nd s
q.km
Ji
mpe
rdin
g be
lt
A ~2700 (
by
CM
Var
ious
gra
n) to
id
A f
ew d
ykes
; ap
pini
te S
imps
on (
1926
, p.
25-6
); M
iles
(19
48);
Joh
nsto
ne (
1952
); J
opli
n (1
965)
;
(Dil
ling
, H
arne
rsle
y an
alog
y, c
f. c
s pl
uton
s xe
nolit
hs i
n gr
anite
s R
ock
et a
l. (1
988d
)
Sidin~.
Yor
k, e
tc.)
ne
xt e
ntry
) C
A
Nor
sem
an-W
ilun
a A
2 la
rnp:
2620
--C
K
"lnt
emal
" gr
anit
oids
: "C
arnp
toni
tes"
are
M
iles
(19
48);
Hal
lber
g (1
985)
; P
enin
g (1
988)
; P
enin
g et
a1.
(198
9a,b
);
gree
nsto
ne b
elt,
2684
(U
-Pb
cs
Kar
nbal
da G
rano
dior
ite
CA
L o
r ap
ochr
ypha
l;
Ro
cket
al.
(198
7,!9
8&1)
; M
uell
er e
t al.
(198
8)
Eas
tern
Gol
dfie
lds
grt
: ~2662
etc.
por
pht,p
orph
dyk
e. o
ldes
t kno
wn
lam
ps
Kre
uzec
k M
tns.
&
Rl
24
-30
C
M L
amps
, hi
gh-K
bas
alti
C
M t
erm
ed "
SH
OS
H'
Deu
tsch
(19
84)
Lie
nz, T
auem
(K
-Ar)
cv
and
esite
dyk
es
dyke
s; A
L d
ykes
30
win
dow
km
to
E a
t G
olde
ck
Cer
ro T
upan
ci,
R
7 cs
Is
olat
ed d
yke
a'<So
cial
C(
Few
det
ai Is
of
1ssl
er &
Roi
senb
erg
(197
2)
S~o S
epe
with
"la
rge
dyke
of
aci
geol
ogic
al s
etti
ng
volc
anic
roc
k<"
avai
labl
e B
ridg
e R
iver
min
ing
AI
43.5
±3
CK
L
ate
dyke
s as
soc.
with
D
ykes
im
med
iate
ly
Lei
tch!
et
al.
(198
8)
cam
p (K
-Ar)
B
endo
r an
d C
oast
po
stda
te A
u pl
uton
ic c
ompl
exes
m
iner
aliz
atio
n L
abra
dor c
oast
(Cap
e R
~1470
cs M
any
shee
ts, d
ykes
M
uch
youn
ger
lam
ps
Kra
nck
(195
3);
Eld
ers
& R
uckl
idge
(19
69);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.ll5
)
Han
ison
, D
omin
o,
(K-A
r)
supe
rim
pose
d at
et
c.)
Ail
lik
(Tab
le C
6)
Lak
e G
eorg
e, n
r. A
I =
112
(K-A
r ) cs
D
ykes
with
Haw
ksha
w L
amps
/por
ph p
ostd
ate
Sea
l et
al.
(198
8)
Fred
eric
ton
gn
plu
ton
and
type
I W
-Mo
vein
s I Q
z-F
p-po
rphy
ry d
ykes
bu
t pre
date
type
2
~ s n tT1
Vl ~
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Can
ada
Hen
::yni
des
(New
(F
igs.
2.1,
B
runs
wic
k 2.
5 2.
10)
Can
ada
-(N
WI)
Can
ada
Cal
edon
ides
? (N
ova
Sco
tia)
C
anad
a -
(NW
I)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Sup
erio
r (O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Sup
erio
r (O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Sup
erio
r?
(Ont
ario
) (F
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
-(S
aska
t-(F
igs.
2.1
&
chew
an)
2.9)
C
hile
-
Chi
na
-
Cze
chos
H
ercy
nide
s -l
ovak
ia
(Fig
.2.5
)
Cze
chos
H
en::y
nide
s -l
ovak
ia
(Fig
.2.5
)
1am
e c1
. con
nrm
ea o
ccur
renc
es o
r ca
tc-ru
Kru
me
tam
oroo
n'
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m ;
asso
c.ig
.roc
k
Co
mm
en
ts
Sha
w's
Cov
e,
R?
Mid
dlo-
CM
She
ets
and
dyke
s S
omet
imes
for
mer
ly
Dal
hous
ie,
Lat
e m
isid
enti
fied
as
lava
s C
ampb
ellt
on e
tc.
Dev
onia
n Y
ello
wkn
ife
A?
Lat
e A
ll S
ingl
e 4-
30m
she
et
Pro
babl
y a
cum
ulat
e (C
on g
old
min
e)
Arc
haea
n ex
tend
ing
2800
m a
lon
CA
L f
rom
tra
ce c
hem
st
rike
, I 1
00m
dow
n di
bu
t dif
ficu
lt to
ass
i~n
Meg
uma
zone
A
I ~370 (
K-A
r cs
"S
ever
al d
ykes
"; g
rt
Dyk
es c
arry
abu
ndan
t H
b);
grt
bath
olit
hs g
enet
ical
ly
low
er c
rust
al
sam
e a~e
rela
ted
to l
amps
xe
noli
ths
Kee
wat
in
R ~1800
CM
> 7
50 d
ykes
; px
nt-s
ye
Ass
oc.
syng
enet
ic U
+
(U-P
b,
stoc
ks;
trac
hyan
des,
T
h+R
EE
, ep
igen
etic
K
-Arl
tr
ach
flow
s; fe
lsic
dvk
e U
±C
u+ A
Jti:P
b de
oos
Dup
ort,
Ger
aldt
on-
A2
lam
p: 2
672
CK
V
ario
us g
rani
toid
"A
ibit
ites
" st
ated
to
Bea
rdm
ore,
Hem
lo,
±2
(U-P
b)
cs p
luto
ns;
"alb
itit
e",
be l
amps
by
som
e M
arat
hon
Kir
klan
d I~: ~2100
I oom
hvrv
dvk
es
auth
ors·
!am
os o
ccur
L
ake,
Bir
ch/P
ickl
e/
A
wid
ely
in a
ll S
uper
ior
Red
Lak
es,S
chre
iber
, gr
eens
tone
bel
ts; a
lso
Sheb
ando
wan
Waw
a R
imsa
ite0
967
,o.5
3l?
Les
uer
tow
nshi
p R
1
cs D
ense
dyk
e-sw
arm
C
onte
mpo
rane
ous
asso
c. w
ith
5x2
km
Zn-
Pb-
Ag
eucr
ite-
l!ab
bro
'plu
ton'
min
eral
izat
ion
L.H
uron
(Ir
on B
ridg
e A
? gr
t: 15
1 0±
5( C
K
Cro
cker
Isl
and
Var
ious
con
flic
ting
R
ange
r Lak
e, M
asse
L
:141
5±40
; C
M g
rani
toid
com
plex
K
-Ar
and
Rb-
Sr
ages
-E
SJl'l
nOla
etc
.)
1530
±50
re
port
ed
Nev
ins-
For
syth
A
22
00-2
500
CM
Var
ious
gra
nito
id
3 ep
isod
es o
f la
mp
Lak
es a
rea,
N s
hore
(g
eolo
gica
l pl
uton
s, p
egm
atit
es
empl
acem
ent
Lak
e A
thab
asca
ev
iden
ce)
El T
enie
nte
AI
Pli
ocen
e cs
"S
ever
alla
mpr
ophy
re
Dyk
es im
med
iate
ly
dyke
s";
ande
site
s,
post
date
por
phyr
y C
u da
cite
s, Q
z-di
orit
es
depe
sit
Sha
ndon
g P
enin
sula
A
L
: 90
-130
cs
Dyk
e-sw
arm
s in
In
tim
atel
y as
soci
ated
gr
t: L
ingl
ong
& G
uoji
alng
gol
d m
iner
aliz
atio
n 13
0-14
0 • ~anitoid
bath
olit
hs
Jano
v-A
rtrn
anov
A
I S
teph
ania
n C
K
Var
ious
bur
ied
Dis
ting
uish
ed f
rom
an
ticl
inor
ium
cs
gra
nito
id p
luto
ns
asso
c. b
asal
ts b
y hi
gh
Ba
K e
tc.
Pra
gue
area
A
I 29
0, 3
20,
CM
"Q
uart
z-ke
rsan
tite
s",
(Bar
rand
ian
basi
n -
350,
360
C
K
"min
verit
es";
var
ious
Z
dice
etc
.}
_(1<
-Arl
buri
ed o
luto
ns
res
l wtm
no
otne
r or
ancn
es l R
efer
ence
s
How
ard
(192
6);
Alc
ock
(193
5, p
.77)
; B
achi
nski
& S
colt
(19
79,1
980;
B
achi
nski
& S
imps
on (
1984
,198
6);
Roc
k (1
980)
Web
b &
Ken
ich
(198
8)
Gil
es &
Cha
tter
jee
(198
7);
Ow
en e
t al.
(I98
8);
Kem
pste
r et
al.
(l98
9);
Ruf
fman
& G
reen
houg
h (i
n pr
ep.)
Rim
sait
e (1
967,
p.4
8);
Dav
idso
n (1
972)
; B
lake
(19
80);
LeC
hem
inan
t et
a1
(198
7)
McL
enna
n(19
15);
Hop
ldns
(I92
4);G
iedh
ill(
l927
);B
ruce
(193
5);D
yer(
l936
);
Hur
st(1
936)
;Moo
re (
1937
);B
urw
ash(
1937
);F
rohb
erg(
l937
);B
artl
ey(1
938)
; H
arco
urt(
l938
l: T
hom
son
& G
rifl
is(l
944l
:Par
sons
(l94
8l:T
hom
son
et a
l. (1
950)
; A
brah
am(l
951)
; S
auer
ly(l
952)
; M
acL
ean(
l956
); P
rest
(l95
7);
Law
son
(195
9);
Mac
kase
y(l9
76);
Pye
(l97
6); J
ense
n(19
78);
Mui
r(l9
82a,
b);
McN
eil &
Ken
ich
(l9
86
): S
mit
h (1
986)
: W
vman
& K
enic
h(l
98
8a;
I98
9a
b)
Wat
son
(195
7)
Rob
erts
on (
1966
,197
0);
Van
Sch
mus
(19
71)
Bla
ke (
1955
); H
arpe
r (1
984,
1986
)
How
ell
& M
ollo
y (1
960)
; C
amus
(19
75)
Liu
et a
1.(1
984)
; Ji
Hai
zhan
g (p
ers.
com
m.1
989)
Dvo
rak
(198
2)
Fia
la (
1971
); F
iala
& C
hlup
ac (
1973
)
t:l 0 ~ ~ ::g ;;3 ti1
(ll
ra01
e L
l. L
on
tum
ea o
ccu
rren
ces
or c
atc-
aJK
anne
Jam
oroo
n re
s 1 w
an n
o o
tner
ora
ncn
es J
! C
ou
ntr
y
Pro
vin
ce
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m ;
asso
c.ig
.roc
k
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s
1C1.
ccho
s H
ercy
n ide
s?
Tnt
rnve
pori
ds (
Mal
4 A
1
=30
0 +
C
K
porp
hyri
te,
Dyk
e-sw
arm
pas
ses
Hov
orka
(19
67);
Kri
st (
1967
); H
ovor
ka e
t al.
(198
2)
!-to
vaki
a (F
ig.2
.5)
Fal!
a, N
fzke
Tal
!y,
=50
cs g
rani
te-p
orph
yry,
in
to d
iori
tes;
may
Su
chy,
Pov
aszk
y,et
e di
orite
dyk
es
incl
ude
Alp
ine
dyke
s C
zcch
os
Her
cyn
ides
B
ohem
ian
Mas
s an
d A
I la
mp
& g
rt: A
ll C
enl!
al B
ohem
ian
porp
h de
rive
fro
m C
lV H
ibsc
h (1
925)
; N
emec
(19
66,1
968,
1970
; 19
7la,
b; 1
972a
,b;
1973
a,b,
c;
·lov
akia
/ (F
ig.2
.5)
exte
nsio
ns;
(see
also
35
0-30
0 +
pl
uton
; gr
di/g
rt·p
orph
, m
agm
a; s
ome
CM
19
74;
1975
a,b,
c,d;
197
7a,b
,c;
1978
a,b;
198
7;19
88a,
b);
Kes
sc (
1971
);
Aus
tria
T
able
C5)
I (t
<>ld
er)
cc p
eg, a
pJ, d
lr, s
ye d
ykes
l!a
nsiti
onal
to
LL
Fi
sera
(19
74);
Sch
ulze
et a
l. (1
985)
E
ire
Cal
edon
ides
C
ty.M
ayo
AI
=40
0 (b
y cs
Ter
mon
Grn
nitc
S
utto
n (1
970)
(s
outh
ern
anal
ogy)
Ir
elan
d)
Eir
e C
aled
onid
es
Don
egal
(se
e al
so
AI
=40
0 (b
y cs
Ard
ara,
Bam
esm
ore,
la
mps
for
m 3
of
70
Wal
ker
& L
eeda
l (1
954)
; Pit
cher
& B
erge
r (1
972)
; Fr
ench
(19
78);
Els
don
&
(sou
ther
n (F
ig.2
.6)
Tab
leC
5)
anal
ogy)
C
A
Ter
mon
, 1l1
0rr
grt;
dyke
s at
Bam
esm
ore;
T
odd(
l989
) lrc
l:md)
C
K
lugs
dv
kcs,
sill
s I g
rade
into
grd
i-oo
roh
Eir
e C
aled
onid
es
Lei
nste
r-D
ubli
n A
I la
mp
& g
rc C
K
Lei
nste
r gr
anito
id
Als
o Q
z-al
bitit
es;
McA
rdle
(19
74);
McA
rdle
& O
'Con
nor
(198
7)
(sou
ther
n (F
ig.2
.6)
swar
m (
see
also
C
aled
onia
n cs
pl
uton
; gr
di/d
lr-p
orph
la
mps
bra
cket
grt
Ir
elan
d)
Tab
le C
5\
1=40
0)
CA
dv
kes
I olu
tons
in
time
Fin
land
?
Vilj
akka
la, N
W o
f A
1
cs g
abbr
o, Q
z-sy
enite
, S
tigz
eliu
s (1
944)
(S
W)
(Fig
.2.1
) H
elsi
nki
gran
itoid
plu
tons
, ll!
l'ani
tic d
vkes
F
inla
nd
Svec
o-I A
land
Isle
s A
la
mp
& g
rt: A
ll I A
va,
Mos
shag
a,
Den
se ra
dial
sw
arm
s K
aita
ro (
1953
; 19
56);
Ehl
ers
& B
ergm
an (
1984
); N
urm
i & H
aapa
la (
1986
);
(SW
) fe
nnia
n 18
00-1
840
Sem
ling
e gr
t st
ocks
; hy
brid
with
grt
; che
rn H
ubba
rd &
Bra
niga
n (1
987)
; B
f1U
iigan
(19
89)
1Fill
.2.1
) lm
88
u-P
b
youn
ger
dlr,
peg
l!an
sitio
nal
to A
L
Fin
land
-
Bar
OSu
ndsf
j!lrd
(lng
A,
A
Prec
ambr
iar
cs O
bbnl
ls g
rani
toid
A
few
lam
p dy
kes
Sede
rhol
rn (
1926
) ~ tn
(SW
) (F
ig.2
.!)
Sta
r Adg
rund
, etc
.),
plut
on,
mig
mat
ites,
co
ntem
pora
neou
s w
iU
W o
f Hel
sink
i gn
eiss
es v
eins
I m
vein
s an
d pl
uton
s Fr
ance
H
ercy
nide
s B
ritta
ny (
Fini
ster
re,
AI
=30
0 (b
y C
M T
n\ga
stel
& o
ther
M
etai
s (1
960,
1961
); M
etai
s et
at. (
1962
); C
ogne
& G
iot (
1961
); C
ogne
(F
ig.2
.5)
Rad
e de
Bre
st, e
tc.)
anal
ogy)
C
K
gran
itoi
d pl
uton
s (1
962)
; Lo
y (1
967)
; L
eutw
ein
et al
. (19
72);
Tho
non
(197
3)
Fran
ce
Her
cyn i
des
Hau
tes-
Pyre
nees
A
I =
300
(by
CK
V
ario
us g
rani
toid
C
onta
ct a
ltere
d by
D
uran
d-W
acke
nhei
rn (
1983
) (F
ig.2
.5)
(Nes
te d
e Sa
ux,
anal
ogy)
pl
uton
s gr
anit
oids
but
oth
er
Mon
tang
, etc
.)
dyke
s cu
t gra
nito
ids
Fran
ce.
Her
cyni
des
Mas
sif C
enl!
ai (
Puy
AI
lam
p: 2
85±
CM
Mill
evac
he, G
ailla
rd,
Ass
ocia
ted
U d
epos
its S
arci
a &
Sar
cia
(195
6);
Lap
adu-
Har
gues
(19
59);
Can
tagr
el e
t al.
(197
0);
(Fig
.2.5
) de
D6m
e, L
imou
sin,
10
,312
-316
;CK
F
orez
, Thi
ers,
Ste
. "v
augn
erite
" =
CA
Sabo
urdy
(19
75);
Ler
oy &
Son
et (1
976)
; A
lbar
Me
& W
eisb
rod
(198
1);
Loz~
re);
T
able
C5
IRrC
312
-32
cs S
ylve
sl!e
Rra
nito
ids
I C§7
.t.2)
P
eyro
nnet
& L
arne
yre
(198
4);
Cha
lier
& S
abou
rdy
(198
7);M
icho
n (1
987)
Fr
ance
He
~eyn
ides
N
orm
andy
/Che
rbou
r A
I =
300(
by
CM
Tre
gast
el, B
arfl
eur,
Je
rem
ine
(192
7)
(Fig
.2.5
) Pe
nins
ula
(Cap
e de
I
anal
ogy)
C
K
Fla
mm
anvi
lle
gran
i10i
H
aRue
etc
.)
;olu
tons
Fr
ance
H
ercy
nide
s Pe
lvou
x m
assi
f,
AI
lam
p: =
320
CK
V
ario
us g
rani
iOid
A
ssoc
iate
d dl
r oc
cur
i B
eUan
ger &
Buf
fet (
1979
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Hau
tes
Alp
es
(K-A
r)
plut
ons
com
posi
te d
ykes
, but
ar
e yo
unge
r (=
197)
~ -
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Frn
nce
Her
cyn
ides
(F
ig.2
.5)
Frnn
ce
Her
cyn
ides
? (F
ig.2
.5)
Fran
ce
Her
cyn
ides
(S
o6ne
ct
(Fig
.2.5
) L
oire
) G
erm
any
Her
cyn
ides
(D
DR
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
n id
es
(DD
R)
(Fig
.2.5
)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
DR
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
DR
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
DR
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
DR
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Ger
man
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
DR
) &
(F
ig.2
.5)
Sw
itze
r !an
G
erm
any
Her
cyni
des
(FD
R/
(Fig
.2.5
) D
DR
) G
reec
e -
(Aeg
ean
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Isla
nds)
G
reec
e -
(Akt
i)
(Fig
.2.1
)
1 ab
le L
!. L
on
tmn
ed
occu
rren
ces
ot
ca!c
-a!k
alln
e Ia
mp
rop
h
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm ;
ass
oc.
i g. r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Vos
ges
AI ~300 (
by
? V
ic, G
erar
dncr
, Bre
sse
lam
ps i
nvad
e gr
t bu
t (s
ee a
lso
Tab
le C
5)
anal
ogy)
gr
nnit
oid
plut
ons
grt
also
con
tain
s la
mr
xen
Lan
gued
oc (
Ter
mes
, A
?
CM
Var
ious
gra
nito
id
Aud
e,C
orbi
eres
&
plut
ons
Fau~eres,Herault)_
Mor
van
A?
334±
1 C
M I
sola
ted
sill
Kno
wn
from
4
(Sai
nt·A
ubai
n-G
illy
(K
·Ar)
bo
reho
les
sur
Loi
r)
Lau
sitz
mas
sif
AI ~300 (
by
Lau
sitz
er g
rani
te
anal
ogy)
pl
uton
, et
c.
Thu
ring
ia (
Obe
rhof
, A
I ~300 (
by
Var
ious
gra
nito
id
Sax
othu
ring
ikum
-an
alog
y)
plut
ons
Lug
ikum
) A
rden
nes
(Aac
hen,
A
I ~300 (
by
CV
V
ario
us g
rani
toid
F
ew d
etai
ls a
vail
able
et
c.)
anal
ogy)
pl
uton
s
Erz
gebi
rge
AI
lam
p &
grc
CM
Var
ious
gra
nito
id
Ass
ocia
ted
dole
rite
s;
/Fic
htel
gebi
rge
Her
cyni
an
CK
pl
uton
s or
igin
al l
amp
loca
lity
I (3
40-3
80)
cs
Ode
nwal
d (a
nd
AI ~320 (
K-A
r) A
ll
Var
ious
gra
nito
id
Gra
dati
onal
ser
ies
adja
cent
are
as o
f pl
uton
s fr
om l
amp
to
Rhi
ne G
rabe
n)
~anite-porphyry
Spe
ssar
t A
I ~300 (
by
All
G
rada
tion
al s
erie
s an
alog
y)
from
lam
p to
I ~anite·porphyry
Schw
arzw
ald
AI ~300 (
by
All
M
arls
burg
gra
nito
id
Gra
dati
onal
ser
ies
anal
ogy)
pl
uton
; fr
om l
amp
to
~ani
te-p
orph
vrv
dvke
s I ~anite-porphvrv
Har
z M
tns.
A
I ~300 (
by
anal
ogy)
Kos
A
la
mp
& g
rc A
ll
Dik
eos
mon
zoni
te
Gra
dati
onal
ser
ies
Mio
cene
st
ock;
apl
, pe
g,
mon
zoni
te· l
amp-
i por
phyr
y dy
kes,
sil
ls
mal
chit
e M
t.A
thos
?A
?
CK
M
t.A
thos
grn
nito
id
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
(St.
Gre
gory
pl
uton
m
onas
tery
)
res
(wit
h n
o o
ther
bra
nch
es J R
efer
ence
s
Cho
uber
t (19
36);
Met
ais
et a
l. (1
962)
; W
imm
enau
cr &
Hah
n-W
einh
eim
er
(196
6);
Cam
boly
et
al.
(196
7);
Zim
mer
le (
1977
); P
eyro
nnet
& L
amey
re
.(19
84);
Pey
ronn
et (
I984
b)
Suv
anap
racl
ip &
Thi
ebau
lt (1
964)
; B
ard
& G
onor
d (1
965)
Bel
lott
o &
Zim
mer
man
n (1
983)
Beg
er (
1913
,191
6,19
23);
Trt
lger
(19
32);
Gro
sser
(19
57,1
966)
; K
eili
ng
(196
1);
Ulf
fler
(19
61);
Bau
tsch
(19
63);
Hem
man
n &
Wat
znau
er (
1964
);
Wat
znau
er (
1964
); R
ohde
& U
llri
ch (
1969
); R
ohde
(_1
97~;
Kram
erJ.
l976
cl_
Kra
mer
(19
76b,
1988
); B
euge
& K
ram
er (
1977
)
Was
hing
ton
(191
7)
GU
mbe
l (1
874)
; S
edla
cek
(193
9);
Ace
jev
& H
arla
ss (
1968
); B
auts
ch &
R
ohde
(19
70);
Kra
mer
(19
76a)
; K
ram
er &
Ros
ier
( 197
6);
Kra
mer
& S
eife
rt
1(19
84);
Kra
mer
(19
88);
Jus
t &
Kra
mer
(19
89)
Kle
mm
(19
23,
1928
); W
aldm
ann
(193
5);
Fre
nzel
(19
71);
Zim
mer
le (
1977
);
Bit
sche
ne &
Mer
tz (
1984
)
Mos
ebac
h (1
934)
; C
hatt
erje
e (1
959)
; Z
imm
erle
(197
7)
Koc
h (1
938)
; Z
imm
erle
(19
58);
Kra
mer
(19
66);
Wim
men
auer
&
Hah
n-W
einh
eim
er (
1966
); W
imm
enau
er (
1972
); H
urrl
e (1
976)
; Z
imm
erle
il
l977
); B
ilch
i et
al.
(!98
4);
MU
ller
(198
4)
Gab
ert (
1959
); S
chul
ze (
1968
)
Wim
men
auer
(19
76)
Geo
rgia
des
(193
8)
N w
N
r' > ~ 0 :g ;a tr1
(/)
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
Gre
enla
nd
Cal
edon
ides
(E
) (F
igs.
2.1
&
2.l
l)
Gre
enla
nd
Ket
ilid
ian
(SW
) (F
ig.2
.11)
Hun
gary
H
ercy
nide
s?
(Fig
.2.5
)
Indi
a ?
(Bih
ar)
Indi
a -
(Ben
gal)
(F
igs.
2.1
&
2.13
) In
dia
? (M
ysor
e)
(Fig
s.2.
1,
2.13
) In
dia
? (T
amil
(F
igs.
2.1,
N
adu)
2.
13)
Indo
nesi
a -
(Ka
li-(F
ig.2
.1)
man
tan)
In
done
sia
-(S
umat
era
(Fig
.2.1
) B
arru
.) 11
1lly
A
lps/
7H
crcy
nide
s F
ig.2
.12)
It
aly
Her
cyni
des
(Fig
.2.1
)
Ital
y H
ercy
nide
s (F
ig.2
.6)
Ital
y R
oman
/ T
usca
n i(
Fig
.2.1
2)
1 am
e 1
...-1.
co
nn
nn
ea o
ccu
rren
ces
or
catc
-ru
Kan
ne 1ampropn~
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m ;
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Can
ning
land
&
A
Cal
edon
ian
No
l~ap W
ardl
aw g
rani
toid
Tw
o ag
es l
amps
W
egen
er H
alv0
in
fo p
luto
n; g
rt,
porp
h,
whi
ch p
re-
and
Qz-
dole
rite
dyk
es
post
-dat
e gr
anit
oids
Julianeh~b (
llord
leq,
A
I !6
00
-!7
00
cs
H
undr
eds
of s
heet
s,
Som
e sh
eare
d; 5
% o
f B
redc
rfjo
rd, e
iC.)
(Rb-
Sr,
C
A
dyke
s; a
ssoc
. dio
rilc
s,
gran
itoi
d ar
ea;
Opx
K
-Ar)
H
b-pe
rids
, gra
nito
ids
-bea
ring
roc
ks ~ C
A
Vel
ence
Hi l
is
A
? cs
V
elen
ce g
rani
toid
O
nly
4 la
mps
in
3 (S
nrhc
gy,
Csa
la,
CK
pl
uton
s; a
plit
e,
locs
; al
l ca
rry
grt
xcn
Szck
csfc
hcrv
cr)
•n-o
oroh
dom
innn
t in
mar~ins
Pa~ L
ohar
daga
A
?
cs D
ykes
, si
lls
asso
c.
Som
e= m
icro
dior
ites
dist
rict
w
ith g
abbr
os a
nd
or p
orph
yrit
es, b
ut
nori
tes
true
CS
may
occ
ur
Sin
ghbh
um
A
lam
p:
cs S
ingh
bum
gra
nito
id
lam
p bo
th i
ntru
de a
nd
1700
-100
0 ba
thol
ith
are
intr
uded
by
dlr,
!v
ario
us)
I per
id n
orit
e, g
rt
Yac
hena
halli
R
7
cs D
ykes
in
gran
ulit
e S
tron
g re
acti
ons
wit
h co
unir
y-ro
cks
Tir
uppa
llur
s
? cv
Sin
gle
dyke
T
he o
nly
defm
ite
asso
ciat
ion
of
CA
L
with
car
bona
tite
s L
inha
isai
, Kar
amu
R
=8(
K-A
r)
CM
sho
shon
ite,
and
esit
e,
In b
elt o
f K
-ric
h R
iver
"k
ajan
ite"
C
aino
zoic
mag
mat
isrr
Nat
al a
rea
A
?Ter
tiary
cv
Gra
nito
id p
luto
ns o
f A
rea
only
va
riou
s ag
es
reco
nnai
ssan
ce
mao
ocd
Ada
mel
lo (
Lag
o de
ll• A
O
ligo
cene
C
M A
dam
ello
,Mte
.Cos
ton
App
init
e su
ite
(§7.
1)
Vac
ca,
Mte
.Cos
tone
, cs
grt
/Hb-
dio
plut
ons;
an
d H
ercy
nian
roc
ks
Val
Nam
bron
e, e
tc.)
CA
aJ
ll,p<
>rph
!,dio
dvk
es
mav
be
reor
esen
ted
Cim
a d'
Ast
a, S
W
A
=27
5 cs
Gra
nito
id p
luto
ns;
apl,
"C
arnp
toni
tes"
= CS
D
olom
ites
(R
lrS
r)
mon
z, p
eg,
porp
h,
porp
ht d
ykes
B
iell
a-L
ocar
ncrL
ago
AI
=28
0 (U
-Pb
CA
L
amp-
porp
ht-p
orph
A
ssoc
.Ter
tiar
y la
mps
M
aggi
ore
area
, NW
R
b-S
r)
cs s
erie
s sl
ight
ly p
reda
te
(Tab
le C
6);
see
also
A
lps
(als
o T
able
C5
cc o
r ov
erla
(Jzn
. m
assi
fs
Tab
le C
5· s
ome
met
d M
t.A
mia
ta
B4
~0.43
CM
Lam
p in
clus
ions
in
(K-A
r)
rhyo
daci
te la
vas
1es
\ wtm
no
om
er
ora
ncn
es J R
efer
ence
s
Cab
y (1
972)
; E
sche
r &
Wat
t (1
976,
p.
208)
Wal
ton
(196
5);
Wat
ters
on (
1968
); E
sche
r& W
att
(197
6, p
.l3
8)
Embey-Iszti~ (
1972
)
Pat
hak
(198
4)
Sah
a et
al.
(197
3)
Rao
(19
39)
Ram
asam
y (1
984)
Ber
gman
et a
l. (1
988)
Ro
cket
al.
(198
3)
Fen
ogli
o (1
938)
; H
ieke
(19
45);
Cal
lega
ri (
1958
); M
ones
e (1
969)
; C
omin
-Chi
arar
nont
i (1
981)
; U
lmer
et a
l.(l
983)
Sim
boli
(19
58),
Leo
nard
i (1
967,
p.5
95-6
)
Par
ker
(192
6);
Bur
ri &
de
Que
rvai
n (1
934)
; Wal
ter (
1950
); Z
ezza
(196
9);
Bor
iani
et a
l.(l
974)
; B
igio
gger
o et
al.
(l98
1);
Gio
bbi
Ori
goni
et a
l.
. 19
75;1
990)
B
erge
n et
al.
(19
83)
I
I "' , "" ""
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Ital
y ?
(Sar
dini
a)
(Fig
.2.1
)
Japa
n ?
(Hon
shu)
(F
ig.2
.1)
Japa
n -
(Hon
shu)
(F
ig.2
. I)
Japa
n ?
(Shi
koku
)
...,
Mal
i ? (F
ig.2
.1)
Mex
ico
Mex
ican
vo
lcan
ic b
elt
ICFi
r;.2
.1)
Mex
ico
Mex
ican
vo
lcan
ic b
elt
Fir
;.2.
1)
Mor
occo
- (F
ig.2
.1)
Nam
ibia
D
arna
rala
nd
(Fig
.2.1
)
Nor
way
? (F
ig.2
.1)
Pak
ista
n H
imal
ayas
(F
igs.
2.l
&
2.13
) P
apua
Ne\
\ P
apua
n ar
c G
uine
a (F
ig.2
.1)
laD
le L
l. L
on
tmn
ed
occu
rren
ces
ot
calc
-alk
alin
e Ja
mp
rop
h
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m :
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
San
Eli
sio
(Nuo
ro)
A
? cs
N
uoro
gra
nito
id
dole
rite
, et
c; C
S
cc p
luto
n; a
plit
e,
grad
e in
to p
orph
yrit
e I p
orph
yrit
e ve
ins
Mt.
Hie
i, K
yoto
A
po
st-
cs
Hie
i gr
anit
oid
plut
on;
Som
e "l
amps
" ha
ve
Pala
eozo
ic
cc a
pl;
lam
p m
ay p
ostd
ate
PI p
hcn
and
are
CC
o
CP
ac
idic
roc
ks h
owev
er
CP
; nu
mer
ous
dyke
s K
asug
a-m
ura,
A
3 gr
t: =7
3 cs
K
aisu
ki-y
ami
gran
itoi
d O
ver
50 C
S dy
kes
cut
Gif
u-ke
n (K
-Ar)
pl
uton
gr
anit
e bu
t ar
e cu
t by
la
te v
eins
of
plut
on
Shi
rato
ri,
Kag
awa
A
cs D
yke-
swar
m w
ith
Com
posi
te
pref
ectu
re
gran
ophy
res
cutt
ing
lam
p-gr
anop
hyre
gr
anit
oidp
luto
ns
dyke
s oc
cur
Bet
afo(
And
rant
say,
A
?
CK
D
ykes
A
mba
tali
nand
raha
na/
CM
A
mba
tofa
ngeh
ana)
cs
A
drar
das
lfor
ns
AI
Pos
t Pa
n-cs
la
mps
pre
cede
pos
t·
E-W
lam
ps c
ut
by
or
Afr
ican
te
cton
ic g
n pl
uton
s;
late
r N
-S s
war
ms;
R
? or
ogen
y , Q
z-sy
enit
e, r
hyol
ite
mic
rogb
r dy
ke-s
war
m
Col
ima
grab
en
B6
Ple
isto
cene
A
JI
Lam
p la
vas,
dyk
es;
One
of
few
kno
wn
-Rec
ent
high
-K a
ndes
,bas
,dac
it
occu
rren
ces
of C
AL
1<
=1.3
) an
kara
trit
e la
vas
lava
s M
asco
la v
olca
nic
B6 P
leis
toce
ne:
CM
30
lava
/cin
der c
ones
; S
how
s tr
ansi
tion
fro
rr
fiel
d 3-
{).5
as
soci
ated
basal~
calc
-alk
alin
e to
CA
L
(K-A
r)
ande
site
m
agm
atis
m
Aze
gour
, H
aul A
tlas
A
la
mp
& g
rt:
CM
Aze
gour
gra
nito
id
post
-pl
uton
C
reta
ceou
s K
alkf
eld
S6
Jur
assi
c C
M D
ykes
; as
soc.
Kal
kfel
d P
etro
grap
hy u
nkno
wn
carb
onat
ite
com
plex
bu
t an
alys
is s
uppo
rts
but
may
not
be
coev
al
desc
ript
ion
"min
eue"
L
ynge
n P
enin
sula
, R
?
cs S
ingl
e dy
ke;
no k
now
n X
enol
iths
com
pris
e nr.Troms~J
cont
empo
rane
ous
up t
o 70
% o
f dy
ke
igne
ous
rock
s K
arak
orum
A
? la
mps
: =3
C
M K
eshn
ikha
n gr
arti
toid
S
ome
lam
ps
(Hin
duku
sch,
Alt
o (K
-Ar)
; gr
t C
V
plut
on
tran
siti
onal
to
LL
B
alto
ro e
tc.)
ol
der?
M
LK
are,
Pap
uan
B
?Mio
cene
cs
Lam
p dy
kes,
?pl
ugs;
M
ajor
gol
d pr
ospe
ct;
Hig
hlan
ds
also
por
phyr
y; v
ery
poor
ly e
xpos
ed &
si
mil
ar t
o P
orge
ra s
uiu
high
ly w
eath
ered
res
(wll
h n
o o
ther
bra
nch
es) R
efe
ren
ces
D'A
mic
o &
Gui
dici
ni (
1961
)
Yos
hiza
wa
& I
shiz
aka
(196
1)
Suz
uki
& S
hira
ki (
1980
)
Kaw
ano
& K
ishi
ra (
1940
); H
iray
ama
(195
7)
Lac
roix
(19
22)
Bla
ck e
t al.
(l97
9)
Luh
r &
Car
mic
hael
(19
81);
All
an &
Car
mic
hael
(19
84);
Luh
r &
Kys
er
(198
9);
Lu
hr
et a
l.(l
989)
Luh
r et
al.
(l9
89
)
Per
min
geat
(19
54)
Van
Zij
l (1
962)
; V
isse
r (1
964)
; H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.546
); T
uttl
e &
Git
tins
(1
966,
p.7
40)
Eld
ers
( 195
7)
Vit
erbo
& Z
anne
tin
(195
9);
Gam
erit
h &
Kol
lmer
(19
73);
Des
io (
1979
)
Aut
hor'
s un
publ
.dat
a
. ' ' I !
tv "' -1>- ~ ~ 0 "" ::r: ~ "'
Co
un
try
P
roY
ince
Pap
ua N
ev.
Papu
an n
rc
Gui
nea
(Fig
.2.1
)
Pap
ua
Ne"
Pap
uan
arc
Gui
nea
(Fig
.2.1
)
Pol
and
Her
cyn
ides
(F
ig.2
.5)
Pol
and
Her
cyn
ides
(F
ig.2
.5)
Pol
and
Hcr
cyni
dcs
(Fig
.2.5
)
Pol
and
Her
cyn
ides
(S
iles
ia)
(Fig
.2.5
)
Pol
and
Her
cyni
des
(Sil
esia
) (F
ig.2
.5)
Pol
and
Hex
cyni
des?
(W
est
(Fig
.2.5
) Po
mer
ania
P
olan
d/
Her
cyni
des
Cze
chos
-(F
ig.2
.5)
lova
kia
Po
nu
gal
Ib
eria
n (A
lent
ejo)
(f
ig.2
.12)
Po
nu
gal
H
ercy
n id
es?
(Min
ho
/ (F
ig.2
.5)
Dou
ro)
Por
tuga
l H
ercy
nide
s (A
lent
ejo)
(F
ig.2
.5)
Por
tuga
l H
ercy
nide
s?
(Tnl
s-os
· (F
ig.2
.5)
Mon
tes-
1 ao
1e L
l. c
on
rmn
ea o
ccu
rren
ces
or
caJc
-aJK
altn
e Ja
mp
rop
n
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,M
a
L
Fo
rm ;
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Por
gera
, Pap
uan
D3
lam
ps: ~10
cs
Lam
p dy
kes,
sto
cks;
L
amps
for
mer
ly
Hig
hlan
ds
(K-A
r)
CA
fe
ls,p
orph
,pxn
t; c
hem
. "a
ndes
ite,
Hb-
dio-
cu t
rans
ition
al t
o A
L po
rph
Hb-
porp
h" e
tc.
Sug
arlo
af v
olca
nics
, D
3 P
leis
toce
ne cs
500
m l
ava
of
area
45
x P
apua
n H
ighl
ands
(0
.43:
K-A
r 2
0 k
m +
maa
r;
shos
honi
tic
basa
lt l
ava
Intr
asud
etic
/Nor
th
AI
29
8-3
46
(K
CK
gr
anod
iori
te-p
orph
yry
Cal
edon
ian
lam
ps a
s S
udet
ic b
asin
s -A
r) +
old
er C
M d
ykes
si
lls,
pebb
les
in c
ong;
I (
Cho
chia
n6w
, etc
.)
Cal
edon
ian
Her
cyni
an a
s dy
kes
et
Sil
esia
-Cra
cow
A
I ~300 (
by
CM
Aci
dic
luff
s/vo
lcan
ics,
M
iner
aliz
ed;
lam
ps
Upl
ands
(Dru
dzow
ice,
an
alog
y)
CK
po
rphy
ry, a
lbil
ophy
res
imm
edia
tely
pre
date
Z
awie
rcie
Gla
s6w
kal
cc
I ~rt
· so
me
in b
oreh
ole.
S
wie
ty K
rzyz
Mtn
s.
AI
2 ep
isod
es:
CK
(l
wan
isk,
Bor
zela
, pr
e-/p
ost-
Dal
eszy
ce e
tc.)
D
evon
ian
S
udet
es (
Kar
kono
zse
AI ~300 (
K-A
r C
K
Kar
kono
zse
gran
itoi
d bl
ock)
R
b-S
r)
CM
mas
sif,
etc
. cs
S
udet
es
AI ~300 (
by
CK
K
lodz
o-Z
ioly
gra
nito
id L
amps
ext
end
far
fnor
r (K
lodz
o-Z
ioty
Sio
k an
alog
y)
CM
plu
ton:
apl
, pe
g, s
ye,
mas
s, e
.g.
to G
6ry
mas
sif)
cs
po
rpl!
dj'k
es
B y
strz
ycki
e
Pil
a bo
reho
les,
A
?C
arbo
n C
K -
Vei
n cu
ttin
g W
.Pom
eran
ia
ifer
ous
Pre
cam
bria
n ro
cks;
as
soci
ated
dia
base
S
udet
es
AI ~300 (
by
CM
Kud
owa,
Zul
ova
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
(mis
cell
aneo
us a
reas
) an
alog
y)
CK
gr
anit
oid
plut
ons
Sin
es
A6
grt
/lam
ps:
CK
S
ines
gra
nite
-sye
nite
In
trus
ion
has
mix
ed
~n (
K-A
r,
cs
plut
on
calc
-alk
alin
e/al
kali
ne
Rb-
Sr)
af
fini
ties
P
6voa
de
Var
zim
/ A
? ?
cv R
egio
n o
f ab
unda
nt
Vil
a do
Con
de/
Her
cyni
an g
rani
toid
V
ilar
inho
das
Fur
nas
plut
ons
(e.g
. P
orto
) O
ssa-
Mor
ena
zone
A
I g
n: ~280
cv S
to.E
ulat
ia b
atho
lith
; (T
enru
gem
-Sao
(R
b-S
r)
cs m
icro
gn,
mic
rodi
o,
Ram
iio
area
, Elv
as)
Qz-
porp
hYIY
dyk
es
Cha
ves
AI?
cs
S
anto
Est
evi\
o C
K
gran
itoi
d pl
uton
; ap
l,
&@lli~tyry_<lykes
----------
res
1 wtt
n n
o o
tner
ora
ncn
es)
Refe
ren
ces
Sm
ilh
& d
e F
erra
nti
(196
8):
Dav
ies
(198
3);
Fle
min
g et
al.
(198
6);
Han
ley
& B
rads
haw
(19
86);
Ric
hard
s (1
988)
; R
ock
et a
l. (1
98
8b
,c;l
98
9 &
un
publ
.dai
a)
Dav
ies
(198
3)
Sok
olow
ski
(197
0, p
.490
, 49
2):
Now
akow
ska
& T
eiss
eyre
(19
71);
Je
rman
ski
el a
l. (1
974)
; R
yka
(197
4)
Sli
win
ski
(196
0);
Kic
ula
& W
eise
r (1
970)
; S
okol
owsk
i (1
970,
p.
496)
:
Hef
lik
et a
l. (
1985
)
Paw
low
ska
(195
8);
Kar
dym
owic
z (1
962,
1963
); R
ubin
owsk
i (1
962)
; S
zcep
anow
ski
(196
2);
Tam
ow
ska
(196
7,19
68,1
969,
1974
); P
elcz
ar (
1973
):
Wro
blew
ski
(197
4)
Lis
(19
70);
Sok
olow
ski
(197
0, p
.489
-490
)
Kow
alsk
i (1
966)
: S
okol
owsk
i (1
970,
p.4
76-8
); W
ierz
chol
owsk
i (1
977,
19
79);
Cw
odji
nski
(19
82)
Pen
dias
& R
yka
(197
4)
Spa
ngen
berg
(19
51);
So
ko
low
ski
(197
0, p
.470
, 480
)
Can
ilho
(19
71);
Ro
ck (
1982
b)
And
rade
(19
50,1
979)
; F
erre
ira
Pin
to (
1968
)
Mat
a &
Mu
nh
a (1
986)
Assun~o &
Bra
lc-L
amy
(194
8)
-----
I I
~ t1'1 6 n tT
1 tn
N ""' U\
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
S.A
fric
a ?
(Cap
e (F
ig.2
.1)
Prov
ince
} S
.Afr
ica
-(C
ape
(Fig
.2.1
) P
rovi
nce)
S
.Afr
ica
-(C
ape
(Fig
.2.1
) P
rovi
nce
) S
.Afr
ica
-(C
ape
(Fig
.2.1
) P
rovi
nce)
S
.Afr
ica
-(T
rans
vaal
) (F
ig.2
.1)
Sau
di
-A
rabi
a (F
ig.2
.1)
i (A
sir)
S
inga
pore
- (F
ig.2
.1)
Spa
in
Her
cyni
des?
(F
ig.2
.5)
Spa
in
? (G
eren
a)
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Sw
eden
? (F
ig.2
.1)
Sw
eden
- (F
ig.2
.1)
Sw
itze
r lan
e H
ercy
nide
s (F
ig.2
.5)
Tai
wan
- (F
ig.2
.1)
j ab
le L
l. L
on
tmn
ea o
ccu
rren
ces
ot
calc
-aJk
alm
e l
am
oro
oh
\ O
ccu
rren
ce
As
Ag
e,M
a
L
For
m ;
ass
oc.
ig.r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Cap
eTo
wn
A
?
cs S
W C
ape
gran
itoi
d (B
el v
ille
/Moo
res b
erg
plu1
0n
Mal
msb
ury
etc.
) K
uboo
s/B
rem
en,
A
525±
60
CK
K
uboo
s gr
anit
oid
"Cam
pton
ites
" ha
ve
Nam
aqal
and
(U-P
b)
cs b
atho
lith
; B
rem
en
no A
m o
r B
i &
may
gr
anit
e-sy
enit
e pl
uton
be
dio
M
idde
lpla
at
A
lam
p: 9
27±
CM
Ric
hter
swel
d gr
anit
oid
Ter
med
"la
mpr
oiti
c"
dyke
-sw
arm
, 18
2; g
rt:9
11 C
K
plut
on;
Spe
ktak
el
but
AI
cont
ents
too
N
mnn
qahm
d ±
39
(R
b-S
r cs
'm
nitc
-syc
nitc
sui
te
high
; ty
pica
l C
AL
P
hila
delp
hia
A
? cs
Tw
o un
-nam
ed
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
gran
itoi
d st
ocks
Lin
dequ
esdr
ifl/
A
~2000
cs
Vre
defo
rt D
ome
grt;
S
ee a
lso
Tab
le 3
.1 f
or
Ver
eeni
ging
-Hei
del-
(geo
logi
cal
Roo
dekr
aal
volc
ano;
L
inde
ques
drif
t det
ails
be
rg,V
rede
fort
Dom
e ev
iden
ce)
"sye
nodi
orit
e" s
ye,p
eg I (
larg
est k
now
n la
mp)
A
bha
A
?Lat
e C
K
Abh
a gr
anit
oid
plut
on
2 dy
kes
only
P
reca
mbr
ian
cc
Sin
gapo
re I
slan
d A
1 20
0-22
0 cs
· Cen
tral
Son
g an
d
dole
rite
, tr
achy
te
(K-A
r)
CK
P
.Ubi
n gr
anit
oid
dyke
s al
so o
ccur
lp
1uto
ns
Seg
ovia
A
?
cs S
ierr
a de
Gua
rdar
amm
a L
a G
ranj
a, N
ovac
erra
d:J
luw
ns;O
z-P
Oro
hvrv
C
osta
Bra
va C
atal
anc
A
?Ter
tiar
y ?
Cos
ta B
rava
gra
rtit
oid
"gre
en, r
ed"
lam
ps c
u pl
uton
s /c
ut
by
gra
nito
ids;
as
soc.
vou
n~er
AC
H
runn
\nge
A
? ?
CK
P
ossi
bly
rela
ted
to
Ala
nd I
s. g
rani
toid
s
V!t
rmla
nd
A
lam
p: ~904
CK
B
lom
skog
gra
nito
id
grt:
=96
5 I (
K-A
rl
plut
on
Aar
, S
t.G
ouha
rd &
A
I H
ercy
nian
A
ll
Mos
tly
lam
pros
chis
ts
Tic
ino
mas
sifs
(in
c.
(!")
,Alp
ine
/gne
isse
s m
etam
orph
-G
raub
unde
n)
I (2°
) ag
e.o;
ose
d in
Alo
ine
tim
es
Gen
eral
A
O
ligo
cene
N
umer
ous
"gra
nito
id
inje
ctio
ns"
res
(Wlt
ll n
o o
ther
bra
nch
es)
Refe
ren
ces
Wal
ker
(194
9);
Vis
ser
(196
4)
Bil
jon
(194
0);
Mid
dlem
ost
(196
7)
De
Vil
lier
s &
So
hn
ge
(195
9);
Rei
d &
Bar
ton
(198
3);
Hu
nte
r &
Rei
d (1
987)
Bee
son
(197
5)
Rog
ers
(192
2, p
.63)
; W
ille
mse
(19
37);
Nel
& J
anse
n (1
957,
p.4
5);
Bis
scho
ff(1
972)
Okr
usch
& J
amai
-Ail
il (
1979
)
Hut
chis
on (
1964
); C
hew
(19
70)
Fti
ster
(19
51,
1955
); F
tist
er &
lba
roll
a (1
952)
Arr
ibas
(19
52)
Von
Eck
erm
ann
(192
8);
Joha
nnse
n (1
938)
Wah
lgre
n &
Kah
r (1
977)
Was
hing
ton
(191
7);
Gri
lben
man
n (1
919)
; B
eger
(19
23);
Kel
terb
urn
(192
3);
Bea
rth
(193
2);
Bae
chli
n (1
937)
; G
win
ner
(197
1, p
.360
); S
tein
er (
1984
);
Obe
rhll
nsli
(1
98
6 1
987)
; G
iobb
i Ori~oni
et a
l.(l
97
5 1
990)
Y
en (
1985
)
--
tv
u.> o-, r ;l> ~ 0 "0
:r: ~ "'
Co
un
try
Tanz
.ani
a
UK
(C
hann
el
Isle
s}
UK
(E
ngla
nd)
UK
(E
ngla
nd)
UK
(E
ngla
nd)
UK
(E
ngla
nd)
UK
(I
OM
)
UK
(S
cotla
nd)
UK
(S
cotla
nd)
UK
(S
cotla
nd)
UK
(S
cotla
nd)
UK
(S
cotla
nd)
Pro
vin
ce
- Her
cyni
des
(Fig
.2.5
)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
? (F
ig.2
.6)
Tab
le C
l. C
on fi
nned
occ
urre
nces
of
calc
-alk
alin
e la
mpr
ophy
res
(wit
h n
o o
ther
bra
nche
s)
Occ
urr
ence
Vic
tori
a/L
upa
gold
fiel
ds, L
.Ruk
wa
see
also
Tab
le Q
)_
Cha
nnel
Is.
(Je
rsey
, G
uern
sey,
etc
.)
Lak
e D
istr
ict
(Sha
p,
Ken
dal,
Sedb
ergh
, How~ill F
ells
, et
c.)
Pal
aeoz
oic
inlie
rs
(Cro
ss F
ell)
As!
A
ge,
Ma
A21
=270
0?
L
IFo
rm;a
sso
c.ig
.ro
ck;
CM
I D
ykes
e.g
. at
New
C
K
Saz
a an
d G
eita
min
es
CA
Co
mm
ents
Ass
ocia
ted
with
gol
d !H
arri
s (1
981)
m
iner
aliz
atio
n
Ref
eren
ces
All
lam
p: =
296J
. CM
lR. e
l .. a .. te.
d to
Tn\
gast
e.l,
lap!
, pe
g. o
lder
; d
lr
I Sm
ith
(193
3,19
36a,
b,l9
39);
Bis
hop
(196
4);
Loy
(19
67);
Lee
s (1
974)
; 25
4-28
5;
CK
et
c. p
luto
ns-
see
entr
y fu
rthe
r E
sam
e ag
e;
Ada
ms
(197
6);
Wag
ner
& V
elde
(19
85);
Tur
pin
etal
.(l9
88)
[gr~
291
-30
___
Fran
ce (
Nor
man
dy)_
so
me
CM
tra
ns.to
LL
A
lll.
amp
& g
rtiC
MIS
hap
, T
hrel
keld
, I
I Bon
ney
& H
ough
ton
(187
9);
Har
ker
(189
2,19
12);
Mor
riso
n (1
918)
; W
ilso
n =
397,
=43
8 C
K
gran
itoi
d pl
uton
s &
Gil
liga
n (1
924)
; S
mit
h (1
930)
; E
astw
ood
eta!
. (1
968,
p.1
30ff
); P
iper
et
2 ep
isode
§}_
a!.
(197
8);
Mac
dona
ld e
t al.(
1985
); B
GS
Ken
dal
Mem
oir
(shc
ct39
, p.
35)
All
Lat
e I C
MI
Sha
p gr
anit
oid
plut
on;
I Dyk
es r
adia
te f
rom
I M
orri
son(
! 918
);H
udso
n(l9
37);
Tay
lor
et a
l.(l
971
,p.2
9ff)
;Bur
gess
& W
adgc
C
aled
onia
n C
K
porp
hyry
dyk
es
plut
on w
ith m
ore
(197
4,p.
130f
f);B
urge
ss &
Hol
lida
y(19
79,p
.82f
f);A
rthu
rton
& W
adge
(198
1,
acid
ic d
ykes
nea
rer
it p.
86ff
);M
acdo
nald
et a
i.(19
85);
Gas
kart
h ct
a!.(
198
9);B
GS
Bro
ugh
Mem
oir
Nun
eato
n (M
idla
nds)
] A II
Pro
babl
y \v
reki
n,M
alve
m, e
tc
Cal
edon
ian
All
I Mou
ntso
rrel
and
va
riou
s bu
ried
gra
nito
i lo
luto
ns
For
mer
ly "
albi
te-
\Bra
mm
all(
l915
);A
IIen
(196
8);
Hai
ns &
Hor
ton(
l969
, p.
l4);
Ear
p &
Hai
ns
diab
ases
,cam
pton
ites
" (1
971,
p.37
); T
aylo
r &
Rus
hton
(l97
1);
BG
S M
emoi
rs to
Cov
entr
y (p
.40)
, I (W
elsh
Bor
ders
) w
ides
prea
d in
bor
es
Shr
ewsb
ury
(p.6
8,73
,223
), A
ther
ston
e (p
.l3)
; au
thor
's u
npub
l.dat
a C
aled
onid
es?
I Pal
aeoz
oic
inlie
rs
(Fig
.2.6
) (C
ronk
ley
,lngl
eton
, H
augh
ton,
Cau
lley)
All
40
9-4
20
(K
-Ar)
C
MI
We.
arda
le a
nd o
ther
C
K I bu
ried
gra
nito
id
plut
ons;
por
ph d
ykes
Wil
liam
s(l9
23);
Moo
re &
Ash
ton(
l968
);T
aylo
r et
al.
{l97
1, p
.29f
f);
Mac
dona
ld e
t al.{
l985
); N
ixon
et a
l.(l
986)
; G
aska
rth
et a
l.(l
989)
; B
GS
Mem
oir
to l
ngle
boro
ugh
(p.l
5)
Cal
edon
ides
I I
sle
of
Man
, Iri
sh
(Fig
.2.6
) Se
a A
11L
ate
Cal
edon
ian
CM
I D
hoon
& F
ox d
ale
? gr
anit
oid
plut
ons
Lam
ps n
ot re
cent
ly
[Tay
lor
et a
l.(l
971,
p.3
5);
BG
S Is
le o
f M
an M
emoi
r de
scrib
ed
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Cal
edon
ides
(F
ig.2
.6)
Gra
mpi
an H
ighl
ands
j A11
lam
p: L
ate J A
ll I Mo
nadh
liat
h,G
len
Tit
q R
egio
nal d
yke-
swar
m
(Abe
rdee
n, B
ucha
n,
Cal
edon
ian;
L
ochn
agar
, Str
aths
pey
Tay
side
; se
e al
so C
5 gr
t: 39
0-42
pl
uton
s; f
els,
por
pht
Mid
land
Val
ley
!All
Lat
e IC
K I
Dis
tink
horn
gra
nito
id
!Gra
datio
nal d
yke-
(inc
ludi
ng C
atac
ol,
Cal
edon
ian
CS
pl
uton
; po
rphy
rite
, se
ries
la
mp-
porp
ht-
lsle
of A
rran
) po
rphy
ry d
ykes
po
rph-
rhyo
lite
Wil
son
(188
6, p
.l9)
; H
inxm
an &
Wil
son
(190
2, p
.42)
; B
arro
w e
t al
. (1
905,
p.l
l9;
1913
,p.8
2);
Bar
row
& C
raig
(19
12,p
.99)
; H
ome
(192
3,p.
51)
Rea
d (1
923,
p.l6
4);
Pea
cock
et a
l. (1
968,
p.8
1)
Eyl
es e
t al
.(19
49, p
.43f
f);
Her
riot
(197
7);
Noc
kold
s et
al.
(l97
8, p
.367
);
Cam
eron
& S
teph
enso
n (1
985,
p.3
9ff)
NE
Hig
hlan
ds (
Ros
s, A
I I la
mp:
Lat
eJ A
ll I M
igda
le, R
ogar
t, Fea~;,2
epis
odes
lam
ps,
\Pea
ch e
t al
.(l9
12 ..
p.l2
1f.f
; 19
13a.
, p ..
. 77;
.191
3. b
, p.
87);
Hor
ne &
Hin
xman
sh
ire,
Sut
herl
and;
se
Cal
edon
ian;
gr
anit
oid
plut
ons;
fel
s, p
re/p
ostd
atin
g (1
914,
p.5
2);
Rea
d et
al.
(l92
5,p.
51;
1926
, p.1
08,1
66ff
); R
ead
(193
1,
also
Tab
le C
5)
grt
390
-42
porp
ht d
ykes
gr
anito
ids
p.18
3);
Ram
say(
l955
); S
mit
h(l9
l9);
]<)_
hnst
one
(198
9)
NW
Hig
hlan
ds
IBI1
1am
p &
grt
:IC
V !
Lam
p dy
kes,
sill
s; s
ye1B
onal
an/A
ilsh
sye
& I
Pea
ch e
t al.
(l91
0, p
.86)
;Rea
d et
al.
(192
6, p
.l08
ff);
S
abin
e (1
953)
; (A
ssyn
t/R
atag
ain;
A
I 41
3-43
1 (K
CS
bo
r.ol
anite
, sh
on.k
,p. x
nt R
a·ta·
gain
grt
-sye
;lam
p S
uthe
rlan
d (1
982)
; Tho
mps
on &
Fow
ler
(198
6);
Hal
lida
y et
al.
(l98
7)
see
also
Tab
le C
5)
_ -A
r, R
b-S
r)
fels
int
r; s
hosh
lav
as _
= o
nly
prim
itiv
e ro
ck
She
tlan
d Is
. !A
ll la
mp
& g
rtiC
S I
Ron
as H
ill,
Gra
ven
jAJs
odol
erit
edyk
es
Lat
e gr
anit
oid
plut
ons;
fel
s,
Cal
edon
ian
porp
ht d
ykes
Phe
mis
ter
(195
2);
Myk
ura
(197
6, p
.94f
f);
Myk
ura
& P
hem
isre
r (1
976,
p.
248)
UK
I Cale
doni
des I Sou
ther
n U
plan
ds
(Sco
tland
) (F
ig.2
.6)
(Bor
ders
, C
hevi
ot,
Gal
low
ay, e
tc.)
A3\
lam
p: 3
97
JAIJ
IC
riff
el,
Coc
kbur
n L
aw\ l
amps
bra
cket
gn
\G
ardi
ner
& R
eyno
lds(
1932
);M
acgr
egor
(l93
7);P
hill
ips
(195
6);L
umsd
en e
t al
or
to >
425
inc.
P
ries
tlaw
, D
oon
grt
plut
ons
in t
ime;
Rea
d (l
%7)
;Gre
ig(1
971)
;Bar
nes
et a
l.(l
986,
1988
);L
eake
& C
oope
r(l9
83);
Roc
k A
4 gr
t: 39
5-4
CA
pl
uton
s; p
orph
t dyk
es
(192
6);K
ing
(193
7)
& R
undl
e(l9
86);
Mac
dona
ld e
t ai.
(I98
6);R
ock
et a
l.(19
86a,
b; 1
987;
198
8a)
~ ;g s n tT1
(/)
tv
UJ _,
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
UK
C
nic<
loni
dcs
(Sco
tlan
d)
(Fig
.2.6
)
UK
C
aled
onid
es
(Sco
tlan
d)
(Fig
.2.6
)
UK
C
aled
onid
es .
(U
lste
r)
(Fig
.2.6
)
UK
/lre
land
Cal
edon
ides
(B
riti
sh
(Fig
.2.6
) Is
les)
U
SA
A
lask
an
(AL
)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(A
L)
Cor
dill
era
I<F
ig.2
.ll
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(A
L)
Cor
rlil
lera
I(
Fig
.2.9
) U
SA
-
(AL
) (F
ig.2
.9)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(A
Z)
Cor
rlil
lera
F
ig.2
.10)
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
(CA
) C
orrl
ille
ra
11F
ig.2
.10)
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
(CO
) C
orrl
ille
ra
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(C
O)
Cor
rlil
lera
I (
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(C
O)
Cor
dill
era
lcF
ig.2
,10)
1 aD
le c
1. c
on
rmn
ea
occ
urre
nces
or
caJc
-aJK
aune
Jam
prop
n O
ccu
rren
ce
As
Ag
e,M
a
L F
orm
;a
sso
c.i g
.ro
ck
Co
mm
en
ts
SW
Hig
hlan
ds (
Isln
y A
I lu
mp
: L
ntc
A
ll
Arr
ochn
r, B
alla
chul
ish,
?.2
epi
sode
s la
mps
, C
olon
say,
Arg
yll;
"''
Cal
edon
ian
Eti
ve,G
arab
al,
Nev
is,
pre/
syn/
post
dati
ng g
rt
also
Tab
le C
5)
grl:
390-
42(
gn·
fels
, po
rpht
dyk
es
W H
ighl
ands
/Isl
ands
A
I la
mp:
406
A
ll
Rat
agai
n, S
tron
tian,
?.
2 ep
isod
es l
amps
, (I
ona,
Loc
habe
r,
to >
420
Ros
s o
f M
ull
plut
ons;
pr
e/po
stda
ting
grt
A
rdgo
ur;s
ee a
lso
C5
grt:
410-
42
fels
, po
rphl
dyk
es
Ard
s-N
ewry
sw
arm
A
I =
400
(by
All
N
ewry
gra
nito
id
?.2
epis
odes
lam
ps
(see
als
o T
able
C5)
an
alog
y)
plut
on;
porp
hyry
dyk
01
(fol
iate
d/un
foli
ated
);
asso
c. b
ase
met
als
Gen
eral
A
I =
400
(by
All
N
umer
ous
gran
itoid
>
5,00
0 dy
kes
rang
ing
anal
ogy)
pl
uton
s fr
om S
heU
ands
to
Eng
lish
Mid
land
s C
entr
al Y
ork
Mtn
s.,
A
Ter
tiar
y C
K
Dyk
es a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
Ass
ocia
ted
Be-
Sn-
Wes
tern
Sew
ard
CM
gra
nito
ids;
age
ord
er (
I fl
uori
te m
iner
aliz
atio
n P
enin
sula
gr
t; (
2) l
amps
· (3
)vei
n W
illo
w C
reek
B
l la
mp:
66±
2 D
ykes
cut
ting
L
amps
coe
val
wit
h gr
t: 6
5,73
T
alke
etna
Mtn
s.
Au-
Qz
vein
s ,(
K-A
r)
gran
itoi
d ba
thol
ith
Sal
mon
Bay
, P
rinc
e B
l C
reta
ceou
s cs
ph
onol
ites
; yo
unge
r T
h-R
EE
-Cb
vein
s;
of
Wal
es I
s.
or E
arly
C
K
basa
lts
"lam
prop
hyri
c bi
otit
e T
erti
ary
horn
blen
de a
lbit
ite"
B
okan
Mou
ntai
n,
A ~ISO (
K-A
r C
M P
eral
kali
ne g
rani
tes
of
Lam
ps a
lter
ed a
nd
Pri
nce
of
Wal
es I
s.
151±
5 ?
Bok
an p
luto
nic
may
inc
lude
CC
,CP
I (
Rb-
Sr)
C
ompl
ex
Cer
bat
Ran
ge,
A4
Lat
e Ju
rass
. C
K
gran
ite-
porp
hyry
dyk
es I
mpo
rtan
t m
inin
g B
lack
Mtn
s., G
rand
-E
arly
C
M a
nd s
tock
s di
stri
ct
Was
hing
ion
Cli
ffs
Cre
tace
ous
CV
In
depe
nden
ce
A4
lam
p: ~150 cs
Sie
rra
Nev
ada
gran
itoi
d G
rada
tion
al s
erie
s dy
ke..s
war
rn
grt:
149-
18
bath
olit
h fr
om l
amp
to g
rdi-
(plu
s ~103)
porp
h· r
egio
nal
lam
ps
La
Pla
ta {
Alla
rd)
B?
stoc
k
Api
shap
a Q
uadr
angl
e B
l T
erti
ary
CM
tin
guai
tes,
bas
alts
N
ow c
onsi
dere
d C
V
sepa
rate
cen
tre
from
St
>_an
ish P
eal<
s E
lk M
tn .,
Elk
head
B
l la
mp:
C
M E
lk M
tn.=
sill
of
porp
h "V
erit
e" o
f M
tns.
/For
tifi
cati
on
7.6-
11.1
w
ith
CM
enc
lave
s in
F
orti
fica
tion
dyk
e =
dy
ke C
raig
I <
K-A
rl w
ide
volc
anic
fie
ld
CM
res
( wun
no
otne
r or
ancn
es 1
R
efe
ren
ces
J G
unn
et a
i.(I
897,
p.10
6);
Hil
l et
nl.
(l90
5,p.
106)
; K
ynas
ton
& H
ill
(190
8,
1 p.
116)
; H
inxm
an e
l al.
(192
3,p.
76);
Fie
u(19
29);
And
erso
n(l9
35b)
; A
nder
son
I &
Tyr
rell
(l93
6);
Bai
ley
(195
8·19
60,p
.226
); B
orra
dail
e(19
86);
Roc
k(l9
88a)
B
aile
y &
And
erso
n (1
925,
p.3
8);
Lee
& B
aile
y (1
925,
p.5
4);
Gal
lagh
er
I (1
963)
; S
mit
h (1
979)
; R
ock
& H
unte
r (1
987)
; Jo
hnst
one
(198
9)
Sey
mou
r (1
900)
; R
eyno
lds
(193
1,!9
38);
Tom
keie
ff &
Mar
shal
l (1
940)
; G
ran
t (1
966)
; W
ilso
n (1
972,
p.2
5);
Mor
ris
et a
i.(I
986)
; M
urph
y (1
987)
Ric
hey
(193
9);
Sut
herl
and
(198
2);
Ro
cket
al.
(198
8a)
Sai
nsbu
ry (
1969
)
Mad
den-
McG
uire
et a
l.(1
988)
Hou
ston
el
al.(
1958
); H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.369
)
Mac
Kev
itt
(195
5);
Tho
mps
on e
t al.
(l9
80
)
Sch
rade
r (1
909)
; W
ashi
ngto
n (1
917)
Moo
re &
Hop
son
(196
1);
Che
n &
Moo
re (
1979
); T
ilto
n (1
983)
; Ja
mes
(1
989)
Was
hing
ton
(191
7)
Cro
ss (
1914
); K
nopf
(19
36)
Ros
s (1
926b
); L
eal e
t al.
(l9
88
)
N
w
00
r' ;... ~ 0 :g ;a C'f
1 "'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
US
A
N.A
mcr
ican
(C
O)
Cor
dille
ra
i<F
ig.2
.10)
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
(CO
) C
ordi
ller
a i<
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
-(C
O)
US
A
Her
cyni
des
(MD
) (F
igs.
2.1,
2.
5 2.
10l
US
A
Sup
erio
r (M
N, M
I)
(Fig
.2.9
)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(M
f)
Cor
dille
ra
I 1F
ig.2
,10l
US
A
Her
cyni
des
(NC)
(F
igs.
2.1,
2.
5, 2
.10)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(N
M)
Cor
dille
ra
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
Tra
ns-P
ecos
(N
M)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
-(N
V)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
Her
cyni
des
(SC
) (F
igs.
2.1,
2.
5, 2
.10)
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
(SD
fWY
) C
ordi
llera
F
ig.2
.10)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(U
T)
Cor
dille
ra?
Fig
.2.1
0l
1ao1
e \.
-1.
\.-o
nmm
eu o
ccur
renc
es o
r ca
ic-r
uKan
ne I
ampr
opnF
eSJW
Hn
no m
ner
oran
cnes
)
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm; a
sso
c. i g
. ro
ck
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s
Red
Mln
. A
6 la
mp
& r
hy
CK
E
arly
com
pos
ite
lam
p A
ssoc
iaie
d po
rphy
ry-
Ger
aght
y et
al.
(l98
8)
24
-33
dy
kes
(Tab
le 3
.1);
lat
e M
o sy
siem
s (C
lim
ax
. (K
-Ar)
rh
yoli
te s
tock
s dy
kes
& U
rad-
Hen
ders
on)
Ute
MLn
s. B
l E
arly
cs
A f
ew l
amp
dyke
s,
Intr
udes
La!
e E
kren
& H
ouse
r (1
965)
Ter
tiar
y si
lls;
mo
nz,
dio
rite
, C
reta
ceou
s se
dim
ents
I por
ph,
gbr
lacc
olit
hs
Saw
atch
MLn
s. R
L
ate
CM
Hun
dred
s of
she
ets
in
Pet
rogr
aphy
and
P
ears
on (
1959
)
Pre
cam
bria
n cv
sw
arm
met
amor
phos
ed c
hem
istr
y su
ppor
ts
cs t
o am
phib
olit
e fa
cies
la
mpr
ophy
ric
natu
re
Gre
at F
alls
, W
of
AI
-36
0 (K
-Ar)
CK
B
ear
Isla
nd g
rani
tic a
nd L
ocal
ised
lam
p R
eed
& R
eed
(l%
9);
Ree
d et
al.
(l97
0)
Was
hing
ton
DC
pe
gmat
itic
plu
gs,
dyke
-sw
arm
dy
kes
vein
s
N.M
inne
sota
(D
ead
A2
lam
p:26
00?
CK
S
agan
aga,
Sno
wba
nk
(in
Abi
tibi
, O
pati
ka,
Ayr
es &
Hig
gins
(19
39);
Gel
don
(197
2);
Sim
s &
Mud
rey
(197
2);
Mud
rey
Riv
er e
tc),
Mic
higa
n g
rt: ~2700
cs g
rani
toid
sto
cks
Uch
i, W
abig
oon,
&
Gel
don
(197
3);
Erv
in &
Mud
rey
(197
5,19
76)
i !M
arou
et!e
etc
.) W
awa
sub-
prov
ince
s)
Hig
hwoo
d M
tns.
/ B
l 4
8-5
2
CM
Lam
p,ti
ng,
trac
h dy
kes
CM
for
mer
ly "
maf
ic
Pir
sson
(19
05);
Was
hing
ton
(191
7);
Lar
sen
et a
\.(1
941)
; B
uie
(194
1);
LitU
e B
elt
Mtn
s./
(K-A
r)
CK
m
onz,
shon
k,fe
rgus
ite,
phon
olii
e,m
onch
iqui
t B
urge
ss (
1941
); W
itki
nd (
1969
,197
0,19
73);
Woo
ds (
1976
); O
'Bri
en e
t al.
Cas
Ue
Mtn
s.
dvk<
sye
int
r; s
hosh
lav
as
cam
pton
iie"
etc
. 11
1988
2.
Cha
rlot
te B
elt
AI
lam
p: 3
30-
CM
Con
cord
syc
,grt
&
Mau
ger
(198
8a,b
)
(Con
cord
, 35
0 (K
-Ar)
; o
lhcr
var
ied
plu
ton
ic
Har
risb
urg)
, g
n:30
0-40
C
rock
s of
Cha
rlot
te b
elt
Sla
gle
Can
yon,
B
? P
roba
bly
CM
Qua
tern
ary
basa
lt,
Rel
atio
n to
Qua
t.
Lee
& M
erti
e (1
922)
; C
olli
ns (
1949
); S
tobb
e (1
949)
Col
fax
Cty
.; R
aton
-Q
uaie
mar
y cv
dac
iie,
pho
noli
ie,
vole
s, n
omen
clat
ure
Bri
llian
t qua
dran
gles
tr
achy
te l
avas
un
cert
ain
Sac
ram
ento
Mtn
s./
R1
44.2
±2.
2 cs
"N
umer
ous
dyke
s,si
lls '
Exh
ibit
flo
w
Asq
uith
(19
73a,
b,c)
Sund
ance
Qua
dran
gle
(K-A
rl
CA
te
rmed
"ca
mpt
onit
e";
diff
eren
tiat
ion
and
lalf
"dio
rite
s"-
CA
ad
ular
ia c
aviti
es
San
ta R
osa
Mtn
s.
A
? D
ykes
: as
soc.
dio
rite
, A
ssoc
ia!e
d br
ucii
e W
ells
(19
37,
p.32
)
(Par
adis
e R
ange
, gr
anod
iori
ie, a
ndes
iie
depo
sit
Min
eral
Cou
nty
etc.
I p
orph
yry,
apl
ite
Win
nsbo
ro'
AI
298±
11
cs 2
-3 c
ompo
site
dyk
es
See
als
o T
able
3.1
V
ogel
& W
ilbr
and
(197
8);
McS
wee
n et
a\.(
1979
); M
auge
r (1
988b
)
(K-A
r)
asso
c. w
ilh R
ion
adam
elli
te p
luto
n
Bla
ck H
ills
/ B
1 T
erti
ary
CM
Ne-
sye,
Psd
lc-p
orph
, In
clud
es M
iner
al H
ill
Dar
ton
& O
'Har
rn (
1905
); K
irch
ner
(197
9)
Sund
ance
are
a cv
tra
ch,
phon
; la
mp
ring
dyk
e co
mpl
ex
I (Squ
aw C
reek
etc
.) dy
kes
over
wid
e ar
ea
Sant
aqui
n-N
ebo
? ?
cs D
yke
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
Wel
ls (
1937
, p.
41)
I
~ 1'!1 z 0 n m
fj)
N
U.>
"'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
IY
IY)
Cor
dill
era
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
IY
IY)
Cor
dill
era
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
IY
IY)
Cor
dill
ern
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A (
AL
) N
.Am
eric
an
Can
ada
(Br
Cor
d.iii
eril
Col
umbi
a\
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A(M
T)
N.A
mer
ican
an
dCan
adJJ
Cor
dill
era
I (A
iber
tal
Fig
.2.9
/10)
,U
SA
(WN
N.A
mer
ican
ID
)!C
anad
ll C
ordi
ller
a IC
BC
) F
ig.2
.10)
U
SS
R
? (Fig
.2.1
)
US
SR
H
ercy
nide
s (A
siat
ic)
ltF
ig.2
.1)
US
SR
K
azak
hsta
n (F
ig.2
.1)
US
SR
- (F
ig.2
.1)
US
SR
- (F
ig.2
.1)
Yug
osla
via -
(Mac
edon
ill (
Fig
.2.1
) S
erbi
a,et
c.
Yug
osla
via
? (S
love
nia)
(F
ig.2
.1)
no
te L
1. L
onnr
mea
occ
urre
nces
or
catc
-atK
atm
e ta
mpr
opny
O
ccu
rren
ce
As
Ag
e,M
a L
F
orm
;a
sso
c.ig
. ro
ck
Co
mm
en
ts
Gra
nite
Mt.n
s. B
1 M
iddl
e-L
ate
cv 3
6 er
upti
ve c
entr
es o
f A
ssoc
iate
d U
dep
osit
s (R
au!e
snak
e H
ills
) Eo
cene
ph
onol
ite,
lat
ite,
tr
achy
te·
lam
p dy
kes
Bea
r L
odge
Mln
s.
B
38-5
0 C
K
lati
te,
sye,
Ne-
sye,
A
ssoc
iate
d T
h-U
(K
-Ar)
cs
pho
noli
te,
Psd
lc-
depo
sits
I p
orph
yry,
car
bona
tite
Y
ello
wst
one
Par
k B
1 T
ertia
ry
CK
ab
saro
kite
, sh
osho
nite
, ba
nati
te l
avas
; m
onzo
nite
int
rusi
ons
Ket
chik
an-P
rinc
e A
? ?¥
ioce
ne
cs
Hun
dred
s o
f dy
kes,
S
ever
al s
war
ms
over
R
uper
t-S
tew
an
R7
(<45
); m
ay
som
e yo
unge
r th
an
15,0
00 s
q.km
; ch
em.
min
ing
cam
p re
gion
be
2 p
hase
s C
oast
Ran
ge b
atho
lith
tr
ansi
tiona
l to
AL
S
wee
t Gra
ss H
ills
B
1 ""
8 (
K-A
r)
CM
Lam
p dy
kes.
sil
ls;
CM
mai
nly
in e
ast;
di
o-po
rph,
sye
-por
ph,
outl
ier
of
Hig
hwoo
d ti
ngua
ite
lacc
olit
hs
Mtn
s. m
agm
atis
m
49th
par
alle
l A
I L
: 46
-60
All
Cen
tral
Ida
ho, T
rail
, la
mp
cuts
grt
but
cut
(R
ossl
and/
Coe
ur
Bl
(K-A
r);
She
ppar
d. M
tStu
an
by g
rt d
ykes
; co
eval
d'
Aie
ne,C
orba
ley)
G
rt:
47-9
0 I p
luto
ns;
Cor
yell
int
r.
K-r
ich
sye,
mon
z et
c.
Mag
nitn
aya
A
? V
ario
us g
rani
toid
M
ost
lam
ps a
re
plut
ons
pre-
gran
ite
but
one
chil
ls a
gain
st i
t C
huya
, A
ltay
Say
an
A
lam
ps:a
v.
CM
Tar
khab
a gr
anit
oid
Sev
eral
elo
ngat
e or
23
0 (K
-Ar)
; C
K
plut
ons
(Kal
ba
dyke
-sw
arm
s in
vade
R
ll!
:rt 2
40-2
9 co
mo l
ex)
lolu
tons
K
azak
shta
n (c
entr
al)
A
? V
ario
us g
rani
toid
pl
uton
s
E. T
rans
baik
alll
..ena
A
Ju
rass
ic
CK
A
mud
zhik
an-S
hcte
nsk,
Als
o po
rpht
. hy
brid
s;
cs K
ara-
Cha
chin
sk g
rt;
lam
ps e
mpl
aced
I g
rtjg
rdi-
ooro
h dv
kes
betw
een
2 1!:
11 p
hase
s T
alak
htak
h, A
naba
r R
? P
alae
ozoi
c C
M I
sola
ted
vent
T
erm
ed "
lam
proi
te"
mas
sif
but
AI
• K
and
K
itse
lf to
o lo
w
Kri
ve P
alan
ke,
A
Ter
tiary
C
M A
ndes
ite-d
acite
-rhy
olit<
"K
ajan
ite"
intr
usiv
es
Rud
nik,
Bor
anja
, B
(N
eoge
ne)
and
"bos
toni
te,
lati
te,
appe
ar c
hem
ical
ly to
Z
vom
ik,
Rip
anj
etc
shos
honi
te"
lava
s be
typ
ical
CA
L
Poh
otje
mas
sif
A
? cs
Poh
orje
ton
alit
e pl
uton
Dyk
es c
ut
tona
lite
res
t wun
no
omer
ora
ncne
s J
Ref
eren
ces
Lov
e (1
970)
Sta
atz
(198
3);
Woo
lley
(19
87,
p.12
6)
Was
hing
ton
(191
7);
Jopl
in (
1968
)
Han
son
(192
9,19
35);
Gro
ve (
1971
); S
mit
h (1
973)
; A
ldri
ck. e
t al.
(198
7)
Kem
p &
Bil
ling
sley
(19
21);
Wil
liam
s &
Dye
r (1
930)
; C
urri
e (1
976,
p.1
72;
Bar
ber
(190
4);
Dal
y (1
912)
; D
rysd
ale
(191
5);
Sha
nnon
(19
20);
Wat
ers
(192
7);
Gil
bert
(19
48);
Hop
son
(195
7);
Fyl
es e
t al.
(l97
3)
Zav
arit
sky
(193
5)
Obo
lens
kaya
& F
irso
v (1
966)
Eff
iilO
va (
1970
)
Zal
utsk
i (1
962)
; S
olom
in (
1969
); S
olov
'yev
a (1
973)
; D
aniy
elya
nts
&
Yak
hov
(197
5)
Vis
hnev
skli
et
al.(
1986
)
Zuj
ovic
(18
90);
Dim
itri
jevi
c (1
928)
; T
omic
(19
29);
Kar
amat
a (1
955)
; K
neze
vic
(195
6,19
76);
Tru
belj
a &
Pas
k.va
lin (
1962
); M
ajer
(19
65);
Maj
er
& K
aram
ata
(198
3)
Dol
ar-M
antu
arti
& K
Jem
en(l
940)
-~
---
-~-
-------
~
0 ~ ~ 0 ;g --<
;>;) tr1 "'
1a01
e L
J. L
onnr
mea
occ
urre
nces
or
caic
-ruK
anne
Iam
prop
n' e
s lW
itn n
o om
er o
ranc
nesJ
C
ou
ntr
y
Pro
vin
ce
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L F
orm
;ass
oc.
i g. r
ock
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
Zim
babw
e -
Lim
popo
R
=
2650
cs
Def
orm
ed d
ykes
C
hem
istr
y so
mew
hat
Wat
keys
& A
rmst
rong
(19
85)
/S.A
fric
a (F
ig.2
.1)
(cen
tral
bel
t)
(Rb-
Sr,
fo
rmer
ly m
appe
d as
tr
ansi
tion
al to
AL
, (T
rans
vaal
P
b-P
b)
"am
phib
olit
es"
I Q
U'l e
Co
un
try
P
ro
vin
ce
Ang
ola
Ang
olan
(F
ig.2
.2)
Ant
arct
ica
-
Ant
arct
ica
- (Fig
.2.2
)
Atl
anti
c Ib
eria
n O
cean
(F
ig.2
.12)
AU
ant
ic
Oce
anic
O
cean
Is
land
s IC
Fig
.2.2
) A
tlan
tic
Oce
anic
O
cean
Is
land
s IC
Fig
.2.2
) A
tlan
tic
Oce
anic
O
cean
Is
land
s F
iR.2
.2)
Atl
anti
c O
cean
ic
Oce
an
Isla
nds
Fig
.2.2
) A
tlan
tic
Oce
anic
O
cean
Is
land
s F
ig.2
.2)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
lfF
ig.2
.2/8
)_
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
(Fig
.2.2
&
2.8
) A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(NS
W)
Bel
t (F
ig.2
.2
& 2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
(Fig
.2.2
&
2.8
)
~ ~ ...
... .._
. ,.
_.._
, ._
....
,,,L
<<
•••
.,_ ..
......
......
......
... L
.,_,
,..,_
..,_
......
.... ~·~~ ..
....
....
...
,._
..,,
, a...
. ''
'"'"
....
........
........
........
........
........
.... '-'
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (p
lus
Wo
oll
ey
19
87
; •=
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
Zcn
za d
o ll
ombe
M
·1
10
A
M N
umer
ous
Syen
ite-
carb
onat
ile
com
plex
H
olm
es (
1915
); A
ndra
de (
1954
); A
ires
Bar
ros
(196
5)
(ass
umed
) dy
kes
Bun
ger
Hil
ls
R
502±
10
AC
D
yke
swar
m
Dif
fere
ntia
ted
("tr
achy
-S
hera
ton
et a
1.(1
990)
(R
b-S
r)
AM
ba
salt
") a
ssoc
iate
s: a
lso
olde
U
ML
(T
able
C3)
A
lexa
nder
Isl
and
R
~15 (
K-A
r) A
C
5 dy
kes
Pan
of
basa
ltic
pro
vinc
e H
ome
& T
ho
mp
son
(19
67);
Rex
(19
70)
(Ura
nus;
Nep
tune
gl
acie
rs)
Gor
ring
e B
ank
M ~
AC
D
redg
e ro
cks
Tw
o la
va s
erie
s:
Com
en (
1981
,198
2):
Fer
aud
et a
l. (
1982
) (K
-Ar)
A
M a
(jsum
ed t
o ne
phel
init
e-ph
onol
ite
and
AB
be
lav
as
AL
-mug
eari
te-t
rach
y te
B
erm
uda
R5
•33
(K
-Ar)
AC
40
0 sh
eets
In
form
atio
n en
tire
ly f
rom
A
umen
to &
Ade
-Hal
l (1
973)
; A
umen
to e
t al.
(197
4);
Rey
nold
s &
Aum
ento
(19
74)
Sea
mou
nt
inte
r fin
gere
d dr
ill-
core
w
ith
lava
s F
erna
ndo
do
S5
Lat
e A
M D
ykes
, A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
basa
nite
s,
Cam
pbel
l Sm
ith
& B
urri
(19
33);
De
Alm
eida
(19
55)
Nor
onha
M
ioce
ne
plug
s, d
om
e ph
onol
ites
Fue
rtev
entu
ra,
M
Pli
ocen
e A
C
Inte
nse
Lam
ps f
orm
com
pone
nt o
f L
6pez
Rui
z (1
970a
,b)
Can
ary
Is.
dyke
-sw
arm
do
min
anU
y ba
salt
ic s
war
m
Mai
o, C
ape
S5
8-1
6
AS
Inte
nse
For
mer
ly "
voge
site
s":
clos
e P
art
(195
0);
Ass
un9A
o &
Can
ilho
(19
69);
Mit
chel
l-T
horn
e (1
976)
; F
um
es &
V
erde
is.
(K-A
r)
swar
m o
f as
soc.
alk
alin
e pl
uton
s:
Sti
llm
an (
1985
) sh
eets
10
0% e
xten
sion
in
plac
es
Tri
ndad
e S5
Ter
tiar
y A
M D
ykes
, pl
ugs
De
Alm
eida
(19
61)
Nan
dew
ar M
tns.
M
T
erti
ary
AM
Sil
ls
Ric
hly
xeno
lith
ic a
nd
Jens
en (
1907
); J
opli
n (1
965)
(D
ingo
Cre
ek,
xeno
crys
tic;
ass
oc.
trac
hyte
-et
c.)
I ph
onol
ite
volc
anic
su
ite
Mur
rum
burr
ah
Rl
194±
3 A
M D
ykes
S
ome
leuc
ite-
bear
ing
Har
vey
& J
opli
n (1
941)
; W
ellm
an e
t al.
(19
70);
Jaq
ues
et a
l. (
1985
) (K
-Ar)
ex
ampl
es m
ay b
e la
rnpr
oite
s
Sou
ther
n M
10
1±4
AM
Num
erou
s B
udde
roo,
Bul
li,G
ood
Dog
, H
arpe
r (1
915)
: S
Uss
mil
ch (
1922
);
Jopl
in (
1965
); B
owm
an (
1971
); C
arr
& F
acer
C
oalf
ield
(B
ulli
, (K
-Ar)
plu
.AC
dy
kes,
sil
ls
Mt.
Neb
o,O
'Bri
ens,
etc
;pub
l.
(198
0);
Jaqu
es e
t al
.(19
85);
She
rwin
& H
olm
es (
1986
) Wo
llon
~on~
.etc
. ou
nger
?A
C
nam
es v
ary;
ass
oc.
ting
,pho
W
este
rn
R
AM
Dyk
es
Exa
mpl
es a
t P
uuy
Cre
ek e
tc .
Car
ne (
1908
); B
row
ne (
1933
); J
opli
n (1
965)
C
oalf
ield
';: "' r ;... ~ 0 '"1:1 :r:
-< ::0
trl
(/)
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Aus
tral
ia
Lac
hlan
Fol
d (V
IC)
Bel
t (F
ig.2
.2
& 2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (V
IC)
Bel
t (F
ig.2
.2
& 2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (V
IC)
Bel
t (F
ig.2
.2
& 2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
C.A
ustr
alia
n I(
WA
) M
obile
Bel
t I (
Fig
.2.2
/8)
Aus
tria
V
enet
ian
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Aus
tria
V
enet
ian
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Bra
zil
Fort
alez
a (C
ear.i
) (F
ig.2
.2)
Bra
zil
Bra
zilia
n (R
io d
e (F
ig.2
.2)
Jane
iro)
B
razi
l B
rnzi
lian
(S3o
(F
ig.2
.2)
Paul
o)
Can
ada
-(B
ritis
h (F
igs.
2.2
&
Col
umbi
a) 2
.9)
Can
ada
Sam
e ag
e as
(N
FD
) M
onte
regi
an
Fig
s.2.
2/9)
C
anad
a (G
renv
ille
(Ont
ario
) su
bpro
vinc
e of
Shi
eld)
C
anad
a C
oldw
ell
(Ont
ario
)
.I.U
.V.I
. ...
. '-
'.W
..o
'-'VIII.~I.~I~ ..
....
..
V
....
.. l.l
.ll\
.<1
1 ...
....
. 1
VI.
U,l
..l\
o.U
IIII ..
. I.U
II.I
. IV
II
.... ~
T"
'l.l
ll
IIIJ
IJ
III._
..
VO
U.I
J ..
. IO
...
~
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
ooll
ey
1987
; •=
refs
m
ainl
y to
in
clus
ions
)
Ben
digo
gol
dfie
l< R
14
6-15
5 A
M D
ykes
in
Tho
ugh
muc
h yo
unge
r, A
M
Still
wel
l (1
912)
; S
keat
s (1
914)
; E
dwar
ds (
1934
,193
8);
Dav
id (
1950
, p.1
95-6
);
(als
o B
alla
rat,
(K-A
r)
man
y m
ines
ar
e gu
ides
to A
u ve
ins
sinc
e M
cDou
gall
& W
ellm
an (
1976
); H
inde
(19
88);
Wilk
inso
n (1
988a
,b)
Garon~.
etc.
) th
ev p
inoo
int s
addl
e re
efs
Old
er V
olca
nics
R
Pa
laeo
cene
AC
R
egio
nal
Subo
rdin
ate
crin
aniL
es, b
as,
Edw
ards
(19
38);
Jaq
ues
et a
l.(19
85)
-ear
ly
AM
dyk
e-sw
arm
s ra
re n
ephe
linite
s, l
ing,
pho
n;
Mio
cene
a
few
plu
gs
feed
ers
to b
asal
tic l
avas
S.
Gip
psla
nd
R
Low
er
AM
>20
plu
gs,
Gra
datio
n be
twee
n A
M,
AD
E
dwar
ds (
1934
); J
aque
s et
al.(
l985
) (C
ape
Pate
rson
, O
ligoc
ene
AD
nu
mer
ous
and
vari
ous
basa
ltic/
fels
itic
And
erso
n In
let)
dyke
s ro
cks;
sin
gle
01-n
ephe
liniL
e W
anda
gee
Rl
=160
A
M 1
4 di
atre
mes
Pi
criti
c; a
few
dia
mon
ds;
Atk
inso
n et
al.
(l98
4a);
Jaq
ues
et a
l.(19
86,1
989b
); •
Nix
on e
t al.
(l98
7)
(K-A
r)
0.5-
3.75
ha,
ch
emic
ally
tra
nsiti
onal
to
8 si
lls/
dyk
e! K
lL b
ut m
iner
alog
ical
ly A
M
Gol
deck
Mm
s.
Rl
=30
(K-A
r, A
S D
ykes
T
erm
ed "
alka
libas
altic
dyk
es'
Deu
tsch
(19
84)
Rb-
Sr)
but a
re o
cell
ar a
nd r
ich
in K
t B
i and
Af·
henc
e -
AL
N
.Cal
care
ous
Rl
Ass
umed
A
C
Dyk
es
Form
erly
cal
led
"ehr
wal
dite
" T
rom
msd
orf (
1962
a,b)
A
lps
(Ehr
wal
d,
Ter
tiary
In
nsbr
uck,
etc
.) G
ener
.d
M
=30
(K-A
r) A
M D
ykes
, pl
ugs
AM
are
pro
babl
y pa
rent
al to
Si
al (
1987
) as
soci
ated
pho
nolit
es
Tln
gua
M
58-<
i6
AM
Dyk
es
Incl
udes
one
of
mon
cttiq
uite
H
unte
r &
Ros
enbu
sch
(189
0);
Was
tting
ton
(191
7)
(K-A
r)
type
-roc
ks;
mod
ern
dyke
de
scri
ptio
ns n
ot a
vaila
ble
Mon
te d
e T
rigo
M
=
80(K
-Ar
AC
N
umer
ous
Part
of N
e-sy
e/th
eral
ite
Cou
tinh
o &
Mel
cher
(19
73)
onN
e-sy
e) A
M d
ykes
in
trus
ive
com
plex
with
A
S ph
onol
ites
shon
kini
tes
etc.
Ic
e R
iver
s
=360
A
M N
umer
ous
Lam
ps l
ates
t pha
se o
f H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.401
); T
uttl
e &
Git
tins
(19
66, p
.526
); C
urri
e (1
975,
1976
) (K
-Ar)
dy
kes
carb
onat
ite c
ompl
ex
Not
re D
ame
Bay
M
( 11
5-14
4 A
C
Dyk
es;
stoc
k L
amp
conc
entr
atio
ns a
t H
ey!
(193
6);
Hel
wig
et a
1.(1
974)
; S
tron
g &
Har
ris
(197
4);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.43)
; (B
ay o
f Exp
loits
) (K
-Ar)
at
Bud
gells
T
will
inga
te,H
arri
s; c
hem
istr
) L
apoi
nte
(197
9)
Har
bour
of
som
e tr
ansi
tiona
l to
UM
L
Stur
geon
M
?
AL
? D
ykes
, one
C
ut s
ye c
ompl
ex,
may
be
Woo
lley
(198
7, p
.23)
; Sa
ge (
1988
d)
Nar
row
s bo
udin
aged
yo
unge
r; 4
0-70
% A
b,
25-6
0% B
i, 5%
Cb
+ fl
uori
te
Kill
ala
Lak
e M
=1
185
+
AM
Dyk
es
Seve
ral
lam
p ge
nera
tions
C
urri
e (1
976,
p.1
61);
Woo
lley
(198
7, p
.26)
; Sa
ge (
1988
e)
=30
0 cu
tting
sye
ap
pear
to
be p
rese
nt, s
ome
K-A
r)
and
host
-roc
l re
late
d to
.sye
com
plex
?; ;g ~ "' ~ ""
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Can
ada
Kap
uska
sing
S
eabr
ook
Lak
e (O
ntar
io)
Can
ada
Col
dwel
l P
ort
Col
dwel
l/
(Ont
ario
) (F
igs.
2.2
&
Her
on B
ay
2.9)
C
anad
a E
.Ont
ario
/ S
hena
ngo
(Ont
ario
) W
.Quc
bcc
Fig
s.2.
2/9)
C
anad
a E
.Ont
ario
/ L
ackn
er L
ake
(Ont
ario
) W
.Que
bec
(Nem
egos
) F
igs.
2.2/
9)
/Por
tage
C
anad
a S
ame
age
as
Mal
pcqu
e B
ay
(Pri
nce
Nor
th S
ea
Edw
ard
Is.
Fi~s
.2.2
/9)
Can
ada
Mon
tere
gian
-M
onte
regi
an
(Que
bec)
W
hite
Mtn
s.
Hil
ls (
gene
ral)
Fi
~s.2
.2/9
)
Can
ada
Mon
tere
gian
-M
ontr
eal
(MIS
. (Q
uebe
c)
Whi
te M
tns.
R
oyal
, S
t.H
ilai
re
Fi~s
.2.2
/9)
& s
atel
lite
~)
Can
ada
Mon
tere
gian
-M
tMeg
anti
c (Q
uebe
c)
Whi
te M
tns.
I (F
i~s.
2.2/
9)
Chi
na
-X
ilon
g, Q
u
(Zhe
ijan
g (F
ig.2
.2)
I pro
vinc
e)
Cyp
rus
-P
enta
dakt
ylos
(F
ig.2
.1)
(Org
a-K
onna
kiti
) C
zech
os-
Rh
ine
Ces
ke S
tred
ehor
i lo
valc
ia
Gra
ben
(e.g
. R
ozto
ky
Fig
. 2.
12)
volc
anic
cen
tre)
E
ire
Nor
th S
ea
lnis
how
en,
(sou
ther
n (F
ig.2
.7)
Don
egal
Ir
elan
d)
Fin
land
N
orth
Sea
? H
elsi
nki
(Fig
.2.7
) (S
Mm
aine
n pr
ison
)
.I.U
IJ
JV
..
._..
._.,
..
._.V
III .. J
I.H
I'-
'U. '-''-''-'UI.I.VLIVV~ V
I
UU
,U
ilO
IV
u
.uu
J
V
II
IV
U
YY
IL
II
IIV
V
LIIV
I VlLUlVUV~
As
Ag
e,M
a
L F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
1
98
7;
•=re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
s ~1103
AL
Sm
all
dyke
s F
ew p
etro
grap
hica
l de
tail
s H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.l7
1,5
39
); T
uu1e
& G
itti
ns (
1966
0, p
.520
); C
urri
e (1
976,
p.9
2);
(K-A
r)
3-1
5 e
m
avai
labl
e S
age
(198
8c)
wid
e M
10
44±
6 or
A
C
Dyk
e-sw
arm
G
rada
tion
al f
rom
AC
lD
Wal
ker
& P
arso
ns (
1927
); C
urri
e (1
976,
p.1
59;
1980
); P
latt
& M
itch
ell
(198
2b)
1070
±15
cl
ose
by s
ye
"her
onit
e" (
AB
) di
ffer
enti
ates
I (v
ario
us)
I plu
ton
com
posi
te N
e-sy
e/la
mp
dyke
M
10
47±
15
AL
D
ykes
A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
Sag
e (1
987d
) (R
b-S
r)
syen
ite-
alka
line
dio
rite
co
mpl
ex
S7
1078
(K-A
r A
S
Rad
ial
dyke
s F
p "
clot
s" i
n gd
of
Cpx
, H
odde
r (1
961,
p.2
6);
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.3
93);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.88)
; S
age
(198
81)
1138
co
ne-s
heet
s A
kf,
Ab,
Bi,
Mt,
Cc,
Ct,
I (R
b-Sr
)_
Ze+
Kt;
mig
ht b
e U
D
R6 ~247
AM
Sin
gle
sill
Is
olat
ed a
lkal
ine
mag
mat
ism
G
reen
ough
eta
!. (
1988
) (K
-Ar)
M
110-
140
AC
In
tens
e E
: ov
ersa
t pl
uton
s+A
C;
How
ard
(192
2);
Poi
tevi
n &
Coo
ke (
1946
);
Fae
ssle
r (1
962)
; P
hilp
otts
(19
74);
Eby
(K
-Ar,
A
M c
entr
al
cent
re:
unde
rsat
+A
M;
W:
(198
0,19
83,1
985,
1987
); T
rzci
ensl
ci &
Mar
chil
don
(198
9)
Rb-
Sr)
dy
ke-s
wan
m
carb
onat
ite
com
plex
es+
UL
M
1
10
-12
0
AC
D
ykes
, si
lls,
S
te.D
orot
hee,
Ste
.Mon
ique
, S
chne
tzle
r &
Phi
lpot
ts (
1968
); W
ou
ssen
(19
70);
Phi
lpot
ts (
1972
,197
4,19
76);
Cur
ci<
(K-A
r)
AM
pip
es c
entr
ed B
ross
ard,
etc
; se
para
te U
ML
(1
976,
p.4
6);
Eb
y (
1980
) on
plu
ton
occu
r; "
kers
anti
te"
= A
C
M ~134
AC
In
tens
e G
abbn
x!io
rite
-gra
nit.
e-qu
artz
B
edar
d et
al.(
1987
,198
8);
Bed
ard
(198
8)
(Rb-
Sr)
A
M c
entr
al
syen
ite
com
plex
dy
ke-s
wan
m
R
AM
Dyk
es
Xen
olit
hic
Cao
& Z
hu
(19
87,
p.17
1)
M
Pal
aeoc
ene
AC
D
ykes
ass
oc.
"Lam
prop
hyre
s" 1
0% o
f B
aroz
(19
78)
wit
h ba
salt
, m
agm
atis
m;
Cre
tace
ous
trac
h la
vas
shos
honi
tes
in s
ame
area
M
t T
ertia
ry_
AC
~560 l
amp
Ass
oc.
tingu
aite
, bo
ston
ite,
Wim
men
auer
(19
74, p
.260
); U
lryc
h (1
983,
1986
); J
elin
ek e
t a1
.(19
89)
AM
dyk
es,m
ostl
} "g
aute
ite"
, bas
alt
dyke
s;
radi
al s
wan
m
mon
zodi
orit
e, e
ssex
ite
stoc
k.<
R6
Pen
na-
AC
D
ykes
O
utly
ing
man
ifes
tati
on o
f M
urth
y (1
948)
; *H
unte
r &
Upt
on (
1987
) C
arb
(by
anal
ogy)
in
tens
e S
cott
ish
dyke
-sw
arm
R
? A
M I
sola
ted
thin
E
skol
a (1
954)
dy
ke
------
t r-' >-- ~ 0 :E ;3 tTl "'
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
O
ccu
rren
ce
Fra
nce
Iber
ian
Cor
bier
es/
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Pyr
enee
s
Gre
enla
nd
Nor
th S
ea?
Sco
resb
y L
and
(E)
Gre
enla
nd
1lw
lean
K
ange
rdlu
gssu
aq
(E)
(Fig
.2.I
l)
Gre
enla
nd
Thu
lean
C
oast
-par
alle
l (E
) (F
ig.2
.!1
) dy
ke-s
war
m
Gre
enla
nd
Thu
lean
H
old
wit
h H
ope
(E)
(Fig
.2.!
1)
Gre
erda
nd
Thu
lean
T
here
sabj
erg
(E)
(Fig
.2.!
1)
Gre
erda
nd
Thu
lean
W
erne
r Bje
rge
(E)
(Fig
.2.I
l)
Gre
erda
nd
Thu
lean
B
ordt
inde
me/
(E
) (F
ig.2
.11)
W
iede
man
ns
Fo
rd
Gre
erda
nd
Gar
dar
Gen
eral
(S
) (F
ig.2
.!1
)
Gre
enla
nd
Gar
dar
Illi
mau
ssaq
(S
) (F
ig.2
.!1
)
Gre
erda
nd
Gar
dar
lvig
tut/
(S
) (F
ig.2
.11)
Q
aqss
iars
sut
Gre
erda
nd
Thu
lean
U
beke
ndt E
jlan
d (W
) (s
ensu
Jat
o)
I (F
ig.2
.11)
G
uine
a -
Los
Is.
(F
ig.2
.2)
.LI.
lUlc
;. ~L.,
\...
..V
IIlU
UI\.
,U V
lv\.
,Uil
\.:-
lllv
c;.
) V
l (]
.Jr\
.ClU
IJc;
!C
lUJ
J
U
IIY
l\.,
.:l
YV
lLII
IJ
V
Vli
J\.
:-1
U
!Cll
llv
ll\.
,.;t
As
Ag
e,M
a
L F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
1
98
7;
•-re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
M
=82
A
M =
20
dyk
es
J:\.s
soci
ated
with
sm
all
Bar
rab6
(19
52),
Aza
mbr
e (1
970)
; W
imm
enau
er (
1974
, p.2
41);
Pey
ronn
et (
1984
a)
(Ar-
Ar,
A
S
neph
elin
e·sy
enit
e bo
dy a
t R
b-S
r)
Fit
ou
R
Lat
e A
L
Dyk
es
Cut
Per
mia
n se
dim
ents
but
S
tem
mer
ik &
S¢r
ense
n (1
980)
P
erm
ian
expo
sed
to e
rosi
on b
y L
ate
Per
mia
n M
2
8-5
5
AC
F
jord
-pam
lle
Dis
tinc
t fr
om c
oast
-par
alle
l B
rook
s &
Pla
tt (
1975
); B
rook
s &
Pri
ntzl
au (
1978
); N
iels
en (
1987
a,b)
!
(K-A
r)
dyke
-sw
arm
dy
ke-s
war
m (
next
ent
ry)
R6
3(}-
53
AC
R
egio
nal
Dis
tinc
t fr
om f
jord
-par
alle
l V
ince
nt (
1953
); N
iels
en (
!987
a,b)
; R
uckl
idge
et
ai.(
I980
); *
Nix
on (
1987
, p
.I4
) (F
issi
on
AD
dy
ke-s
war
m
swar
m;
asso
ciat
ed w
ith
Lrac
k)
thol
eiit
ic d
oler
ite
dyke
s R
6 T
erti
ary
AM
"P
roba
bly
a T
erm
ed "
oliv
ine
augi
tite
" bu
U
pton
et
al.(
1984
) (=
50)
lava
" is
oce
llar
and
has
Am
, B
i so
de
fini
tely
a l
arno
nooh
vre
M
Ter
tiar
y A
C
Dyk
es,
sill
s "M
inet
te,
kers
anti
te,
augi
te
Kap
p (1
960,
p.l
60
ff)
?AS
/h
ombl
ende
-spe
ssar
tite
" ar
e ra
ther
bas
ic a
nd m
ay b
e A
L
M
=3
0
AC
D
ykes
S
om
e fo
rmer
ly c
alle
d B
eart
h (1
959)
(v
ario
us)
"ker
sant
ite"
or "
spes
sart
ite"
but
are
too
basi
c M
47
(F
issi
o A
C
Doz
ens
of
App
ear
to b
e ce
ntra
l dy
kes
Bro
oks
& R
uckl
idge
(19
73);
Bro
oks
& P
rint
zlau
(19
78);
Bro
wn
et
al.(
l97
8);
Nie
lser
tr
ack)
, 5
2
dyke
s, o
ne
rela
ted
to s
yeni
tic
plut
ons
(!9
87
a,b
); •
sco
tt S
mit
h (
1987
) I <
K-A
rl xe
nolit
hic
rath
er t
han
coas
tal
swar
m
M(
=12
00
AC
D
ykes
, si
lls
Lam
ps f
orm
com
pone
nt o
f U
pton
(19
65,1
974)
; W
att
(196
6);
Mit
chel
l (1
971)
; N
iels
en (
1987
b);
Up
ton
&
(Rb-
Sr)
do
min
antl
y ba
salt
ic s
war
ms
Em
eleu
s (1
987)
M
I 168
±21
A
S.
A f
ew t
hin
Pns
tdm
c hy
drot
herm
al v
eins
; S
¢ren
sen
et a
l.( 1
969)
(R
b-S
r)
AB
? dy
kc.s
rath
er f
elsi
c to
be
true
lam
ps
mor
e li
kely
dif
fere
ntia
tes
Mf
=12
00 (
by
AC
' . D
ykes
A
yrto
n (1
963)
; A
yrto
n &
Bur
ri (
1967
); U
pton
(19
74)
anal
ogy)
R6
=33
(K
-Ar)
AC
=
100
dyke
s "K
ersa
ntit
e" =
AC
; m
any
Cla
rke
& P
eder
sen
(197
6, p
.379
); L
arse
n (1
981,
1982
); C
lark
e et
al.
(l9
83
); *
Sco
tt
AM
dy
kes
xeno
lith
ic
Sm
ith
(198
7);
Nie
lsen
(19
87b)
M
I L
azar
enko
v (1
976)
----------------------
~ 6 Q
"' 'i
\.A
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Indi
a -
Kha
riar
, (O
riss
a)
Kal
ahan
di <
listri
c
Indi
a E
aste
rn G
hat
Elc
huru
, (A
ndhr
a (F
ig.2
.13)
P
raka
sam
dis
tric
t P
rade
sh)
Indi
a E
aste
rn G
hat
Pur
imet
la &
(A
ndhr
a (F
ig.2
.13)
S
ettu
pall
e,
Prnd
csh)
P
mka
srun
dis
tric
t In
dia
Dec
can
Am
ba
Don
gar
(Guj
arat
) (F
ig.2
.13)
/P
hena
i M
ata,
P
anw
ad K
awan
t In
dia
Dec
can
ML
Gim
ar
(Guj
arat
) (F
ig.2
.13)
Indi
a -
E.G
aro/
(M
egha
(F
ig.2
.13)
W
.Kha
si H
ills
-l
aval
In
dia
-K
isha
ngar
h (R
ajas
than
(F
ig.2
.13)
Ital
y V
enet
ian
Cor
vara
in B
adia
(F
ig.2
.12)
Ital
y -
Pie
tre
Ner
e,
(Fig
.2.2
) F
og
gia
Ital
y -
Pre
dazz
o-(F
ig.2
.12)
M
onzo
ni,
D
olom
ites
Ja
pan
Japa
nese
T
aneg
ashi
ma
Is.,
Ter
tiar
y K
agos
him
a, S
of
11Fi
g.2.
2)
Kyu
shu
Japa
n Ja
pane
se
Ura
kaw
a (H
okka
ido)
Ter
tiar
y I<
Fig
.2.2
) Ja
pan
Japa
nese
D
aido
-Jim
a,
(Hon
shu)
T
erti
ary
lrFi
~.2.
2l
Shi
zuok
a
~UUH,.,
"-'
-"•
'\._
..U
IU
llll
l.._
U
V\.
.-\,
..>
Ull
\,..
>ll
\,..
>\.
<,:
) V
l U
l.l\
.UJ
III\
.< l£Uli~IV
IIY
II..
.-,:
) V
YIL
II
IIV
V
UII..
-l
UIU
IJ\,
..>
11
1,.
.-;)
As
Ag
e,M
a
L F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
1
98
7;
•-re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
M
Pre
-AG
Bod
y in
lar
g 31
% P
I, 2
5 C
px,
26 A
m,
10 M
adha
van
& K
hurr
am (
1989
) ca
mbr
ian
alka
line
N
e; c
hem
istr
y O
K f
or A
L;
I ~ne
iss
belt
as
soc.
Mal
i~.
Ne-
sve
Ess
ex
s 12
42±
33
AM
>10
0 la
mps
F
orm
erly
ter
med
"m
inet
te",
B
ose
& N
ag (
1980
); N
ag (
1983
); N
ag e
t ai.
(J98
3);
Pau
l &
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Mad
hava
n (R
b-S
r)
AS
in d
yke-
"bio
tite
-lam
prop
hyre
"; l
ates
t &
Lee
lana
ndam
(19
88);
Mad
hava
n et
ai.
(J98
9);
Rao
et a
l.(l
989)
; R
atna
kar
&
swar
m
phas
e o
f cb
t-i'o
lite
com
plex
L
eela
nand
am (
1989
) M
P
re-
AC
O
cell
ar d
ykes
Gab
bro-
Sye
nite
-Nep
heli
ne
Lee
lana
ndam
& R
atna
kar
( 198
0);
Lee
lana
ndam
& S
rini
vasa
n (I
986
); R
atna
kar
&
cam
bria
n A
S sy
enit
e-Q
uart
z S
yeni
te
Lee
lana
ndam
(19
89)
I !7~ 12
Wl
Mali~nitc p
luto
ns
S7
37.5
±2.
5 A
C
Abu
ndan
t A
C o
ccur
~30 k
m N
W o
f cb
H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.S53
); S
ukhe
swel
a &
Aav
asia
(19
72);
Sad
ashi
vaia
h &
Dur
gadm
ath
(K-A
r)
dyke
s co
mpl
ex,
may
not
be
dire
ct!
(197
6);
Dur
gadm
ath
(198
1);
Pau
l &
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Roc
k &
Pau
l (1
989)
re
late
d; "
kcrs
anti
te"
= A
C
M(
%57
A
C
Cen
tral
dyk
e N
e-sy
e/la
mp
com
posi
tes;
E
vans
(19
01);
Kri
shna
n (1
925)
; M
athu
r et
ai.
(I92
6);
Des
ai (
I96
4);
Rao
(19
64,1
968)
(R
b-S
r)
-lam
ps
also
"vo
gesi
te,
augi
te-
kers
anti
te"
Wak
halo
o (1
967)
; S
athe
& D
esai
(19
68);
Cha
tter
jee
(197
0,I9
74);
Bo
se(l
97
3);
Sat
he
as x
en i
n sv
e "s
oess
arti
te"=
AL
too
bas
ic
& O
ka
(197
5);
Pau
l et
al.
(l97
7);
Pau
l &
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Roc
k &
Pau
l (1
989)
s
Pha
nero
-A
C
"Pro
fuse
" S
ome
"alk
ali
lam
prop
hyre
s"
Rao
(19
73);
Pau
l &
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Nar
nbia
r (1
987,
1988
,198
9)
zoic
A
M d
ykes
, ve
ins
are
apoc
hryp
hal
(Tab
le C
8);
asso
c. c
arbo
nati
te,
iiol
ite
M
Pre
-A
C
Dyk
es
Cha
uelj
ee (
1974
) C
ambr
ian
RJ
70±
3 A
M 3
sil
ls
For
mer
ly c
onsi
dere
d to
be
Luc
chin
i et
al.
(l9
83
) (R
b-S
r)
part
of
Pre
dazz
o-M
onzo
ni
I IT
rias
sic)
mam
atis
m
? P
ost-
AC
S
ingl
e dy
ke
Ter
med
"ke
rsan
tite
" b
ut
too
Res
tain
o (1
934)
T
rias
sic
reco
nled
ba
sic;
Or+
PI+
Cpx
+A
m+
Bi;
tr
ansi
tion
al t
o U
ML
M
~230
AC
N
um
erou
s T
rias
sic
& C
enoz
oic
rock
s V
arda
bass
o (1
928)
; A
liet
ti (
1955
); L
eona
rdi
(196
7, p
.601
,611
,617
, etc
.);
Bon
di e
t al
(K
-Ar,
dy
kes
occu
r; l
amps
may
bel
ong
to
(196
8);
Luc
chin
i et
al.(
l969
); L
ucch
ini
& M
ezze
ui (
1969
) R
b-S
rl
both
; al
so a
plit
e R
3 ~16(K-Ar) A
B
Sin
gle
shee
t O
ne
of
larg
est
sing
le
Yag
i et
al.
(l9
75
) !O
m t
hick
, la
mpr
ophy
re b
odie
s kn
own
20 k
m l
ong
R3
=17
.7
AS
Num
erou
s K
ubo
& S
atoh
(19
84)
(K-A
r)
dyke
s
R3
Ter
tiar
y A
C
Vei
n in
29
% P
I, 1
7%C
px,
4%
Am
, O
hash
i (1
980)
ba
salt
lav
a 2%
Bi
~
0'- r-' > ~ 0 :g ~ tn ""
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Japa
n Ja
pane
se
Shi
ngu,
Ehi
me
(Shi
koku
) T
erti
ary
Fig
.2.2
) K
enya
E
.AJr
ican
Jo
mbo
(Mri
ma
Rif
t H
ills
, S.
of
Fig
.2.2
) M
omba
sa
Mad
agas
cru
-A
nkar
amy,
(F
ig.2
.2)
Ant
soha
nina
, B
cron
d.ra
, etc
. M
alaw
i C
hilw
a K
irk
Ran
ge/
(Fig
.2.2
) L
isun
gwe,
IPan
daJ
Scn~eri!Zomba
Mor
occo
Ib
eria
n T
aour
irt
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Mor
occo
Ib
eria
n?
Tam
azer
t (F
ig.2
.12)
(B
ou A
grao
)
Nam
ibia
?
A.ia
is, W
arm
bad
(Fig
.2.2
) di
stri
ct
Nam
ibia
D
amar
alan
d M
essu
m
(Fig
.2.2
)
Nam
ibia
D
amar
alan
d O
konj
eje
(Fig
.2.2
)
Nam
ibia
L
Ode
ritz
Pom
ona
(Fig
.2.2
)
New
-
Kai
kour
a M
tns.
Z
eala
nd
(Fig
s.2.
2 &
/C
ape
Pal
lise
r 2.
8)
Nor
way
(S
Nor
th S
ea
Hel
lesu
nd,
(Fig
.2.7
) K
rist
ians
and
Nor
way
(S
Nor
th S
ea
Osl
o P
rovi
nce
(Fig
.2.7
) (G
ran,
Sta
nge,
Y
estb
v. e
tc.)
J..
UlJ
l ...
.. ..
..._
.._
, "
-'V
11
1H
lli"
-U
V
V ...
.. U
ll"
-1
1 ..
......
.. ~ V~
U.U
\.U
11
11
"-
1U
11
1
lV
llfl""~
rt'J
lll
IIV
V
lll ..
... l
lJJ
UII
"-1
1,_
.,.-
,
As
Ag
e,M
a L
For
m
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
ooll
ey
1987
; •=
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
R3
=19
(K-A
r) A
C
Tw
o dy
kes
Alk
alin
e ro
cks
occu
rrin
g on
G
oto
& A
rai
(198
7):
Uto
et
al.(
l987
) T
RE
NC
H s
ide
of Ja
pane
se
an:
S6
=70
(K-A
r) A
C
A f
ew d
ykes
"Y
oges
ites
" ar
e A
S; l
amps
G
rego
ry (
1900
): T
yrre
ll &
Nei
lson
(19
38):
Bak
er (
1953
): H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.58
&
AM
br
acke
t car
bona
tile
in t
ime
479)
; T
uttl
e &
Git
tins
(19
66, p
.421
); R
ock
(197
6a);
A.K
aka
(per
s.co
mm
.of
new
A
S an
alyt
ical
dat
a, 1
989)
M
A
M A
bund
ant
Lac
roix
(19
22,
p.63
7,65
3)
AC
dy
kes,
vei
ns
MC
Jura
ssic
A
C
Dyk
es
"\'o
gcsi
u:s"
are
mos
tly
AC
B
loom
fiel
d (1
965)
; B
loom
fiel
d &
Gar
son
(196
5);
Gar
son
(l%
5a)
(=
130
) A
M
and
AS
AS
R6
=57
(K-A
r) A
C
Num
erou
s X
enoc
ryst
ic
Mok
htar
i et a
l.(1
985)
; M
okht
ari
& V
elde
(19
87,1
988)
dy
kes,
sil
ls,
vent
s S6
=
42(K
-Ar)
AC
C
entr
al
"Ain
Oile
" re
port
ed b
y ea
rlie
r Je
rem
ine(
l954
): H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.551
); T
uttl
e &
Git
tins
(19
66,
p.43
5):
Bou
abdl
i el
?
dyke
-sw
arm
au
thor
s no
t m
entio
ned
in
a1.(1
988)
re
cent
acc
ount
s M
P
re-
AC
D
ykes
, pl
ugs
Ass
oc.
"bos
toni
tes,
dia
base
s, H
augh
ton
& F
rom
mur
ze (
1930
) D
wyk
a A
M
porp
hyri
es"
and
Pb-
Ag
Ser
ies
min
eral
izat
ion
M
=12
3 A
C
Num
erou
s "N
ephe
lini
u:s"
hav
e 12
-13%
Kai
ser
(192
3);
Ko
m &
Mar
tin
(195
4);
Mat
hias
(19
56)
(K-A
r)
AM
!al
e dy
kes
Bi,
"01-
teph
rite
s" h
ave
>20'
1.
Bi+
Am
; b
oth
= A
L
M
=16
4 A
C
Dyk
es
Age
is
aber
rant
ly h
igh
Sim
pson
(19
54)
(Rb-
Sr)
co
mpa
red
to o
ther
D
amar
alan
d in
trus
ives
M
C =
130
AM
F
ew d
etai
ls a
vail
able
H
all
(193
7)
(K-A
r)
M
U.J
uras
sic-
AC
S
tock
at
Blu
G
abbr
oic
rock
s ar
e pl
uton
ic/
Mas
on (
1958
); C
hall
is (
1960
,196
3):
Gra
pes
(197
5)
Low
er
Mtn
.; dy
kes,
cu
mul
ate
AL
equ
ival
ents
; C
reta
ceou
s si
lls
asso
c. N
e-sy
e, a
plit
e R
6 P
erm
ian
AC
D
ykes
, "V
oges
ites
" =
AS
; ol
der
Bar
th (
1944
): C
arst
ens
(195
8,19
59,1
982)
(b
y A
S
shee
ts
(?P
re-
Cam
bria
n) l
amps
als
o an
alog
y)
pres
ent
M
=28
0 A
C
Inte
nse
Incl
udes
san
nait
e ty
pe
Br~gger (
1894
,193
1,19
33,1
934)
; D
ons
(195
2);
Hje
lle
(196
2);
Has
an (
1971
); B
rynh
i (R
b-S
r)
AB
re
gion
al
loca
lity
; so
me
chem
ical
ly
& D
ons
(197
5);
Nys
tuen
(19
75);
R
usse
ll &
Sm
ythe
(19
78);
S
cott
(19
80);
Sco
tt &
dy
ke-s
war
m
tran
siti
onal
to
UM
L
Mid
dlet
on (
1983
)
?; ~ z 0 n tn "' ~
-.J
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Nor
way
N
orth
Sea
S
unnh
ordl
and/
(S
W)
(Fig
.2.7
) H
usta
dvik
a
Om
an
-H
aybi
con
idor
Pac
ific
O
cean
ic
Tah
iti
Oce
an
Isla
nds
Frn
ncc)
i1
Fig
.2.2
) P
akis
tan
-K
oga,
Cha
mla
, (F
ig.2
.13)
S
wat
Pap
ua N
ev. -
Fu
, P
apua
n G
uine
a (F
ig.2
.2)
Hig
hlan
ds
Par
agua
y B
razi
lian
S
apuk
ai (
and
(Fig
.2.2
) po
ssib
ly o
ther
al
kali
ne i
ntr.
) P
ortu
gal
Iber
ian
Mon
chiq
ue/
(Alg
arve
) (F
ig.2
.12)
A
lgar
ve c
oast
Po
nu
gal
Ib
eria
n T
rias
B
eira
Alt
a (B
eira
Alt
a (F
ig.2
.12
) (G
uard
a ar
ea)
Po
nu
gal
Ib
eria
n S
intr
a (E
stre
ma-
(Fig
.2.1
2)
dura
) P
ortu
gal
Iber
ian
Lis
bon
area
(E
stre
ma-
(Fig
.2.1
2)
(Cab
o E
spic
hel
dura
) et
c.)
Ro
um
ania
-
Dit
ro a
nd
(Fig
.2.1
2)
adja
cent
are
as
Ro
um
ania
-
Pai
ona-
Rus
ca
(Fig
.2.1
2)
(Ogr
adin
a, e
tc.)
S.A
fric
a "P
ilan
esbe
rg '
Lee
uwfo
ntei
n (F
ran
spo
on
L
ine,
Fig
.2.2
.LU
UI\
..-
'--L
.•
'--V
lllU
III\.
.-U
. V\..-\..-Ull."-'ll"-'"-'~ V
I
Ul.
l\.U
UII
"-'
I.U
UJ
lV
11Yl"-'~
VV
llll
ll
V V
UIC
I
UIU
III,
.,Il
C-'
t
As
Ag
e,M
a
L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
1
98
7;
•=re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
R
6 1
60
.22
0.
AC
>
60
dyk
es
Pro
babl
y 3
epis
odes
of
dy
ke
Fae
rset
h et
a1.
(197
6);
Fae
rset
h (1
978)
27
5 (K
-Ar)
sw
arm
ove
r em
plac
emen
t 10
00 s
q.km
M
Ju
rass
ic-
AC
D
ykes
plu
s In
trud
e th
olei
itic
pil
low
lav
ru S
earl
e (1
984)
C
reta
ceou
s re
late
d in
oph
iolit
e zo
ne
gabb
ros
M
Ter
tiar
y A
C
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
Was
hing
ton
(191
7);
Lac
roix
(19
28)
s -3
00
D
ykes
S
iddi
qui
et a
l.(l
96
9);
Le
Bas
et a
1.(1
987)
(R
b-S
r)
R3
-75
(K
-Ar)
AC
N
umer
ous
Inte
nse
carb
onat
e al
tera
tion
; F
inla
yson
et
al.(
l98
8)
dyke
s, r
are
incl
udes
rar
e st
ocks
st
ocks
M
9
8-1
78
A
C
Dyk
e-T
erm
ed "
min
ette
S"
and
Pal
mie
ri &
Arr
ibas
(19
75);
Dru
ecke
r (1
985)
; W
ooll
ey (
1987
, p.
208)
(K
-Ar)
sw
arm
s "k
ersa
ntit
es"
but
too
basi
c an
d_ca
rry
foid
s M
t ~n
AC
C
entr
al
Mon
chiq
uite
typ
e lo
cali
ty;
De
So
usa
(19
26);
Ass
unca
o (1
940)
; R
ock
(1
97
6a,
l97
8,1
97
9,1
98
2b
,c;l
98
3a)
(R
b-S
r,
AM
dyk
e-sw
arm
m
any
"bas
anite
s,lim
burg
i,es'
K
·Ar2
_ A
S [
(>10
0 dy
kes
etc.
of
coas
t are
AL
R
2
05
-23
5
AC
D
ykes
, A
ssoc
iate
d "t
hera
lite
s,
Tei
xeir
a &
Ass
unca
o (1
958)
; F
erre
ira
& M
aced
o (1
979)
(K
-Ar)
br
ecci
as,
(alk
ali)
dol
erit
es, g
abbr
os"
IPi!'
<'S
M ~82 (
K·A
r, A
C
A f
ew c
entr
a T
i-au
g+
Kt
phen
in
gd
ms
of
Mat
os A
lves
(19
64);
Spa
rks
& W
adg
e (1
975)
; R
ock
(198
2c)
Rb-
Sr)
dy
kes
arou
nd C
px+
Pl+
opaq
ues
sye
com
plex
M
E
nd-
AC
A
few
dyk
es
Jere
min
e &
San
drt
a (1
955)
C
reta
ceou
s I a
ssum
ed)
M ~160
AC
C
entr
al d
yke
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h D
itro
Ne-
sye
Ven
di (
1926
); A
tana
siu
(192
8);
Str
ecke
isen
(19
54);
Str
ecke
isen
& H
unzi
ker
(197
4)
(K-A
r)
-sw
arm
co
mpl
ex;
"spe
ssar
tite
s" =
AC
M!
Few
det
ails
ava
ilab
le
Cod
arce
a (1
936)
, Cod
arce
a et
al.
(i96
5,19
67)
M
1420
±70
A
C
Dyk
es
Pan
of
syen
itic
com
plex
; S
hand
(19
23);
Hal
l (19
37);
Fer
guso
n (1
973)
(R
b-S
r)
AM
so
me
AM
che
mic
ally
tr
ansi
tion
al t
o U
ML
~
00
r-' :> ~ 0 :g -< ;o
rn "'
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
Spa
in
Iber
ian?
(B
alea
ric
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Isle
s)
Spa
in
lbcr
ian?
(G
eron
e)
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Spa
in
Iber
ian
Tri
as
(Mnd
rid
(Fig
.2.1
2)
area
)
Sw
eden
N
orth
Sea
(F
ig.2
.7)
Syr
ia
(Fig
.2.2
)
Tan
zani
a (F
ig.2
.2)
Tan
zani
a E
.Afr
ican
R
ift
I<Fi~.2.2)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotl
and)
(F
ig.2
.7)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotla
nd)
(Fig
.2.7
)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotl
and)
(F
ig.2
.7)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotl
and)
(F
ig.2
.7)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotl
and)
(F
ig.2
.7)
UK
N
orth
Sea
(S
cotl
and)
(F
ig.2
.7)
..l.
aU
H .. ,
\...
...k
.. \.
....
.UIH
Hll
J\.
.U
\..1
\..-
\..U
ll\.
.ll\
..1.
,;,;
) V
l Q
.ll\
.Cll
liiV
!C
llll
IV
II
YIV
...,
Y
Vll
ll
IIU
V
LII
Cl
UIC
lii\
...I
IC..
.,
Occ
urre
nce
As
Ag
e,M
a L
F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
19
87;
•-re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
lbiz
a (A
Utla
ya d
e R
P
ost-
AC
Is
olat
ed s
ill
Som
etim
es f
orm
erly
ter
med
B
eaus
eign
eur
& R
angh
card
(19
67)
San
Vic
ente
) Kimmer~
or la
va
"am
phib
olit
ic a
ndes
ite"
id
gian
C
osta
Bra
va
R
Pos
t-A
C
Dyk
es,
sill
s D
ated
by
anal
ogy
wit
h B
urri
& P
arga
-Pon
dal (
1935
); A
rrib
as (
1952
); V
elde
& T
ourn
on (
1970
)
(Aig
ua B
lava
, He
n:~y
nian
; Ib
eria
n pr
ovin
ce (
Cre
tace
ous)
San
Fel
iu,
etc)
?6
0-80
dy
kes
of P
yren
ees
Sis
tem
a C
entr
al
R
?Tri
assi
c;
AC
N
-S d
ykes
, R
ich
in o
cell
i; E
-W d
ykes
of
Nue
z et
al.
(l9
8l)
; V
illa
seca
et a
l.(l
983)
; V
illa
seca
& N
uez
(198
6);
Bea
& C
orre
tge
Esp
afto
l (A
vila
, pr
e-Ju
rass
i di
atre
me
Her
cyni
an C
AL
als
o oc
cur
(198
6);
Pas
cual
& B
ea (
1986
)
S.de
Gre
dos)
'p
ost-
Per
m
brec
cias
L
und
area
R6
~280
AC
A
few
dyk
es
Ass
ocia
ted
syen
ite
(sin
gle
Hje
lmqu
ist (
1930
,193
9);
Ano
n (1
988)
(K-A
r)
dyke
) an
d do
leri
te d
ykes
Tarn
irna
M
=12
2(K
-Ar
AM
c.l
O m
of
Str
atig
raph
ic f
orm
atio
n of
P
arro
t (19
74)
(Bal
lr-B
assi
t)
Jura
ssic
-A
C
pill
ow l
avas
la
mp,
bas
, ph
on,
lim
esto
ne,
Cre
tace
ous
AS
& b
recc
ias
cher
t (=
100m
); N
e-sv
e plu~s
I
Lem
agru
t M
T
erti
ary
Har
pum
(19
59)
Run
gwe
M
Qua
tern
ary
AC
M
inor
AC
in
mai
nly
basa
ltic
Har
kin
(196
0);
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.4
88)
volc
anic
s -R
ecen
t er
upti
ons
(las
t eru
ptio
ns in
18
00 A
D)
Ard
gour
/Lis
mor
e R
6 29
1±5
AC
H
undr
eds
of
Oce
lli a
nd t
rend
dis
ting
uish
K
ynas
ton
& H
ill (
1908
, p.
l24)
; M
cCal
lion
(19
27);
And
erso
n (l
937b
); B
aile
y (1
960,
/Gra
mpi
an &
?M
(K
-Ar)
A
M d
ykes
; 5
AL
fro
m c
oexi
stin
g T
erti
ary
p.22
6,26
1);
Gal
lagh
er (
1963
,196
4);
John
ston
e (1
989,
1990
); S
peig
ht &
Mit
chel
l
SW H
ighl
ands
I p
ipes
/ven
ts
basa
lts
and
Cal
edon
ian
CA
L
1979
); R
ock
(198
3b);
Mor
riso
n et
al.
(198
7)
Cai
thne
ss{
R6
249-
268
AC
A
few
doz
en
Cal
edon
ian
pala
eom
ag a
ges
Cra
mpt
on &
Car
ruth
ers
(191
4, p
.114
); R
ead
et a
l.(l
926,
p.l
97fl
); C
hapm
an
Sut
herl
and
(K-A
r)
AM
dyk
es;
two
(Sto
retv
edt e
t al.
1978
) ar
e (1
975a
,b);
Roc
k (1
983b
); B
axte
r &
Mit
chel
l (1
984)
; S
tore
tved
t et a
l.(1
978)
;
(Thu
rso
etc.
) ve
nLS
unte
nabl
e (R
ock
1988
b)
John
ston
e (1
989)
Inne
r H
ebri
des
R6
=27
5 A
C
A f
ew d
ozen
L
ocal
ly d
iffi
cult
to
Pea
ch e
t al.
(190
9,p.
90);
Cra
ig e
t al.
(l91
l,p.
90);
Jeh
u (1
922)
; B
aile
y et
al.
(l92
4,
(Mul
l,Tir
ee,
(K-A
r)
AM
dyk
es a
nd
dist
ingu
ish
from
Cal
edon
ian
p.37
7fl)
; B
aile
y &
And
erso
n (1
925,
p.82
); R
iche
y &
Tho
mas
(19
30,p
.359
); U
rry
&
Col
onsa
v ,lo
na)
shee
ts
CA
L
Hol
mes
(l94
1 );
Bec
kins
ale
& O
brad
ovic
h(l9
73);
Roc
k(l9
83b)
; R
ock
& H
unte
r(l9
87
Mon
ar/E
il-
R6
326±
8 A
C
Hun
dred
s o
f D
ense
dyk
e-sw
arm
s w
ith
Har
tley
& L
eeda
l (1
951)
; L
eeda
l (1
951)
; W
alke
r &
Ros
s (1
955)
; Jo
hnst
one
& W
righ
Ark
aig,
Loc
habe
r (K
-Ar)
A
M d
ykes
, cr
usta
l exL
.ensio
ns r
each
ing
(195
1);
•Pra
egel
(19
81);
Roc
k (1
983b
); •
Upt
on e
t al.
(l98
3);
Bax
ter
& M
itch
ell
NW
Hi~hlands
3 sm
all ven~
seve
ral p
er c
ent
1984
); •
Hun
ter
& U
pton
(19
87)
Mon
ar/K
illi
lan
R6
323±
9 A
C
Hun
dred
s of
O
verl
aps
with
Cal
edon
ian
Pea
ch e
t al.
(l91
0, p
.88;
191
3a, p
.78)
; R
amsa
y (1
955)
; M
orri
son
et a
l.(l
980)
; R
ock
For
est,
NW
(K
-Ar)
A
M d
ykes
; tw
o C
AL
, so
met
imes
int
rudi
ng
(198
2a)
1-lig
hlan
ds
vent
s th
e sa
me
frac
ture
s O
rkne
y Is
. R
6 25
2±10
; A
C
Reg
iona
l A
C a
nd A
M h
ave
dist
inct
F
lett
(19
00,1
935)
; B
row
n (1
975)
; M
ykur
a (1
976,
p.9
6fl)
; R
ock
(198
3b);
•U
pton
et
288
(K-A
r) A
M d
yke-
swar
m;
chem
istr
y an
d or
ient
atio
n;
al.(
l983
); •
Hun
ter
& U
pton
(19
87)
AB
=1
3 ve
nts
__ ~rjch ~s-
~nit
e at
Sw
ona
~ a n tT1 "' tv
""'"
'0
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
UK
N
orth
Sea
S
outh
ern
(Sco
tlan
d)
(Fig
.2.7
) U
plan
ds
(l.a
uder
dale
etc
. U
K
Nor
th S
ea?
Out
er H
ebri
des
(Sco
dand
) (F
ig.2
.7)
(mai
nly
on
Lew
is &
Bam
) U
K
Nor
th S
ea
Gre
at H
ouse
, (W
ales
) (F
ig.2
.7)
Usk
, G
wen
t
UK
/Eir
e N
orth
Sea
G
ener
al
(Fig
.2.7
)
US
A
Ala
skan
G
ener
al
(AL
)
US
A
Oua
chit
as
Mag
net
Cov
e/
(AR
) (F
ig.2
.10J
P
otas
h S
ulph
ur
Spr
/Fou
rche
Mtn
U
SA
-
Bou
lder
Dar
n/
(AZ
) (F
ig.2
.10)
H
oove
r D
am
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
S
outh
Par
k (C
O)
Cor
dill
era
I (Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
Wet
Mtn
s.
McC
lure
Mtn
. (C
O)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
/Iro
n M
tn.
US
A
Mon
tere
gian
-W
hite
Mtn
s.
(MA
,ME
, W
hite
Mtn
s.
(gen
eral
) N
Y,V
1}
Fig
,2.2
/9J
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
S
andi
a M
tns.
(N
M)
Cor
dill
era
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
Tra
ns-P
ecos
N
.Del
awar
Bas
in
(NM
) (Y
eso
Hil
ls,
Ker
r-M
cGee
, etc
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
Coa
st R
ange
(O
R)
Cor
dill
era
(Cou
gar
Mtn
., (F
ig.2
.10)
S
ilet
z R
., et
c.)
....
... V
.I.V
..
.._
....
,,
'-'V
'H.I
..I..
I.&
UV
U.
VV
V ...
.I.&'-'IJ'-''-'~
V':
&.
... ..
_.,
._U
lUI'-
' H
-U
H
.LV
' H
..
.._
...,
Y
Y&
UI
UV
' V
'LII'-
'l
VIU
I"
'"
'"
'-'"
As
Ag
e,M
a L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(plu
s W
oo
lley
1
98
7;
*=
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
R6
Per
mo-
AM
Iso
late
<l
Lau
derd
ale
dyke
err
oneo
usly
W
alke
r (1
921)
; G
ardi
ner
& R
eyno
lds
(193
7);
Roc
k &
Run
dle
(198
6)
Car
b (b
y dy
kes;
a f
ew
show
n on
BG
S 1
:50,
000
anal
ogy)
ve
nts
map
as "
fels
ite"
R
6 ?P
erm
ian
AC
A
few
doz
en
K-A
r/ge
ol.
data
for
L.R
oag
Jehu
& C
raig
(19
23-7
); R
ock
(198
3b);
Jac
kson
(19
84);
*H
unte
r &
Upt
on (
1987
);
or
Ter
tiar
y A
M i
sola
ted
dyke
con
flic
t; o
ther
K-A
r M
enzi
es e
t al
.(*l
987b
, 19
89);
Fet
tes
et a
l.(l
989)
47
: K
-Ar)
dy
kes
dyke
age
s pr
ove
erro
neou
s R
6 P
erm
o-A
M T
wo
isol
ated
No
othe
r P
erm
o-C
arb
Bou
lton
(19
11);
Eyl
es &
Blu
ndel
l (1
957)
; *U
pton
et
al.(
l983
); *
Hun
ter
& U
pton
C
arb
(by
pipe
s m
agm
atis
m k
now
n in
(1
987)
an
alog
y)
Eng
land
or
Wal
es
R6
=23
5-34
0 A
C,
9 sw
arm
s,
See
Fig
.2.7
; ra
nge
from
*E
yles
(19
24);
*M
acG
rego
r (1
939,
1955
); R
iche
y (1
939)
; M
cint
yre
(195
4);
Upt
on
in s
ever
al
AM
>30
00 d
ykes
Ork
ney
inN
to
Usk
in
S;
(198
2);
Roc
k (1
983b
); *
Upt
on e
t al
. (1
983)
; B
axte
r &
Mit
chel
l (1
984)
; B
axte
r ep
isod
es
=50
pip
es
crus
tal e
xten
sion
s se
vera
l %
! (
1987
); *
Hun
ter
& U
pton
(19
87);
Sto
retv
edt (
1987
); R
ock
(198
8b)
A?
97
-10
8
AC
D
ykes
L
amps
may
rel
ate
to h
igh-
K
Mil
ler
(197
2)
B?
(K-A
r)
alka
line
roc
ks o
r to
coe
val
gran
itoi
d pl
uton
s S
6 -9
7 (
K-A
r, ?
AC
20
dyke
s "S
yeni
te l
amp,
Ne-
sye
lam
p, T
olm
an &
Lan
des
(193
9);
Eri
ckso
n &
Bla
de (
1963
); H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.334
,337
);
Rb-
Sr)
A
M
dio
lam
p, g
br l
amp,
P
owel
l et
al.
(196
6);
Zar
tman
et
al.(
1967
) A
S fo
urch
ite"
etc
.; al
l= A
L
R
Lat
e A
C
Dyk
es,
tuff
s, D
ykes
cut
lar
gely
C
ampb
ell
& S
chen
k (1
950)
; F
olan
d et
al.
(l98
0)
Ple
isto
cene
la
va f
low
s un
cons
olid
ate<
l se
dim
ents
; -R
ecen
t dy
kes
rich
in A
m m
egac
ryst
s R
T
erti
ary
AC
D
ykes
and
T
erm
ed "
anal
cite
dia
base
" in
Ja
hns
(193
8);
Star
lc: e
t al
. (1
949)
si
ll-l
ike
som
e pa
pers
, "l
arnp
roph
yre'
bo
dies
in
oth
ers
s =
520
AC
D
ykes
P
revi
ous
term
inol
ogy
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.3
39);
Hei
nric
h &
Dah
lem
(19
67,1
969)
; P
arke
r &
Sha
rp (
1970
) (K
-Ar,
co
nfus
ed;
som
e ex
ampl
es a
re
Rb-
Sr)
notlamprophyr~s
M
100-
200
AC
>
1000
dyk
es I
nclu
des
cam
pton
ite
type
-B
illi
ngs
& F
owle
r-B
illi
ngs
(197
5);
McH
one
(197
8,19
84);
*L
eavy
& H
erm
es (
1979
) R
6 (K
-Ar,
A
M o
ver
75,0
00
loca
lity
at
Cam
pton
Fal
ls;
McH
one
& C
omei
lle
(198
0);
McH
one
& B
utle
r (1
984)
; E
by (
1985
); *
Nix
on (
1987
, R
b-Sr
}_
sa.k
m
seve
ral e
mpl
acem
ent e
piso
de
p.16
,45)
; M
cHon
e et
al.
(l98
7);
*Egg
ler
et a
l.(l
987)
; al
so v
ario
us a
bstr
acts
R
l P
ost-
AC
20
dyk
es;
Leu
cocr
atic
(H
b-sy
e) d
ykel
e\.\
Woo
dwar
d (1
970)
C
reta
ceou
s sh
ow d
iffe
rent
iati
on;
call
ed
"~_s
sani
te",
chem
ical
lv =
AL
M
33
(K
-Ar)
A
C
Dyk
e-sw
arm
"B
ioti
te b
asal
t" =
AC
; dy
kes
Cal
zia
& H
iss
(197
8);
Bro
okin
s (1
980)
m
ainl
y en
coun
tere
d in
pot
ash
min
es
M
Eoc
ene-
AC
O
ne s
tock
, A
ssoc
iate
d ga
bbro
ic s
ills
, S
nave
ley
& W
agne
r (1
961)
M
iddl
e nu
mer
ous
Ne-
sye
at B
lodg
ett P
eak,
O
ligo
cene
dy
kes,
sil
ls
Tab
le M
tn.,
etc
. -
-
tv
V\
0 !;: ~ 0 :g -< fii "'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
US
A
Mon
tere
gian
-M
t.M
onad
nock
(V
l)
Whi
te M
tns.
I (F
i~.2
.10)
U
SA
M
onte
regi
an-
Lak
e C
ham
plai
n (V
T/M
E)
Whi
te M
tns.
(i
nc.M
LJo
/Bur
ke
I (Fig
.2.1
0)
& a
d'ac
ent a
reas
U
SS
R
(Fig
.2.2
) D
zhun
gari
a (K
aral
al R
iver
)
USS
R
(Fig
.2.2
) V
ladi
vost
ok,
S.P
rim
orye
US
SR
N
.Tim
ans
(Cap
e (F
ig.2
.2)
Bol
'sho
y, e
tc.)
US
SR
K
ola
Lov
ozer
o (K
ola)
P
enin
sula
US
SR
K
ola
Khi
bina
/Kan
da
(Kol
a)
Pen
insu
la
11Fi~.2.2)
dyke
bel
t
US
SR
-
Buk
anta
n (U
zbek
h-(F
ig.2
.2)
is ta
n U
SS
R
Kut
ais/
(G
eorg
ia)
(Fig
.2.2
) T
kvib
uli/
Uru
eh
US
SR
-
Whi
te S
ea c
oast
(K
arel
ia)
(Fig
.2.2
) (O
nega
, G
ulf
of
Kan
dala
ksh)
U
SS
R
-A
gard
ag,
(Mon
gul-
(Fig
.2.2
) S
angi
len
Tuv
a)_
Hig
hlan
ds
US
SR
-
Pam
irs/
S.T
ien
(Tad
zikh
(F
ig.2
.2)
Sha
n/S
.Gis
sar/
-i
stan
) Z
crav
shan
etc
. U
SS
R
-A
zov/
DO
nel:z
/ (U
krai
ne)
(Fig
.2.2
) D
onba
s, B
lack
S
ea r
egio
n
.'-U
VH
,.,
.._
...,
.,.
'-V
UL
U.U
H,,
..U
V
""
""
''·'
-'·l
....
. II"
""
"J
V
!
Ull
'\.U
JJ
JI ..
... J
UJ
U
IV
J1
J
.....
<)
'Yl'
Hll
IIV
\.
JU
J ..
... l
VIU
II"
"Il"
"',
:)
As
Ag
e,M
a
L
For
m
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (p
lus
Wo
oll
ey
19
87
; •=
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
! M
( ~120(by
AC
A
few
dyk
es
Lat
est
mag
mat
ism
in
Wo
lii (
1929
) I
anal
ogy)
sy
cnit
c-es
sexi
le c
ompl
ex
M(
-13
6
AC
ln
lcns
e K
emp
& M
arst
ers
(189
3);
Jaff
e (1
952)
; W
oodl
and
(196
2);
Zar
tman
et
a1.(
1967
);
(K-A
r)
regi
onal
M
cHon
e &
Try
gsta
d (1
981)
; al
so v
ario
us G
eol.
Soc
.Am
. ab
stra
cts
dyke
-sw
arm
R
? ?
AC
M
ushk
in (
1966
); D
obre
tsov
et
a1.(
1969
); D
obre
tsov
& D
obre
tsov
a (1
969)
R?
? A
C
Dyk
es,
Kog
han
(197
6)
brec
cias
M
Cam
bria
n A
C
Dyk
e D
ykes
inc
lude
ess
exit
e-M
al'k
ov (
1967
); J
usko
va &
Mal
'kov
(19
69)
(500
-550
) A
M c
ompl
ex i
n po
rphy
ries
, alk
ali
gabb
roid
s,
Ne-
sye
body
I py
roxe
nite
s M
A
C
Dyk
es (
phas
e M
inor
Lin
guai
tcs,
Ne-
basa
lts;
G
eras
imov
ksy
et a
1.(1
968,
Vol
.ll,
p.1
71-4
); V
laso
v et
a1.
(196
6, p
.7,1
0);
AM
IV
of
syen
ite
AL
are
the
ON
LY
pri
mit
ive
com
plex
) ro
ck-t
ypes
in c
ompl
ex
Mt
=36
5 o
r A
M L
inea
r dy
ke
AM
als
o as
soci
ated
wit
h L
upan
ova
(193
4);
Ger
asim
ovsk
y et
a1.
(197
4, p
.214
); B
orod
in &
Pya
tcko
(19
78);
~300?
belt
25x
2 k
n c
arbo
nali
te o
nE
mar
gin
of
Gri
gor'
yeva
& S
avit
skiy
(19
79,1
980)
; K
ogar
ko (
1987
, p.5
35)
[(va
riou
s)_
Khi
bina
sye
nite
com
plex
R
? 25
5±5
AC
"C
lose
ly-
Xen
olit
hic;
dyk
es t
rnce
able
M
ushk
in &
Kot
unov
(19
76)
(K-A
rl
AM
spa
ced
dyke
s fo
r up
to
1 km
an
d sw
arm
s M
T
erti
ary
AC
"V
ein
rock
s"
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h te
sche
nite
s,
Bel
yanl
tin
etal
.(1
93
8);
Bel
yank
in &
Pet
rov
(194
0a,b
); S
khir
tlad
ze (
1942
) A
M
esse
xite
s. s
yeni
tes,
alk
ali
! gab
bros
, et
c.
R6
?P
re-
AM
20
pipe
s an
d M
ore
lam
ps o
n ex
tens
ion
of
Gon
'sha
kova
et a
l.(1
967,
p.6
4);
Kam
insk
y (1
976)
; M
ilas
hev
(198
8, p
.\4
2)
Cam
bria
n,
vent
s; m
any
grab
en i
nto
Kan
dala
ksh
Gul
f P
alae
ozoi
c dy
kes
"aln
<litc
s" u
ncon
firm
ed
R
Pos
t-A
ll
Dyk
es,
"Vog
esit
c.m
onch
iqui
te"=
AS
N
emts
ovic
h (1
976)
; K
epez
hins
kas
et a
l.(\
984)
M
iddl
e b
recc
ias+
A
D (
PI p
hen)
; "k
ersa
ntit
e" =
D
evon
ian
diff
eren
tiat
es
AC
;pos
sibl
y co
exis
ting
CA
l M
1
99
-21
5
AC
N
umer
ous
Sev
eral
epi
sode
s/gr
oups
; L
at
Che
tver
ikov
(19
43);
Gap
eeva
(19
49);
Bar
atov
et
al.(
l970
); M
ogar
ovsk
iy e
t al.
(K-A
r) +
A
M d
ykes,~ 3
0 C
arbo
nife
rous
CA
L a
ssoc
. (1
973)
; G
usev
& S
tebl
ova
(197
4);
Kli
mov
(19
86);
Mog
arov
skiy
(19
86);
Mil
ashe
v P
lioc
ene?
pi
JlCJ
wit
h _g
rani
toid
s in
sam
e ar
eas
(198
8, p.14~
R
=20
00 +
A
C
Reg
iona
l S
ever
al d
yke
phas
es
Yur
'yev
(I96
7a,b
); Y
erem
enko
(196
8);
Yer
emen
ko &
Shv
akov
a(19
69);
Bur
urli
nov
&
370
(K-A
r) A
M d
yke-
swar
ms
?dia
mon
d; B
ayra
kov
(196
4);
Lat
ysh(
l970
);E
goro
v &
Kan
nazi
n(l9
72);
Svi
rido
v &
Mak
haje
va(I
972)
;Val
ter
& Y
er
+T
rias
sic
, piQ
es,s
heet
s G
on's
hako
va e
t al.
(l96
7);
men
ko(1
973
1974
); K
1itc
henk
o &
Sup
rich
ov(l
974)
;Sha
talo
v(19
81);
Ber
kovs
ky(l
987]
~ z 0 n m "" N
v
. -
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
Ant
arct
ica
-
Ant
arct
ica
- (Fig
.2.3
)
Arg
enti
na
- (Fig
.2.3
)
Aus
tral
ia
Tas
man
Fol
d (N
SW
) B
elt
(Fig
s.
2.3
2.8)
A
ustr
alia
T
asm
an F
old
(NS
W)
Bel
t (F
igs.
2.
3, 2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
Whi
te C
liff
s (N
SW
) (F
ig.2
.8)
Aus
tral
ia
? (W
A)
(Fig
.2.8
)
Aus
tral
ia
W .A
ustr
alia
(W
A)
(Fig
s. 2
.3,
2.8)
A
ustr
alia
W
.Aus
lral
ia
(WA
) (F
igs.
2.3
, 2.
8)
Aus
tral
ia
-(W
A)
Aus
lral
ia
-(W
A)
(Fig
s. 2
.3,
2.8)
A
ustr
alia
-
(WA
) (F
igs.
2.3
, 2.
8)
Can
ada
N.A
mer
ican
(B
riti
sh
Cor
dill
era
Col
umbi
a) (
FiR
S.2.
3!9)
-~~·-
~·
..........
.... ~ ...
...... ~
.....
..........
..........
-.......
....,.. ~·~ .....
... ~··-
........
........
........
~· .~ ....
..... '-'
.........
..........
..........
........
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L F
orm
C
omm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (+
Ro
ck
1986
; •
-re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
B
unge
r H
ills
R
•l
14
0M
, U
Ml
Dyk
es
You
nger
ass
ocia
ted
AL
(T
able
C2)
S
hera
ton
et a
l.( 1
990)
Pat
uxen
t R
~230
UL
Dyk
es
Sch
mid
t & F
ord
(1%
9);
Boy
d (1
986)
R
ange
, (K
·Ar)
P
ensa
cola
Mtn
L
os A
liso
s R
~303
UL
Lon
g dy
ke
No
asso
ciat
ed i
gneo
us r
ocks
kno
wn,
but
M
ende
z &
Vil
lar
(197
7);
Vil
lar
et a
l.(19
81);
Mey
er &
Vil
lar
(198
4)
(K-A
r)
20
-80
m x
ti
ngua
ite
occu
rs 1
25 k
m t
o no
rth
IOkm
lon
g G
louc
este
r;
R
Pos
t·
UA
2
elon
gate
G
louc
este
r "s
uppo
sed
kim
berl
ite"
has
UM
L
Mac
Nev
in (
1977
, p.
99);
Fer
guso
n el
al.
(197
9);
Fer
guso
n &
She
rato
n al
so M
t.R
oss
Car
bon-
pipe
s ch
em (
Fig
.5.5
): M
t.R
oss
"lam
prop
hyri
c pi
pes'"
(19
79);
Str
acke
et a
l.{l
979)
, A
.J.A
Jan
se &
C.B
.Sm
ith
(per
s.co
mm
. ! (
lnve
rell
area
)?
ifero
us
rece
ntly
ann
ounc
ed a
s so
urce
of
NS
W d
iam
ond.
198
9);
Aus
tral
ian
Bus
ines
s (D
ec.1
989,
p.4
6)
Jugi
ong
R
< 1
7.2
UA
? 8
pipe
s 2
pipe
s cu
t17
.2 M
a ba
salt
lav
a; f
orm
erly
F
ergu
son
et a
l.(l
979)
; F
ergu
son
& S
hera
ton
(197
9);
Str
acke
et a
l. U
D?
call
ed "
kim
berl
itic
" bu
t car
ry g
roun
dmas
s (1
979)
, A
.J.A
.Jan
se &
C.B
.Sm
ith
(per
s.co
mm
.198
9)
aegi
rine
, ric
hter
ite,
ort
hocl
ase
etc.
W
hite
Cli
ffs
R ~260
UA
N
umer
ous
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
kim
berl
ites
" F
ergu
son
et a
l.{l
979)
; F
ergu
son
& S
hera
ton
{197
9);
Str
acke
el a
l. (K
ayru
nner
a)
pipe
s (1
979)
, A
.J.A
.Jan
se &
C.B
.Sm
ith
(per
s.co
mm
.,198
9)
Mau
de C
reek
, R
?
UA
7
or
mo
re
Cal
led
"mic
aceo
us p
erid
with
lam
p af
fmit
ies,
Ja
ques
et a
l.(19
86a)
D
uck
Cre
ek,
dyke
s ki
mbe
rlit
ic d
ykes
"; W
R c
hem
is!r
y =
UM
Lan
d
Dev
il's
Elb
ow
spin
els
"out
side
fie
ld f
or k
imbe
rlit
ic s
pine
ls"
Bow
Hil
l, 57
~815
UA
E
n ec
helo
n R
elat
ed t
o C
umm
ins
Ran
ge c
bt,
350
km t
o S
? A
tkin
son
et a
l.(1
984a
); J
aque
s et
a1.
(198
6);
Fie
ldin
g &
Jaq
ues
{198
9)
E.
Kim
berl
ey
R7
(K-A
r,
swar
m o
f as
soc.
fen
itiz
atio
n an
d U
ML
-typ
e m
iner
alog
y R
b»Sr
) ~20dykes
thou
Rh
WR
che
mis
!ry
is k
imbe
rlit
ic (
§5.1
.2)
Nor
sem
an a
rea
R7
849±
9 U
A
Ab
ou
t4
Dyk
es o
ccur
in g
old
min
es,
mos
tly
know
n R
obey
et
al.(
l989
); W
este
rn M
inin
g C
o. a
nd C
RA
Exp
lora
tion
Pty
.,
Yilg
arn
Blo
ck
(Rb»
Sr)
dyke
s ov
er f
rom
dri
llco
re;
no o
ther
con
tem
pora
neou
s un
publ
. da
ta
wid
e ar
ea
igne
ous
rock
s kn
own
in a
rea
Mel
rose
, R
?
UM
l D
yke-
Ham
ilto
n &
Roc
k (i
n pr
ep.)
Y
ilgar
n B
lock
sw
arm
Nab
beru
R
7 30
5±7
UA
~ 4
sil
ls,
No
othe
r co
ntem
pora
neou
s ig
neou
s ro
cks
Ham
ilto
n &
Roc
k (1
990)
; A
.J.A
.Jan
se (
pers
.com
m.,
1989
);
unpu
bl.
(Bul
ljah
Poo
l,
UD
pi
pe-l
ike
know
n in
are
a; r
are
diam
ond
in c
once
ntra
tes;
da
ta o
f va
riou
s m
inin
g co
mpa
nies
et
c.)
bodi
es
rich
in
man
tle i
nclu
sion
s S
haw
bat
holi
lt R
P
rote
m
UA
D
efor
med
A
mph
ibol
ite-
like
met
a-la
mpr
ophy
res,
som
e B
ette
nay
& R
ock
(in
prep
.)
area
, Pil
bara
-z
oic
dyke
s sc
hist
ose;
no
cont
empo
rane
ous
igne
ous
rock
s B
lock
kn
own
in a
rea
ML
Cop
elan
d s
~5
UA
D
ykes
in
"Nep
heli
niti
c la
mpr
ophy
res"
; 45
Ma
may
be
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.l7
5)
(K-A
r)
gnei
ss
age
of g
neis
s fo
rmat
ion
rath
er !
han
com
plex
em
plac
emen
t
,., "' ,., t""'
;J> ~ 0 :E ~ ""
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O.m
.'lda
N
.Am
cric
an
(Bri
tish
C
ordi
ller
a C
olum
bia
I (Fig
s.2.
3/9)
C
anad
a -
(Llb
r<ld
or)
Can
ada
?Hud
son
Bay
(O
ntar
io)
Low
land
s lf
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
E.O
ntar
io/
(Ont
ario
) W
.Que
bec
!lfi
2.2
.9)
Can.
.1da
E
.Ont
ario
/ (O
ntar
io)
W.Q
uebe
c lr
Fi•
.2.9
l C
anad
a K
apus
kasi
ng
(Ont
ario
) (F
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
Kap
uska
sing
(O
ntar
io)
?(F
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)-
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Kap
uska
sing
(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
Nip
issi
ng
(Ont
ario
) (F
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
Ott
awa-
(Ont
ario
) S
t.L
awre
nce
Fil
(.2.
9)
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
.l U
V.l
V ~_,, ~VJUUJ.I.IV\,.1 VVVUllVJl\.-\.-~ V
l U
lU £
U1
JC
U1
"-'
lU
ll I
J
lV
II
J
V..
J
VY
HII
IIV
V
lJIV
.l
UJ
UII
\.<
11
\..-
.;)
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,M
a
L
For
m
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(+R
ock
1
98
6;
• =
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
Scm
lin
R
Pos
t·
UL
S
ingl
e M
ay r
elat
e to
Mio
cene
alk
ali
basa
lts
in s
ame
Dry
sdal
e (1
914)
; C
urri
e (1
976,
p.1
17)
Tri
assi
c;
dyke
re
gion
?M
ioce
ne
Sag
lek
& B
ig
R
135-
180
UA
? D
yk
es+
5
""L
ampr
ophy
ric-
carb
onat
itic"
" dy
kele
ts c
ut
Kin
g &
McM
illa
n (1
975)
; B
rum
mer
(19
78);
K.C
olle
rson
(un
publ
.)
lsla
nd
ven
ts u
p l
O b
recc
ia
200m
dia
rn
Cor
al R
apid
s/
R
128±
18
UA
4
dyke
s.
For
mer
ly "
"lam
prop
hyre
"" o
r ""
kim
bcrli
tic""
but
B
enne
tt e
t al
.(19
67);
Bro
wn
et a
l.(1
967)
; S
andf
ord
& N
orri
s (1
975)
; S
exta
nt R
apid
s (K
-Ar)
on
e si
ll
"'cl
earl
y no
t ki
mbe
rlit
e'"
(Cur
rie
1976
); c
onta
in
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.ll7
); B
rum
mer
(19
78);
Mit
chel
l (1
979)
; B
utle
r &
m
elil
itc+
Ti-
Cpx
; no
w c
alle
d nln~ite, m
elil
itit
e E
dga'
r (1
988)
; B
utle
r et
al.
(198
8);
A.D
.Ed•
ar f
oers
.com
m.,
199
0)
Bor
den
s -1
00
0 (
b U
A
2 dy
kes
Com
plex
une
xpos
ed;
UM
L d
escr
ibed
as
Sag
e (1
987a
) an
alog
y)
"'py
roxe
ne-l
arnp
roph
yre,
oli
vine
-lar
npro
phyr
e'"
Fir
esan
d R
iver
S
~1048
UA
R
adia
l A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
carb
onat
ite
com
plex
; fo
rmer
ly
Gle
dhil
l (1
928)
; F
rohb
erg
(193
7);
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.3
97);
Cur
rie
(K-A
r)
seri
es o
f te
rmed
"'m
onch
iqui
tes"
but
car
ry ~25%
(197
6. p
.94)
; W
ooll
ey (
1987
, p.3
0);
Sag
e (1
988b
) dy
kes
mel
anit
e ga
rnet
15
% c
arbo
nate
M
cKel
lar
R ~1650
UA
N
umer
ous
May
be
rela
ted
1o W
awa/
Opa
parn
iska
dyk
es
Pla
tt &
Mit
chel
l (1
979,
198
2a);
Pia
U e
t al
.(l9
83);
•M
itch
ell
(198
7)
Har
bour
(K
-Ar)
dy
kes
I !Mar
atho
n\
Car
ibou
Lak
e S?
P
rote
ro-
UA
N
umer
ous
""U
ltram
afic
... b
ioti
te-o
livi
ne l
ampr
ophy
res
and
Sut
clif
fe (
1981
) zo
ic
dyke
s ca
rbon
ate-
rich
lam
prop
hyre
s"';
also
""a
lkal
ine
dyke
s'" (
?AL
) w
ith
Am
,Pl,
OI.
Ap
phen
H
ecla
-Kil
mer
s
?450
or
?UA
37
m s
ill
60%
Ph,
20
-30
% C
b, 1
0-1
5%
opa
ques
; cu
ts
Sag
e (1
988a
) M
eso
wic
en
coun
tere
ca
rbon
atit
e co
mpl
ex a
nd m
ay b
e co
gene
tic
or
in b
oreh
ol
subs
tant
iall
y youn~er (
?Mes
ozoi
c)
Opa
parn
iska
R
P
roba
bly
UA
D
ykes
in
Pos
sibl
y re
late
d to
Waw
a U
ML
dyk
es b
ut a
ge
Wym
an &
Ker
rich
(19
89a,
b)
(Van
Hom
e Pr
ot er
a-se
vera
l dr
il p
oorl
y co
nstr
n.in
ed;
not
over
prin
ted
by
P
rope
rty)
zo
ic
core
s A
rcha
ean
defo
rmat
ion
Waw
a R
7 P
rote
m
UA
L
ocal
dyk
e P
revi
ousl
y te
rmed
'"m
onch
iqui
tes·
· b
ut
too
Mit
chel
l &
Jan
se (
1982
); W
yman
& K
erri
ch (
1989
a,b)
~zoic
-sw
arm
ul
trnb
asic
; sp
atia
lly
asso
ciat
ed w
ith
Arc
haea
n I r~nool
CA
L o
f S
uper
ior
Pro
vinc
e gr
eens
tone
bel
ts
Bre
nt C
rate
r 5
6 ~576
UL
D
ykes
Im
pact
cra
ter;
""l
arnp
roph
yre
dyke
s"' (
also
C
urri
e &
Sha
fiqu
llah
(19
67);
Sha
fiqu
llah
et
al.(
1968
); C
urri
e (1
976,
p
(K-A
r)
cutt
ing
term
ed "
'bio
tite
alnl
lite
"')
have
phe
n o
f O
I,C
px,
84);
Woo
lley
(19
87,
p.38
) fe
nite
s P
h.C
t in
gdm
s o
f C
ox.B
i,A
e.C
c; g
rade
int
o cb
A
rvid
a S
6 ~564
UA
S
ever
al
Cal
led
'"ki
mbe
rliti
c"' b
ut c
onta
ins
carb
onat
itic
G
itti
ns e
t al
.(19
75);
Bru
mm
er (
1978
) (S
ague
nay
(K-A
r)
dy
kes
< I
di
ffer
enti
ate;
Sp
com
posi
tion
and
abu
ndan
ce o
f R
iver
Val
ley)
m
thi
ck
Px
and
Am
typ
ical
of
UM
L
Hud
son
Bay
s
~154-180
UL
A
t le
ast
4 45
int
rusi
ons
inte
rsec
ted
by d
rill
ing
bene
ath
Bru
mm
er (
1978
); J
anse
et a
l.(l
979)
L
owla
nds
(K-A
r,
plug
s gl
acia
l de
posi
ts:
34 ?
UM
L-r
elat
ed b
recc
ia v
ents
ll(
eolo
i!:V
\ an
d 7
carb
onat
ites
as
wel
l as
def
init
e U
ML
~ CJ
()
t!1
Cll
IV
VI "'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
-(O
ntar
io)
(Fig
.2.9
)
Can
ada
E.O
nta
rio
/ (Q
uebe
c)
W.Q
uebe
c I(
Fig
.2.9
) C
anad
a M
onte
regi
an
(Que
bec)
-W
hite
Mtn
s I(
Fig
.2.9
) C
anad
a M
onte
regi
an
(Que
bec)
-W
hit
e M
tns
i(F
ig.2
.9)
Can
ada
-(Q
uebe
c)
(Fig
s.2.
3 &
2.
9)
Ch
ina
-(P
RC
)
Cze
chos
-R
hin
e lo
vald
a (&
Gra
ben
GD
R
Fig
.2.1
2)
Fin
land
K
ola
(Fig
.2.3
)
Fin
land
- (F
ig.2
.3)
Fra
nce
Rh
ine
(Sa6
ne-e
t-G
rabe
n L
oire
) F
ig.2
.12)
G
reen
land
G
arda
r (S
) (F
igs.
2.3,
2.
1 J)
Gre
enla
nd
Ott
awa-
(SW
) S
tLaw
ren
ce
I (F
igs.
2.3/
11
... U.V~V
....
....
...
....
.. VIIL~L.~U .. ,
...
. V
¥V
\ .. U
L¥
U¥
'-"
'-' V~
....
~ ..
....
....
.. L.U.~~¥
..IL
UU
IV
1
0
....
....
...
n•u
• "'
-" '
-'L
""
''
...,
, ..
.. ,. ...... ~.,
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,M
a
L F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(+R
ock
1
98
6;
• -
refs
m
ain
ly
to
incl
usi
on
s)
Kei
th t
owns
hi
R
?Pro
tero
U
A
Sin
gle
Cal
led
"kim
berl
itic
" bu
t co
ntai
ns a
bund
ant
Wat
son
etal
.(1
97
8)
-wic
dy
ke
Cpx
; II
, S
p a
nd
WR
com
posi
tion
s ty
pica
l o
f U
ML
(M
itch
elll
97
9 1
986)
P
icto
n/V
arty
R
~170
UA
T
wo
dyk
es
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed ''
kim
berl
ite,
kim
berl
itic
roc
k, B
arne
ll e
t al
.(19
84);
Ari
ma
& K
erri
ch (
1988
) I
Lak
es
(K-A
r)
lam
prop
hyre
"; w
hole
-roc
k ge
oche
m.
and
I m
iner
alog
y un
equi
voca
lly
indi
cate
UM
L
Bac
helo
r Lak
e-R
11
10
UA
D
ykes
and
F
orm
erly
ter
med
"ld
mbe
rlit
e,la
mpr
ophy
re,
Wat
son
(195
5,19
67b)
; C
urri
e (1
976,
p.l
l7);
Bru
mm
er (
1978
) M
atta
wa(
NW
(K
-Ar)
si
lls o
ver
lam
prop
hyri
c ne
phel
init
e";
carr
y eu
hedr
al
I I Q
uebe
c dy
kes)
w
ide
area
O
I,P
h ph
cn;
"NO
T k
imbe
rlit
es"
(Cur
rie
1976
}_
Mon
trea
l (l
ies
S6
~120
UA
, D
ykes
, R
elat
ed t
o O
ka
cbt c
ompl
ex;
of
3 li
e B
izar
d H
arvi
e (1
910)
; B
owen
(19
22);
Sta
nsfi
eld
(192
3b);
Go
ld (
1967
,197
2);
1
Biz
ard,
Cad
ieux
(a
ssum
ed)
UL
pi
pes,
di
atre
mes
,Pai
n de
Suc
re m
ay b
e di
amon
dife
rou
Gol
d &
Mar
chan
d (
1969
); P
hilp
otts
(19
74);
Eb
y (
1985
,198
7);
Rae
side
C
om
o
etc.
) br
ecci
as
I (B
rum
mer
197
8);
Ac-
phon
olit
e al
so o
ccur
s &
Hel
mst
aedt
(19
82);
Mit
chel
l (1
983
•198
7);
Ali
bert
& A
lbar
cdc(
l9R
81
Ok
aco
mp
lex
5
6 9
9-1
20
U
L
Dyk
es,
"Aln
<lite
s" w
ell
docu
men
ted,
but
"fo
urch
ites
, G
old
(196
6);
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.3
73-4
); T
uttl
e &
Git
tins
(19
66,
and
sate
llit
es
(K-A
r);
?AM
pip
es
kers
antit
es,m
inet
tes.m
onch
iqui
tes"
in
prev
ious
p.5
17);
Gir
ault
(19
68);
Phi
lpol
ts (
1974
); E
by (
1975
); C
urri
e (1
976,
11
4(R
bSr
I pap
ers
unco
nfir
med
·iam
ps=
lasl
inl
i in
com
plex
lp.1
05);
McM
aho
n &
Hag
gert
y (1
979)
C
asti
gnon
s
~1873
UA
D
ykes
, P
revi
ousl
y ca
lled
"m
eim
echi
tes,
ldm
berl
itic
D
imro
th (
1970
); D
ress
ler
(197
5);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.ll1
); W
ooll
ey
Lak
e'L
abra
dor
(K-A
r)
diaL
iem
es
rock
s, l
ampr
ophy
ric
alnl
lite
s";
asso
c. w
ith
cbt;
(1
987,
p.5
9)
Tro
ugh
Lab
rado
r T
roug
h dy
kes
assu
med
10
be
sam
e ag
e W
.Qin
glin
g R
T
erti
ary
UM
l >
10
pip
es
Man
tle
incl
usio
n-be
arin
g Y
u X
ue-
Hu
i (C
hina
Uni
vers
ity
of
Geo
scie
nces
, pe
rs.c
omm
.,19
89)
Mtn
s. (
Hua
-Ti
dyke
s,
etc.
) si
lls,
ven
ts
Pol
zen
rive
r 5
6 T
erti
ary:
U
P
Dyk
es,
Ass
oc.
"mel
ilit
e-an
kara
trit
e", tr
achy
basa
l~
Sch
eum
ann
(19
13,1
922)
; S
eife
rt &
Tr<
lger
(19
37);
Wim
men
auer
(=
Plo
ucni
ce)/
K
-Ar.
.(i(
) pi
pes
over
ph
onol
ite.
01-
neph
elin
ite,
U m
iner
aliz
atio
n;
(197
4, p
.262
); S
hrb
eny
& M
acha
cek
(197
4);
No
vak
et a
l.(l
98
1);
Piv
ec
Hin
terh
erm
dorf
Sm-Nd~
50x4
0 km
su
bvol
cani
c co
ne-s
heet
com
plex
at O
secn
a et
al.
(198
6);
Ulr
ych
et
al.(
1986
198
8a b
) S
ok
li
s ~350
UA
D
ykes
A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
larg
e ca
rbon
atit
e, f
enit
e V
arti
aine
n et
al.
(197
8)
(K-A
r)
com
plex
(am
ong
wor
ld's
lar
gest
car
bona
tite
s);
lam
ps a
re t
he O
NL
Y p
rim
itiv
e ro
ck-t
ypes
Iiv
aara
s
~30
UL
D
ykes
? F
ew d
etai
ls a
vail
able
L
okka
(19
34)
(Kuu
sam
o)
ME
TH
Q[
? S
aint
-Mic
aud
R
Neo
gene
uo
L
ava?
"P
icri
te-a
nkar
atri
te l
ampr
ophy
riqu
e"
Bro
usse
& N
aliv
el (
1963
)
Nar
ssaq
, s
~1300
UA
D
ykes
, S
om
e re
late
d to
Gro
nned
al-I
ka c
arbo
nati
te
Em
eleu
s (1
964)
; W
alto
n (1
965)
; S
tew
art
(197
0);
Upt
on (
1974
); U
pton
Q
agss
iars
suk,
(R
J>.S
r)
UL
pi
pes,
co
mpl
ex;
othe
rs i
ntim
atel
y as
soci
ated
wit
h &
Th
om
as (
1973
); E
mel
eus
& U
pton
(19
76,
p.15
7);
Up
ton
&
lgdl
utal
ik, e
tc.
vent
s m
clil
ite
rock
, px
nt,
cbt;
"m
onch
iqui
tes"
=U
A
Em
eleu
s (1
987)
; •s
co
tt S
mit
h (1
987,
p.3
1);
J. C
rave
n (p
ers.
com
m.)
S
arfa
rt6q
S
6 ~600
UA
D
ykes
R
elat
ed t
o S
arfa
rt6q
car
bona
tite
com
plex
; so
me
Lar
sen
(198
0);
Lar
sen
et a
l.(1
983)
; •s
co
tt S
mit
h (1
987)
(K
-Ar)
m
isna
med
"ki
mbe
rlit
es";
K-A
r ag
es o
n a
ctua
l dv
kes ~c
olo~
ical
lv e
rron
eous
due
10
exce
ss A
r
"' V>
..,. r<
;J> ~ ~ ;3 CT
l en
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Gre
enla
nd -
Fred
erik
shA
b (S
W)
(Fig
s. 2
.3 &
ar
ea (O
qUrn
iaq,
2.
11)
lluili
trss
uk e
tc.
Gre
enla
nd -
Hol
stei
nsbo
rg
(SW
) (F
igs.
2.3
&
2.I
I)
Gre
enla
nd -
Rav
ns S
tor!<
l/ (S
W)
(Fig
s. 2
.3 &
F
rede
riks
hlbs
2.
11)
lsbl
ink
Gre
enla
nd -
Suk
kert
oppe
n (S
W)
(Fig
s. 2
.3 &
(A
iang
uars
suk,
2
.Il)
Q
aqar
ssuk
etc
. It
aly
Ven
etia
n V
al F
isca
lina
(F
ig.2
.I2)
Ital
y -
Mt.Q
uegl
ia,
(Fig
.2.I
2)
Abr
uzzo
, A
penn
ines
Ken
ya
E.A
fric
an
Hom
aBay
R
ift
(Hom
a M
tn.,
i(F
ig.2
.3)
Kis
ingi
ri,
etc.
)
Ken
ya/
E.A
fric
an
ML
Elg
on
Uga
nda
Rif
t [(
Fig
.2.3
) N
amib
ia
Lud
eritz
? G
ross
(F
ig.2
.3)
BrU
kkar
os/
Blu
e H
ills
N
orw
ay
Fen
no-
Fen,
Tcl
emar
k Sc
andi
an
1Fi2
.2.3
) N
orw
ay
Nor
th S
ea?
Ytte
r!<ly
, (F
igs.
2.3
&
Tro
ndhe
ims-
2.7}
ljo
ol
Pac
ific
O
cean
ic
Mal
aita
,
Oce
an
Isla
nds
Sol
omon
Is.
[(
Fig
.2.3
) S
.Afr
ica
Cap
e S
uthe
rlan
d (C
ape
(Fig
.2.3
) (S
alpe
trek
op,
Pro
vinc
e)
etc.
)-
..I.
U.V
lV '-
'-'•
'-
'VlU
.lll
llV
U.
V .
... V
Ull ..
.. II
VV
.:J
V
I U
IU
Ull
lUll
V U
Ull
J
V
llfJ
V.:
J
YY
..I.
UI
liV
V
\.1
1\.
ol
VIU
liV
IIV
.:J
As
Ag
e,M
a L
F
orm
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(+R
ock
19
86;
• =
re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
M
=16
2 U
A
Dyk
e "L
ampr
ophy
re, l
ampr
ophy
ric
carb
onat
ite"
Wal
ton
(196
6);
Wal
ton
& A
rnol
d (1
970)
; R
ival
enti
& S
ighi
noll
i
(K-A
r -s
war
m
dyke
s; a
ppro
x. c
onte
mpo
rane
ous
with
sli
ghtl
y (1
970)
; L
arse
n et
al.(
1983
); •
sco
tt S
mit
h (I
987)
max
.)
alka
line
dol
erite
(so
<al
led
"TD
") d
ykes
R??
UD
A
few
"A
nom
alou
s la
mpr
ophy
re d
ykes
"; r
elat
ions
S
cott
(19
79,1
981)
, •s
cott
Sm
ith
(198
7)
L?
dyke
s an
d w
ith
spat
iall
y as
soci
ated
•5
87
Ma
kim
berl
ites
lens
es
and
=12
20 l
amQ
roite
s (f
able
C4)
unk
now
n
s 11
9-14
1 U
A,
Dyk
es
Ass
oc.
cbt
brec
cia,
pho
n; t
erm
inol
ogy
("la
mps
Han
sen
& L
arse
n (I
974)
, Han
sen
(I98
0,I9
8I);
Lar
sen
et a
l.(l
983)
(K-A
r)
?UL
ca
rbon
atit
itic
lam
ps, n
ephe
lini
tes"
etc
.) h
ighl
y
ambi~uous
but s
ome
appe
ar to
be
true
UM
L
s =
170
UA
N
umer
ous
Lai
npro
phyr
ic d
ykes
are
sca
tter
ed th
roug
hout
L
arse
n et
al.
(l98
3);
•sco
tt S
mit
h (1
987)
(K-A
r)
dyke
s S
uppe
rtok
ken
regi
on;
som
e ar
e de
mon
stra
bly
rela
ted
to Q
aqar
ssuk
car
bona
tite
com
plex
R
=34
?U
A
A f
ew
Ter
med
"la
mpr
ophy
res"
, "le
ucit
e-la
mpr
oite
s" o
Cas
ali
& B
igio
gger
o (I
981)
; L
ucch
ini
etal
.(19
83)
(RI>
-Sr)
dy
kes
"kam
afug
ites
" bu
t che
mic
ally
UM
L;
form
erly
:
cons
ider
ed to
be
part
of P
reda
zzo ma~atism
R
Pos
t-U
A
A fe
w
Em
plac
ed a
long
fau
lt se
para
ting
Eoc
ene
and
Dur
azzo
et a
l.(I
984)
Eoce
ne
dyke
s in
2
Upp
er M
ioce
ne s
eque
nces
ou
tcro
ps
S6
Mio
cene
U
A
Lat
e dy
kes
Com
posi
te i
ntru
sion
s oc
cur;
lam
ps=
II%
of
McC
all
(I95
8);
Hei
nric
h (I
966,
p.4
81);
Tut
tle
& G
itti
ns (
1966
,
(3 &
11
-U
L
tuff
she
et,
dyke
s ar
ound
Kis
ingi
ri s
trat
ovol
cano
; "a
lnO
itic
p.42
5):
Roc
k (I
976a
): L
e B
as (
1977
, p.9
3-4
& 2
46)
I4:K
-Ar
aggl
om
aggl
omer
ate"
at
Got
Olo
o H
oma
Mtn
.
S6 M
ioce
ne
UP
A
few
F
orm
erly
ter
med
"be
rgal
iteS"
O
dman
(I93
0);
Dav
ies
(195
2)
(=I8
) dy
kes
R
=84
U
L
Vol
cano
: M
o-M
e-P
hl r
ock
"of a
lnO
itic
char
acte
r" (
form
er l
anse
(I9
69,
I971
); F
ergu
son
et a
l.(I
975)
; M
itch
ell
(I98
6, p
.36)
(K-A
r)
num
erou
s "k
imbe
rlit
e-ca
rbon
atit
e");
asso
c. f
enit
es, s
cale
o
sill
s m
agm
atis
m a
nd l
ow M
gO n
ot l
ike
kim
berl
ite
S6
560-
580
UD
D
ykes
, •7
% o
f cb
t com
plex
out
crop
, bu
t geo
phys
ics
Br!
<lg
ger(
l92l
);S
aeth
er(l
957)
;Bar
th &
Ram
berg
(l96
6);H
einr
ich
(196
6);
(K-A
r,
pipe
s, s
ills
sug
gest
s U
ML
bod
y ex
tend
s to
=I5
km d
epth
; M
itch
ell
& C
rock
et(I
972)
; •G
rifl
in(I
973)
; M
itch
ell
& B
runf
ell(
l975
);
RI>
-Sr)
50
UM
L s
heet
s co
ver
I500
_sq.
km a
roun
d F
en
Gri
ffin
& Tavlor(l975)~Mitchell(l980
198(
fu*G
rifl
in &
Kre
sten
(l98
7l
R6
=36
3 (A
r-U
A
Sin
gle
Pos
sibl
y re
late
d to
Osl
o pr
ovin
ce,
but
may
be
Car
sten
s (1
962)
; S
tore
tved
t (I9
67);
Pri
em e
t al.
(I96
8);
Mit
chel
l &
Ar)
: 24
8 dy
ke
Cal
edon
ian
as s
ugge
sted
by
pala
eom
agne
tic
an
Rob
erts
( I9
86)
@_1
>-S!
} is
otop
ic d
ata
R5
=34
U
L,
>2
pipe
s,
"Ank
arat
rite
s" m
ay a
lso
be U
ML
. A
llen
&
al.(
I979
); *
Nix
on &
Boy
d (I
979)
; N
ixon
et a
l.(I
980)
; N
ixon
(19
80,
(K-A
r)
uo
brec
cias
D
eans
(19
65);
Bra
dsha
w (
I 968
); D
awso
n et
al.
*I98
7):•
Bie
lski
-Zys
kind
et a
l.(l
984)
; *N
eal
& N
ixon
(19
85):
•N
ixon
[(19
78);
Nix
on &
Col
eman
(19
78);
•Dei
aney
et
& N
eal
(198
7);
•Sch
ulze
(198
7): *
Nea
l(l9
88);
Nea
l &
Dav
idso
n(l9
89'
R
Jura
ssic
/ U
A,
Dyk
es,
Var
ious
pre
viou
s na
mes
giv
en;
abun
dant
Ap,
D
unca
n et
al.
(I97
8);
Mci
ver
& F
ergu
son
(I97
9);
Boc
tor
& Y
oder
Cre
tac
UL
py
rocl
asts
pu
rple
Cpx
, Ba-
Ti-
Ph,
Ti-
Gt a
nd 11
com
p (I
986)
-eou
s su
gges
t man
y U
ML
· as
soci
ated
with
cbt
, tra
ch
~ z tl n tr1
Vl N
Vl
Vl
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
S.A
fric
a -
(Cap
e (F
ig.2
.3)
Pro
vinc
e)
S.A
fric
a -
(Ora
nge
Fre
e S
tate
S
ierr
a -
Loo
ne
(Fig
.2.2
)
Swed
en
Fenn
o-Sc
andi
an
Fig
.2.3
) Sw
eden
- (F
ig.2
.3)
US
A
Oua
chit
as
(AR
) (F
ig.2
.!0)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(C
A)
Cor
dill
era
iiF
iR.2
.10)
U
SA
N
.Am
eric
an
(IL
) C
ordi
llera
i1Fi~.2.10)
USA
-
(KY
) (F
ig.2
.!0)
US
A
-(M
O)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(M
IJ
Cor
dille
ra
Fig
.2.1
0)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(M
IJ
Cor
dille
ra
!Fi~.2.10)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
(M
I)
Cor
dille
ra
IFiR
.2.1
0)
""-"''"'~""'
.._.._
. • .._...._,,u•~·~·~-..... '-'""'-'"'•'~"""''-'"' v
• ._.,.._......_...,..._.,~
u.<
.u•
&V
,. •~"'
H&
.. ,
HV
vu•~•
._,,...,,.~"'-'"'
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(+R
ock
19
86;
• =
re
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
Kim
berl
ey
R
1910
±60
U
A
5 dy
kes
"Mic
a au
gite
per
idot
ites
"; h
ave
euhe
dral
01,
tO<
Cle
men
t et a
l.(l
979)
(D
e B
eers
&
(Rb-
Sr)
pred
atin
g D
i-ri
ch,m
acro
crys
t-po
or to
be
KIL
; ra
nge
from
W
esse
l ton
) K
IL o
ioes
U
A t
o an
hy_d
rous
typ
es·s
pars
ely
diam
ondi
fero
u N
ew E
land
s/
R
1 U
MI
Dyk
e C
arry
Ti·
Zr
garn
et,K
-V-B
a-ti
tana
tes,
Cpx
; ca
lle<
Mit
chel
l &
Mey
er (
1989
) S
tar
min
es
/KU
sw
arm
"m
icac
eous
kim
berl
ites
" bu
t "un
reas
onab
le to
w
ith
KlL
co
ntin
uing
ref
erri
ng t
o th
em a
s ki
mbe
rlit
es"!
M
aho
(Bag
be),
M
UD
D
ykes
T
erm
ed "
carn
pton
ite"
but c
hem
ical
ly=
UM
L;
Wil
son
(196
5)
Gal
a F
ores
t as
soci
ated
with
Ne-
sye/
feni
te c
ompl
ex
Aln
O
S6
~560
UA
, H
undr
eds
For
mer
"ki
mbe
rlit
es"
and
"kim
berl
itic
V
on E
cker
man
n(19
48,1
958,
1963
,196
6a,b
;l96
7,19
68);
How
ie(l
963)
;
(K·A
r,
UL
o
f dyk
es,
alnO
ites"
= U
A;
70 l
amps
(25
% o
f kn
own
Hei
nric
h(I9
66);
Kre
sten
(019
76,1
980)
;Kre
sten
& P
erss
on(1
975)
;Kre
sten
R
b-Sr
) pi
pes
dyke
s) a
re l
ates
t i~neous
acti
vity
in c
ompl
ex
& N
airi
s (1
982)
; B
ruec
kner
& R
ex (
1980
); •
Gri
ffin
& K
rest
en (
1987
)
Kal
ix-L
uleA
s
~1150
UA
~IOOdyke
form
erly
"ki
mbe
rlit
es";
ass
ocia
ted
cbt
dyke
s;
Gei
jer
(192
8);
Lar
sson
(19
43);
Tut
tle
& G
itti
ns (
1966
, p.5
08);
Kre
sten
(K-A
r)
boul
der
of "
ouac
hitit
e" f
rom
Ala
nd I
s. (
Fin
land
& E
delm
an (
1975
); K
rest
en &
Bru
nfel
t (19
79);
Kre
sten
et
al.(
l981
);
mav
be
from
her
e·
•Gri
ffin
& K
rest
en(1
987)
D
are
Min
e S
6 C
reta
c-U
O,
Dyk
es,
Ass
ocia
ted
on p
rovi
nce-
scal
e w
ith c
arbo
natit
es,
Ste
ele
& W
agne
r (1
979)
; M
orri
s (1
987)
Kno
b, e
tc.
eous
U
P
diat
rem
es
AL
(A
M)
etc.
of
Mag
net
Cov
e (T
able
C2)
, U
o
f P
rair
ie C
reek
(T
able
C4)
, et
c.
Coy
ote
Pea
k R
4 ~28
UP
Sin
gle
pip<
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
mod
libo
vite
" C
zarn
ansk
e et
al.
(l97
8,19
79,1
980,
!981
); E
rd &
Cza
man
ske
(198
3);
(K-A
r,
260x
500
n C
zam
ansk
e &
Atk
in (
1985
); M
orga
n et
al.
(l98
5)
Ar-
Ar)
O
mah
a,
R ~257
UL
S
ills
, S
ome
form
erly
ter
med
"m
ica
peri
doti
te,
Eng
lish
& G
roga
n (1
948)
; C
legg
(19
55);
Cle
gg &
Bra
dbur
y (1
956)
;
Ros
icla
re, e
tc,
(K-A
r)
UA
dy
kes
kim
berl
ite";
ass
ocia
ted
spha
leri
te-g
alen
a-Z
arun
an e
t al.
(l96
7);
Mey
er (1
976)
G
alla
tin
Ctv
. nu
orite
min
eral
izat
ion
Cla
ylic
k C
reek
R
Pro
babl
y U
A
>5
0 d
ykes
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
mic
a pe
rido
tite
, kim
berl
ite,
K
oeni
g (1
956)
; W
arre
n (1
956)
; W
atso
n (1
967b
); H
unt &
Eng
elha
rdt
Fan
nery
etc
., P
erm
ian
larn
prop
hyre
", n
ow "
pseu
doki
mbe
rlit
e"
(197
3);
Mey
er (
1976
); M
itch
ell
(197
9; 1
986,
p.2
1 &
286
); D
awso
n
Cri
tten
den
Ct
I I=U
ML
); s
ame
mag
mat
ism
as
prev
ious
ent
ry]
1098
9)
Avo
n ar
ea,
St.
R
=39
0 U
L
>80
ven
ts
Car
bona
tion
/bre
ccia
tion
aro
und
mos
t ve
nts;
W
elle
r &
St.
Cia
ir (
1928
); S
inge
wal
d &
Mil
ton
(193
0);
Tar
r &
Kel
ler
Fra
ncoi
s &
St.
(K-A
r,
dyke
s ov
er 3
90 =
max
. ag
e?;
som
e te
rmed
"ki
mbe
rlit
e" b
u (1
933)
; R
ust(
l937
); T
olm
an &
Lan
ctes
(193
9);
Kid
wel
l(l9
47);
Hei
nric
h
Gen
evie
ve C
ty
Rb-
Sr)
2()()
SQ
.km
. m
ost
"lam
prop
hvre
, aln
Oite
"· a
utol
ithi
c 10
966.
o.3
37-8
); Z
artm
an e
t al.
{l96
7l;
Mev
er (
1976
)
Hay
stac
k S
I T
ertia
ry
UL
S
ingl
e A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith "
mon
tice
llit
e-pe
rido
tite
"; p
an
Bui
e (1
941)
; P
owel
l & B
ell (
1970
); W
endl
andt
(197
7);
Hea
rn (
1989
)
But
te,
Hig
h pl
ug
of s
ame
mag
mat
ism
as
Mis
sour
i R
iver
Bre
aks
-woo
d M
tns.
I p
ipes
and
Win
nett
Sil
l, bu
t sp
atia
lly
sepa
rate
Mis
sour
i M
~so
UL,
C
hono
lith
s S
pati
ally
ass
ocia
ted
wit
h "m
onti
cell
ite-
Pow
ell
& B
ell
(197
0);
Hea
rn (
1968
,198
9);
•Hea
rn &
McG
ee (
1983
);
Riv
er B
reak
s (K
-Ar)
U
P pl
ugs,
pe
rido
tite
" an
d sh
osho
niti
c su
ites
of
Hig
hwoo
d •E
ggle
r et
al.
(!98
7)
pipe
s L
ittl
e R
ocky
& B
earp
aw M
tns.
W
inne
tt
Sl
=50
U
L
Sin
gle
sill
P
art
of
sam
e m
agm
atis
m a
s M
isso
uri
Riv
er
Ros
s (1
926a
); H
earn
(19
89)
(K-A
r)
Bre
aks
pipe
s an
d H
ayst
ack
But
te,
but s
pati
ally
se
para
te
~ "' r' ~ ~ ;;; ti1 "'
J,
UV
I\,;
-J .
..... VIH
II
IIIV
U
...,
... ...
,11
1._
.10
....
... ~ V
I
"U
UU
.IO
I .. I
I ..
. &
lAIII
"''-'
II
'"''""
,...
11
11
"
""
V
UO
... I
U
&U
.OI'"
'"'"
'''
Cou
ntr
y P
rovi
nce
O
ccu
rren
ct
As
Ag
t.M
o
L
For
m
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s {+
Roc
k
1986
; •
=-rt
fs
mai
nly
to
in
clu
sion
s)
US
A
N.A
mer
ican
Y
ogo
Gul
ch
Rl
e50
U
D
Sin
gle
Fon
netl
y u:
nne<
l .. m
inet
le, o
uach
itite
" et
c;
Bro
wnl
ow &
Kom
orow
ski
(198
8);
Mey
er &
Mit
chel
l (19
88)
(M1
) C
ordi
ller
a (K
·Ar}
dy
ke
cont
ains
gem
qua
Uty
sap
phir
e de
posi
t I IF
i2.2
.10\
U
SS
R
-Fe
rgha
na
R
UL
D
ykes
A
ssoc
iate
<J w
ith
?car
bona
tite
s bu
tlit~e o
ther
M
ushk
in &
Lar
in (
1979
) (F
ig.2
.3)
{Mid
dle}
av
aila
ble
info
nnat
ion
US
SR
E
.Sib
eria
n A
naba
r (N
E
S7 C
ut
UL
D
ykes
, M
any
or
.. kim
berl
ites
· ar
e cl
osel
y as
soci
aled
G
on's
halc
ova
et 31
.(19
67);
Nik
isho
v el
al.{
197
2, 1
979)
(S
iber
ia)
plat
form
S
iber
ian
Pal
aeoz
oi
?UA
pi
pes.
w
ith
UL
and
are
prob
ably
UA
; ca
rbon
atil
es a
nd
(Fig
.2.3
) pl
atfo
nn} _
.__
su;
ua
stoc
ks
carb
onnt
ite
brec
cias
als
o oc
cur
~ "" m z 0 ?)
m
V>
.., v. ...,
Co
un
try
Alg
eria
(F
ig.2
.4)
Ant
arct
ica
(Fig
.2.4
)
Ant
arct
ica
(Fig
.2.4
)
Aus
tral
ia
(QL
D;F
ig
2.4
2.R
) A
uslr
alia
(W
A;F
igs
2.4,
2.8)
A
ustr
alia
(W
A;F
igs
2.4,
2.8)
A
ustr
alia
(W
A;F
igs
2.4,
2.8)
B
ulga
ria
(Fig
.2.4
)
Fra
nce
(Cor
sica
; F
ig.2
.4-5
G
reen
land
(W
; F
igs.
2.
4, 2
.11
Indi
a (F
igs.
2.
4,2.
13)
Indi
a (M
adhy
a P
rade
sh)
Ital
y (F
igs.
2.4,
2.
12)
S.A
fric
a,
Tra
nsva
al
I (Fig
.2.4
)
....
....
..., .
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
. ,_
.._...
_.. .
....
....
....
....
....
....
. '-
" ..
....
....
....
.. u
,., ...... u
•
....
....
....
~ .. ,.
, •• ~ ............
'"""'
Occ
urr
ence
A
s A
ge,
Ma
For
m
Com
men
ts
Ref
s(+
Sah
ama
19
74
;Mit
chel
l 1
98
5;B
erg
man
1
98
7;•
=re
fs
to
incl
usi
on
s)
Azz
aba,
R
l T
ertia
ry
Isol
ated
P
ossi
bly
sam
e su
ite a
s M
urci
a la
mpr
oite
s V
ila
et a
l.(l
974)
Ham
mam
· dy
ke
(Spa
in);
for
mer
ly "
pota
ssic
oli
vine
tra
chyt
es'
Mes
kout
ine
but
appe
ar to
be
LC
G
auss
berg
, R
7 P
leis
toce
ne L
avas
. F
orm
erly
ter
med
"ga
ussb
ergi
te'',
"le
ucit
ite"
V
yalo
v &
Sob
olev
(19
59);
She
rato
n &
Cun
dari
(19
80);
Col
lers
on &
. McC
ullo
ch
Wil
helm
!I
land
·R
ecen
t te
phra
et
c.;
Lc-
01-l
arnp
roit
e (1
982)
; T
inge
y et
al.
(198
3)
[(<
0.02
5). I (v
olca
no
MtB
ayli
ss &
R
7 41
3-43
0 Is
olat
ed
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
mel
asye
nite
"; M
t.B
ayli
ss
She
rato
n &
Eng
land
(19
80)
Pri
slle
y P
eak
(K
-Ar)
; dy
kes
is in
Pri
nce
Cha
rles
Mtn
s., P
ries
tley
Peak
in
Pal
aeoz
oic
End
erby
Lan
d; A
m-l
arnp
roit
c ±
Sa+
Ph
Mar
raba
, R
?
Isol
ated
F
orm
erly
ter
med
"m
inet
te"
Der
rick
(19
80);
Jaq
ues
et a
l.(l
985)
Clo
ncur
ry
dyke
M
t.ls
a in
lier
) A
rgyl
e (A
KI)
, R
2 ·1
10
0
Pip
e,
Form
erly
ter
med
"ki
mbe
rliti
c";
asso
ciat
ed e
n A
tkin
son
et a
l.(1
984a
,b);
Jaq
ues
et a
l.(l
985,
1986
,!98
9a,c
); S
kinn
er e
t al
.(l9
85);
Nix
on
E.K
imbe
rley
(K
-Ar,
dy
kes
eche
lon
dyke
s at
Lis
sade
ll R
oad;
pro
duce
s et
al.
(l98
7);
Box
er e
t al
.(l9
89)
Rb-
Sr)
>3
0% o
f w
orld
's d
iam
onds
by
wei
ght
W.K
imbe
rley
R
2 1
8-25
O
ver
HX
Var
iabl
y di
arno
ndif
erou
s. T
hree
maj
or fi
elds
P
ride
r (1
939,
1960
,196
5,19
82);
Wad
e &
Pri
der
(194
0);
Pri
der
& C
ole
(194
2);
Nor
rish
(K-A
r)
pipe
s at
Cal
wyn
yard
ah, E
llen
dale
, Noo
nkam
bah;
(1
951)
; K
apla
n et
al.
(l96
7);
Der
rick
& G
ella
tly
(196
9);
Wel
lman
(19
73);
Gup
ta &
Yag
1
chem
ical
ly c
over
KIL
/UM
L a
s w
ell
as L
L;
I (19
80,
v.55
); A
tkin
son
et a
l.(l
984a
); M
itch
ell
(198
1);
Ari
ma
& E
dgar
(19
83);
W.K
imbe
rley
R
2
olde
r (J
uras
sic)
age
s ap
ochr
ypha
l; o
nly
McC
ullo
ch e
t al
.(l9
83);
Nix
on e
t al
.(l9
84);
Tho
mps
on e
t al
.(l9
84);
Jaq
ues
et
(con
td.)
le
ucite
-lam
proi
tcs
outc
rop,
oliv
ine-
lam
proi
tes
al.(
l984
a,b;
l985
,198
6);
Pry
ce e
t al
.(l9
84);
All
sopp
et
al.(
l985
); F
rase
r et
al.
(l98
5);
form
erly
"ki
mbe
rlit
es)
know
n fr
om d
rill
ing
Jaqu
es &
Fol
ey (
1985
); N
elso
n et
al.
(l98
6);
Sob
olev
et
al.(
l989
)
Svi
dnja
, nr
.Sof
ia R
P
alae
ozoi
c S
mal
l A
ppea
r to
be
LC
, tr
ansi
tion
al b
etw
een
Ste
fano
va (
1966
); S
tefa
nova
& B
oyad
zhiy
eva
(197
4,19
75);
Ste
fano
va &
Pav
lova
stoc
ks
min
ettc
s an
d !a
rnpr
oite
s; W
R c
hem
istr
y (1
974)
; G
rozd
anov
(19
79)
clas
sifi
es a
s C
M o
n di
scri
min
ant
func
tions
S
isco
R
l Q
l4 (
K-A
r) T
hin
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
pera
lkal
ine
min
ette
"; L
C
Vel
de (
1967
,196
8a)
sill
s tr
ansi
tion
al i
n ch
arac
ter
betw
een
min
ette
s an
c I (
1-4
m)
lam
oroi
tes;
Ph-
Rc-
larn
oroi
tc
Hol
stci
nsbo
rg
L?
·12
20
D
ykes
F
orm
erly
"po
tass
ic l
ampr
ophy
res"
; sp
atia
lly
Bro
oks
et a
l.(l
978)
; S
cott
(19
79,1
981)
; P
iper
(19
8la,
b);
•Sco
tt S
mit
h (1
987)
; T
hy
R?
(K-A
r)
asso
ciat
ed w
ith
·58
7 M
a K
IL a
nd
(198
2);
Thy
et a
l.(1
987)
; N
elso
n (1
989)
"a
nom
alou
s la
mpr
ophy
res"
(U
ML
:Tab
le C
3
Che
lim
a R
7 11
40,1
225
Dyk
e-F
orm
erly
ter
med
"m
inet
te,
phlo
gopi
tite
, A
ppav
adha
nulu
(19
66);
Rao
et
al.(
l966
); S
en &
Rao
(19
70,1
971)
; A
non
(197
1);
(And
hraP
rade
sh)
1371
±45
sw
arm
,?
biot
ite-
lam
prop
hyre
, ca
lcit
e-ri
ch k
imbe
rlit
e,
Cra
wfo
rd &
Com
psto
n (1
973)
; C
hatt
erje
e (1
974)
; S
arm
a (1
983)
; G
upta
et
al.(
l986
);
ICK
-Arl
km l
ong
kim
ber
lite
-car
bona
tite
"; d
iarn
ondi
fero
us
Mur
ty e
t al
.(l9
87);
Roc
k &
Pau
l (1
989)
; S
cott
Sm
ith
(198
9)
Maj
hgaw
an &
R
84
0-11
70
2 sm
all
For
mer
ly "
kim
berl
ite"
, but
pet
rogr
aphi
call
y M
athu
r &
Sin
gh (
1963
,197
1);
Ano
n (1
971)
; P
aul
et a
l.(l
975)
; B
alas
ubra
hman
yarn
et
Hin
ota,
Pan
na
(K-A
r)
pipe
s m
ore
like
lam
proi
te,
e.g.
in
pres
ence
of
gl"-
" a!
. (1
978)
; A
lexa
nder
& S
hriv
asta
va (
1984
); G
upta
et a
l.(l
986)
; S
cott
Sm
ith
(198
9)
and l
uven
ile
lapj
lli;
dia
rnon
dife
rous
Orc
iati
co &
R
3 1-
4 (K
-Ar)
Lav
as,
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
glim
mer
syen
it,
trap
, S
tefa
nini
(19
34);
Joh
anns
en (
1938
); B
arbe
ri &
Inn
ocen
ti (
1967
); W
agne
r &
Vel
de
Mon
teca
tini
, po
ssib
le
sela
gite
", e
tc.;
mos
t cl
assi
fy a
s C
M o
n W
R
(198
6b)
Pi s
a pi
UllS
M
DA
and
bes
t te
rmed
"co
cite
" (s
ee §
7.2.
6)
Sw
aruu
ggen
s L
7 M
esoz
oic
'Mal
e'
For
mer
ly "
leuc
ite
lam
prop
hyre
" bu
t fe
w
Ski
nner
& S
cott
(19
79);
Daw
son
(198
7)
(Hel
am),
Pne
il,
dyke
, de
tails
ava
ilab
le;
asso
c. w
ith
Gro
up I
I K
IL;
Pos
tmas
burg
ve
nts
appa
rent
ly t
rans
itio
nal
LL
/KJL
N
LA
0
0
r"
:> ~ :>
;) 0 35 -< f:i Vl
Co
un
try
O
ccu
rren
ce
As
Ag
e,M
a
Spa
in
Mur
cia
(Alj
orra
, R
l 7-
-8 (
K-A
r)
(Fig
.2.4
) M
azar
ron,
Ver
a ou
tcro
ps)_
S
pain
M
urci
a (C
anca
ri
Rl
7-8
(K
-Ar)
I (
Fig
.2.4
) C
alas
parr
a, M
on·
-gri
llo,
Jum
illa
) I S
pain
M
urci
a (F
ortu
na,
Rl
7-8
(K
-Ar)
1 (F
ig.2
.4)
Mul
a, B
nrqu
eros
, Z
cnet
a ou
tcro
ps)
Spa
in
Mur
cia
(gen
eral
) R
1 7.
2--8
.6
(Fig
.2.4
) (K
-Ar)
USA
P
rair
ie C
reek
/ L
l =
106
(AR
;Fig
s. T
win
Kno
bs #
I,
(K-A
r)
2.4,
2.10
) et
c . .P
ike
Cty
. U
SA
R
ose/
Sil
ver
Cit
y R
7 =9
0 (K
-Ar)
(K
S;F
igs.
(H
ills
Pon
d),
2.4,
2.10
) W
oods
on C
ty.
US
A
Sm
oky
But
te,
R7
-27
(K-A
r)
(MT
;Fig
s Jo
tdan
2.
4,2.
10)
US
A
Eno
ree
Rl
Lat
e (S
C;F
igs.
ve
rmic
ulite
Pr
ctcr
ozoi
c 2.
4, 2
.10
dist
rict
-P
alae
ozoi
U
SA
Kam
as/M
oon
R7
13-4
0 (U
T;F
igs.
can
yons
/Whi
tes
(K-A
r)
2.4,
2.10
1 C
reek
Sco
tt C
!y_.
USA
L
euci
te H
ills
/ R
7 1.
1-1.
25
(WY
;Fig
s P
ilot
But
te,
(K-A
r)
2.4,
2.10
) S
wee
twat
er C
ty.
US
SR
A
ldan
Shi
eld
87
Post
-(Y
akok
ut,
Mid
dle
Mur
un,
etc.
) Ju
rass
ic
US
SR
C
hatk
al-
R5
Pos
t-(K
irgi
zia)
K
uram
insk
, C
arbo
n-C
entr
al A
sia
ifero
us
Vie
tnam
C
oc-P
ia
R7
Mes
ozoi
c (F
ig.2
.4)
Zam
bia
Kap
amba
, R
S <
250
(F
ig.2
.4)
Lua
ngw
a V
alle
y (K
-Ar)
_._
....
....
....
..,
..
....
. "
....
... '
V>
>&
..L
..
H.L
V ..
...
'-'V
V .
... .L
4V
UV
V"
'-
''"
....
....
. .._
•• .....,.~...., .
...
T<.L~··
....
....
._,~ .
....
... .
_ .._
.......
.L
'V
••
''"''-'
Fo
rm
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
s( +
Sah
ama
19
74
;Mit
chel
l 1
98
5;1
1er
gm
an
19
87
;• -r
efs
to
in
clu
sio
ns)
P
lugs
, P
lugs
at
Cab
eza
Mar
ia, e
tc.;
man
y ro
cks
are
Ftl
ster
& P
edro
(l95
3);
Pel
lice
r (1
973)
; L
arou
zier
e &
Bor
det
(198
3);
Gup
ta &
Yag
i ?l
avas
L
C,
tran
siti
onal
to
CM
(1
980,
p.7
8);
Wag
ner
& V
elde
(19
87)
Plu
gs,
Plu
gs a
t S
ierr
a de
las
Cab
ras,
etc
.; m
any
Jere
min
e &
Fal
lot (
1929
); H
erna
ndez
Pac
heco
(19
65);
Bel
lon
et a
l.(l
981)
; G
upta
&
?lav
as
rock
s ar
e L
C,
tran
siti
onal
to
CM
Y
agi
(198
0, p
.78)
Plu
gs,
Man
y ro
cks
are
LC
, tr
ansi
tion
al t
o C
M
San
Mig
uel
(193
5);
San
Mig
uel
& P
edro
(19
45);
San
Mig
uel
et a
l.(l
951)
; F
uste
r &
?l
avas
G
astc
si (
1964
); F
erna
ndez
& H
erna
ndez
-Pac
heco
(19
72);
Gup
ta &
Yag
i (1
980,
p.7
8);
WaR
ner
& V
elde
(19
87)
Plu
gs,
Man
y ro
cks
are
LC
, tr
ansi
tion
al t
o C
M;
Fal
lot
& J
crem
ine
(193
2);
Par
ga P
onda
l (1
935)
; B
arle
y (1
967)
; F
erm
oso
(196
7a,b
);
?lav
as
slig
ht d
iffe
renc
es in
age
may
exi
st b
etw
een
Fus
ter
et a
l.(J
967)
; V
elde
(19
69);
USp
ez R
uiz
& B
adio
la (
1980
); N
obel
et
al.(
l981
);
the
outc
rops
(E
scor
za &
L6p
ez R
uiz
1988
) N
ixon
et
al.(
J984
); V
entu
rell
i et
al.
(J98
4a,l
988)
; •A
ncoc
hea
& N
ixon
(19
87)
Pip
es,
Fon
nerl
y "k
imbe
rlit
e" e
tc.;
asso
c. O
uach
itas
M
iser
& R
oss(
i923
a);M
iser
& P
urdu
e(l9
29);
Mey
er(I
976)
;Bol
ivar
(19
82a,
b;l9
87);
Sco
t dy
kes,
A
l./U
ML
(T
able
C2-
3);
only
for
mer
US
S
mit
h &
Ski
nner
(l98
4a);
Gog
inen
i et
al.
(l97
8);B
oliv
ar &
Bro
okin
s(l9
79);
Mit
cheU
&
pyro
clas
t di
amon
d m
ine;
als
o A
mer
ican
, B
lack
Lic
k,et
L
ewis
(19
83);
Mor
ris
(198
7);
Wal
dman
et a
l.(l
987)
; A
libe
rt &
Alb
ared
e (1
988)
S
ills
, F
orm
erly
ter
med
"pe
rido
tite
s" o
r "k
imbe
rlit
ic T
olm
an &
Lan
des
(193
9);
Fra
nks
(195
9);
Zar
tman
et a
l.(l
%7
); B
ickf
ord
et a
l.(l
971)
; dy
kes,
ro
cks"
; oc
cur
in P
alae
ozoi
c pl
atfo
rm o
ver
Fra
nks
et a
l.(l
971)
; C
ulle
rs e
t al.
(l98
5);
Coo
pers
mit
h &
Mit
chel
l (1
989)
st
ocks
A
rchr
ean
crat
on
Dyk
es,
Incl
udes
oli
vine
-lar
npro
ite,
phl
ogop
ite-
Vel
de (
1975
); F
rase
r et
al.
(l98
5);
Mit
chel
l et
a1.
(198
7)
plug
s,
lam
proi
te. l
euci
te-la
mpr
oite
; al
so in
Lrus
ive
volc
anic
s br
ecci
as,
tuff
s/ag
glom
erat
es
Sm
all
Hig
hly
alte
red
"bio
titi
te"
cons
ider
ed t
o be
B
e.-g
man
(19
87)
stoc
ks
lam
proi
tic
by B
ergm
an {
1987
, p.
109)
; oc
cur
in i
nner
pie
dmon
t of
App
alac
hian
oro
gen
Plu
gs,
For
mer
ly t
erm
ed "
mel
teig
ites
, tr
achy
tes,
B
est e
t al.
(l96
8)
dyke
s,
wyo
min
gite
s, o
rend
ites,
bio
tite
oliv
inite
s",
luvn
s et
c.'
occu
r on
Col
orad
o Pl
atea
u mar~in
Dyk
es,
Cro
ss (
1897
); K
emp
(I H
97);
Kem
p &
Kni
ght
(197
0);K
ay &
Gas
t (1
973)
;Sob
olev
et a
l.(l
975)
;Bar
ton
& W
ood(
I976
);B
arto
n(l9
79);
sh
eets
, (1
903)
;Sch
ulz
& C
ross
(I91
2);Y
agi
& M
atsu
Bar
ton
& H
arni
lton
(l97
8,19
79,1
982)
;Bar
ton
& B
erge
n(l9
81 );
Kue
hner
et a
l.( 1
981)
; vo
lcan
ics
mot
o(19
66);
Car
mic
haei
(J96
7);P
owel
l &
Bel
Tho
mps
on e
t al.
(l98
4 );
Vol
lmer
et a
l.(l
984
);N
ixon
(19
87);
Nel
son
& M
cCul
loch
(l98
9)
Pip
es,
Sm
all,
high
ly e
rode
d vo
lc,U
lic f
ield
s V
lady
kin
(198
5);
Bog
atik
ov e
t al.
(l98
6)
dyke
s as
soci
ated
wit
h ul
trap
otas
sic
(sye
niti
c)
i plu
tons
of
Ald
an S
hiel
d al
kali
ne p
rovi
nce
Bre
ccia
D
iam
ondi
fero
us, a
lter
ed g
lass
y ro
cks
Bog
atik
ov e
t al.(
1986
); N
ovgo
rodo
va e
t al.
(198
7)
pipe
s in
trud
ing
deep
fau
lt sy
stem
; fr
agm
ents
in
brec
cias
inc
lude
tuf
fs.
gran
ite,
etc.
D
ykes
, L
C o
f in
term
edia
te c
hara
cter
bet
wee
n L
acro
ix (
1933
a,b)
; W
agne
r &
Vel
de (
1986
a)
lava
s m
inet
tes
and
lam
proi
tes;
mos
t an
alys
es
cla~
sify
on
disc
rim
inan
t fu
nctio
ns a
s C
M
Dyk
es,
Ext
ensi
on o
f W
mar
gin
of E
.Afr
ican
rif
t; *N
ixon
(19
87.
p.87
,192
); S
cott
Sm
ith
et a
l.(l
989)
pi
pes
wid
e m
nge
enco
mpa
ssin
g L
L, C
AL
, K
lL a
nd
~ z 0 n tTl "' w "' \0
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
Au
strn
lia
Ta-
;man
Bel
! I
NS
\\')
l\
Fig
.2.8
) A
ustr
alia
Y
ilga
m
IIW
A)
Bul
gari
a L
aram
ide
I<Fi
~.2.
1)
Can
ada
-I I
NS)
I<Fi~.2.1/IO
Czc
chos
-H
crcy
nide
s lo
vaki
a F
ig.2
.5)
Cze
chos
-H
ercy
nide
s lo
vaki
a Fi
~.2.
5)
Cze
chos
--
lova
kia
Fi~.
2.1)
Eir
e C
aled
onid
es
I (S.
Irel
and
Fig
.2.6
) E
ire
Cal
edon
ides
S
.lrel
and
Fig
.2.6
) E
ire
Cal
edon
ides
S.
lrel
a.~d
F
ig.2
.6)
Fra
nce
Her
cyni
des
Fig
.2.5
) Fr
ance
H
ercy
nide
s Fi
~.2.
5)
Gre
enla
nd C
aled
onid
es
I (E
) I 1Fi
~.2.
6/ll
It
aly
Her
cyni
des
I<Fi
~.2.
5)
Nor
way
C
aled
onid
es
I (F
ig.2
.1)
Nor
way
C
aled
onid
es
Fig
.2.1
) N
orw
ay
Cal
edon
ides
F
ig.2
.1)
Spa
in
Her
cyni
des
Gal
icia
) F
ig.2
.5)
Tan
zani
a D
od om
an
Fig
.2.1
) T
anza
nia
Dod
oman
(F
ig.2
.1)
_
.1,
"'·
-"•"'
..._
....
,-, ~
>.U
V.I
.HV
ll<
.U U
V ..
... U111\..-11~1.1,~JVII
.J,V
l L
11
'-'
U
U1
1''
-'
.->
UH
'-'
.....,
,,._.
lU
UF
,ll'
-'1
1''
-'
"'-
''''-'
...,
\:
'fl
,.1
,
Occ
urr
ence
A
ge,
Ma
F
orm
A
ss.p
luto
n
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (+
llo
wes
&
M
cArt
hu
r 1
97
6;W
rig
ht
&
llo
wes
19
79;
Fif
icld
-Bou
rke
397±
16
•20
pip
es i
n 20
km-w
idc
Gob
ondc
ry
Fon
nerl
y te
rmed
"A
lask
an-
Rag
gau
(193
7);
Jopl
in (
1959
); S
chei
bner
(19
76);
Bow
man
ct
al.(
l979
);
Tou
t, e
tc.)
R
b-Sr
) be
lt ex
tend
ing
>32
0 km
gra
nito
id
type
"; P
OE
/Au
min
eral
izat
ion
Sup
pel
& B
arro
n(19
86);
Sup
pel
et a
\.(_1
986)
; R
ock
et a
1.(1
988c
} Ji
mpe
rdin
g =
2700
D
ykes
and
enc
lave
s in
V
ario
us
Des
crib
ed u
nder
var
ious
nam
es
John
ston
e( 1
952)
be
lt*
I ~ra
ni to
ids
in o
ther
lite
ratu
re
Vec
ren
Cre
t-•2
0 g
abbr
oic
stoc
ks u
p G
rani
tes
and
Hor
nble
nde-
phyr
ic g
abbr
os
Boy
adzh
iyev
et a
l.(l
979)
ac
eous
to
1.2
km
acr
oss
abbr
os
very
sim
ilar
to
type
app
init
es
Gre
enda
le
Car
nb-
Sin
gle
stoc
k =5
km
G
reen
dale
C
alc-
alka
line
suite
of
appi
rtiti
c M
urph
y et
al.
(199
0)
Anti
~oni
sh)
rian
? ac
ross
co
mpl
ex
and
hom
blcn
dic
gbr,
dio
Boh
emia
n -I
OO
W 2
0sq.
km r
cdw
itzi
te p
lug
Boh
emia
n W
eide
n R
ossb
ach,
Wol
dvie
rtel
; W
illm
ann
(192
0);
Heg
eman
n (1
932)
; T
roll
(19
68);
Pal
ivco
va &
Kno
tek
Mas
s*
=300
(2
' al
so e
ncla
ves.
shee
ts
gran
itoid
P
ecar
ady
gabb
ro is
app
init
ic
1975
); V
ejna
rD97
5);
Boy
adzh
iyev
et
al.(
1979
); H
alle
t al.
(l98
9).
Mol
danu
bian
•3
00
(by
Enc
lave
s in
Hb-
Bi-
Qz-
Tw
o W
: Z
elna
va t
o M
ilevs
ko m
ass
Art
haud
& M
atte
(19
77);
Hol
ub (
1977
,197
8);
Bou
ska
et a
l.(l
984)
; H
opgO
<X
luro
ns
analo~vi d
iori
te a
nd R
Oei
sses
lin
eam
ents
E:
Tre
bic
to Rastenber~ m
ass
& B
owes
(1
987)
M
uten
ln
Pro
tem
-R
ing-
intr
usio
n w
ilh
Mut
enfn
K
-ric
h ho
rnbl
ende
-<lio
ritic
rock
> T
onik
a (1
979)
zo
ic
syen
ites
ferr
odio
rite
o
f ap
pini
tic
affm
ity
Don
egal
* =
400
(by
> 4
0 pi
pe-c
ompl
exes
A
rdar
a L
amps
for
m d
ykes
rad
iati
ng
Pit
cher
& R
ead(
195
2);F
renc
h &
Pit
cher
(l95
9);F
renc
h( 1
966,
1976
, 197
7);
analo~y)
Kilk
enne
y, e
tc.)
ra
nito
id
from
bre
ccia
bod
ies
Hal
l (1
967)
; P
itch
er &
Ber
ger
(197
2);
Ken
nan
(197
9);
Els
don
& T
odd(
l989
' L
eins
ter-
-40
0 (
by >
50
boss
es i
n se
vera
l L
eins
ter
Pro
babl
y de
eper
intr
usio
n le
vel
Bri
ndle
y (1
957,
1970
); C
onno
r (1
974)
; O
'Con
nor
(197
4);
Bri
ndle
y et
al.
Dub
lin*
an
alog
y)
clus
ters
; sh
eets
, dyk
es
I gra
nito
id
than
typ
e ap
pini
tes
1097
6);
Bri
ick
(197
6);
Ken
nan
(197
9)
Ox
Mtn
s.
496±
8 O
x M
tns.
A
ppin
ites
bot
h pr
e-an
d T
aylo
r ( 1
968)
; P
ankh
urst
et a
l.(19
76);
Lon
g &
Max
(19
77);
And
rew
s et
R
b-Sr
) I ~ranitoid
post
-<la
te ~ra
ni to
ids
al.(
l978
) M
assi
f C
enta
l •3
00
(by
Sm
all
intr
usiv
e bo
dies
, M
arge
ride
, A
lso
in a
nate
ctic
Vel
ay g
rt;
Pal
m(l
954)
;Did
ier
( 196
4);C
outu
rie(
1977
);S
abat
ier
(197
8,19
80);
Alb
arM
e &
I (
Ctv
enne
s, e
tc
anal
ogy)
en
clav
es in
gra
nito
ids
Mt.L
ozer
e ty
pe l
ocal
itY a
t Vau~ntrav
Wei
sbro
d_{l
981)
; M
onte
! &
Wei
sbro
d(J9
86);
Mic
hon
(198
7);
Mon
te!
(198
8'
Vos
ges*
•3
00
(by
Sil
l-li
ke b
ody
para
llel
t
Cre
tes
Dur
bach
ites
, la
mps
, G
agny
(19
78);
And
re (
1981
) analo~vi
neis
sose
ban
ding
_ I ~ranitoid
vau~mtes
Bat
jber
g -4
45
(K
-R
ound
ed b
lock
s in
B
atbj
erg
Ver
y si
mila
r to
Sco
ttis
h B
rook
s et
al.
(l98
1)
Ar,
RbS
r vo
lcan
ic v
ents
I p
xnt-
i 'ol
ite
Cal
edon
ian
exam
ples
B
iell
a (I
vrea
-•2
80
A
ppin
ite
dyke
s, s
tock
s;
Var
ious
A
ppin
ites
/lam
ps b
rack
et
Buf
ficr
e (1
964)
; B
oria
ni &
Sac
chi
(197
3);
Bor
iani
et a
l.(l
974)
; G
iobb
i V
erba
no z
one)
' va
riou
s)
"lam
p" d
yke-
swar
ms
rani
loid
s I ~ranitoids· d
eep-
seat
ed
high
-T
Ori
goni
et
al.(
l975
199
0)
Bcr
gcn
430±
10
Old
est p
an o
f co
mpl
ex
Sun
nhor
dlan
N
umer
ous
gran
itoi
ds p
ostd
ate
And
erse
n &
Jan
sen
(198
7)
sequ
ence
of
gbr
and
dio
gran
itoid
lg
br,
dio,
oos
sibl
e "a
poin
ites
" B
inda
! 39
9±10
Si
ngle
ken
talle
nite
, B
inda
! T
rans
ition
al r
ocks
, xe
nolit
hs,
Nor
dgul
en &
Mit
chel
l (1
988)
~Ar~
num
erou
s _a
pgin
ite i
nrr.
gran
itoi
d as
sim
ilati
on w
ith ~
rani
toid
s
Sm
ola-
Hit
ra
Ord
o-S
mal
l ir
regu
lar
Sm
0Ia-
Hit
ra
Hb-
phyr
ic u
ltra
maf
ic t
o di
o G
autn
eb (
1987
) vi
cian
in
trus
ions
, dyk
es
rani
toid
ro
cks;
ass
oc. i
ntru
sive
bre
ccia
s F
inis
terr
e ~300 (
by E
ncla
ves
(a f
ew m
etre
s F
inis
terr
e Va
ugn~
rite
s, s
imila
r to
tho
se
Gil
lba
rguc
hi (
1981
); G
illb
argu
chi
et a
l.(l
984)
an
alog
y)
lol!&
l_in
2-m
ica_
Nan
ites '
.&ra
nito
id
of
Vel
av (
Fran
ce)
Dod
oma,
A
rcha
ean
Plu
gs w
ith i
ntru
sion
L
ate
orog
eni
Ass
oc.g
rani
toid
s an
d E
ades
& R
eeve
s (1
938)
; W
ade
& O
ates
(19
38)
Sin
gida
are
as
lr~2
600l
br
ecci
as in
cra
ton
rani
toid
s sv
e-N
e-sv
e in
trus
ions
L
upa
gold
fiel
d , A
rcha
ean
Stoc
ks,
sills
, en
clav
es
Chu
nza,
G
rada
tion
al t
o la
mps
; cl
osel
y T
eal
et a
l.(l
935)
; S
kerl
& O
ates
(19
38);
Har
ris
(198
1);
quar
ter
degr
ee s
heet
s L
akt!
_Ruk
wa
1<~2600)
if! g
rani
toid
s of
crat
on
Nsa
rnva
~rt
assoe.late-oro~enic ~r
anit
oids
20
8-11
, 22
7-9,
244
-5
Not
e: T
able
Cl
cove
rs r
ocks
acc
ompa
nyin
g C
AL
; en
trie
s m
arke
d •
appe
ar in
bot
h C
l an
d C
5
~ r ;J> ~ 0 :g ;a tr1 "'
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
O
ccu
rren
ce
Tar
vllil
ia
Kon
se
Kin
yang
uku,
F
ig,2
.1)
Mta
ndu
etc.
T
anza
rtia
N
yanz
ian
Mus
oma
field
, F
ig.2
.1)
Spek
e G
ulf
Tan
zani
a U
saga
ran
Mso
wer
o [(
Fig.
2.1)
U
K
Cal
edon
ides
She
tland
Is.
• [(
Scot
land
I (F
ig.2
.6)
mai
nlan
d)
UK
C
aled
onid
es
Gra
mpi
an
[(Sc
otla
nd [
(Fi~
.2.6
) Hi
~hla
nds*
UK
C
aled
onid
es
NE
Hig
hlan
ds*
Scot
land
Fi
g.2.
6)
UK
C
aled
onid
es N
W
Scot
land
Fi
g.2.
6)
Hig
hlan
ds*
UK
C
aled
onid
es S
W H
ighl
ands
Sc
otla
nd
Fig.
2.6)
I (
Col
onsa
y)•
UK
C
aled
onid
es S
W H
ighl
ands
Sc
otla
nd
Fig.
2.6)
[(
Cow
al)*
U
K
Cal
edon
ides
SW
Hig
hlan
ds
II Sc
otla
nd 1
1Fig
.2.6
)_
(Eti
ve)•
U
K
Cal
edon
ides
SW
Hig
hlan
ds
IISc
otla
nd
Fig.
2.6)
_ (L
ocha
ber)
• U
K
Cal
edon
ides
W H
ighl
ands
Sc
otla
nd [
(Fig
.2.6
) A
rdgo
ur)•
U
K
Cal
edon
ides
S W
Hig
hlan
ds
Scot
land
Fi
~.7.
1)
I lApp
in)•
U
K
Cal
edon
ides
A
ids-
New
ry•
(Uls
ter)
Fi
g.2.
6)
Zam
bia
-A
berc
orn/
Fi
g.2.
1)
Kas
arna
£ ~ ..
... ~ .
....
..
._.,
_..
, ',,_..._.~~~'V•~...._. ._.._....,.,,,,,_,,,~.._.H~•• ~ ....
. ~
... ,~
•o
...... ~ ..
... ~ .....
... ~... . ...
... . ...
..........
..........
.........
...
Age
,Ma
For
m
Ass
. plu
ton
C
om
men
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(+ll
owes
&
M
cArt
hu
r 1
97
6;W
rig
ht
&
llow
es
1979
j
< 1
800
Plu
gs,
sills
; in
trus
ive
Nya
mi
Dif
fere
ntia
ted
sill,
ken
talle
nite
W
hitt
ingh
am (
1959
); M
einh
old
(197
0);
Gab
ert (
1973
);
brec
cias
in c
rato
n sy
enite
at
bas
e· a
ppin
ite
stoc
ks
cf.
Cah
en e
t al
.(l9
84)
Arc
haea
n S
mal
l st
ocks
with
L
ate
gn o
f A
ssoc
iate
d w
ith s
pess
artit
es
Sto
ckle
y (1
936)
=2
600)
br
ecci
as
Dod
oman
an
d vo
gesi
tes
Prot
ero-
2 la
rge
kent
alle
nite
M
sow
ero
Syen
ite-p
erid
otite
-app
initi
c Fo
zzar
d (1
965)
; G
aben
(197
3)
zoic
I p
lugs
(>3
km
acr
oss)
sy
enito
id
com
plex
..<
!Oil
(by
Sm
all
com
plex
plu
tons
B
rae
Seve
ral
othe
r gr
anito
ids
Myk
ura
(197
6);
Fli
nn (
1988
) an
alog
y)
grar
titoi
d ac
com
part
ied
by a
ppin
itic
rock
..<
!Oil
(by
Enc
lave
s in
plu
tons
; G
len
Ban
vie
CA
enc
lose
d w
ithin
D
eer
(195
0,19
53);
Hol
gate
(19
50);
Har
ry (
1952
); M
arst
on (
1971
) an
alo~
y)
sepa
rate
she
ets,
sill
s T
ilt,F
oyer
s fm
er-~
rain
ed d
iori
tes
..<!O
il (b
y N
umer
ous
pipe
s in
M
igda
le,
Ach
'uai
ne h
ybri
ds:
ulua
rnaf
ic-
Peac
h et
al.
(l91
2,p.
l28)
; R
ead
etal
.(l9
25,p
.45;
192
6,p.
l54f
f);
Rea
d (1
931,
an
alog
y)
seve
ral
clus
ters
R
ogan
grt
acid
bod
ies
cut b
y la
mp
dyke
s p.
l65)
;Ma(
194
8 );
Smith
( 197
9);B
row
n( 19
83 );
Fow
ler(
198
8);J
ohn
ston
e( 19
89)
..<!O
il (b
y E
ncla
ves
in d
iori
te;
Rat
agai
n,
Isol
ated
bod
ies
and
mas
ses
Nic
holl
s (1
950)
; A
lder
ton
(198
8);
Moo
rhou
se &
Moo
rhou
se (
1988
) an
alog
y)
sate
llit
e pi
pes
Ben
Loy
al
asso
ciat
ed w
ith ~ra
nito
ids
400o
r Pi
pes
at B
alna
hard
, 7
Kilo
ran
pipe
sho
ws
com
plex
R
eyno
lds
(193
6);
Ben
tley
et a
l.(l
988)
; D
urra
nce
& K
eare
y (1
988)
; R
ock
600?
K
ilora
n, S
cala
saig
;dyk
e ap
pini
te-s
yeni
te r
elat
ions
hips
19
89b)
..<
!Oil
(by
Enc
lave
s in
plu
tons
, A
rroc
har,
CS
are
fmc-
grai
ned
equi
vale
nts
And
erso
n (1
935a
,193
7a);
Noc
kold
s (1
941)
an
alog
y)
mar
gins
of
sate
llite
s G
arab
al H
ill
of a
ppin
ites
..<!O
il (b
y Is
olat
ed p
ipes
at
Gle
n ?G
len
Etiv
e S
yeni
tes
with
app
inite
s an
d K
ynas
ton
& H
ill (
1908
); B
owes
et a
l.(l
963)
; C
ondl
iffe
(19
76)
analQ
&Y
} C
ham
an, G
len
Orc
hy
lgra
rtito
id
brec
cias
..<
!()(
)(by
Enc
lave
s ne
ar c
onta
cts
Ben
Nev
is,
Som
e sk
arn-
like
enc
lave
s m
ay
Has
lam
(19
70);
Pla
tten
(19
82a)
an
alog
y)
of g
rart
itoid
pha
ses
Gle
nCoe
no
t be
mag
mat
ic
..<!O
il(by
Enc
lave
s in
all
mru
n S
uont
ian
Spe
ssan
ite
dyke
s al
so a
s M
acG
rego
r &
Ken
nedy
(19
31);
Sab
ine
(196
3)
anal
ogy)
I ph
ases
of
plut
on
rarti
toid
en
clav
es in
gra
nito
id p
luto
n ..<
!()()
> 10
0 pi
pe·<
:am
plex
es
Bal
lach
ulis
h, A
ppin
ite/k
enta
llert
ite ty
pe-l
ocs
Wal
ker(
J927
);B
owes
& W
righ
t(l9
6!,1
965,
1967
);B
owes
(J96
2);B
owes
et a
l I<
K-A
r) A
rshe
al
Dur
or e
tc.)
Eti
vem
la
mps
fon
m m
argi
ns t
o pi
pes
I096
4);W
esto
ll &
Mil
ler(
l969
);R
ice
& D
avie
s(l9
79);
Pla
tten
(l98
2b 1
984)
..<
!Oil
(by
Mar
gina
l B
i-px
nt &
N
ewry
N
o !I
ue a
ppin
ites
occu
r K
enna
n (1
979)
; M
eigh
an &
Nee
son
(197
9)
anal
ogy)
ot
her
appi
nitic
roc
ks
lgra
rtito
id
? V
ario
us
"mat
ched
alm
ost
exac
tly
Dea
ns (
1938
) I g
rani
toid
s am
ong
the
Scot
tish
appi
nite
s"
~ ~ z tJ n tr1
Ul
N 8)
Co
un
try
Anl
arct
ica
Ant
arcl
ica
Au
stra
lia
(NS
W)
Au
stra
lia
(SA
)
Aus
tral
ia
(WA
-of
fsho
re)
Bra
zil
(MG
)
Can
ada
(Lab
rad<
rJ
Can
ada
(Ont
ario
)
Can
ada
(Ont
ario
)
Egy
pt
Fin
land
(M
iddl
e)
Ger
man
y (F
DR
)
HW
1gar
y
.I.U
O.,
HV
..
....
....
..
..,_
__
V,I
I.I
..I.I
U'v
U l~U . .i'
\.'v
U
Vl
U<
.U,,
;H
UV
ll"
-'
V'v
VU
'''-
''''
-"
-'"
' 'v
V.'
vl.
.LII ~nV
V'-
"''"'~'-'
.U.U
OI
IV
II
l.'v
IJ
IU
.OI ..
.. I
IV
.J
Pro
vin
ce
Occ
. A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m
Co
mm
en
ts
Ref
eren
ces
(•
-m
ain
ly
to
Incl
usi
on
s)
-R
adok
Lak
e R
•1
10
A
M S
ills
, "M
onch
iqui
tes"
cla
ssif
y as
UD
on
Wal
ker
& M
ond
(197
1);
Rav
ich
et a
l.(l
985,
p.2
06ff
) (F
igs.
2.2
& (
Bea
ver)
, Pr
. (K
-Ar)
U
P
thin
M
DA
and
min
eral
ogy;
UP
sil
ls,
2.3)
C
harl
es M
tn
UD
dy
kes,
U
D d
ykes
/pip
es;
rich
ly x
enol
ithi
c -
Ves
tfol
d R
1
AS
#dyk
e. A
ssoc
iate
d c
arbo
nale
·ric
h br
ecci
as·
Del
or e
t al.
(199
0);
Col
lers
on &
She
rato
n (1
986)
; S
hera
ton
et a
l.(l
987)
(F
igs.
2.2
& H
ills
U
D
form
erly
"al
kali
ne d
ykes
"; m
any
2.3)
as
soc.
tho
leii
tic
dyke
s o
f va
r. a
ge
Tas
man
K
elly
s P
oint
R
Pen
ni a
n A
C
Loc
al
WR
ch
em,
min
eral
ogy
in e
very
C
happ
ell
& W
hite
(19
76);
unp
ubl.
data
F
old
Bel
t (p
aleo
mag
) cs
dyk
e-re
spec
t tr
ansi
tion
al t
o C
AL
; ri
chl
Fig
.2.8
) or
Ter
tiar
y:
swan
n xe
nol
ith
ic;
inva
de
_grt
plu
ton
s O
rror
oo
Eur
elia
/ s
•170
(K-A
r K
2? B
elt
of
For
mer
ly "
larn
prop
hyti
c cb
t,
Tuc
ker
& C
olle
rson
(19
72);
Col
ches
ter
(197
3);
Fer
guso
n et
al.
(197
9);
Fer
guso
n &
She
rato
n (F
igs.
2.3
& T
erow
ie/
UA
dy
kes,
ki
mbe
rlit
e'',e
tc.;
som
e m
ay b
e (1
979)
; S
trac
ke e
t al
.(l9
79);
AJ.
AJa
nse
& C
.B.S
mit
h (p
ers.
com
m.
1989
) 2.
8)
Wal
low
ay
KU
I pl
ugs
true
kim
berl
itcs
, ot
hers
UM
L,
cbt
C.A
ustr
alia
E
del
No.
I R
l M
esoz
oic
CM
N
o A
ssoc
.pho
noli
tes,
tra
chyt
es;
WR
L
e M
aitr
e (1
975)
M
obil
e B
elt
bore
hole
(p
roba
bly
cv i
nfor
m
chem
, m
iner
al a
nd a
ssoc
iati
on in
F
ig.2
.8)
=16
0)
at io
n ev
ery
resp
ect
tran
siti
onal
to
AL
B
razi
lian
A
lto
L
80-8
7 A
M D
ykes
, P
oorl
y kn
own;
cbt
, "m
onch
iqui
tic
Svi
sero
et
al.(
l983
); T
ompk
ins
(198
7)
(Fig
s.2.
2 &
Par
anai
ba
or
(K-A
r)
Kl
pipe
s la
rnpr
ophy
re,
larn
prop
hyti
c-ty
pc
2.3)
I (
Can
as,
etc.
) s
UA
ro
ck"
as w
ell
as t
rue
kirn
berl
ites
O
ttaw
a-A
illi
k B
ay
s ·5
70
A
S
Cen
tra'
Man
y ro
cks
tran
siti
onal
AS
/UD
; K
ranc
k (1
939,
1953
); H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.320
); K
ing
& M
cMil
lan
(197
5);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.ll5
);
StL
awre
nce
(K-A
r)
UA
dy
ke-
asso
c. o
lder
''v
oges
ites
, rn
inet
tes,
F
oley
(19
84);
Mal
pas
et a
l.(l
986)
; *M
itch
ell
(198
7,p.
40);
cf.
Ber
gman
(19
87,
p.l
28
) I f
Fig
.2.9
) U
D
swan
m
odin
ites
" =
1470
Ma
(Tab
le C
2)
E.O
ntar
io/
Nem
ego-
s ~1010
AM
L
amps
rep
rese
nt p
enul
tim
ate
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.3
96);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
.87)
; S
age
(198
7b)
W.Q
uebe
c se
nla
(K-A
r,
UA
ph
ase
of
com
plex
(on
ly
ICFi
g.2.
9)
Rb-
Sr)
ca
lcit
e-ch
lori
te v
ein
s ar
e la
ter)
N
ipis
sin
g C
alla
nder
s
=57
0 A
S M
any
Lam
ps
pare
ntal
to
fen
ite-
Cur
rie
& F
ergu
son
(197
0);
Fer
guso
n &
Cur
rie
(197
1,19
72);
Cur
rie
(197
6, p
. 72
); C
ulle
rs &
(F
igs.
2.2
& B
ay
(K-A
r)
AM
dyk
es
carb
onat
ite-
trac
hyte
com
plex
; M
edar
is (
1977
); E
by (
1980
) 2.
9)
uo
som
e "m
onch
iqui
tes"
-U
O
1 A
ss w
an &
A
1
AC
>
38
CA
L m
ay r
elat
e to
gra
nito
ids,
AL
Leh
man
n (1
977)
; B
asta
et a
l.(l
985)
; E
yal
& E
yal
(198
5)
(Fig
.2.1
) E
aste
rn
cs
dyke
s,
to a
lkal
ine
rin
g-co
mp
lexe
s, I
.e.
Des
ert
CK
1
4lo
c th
e tw
o m
ay b
e to
tall
y un
rela
ted
-H
auk
ives
i,
R
=18
30
AC
42
"C
arnp
toni
tes"
= C
S; m
iner
alog
y H
ackm
ann
(191
4);
Hti
hma
(198
1);
Lau
kkan
en &
Mllk
ipl!
ll (1
983)
; L
aukk
anen
(19
87)
(Fig
s.2.
1 &
Pie
lave
si,
(U-P
b in
C
K
dyke
s /a
ge n
ot w
ell
know
n; m
ay b
e 2
2.2)
Nilsi~.
etc.
zi
rcon
) C
M
CA
L/A
L g
roup
s o
f di
ffer
ent
ages
R
hine
K
aise
rstu
hl
S6
Oli
goce
ne
AM
Dyk
e,,
"Ber
gali
tes"
-U
P;
asso
c. w
ith
Soe
llne
r (1
913,
1939
); H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
. 57
,436
); W
inom
enau
er (
1966
;197
3b,p
.31;
1974
);
Gra
ben
-Mio
cene
U
P
Dec
ker melilitites,cb~phon,tephrite,etc.;
Hub
bene
n et
al.
(I98
8)
I (F
ig.2
.12)
-t
uff
AM
pre
date
but
UP
pos
tdat
e cb
t -
Bud
a/V
elen
e< S
69
-77
AM
Dyk
e-D
ata
mos
tly
from
I 1
bor
ehol
es;
Horv~th
& O
do
r (1
984)
; K
ubov
ics
et a
l.(l
985,
1989
); S
zab6
(19
85,1
986)
; D
obos
i &
Horv~th
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Hil
ls,
Tra
ns-
(K-A
r)
AC
sw
anru
on
ly 2
out
crop
s;
tran
siti
on s
erie
s (1
988)
da
nube
Mtn
s --
l)O
J>
<etw
ccn
UM
L/ A
L;
asso
ciat
ed
NB
. C
oinc
iden
tal j
uxta
posi
tion
s o
f la
mpr
ophy
res
kn
ow
n to
be
of
diff
eren
t ag
es a
re N
OT
cov
ered
, bu
t so
me
may
be
incl
uded
for
lac
k o
f dar
a
~
N r > ~ 0 :g -< ;<
) ti
l "'
Co
un
try
P
royi
nce
Indi
a -
(And
hra
(Fig
.2.1
3)
Pra
desh
) In
dia
Indi
an
(Ass
am)
Gon
dwan
as
Fi~.2.13)_
Indi
a In
dian
(B
ihar
) G
ondw
anas
F
ig.2
.13)
In
dia
Indi
an
(Bil
w)
Gon
dwan
as
I 1Fi
g.2.
13)
Indi
a In
dian
(B
ilw
) G
ondw
anas
Fi
g.2.
13)
Indi
a D
ecca
n (M
aha-
(Fig
.2.1
3)
ra'ih
tra)
Indi
a In
dian
(W
est
Gon
dwan
as
Beng
_al)
i(Fi
g.2.
13)
Italy
V
enel
ian
(Fig
.2.1
2)
Ital
y V
enet
ian
(Val
le
(Fig
.2.4
&
d'A
osta
) 2.
12)
Ivor
y -
Coa
st
Fi~.
2.4)
Ken
ya
E.A
fric
an
Rif
t i(
Fig.
2.3)
M
alaw
i C
hilw
a (F
igs.
2.2
&
2.3)
N
ew
-Z
eala
nd
(Fig
s.2.
2,
·-
2].
.2.J
L_
• .. ..
., .. ,
'-'"
'-''
.._
..'"
' .. ~~
_.,,,....,.....,
• ,._._..~,_,._. v~
....
...._
. '"''~"-" "·
"-'•
v
..... ~ ..
. ~• '-
'"'"
"-''-'
...,
...,
• ••
a.L
u
....
. v
......
..
....
....
..
....
....
. ~ '-
' u
• ..
, ..
, ...
....
....
....
....
.
De
c.
As
Ag
e,M
a L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (*
=
mai
nly
to
incl
usio
ns)
Waj
raka
rur/
R
90
0-10
00
KU
8
pipe
s T
erm
ed ''
kim
berl
ites,
oliv
ine-
Rao
& P
hadt
re(1
966)
;Ana
nd(1
971)
;Ano
n(19
71);
Mur
thy
(197
7);B
alas
ubra
luna
nyan
eta
!.( 1
97M
): L
atta
vara
m/
(K-A
r)
UA
in
bel
t 1a
rnpr
oite
s" e
tc.;
geoc
hem
istr
y &
A
kella
et a
i.(19
79):
Nag
abhu
shan
arn(
1985
):G
upta
et a
l.(19
86);
Gup
ta S
arm
a et
a1.
(198
6):
*Neh
ru
Muri
~iri
pall
U
.?
min
eral
ogy
tran
sitio
nal
(Fig
.5.5
b &
Red
dy[1
989)
;Red
dv(l9
86-7
);Gan
_g_u
ly &
Bha
ttach
arva
(l98
7l:S
cott
Smith
(198
9)
E.H
imal
ayas
L
•121
C
M S
ills
, do
min
antly
CM
, bu
t m
any
Ach
aryy
a (1
969)
; Sa
rkar
et a
l.(l
980)
; Pa
ul &
Pot
ts (
1981
); P
aul
& S
arka
r (1
984)
co
allie
ld,
(K-A
r)
LL
dy
kes
tran
sitio
nal r
ocks
and
som
e D
arje
elin
g_
uneq
uivo
cal
LL:
mos
t of
the
I I B
okar
o L
C
reta
ceou
s C
M S
ills
, So
-<:a
lled
"mic
a-pe
rido
tites
" ar
e M
ukhe
rjee
(19
61);
Gup
ta &
Yag
i (!
980,
p.7
8);
Sark
ar e
t a1.
(198
0);
Paul
& P
otts
(19
81);
Paul
co
allie
ld
(by
u.
dyke
s be
st d
escr
ibed
as
LO
, th
ough
&
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Mid
dlem
ost e
t al.(
1988
); R
ock
& P
aul
(198
9);
Scot
t Sm
ith (
1989
) an
alog
y)
tran
sitio
nal
to K
IL i
n ch
emis
try
Dha
lbhu
m/
L
Cre
tace
ous
CM
Dyk
es
Ext
ensi
ons
of m
ain
coal
field
s B
isw
as &
Ray
(!9
52);
Sub
ram
anya
m &
Nan
dan
(196
1);
Paul
& S
arka
r (1
984)
G
irid
ih
(by
u la
mps
co
allie
ld
anal
ogy)
)h
aria
L
10
5-11
3 C
M S
ills,
Se
e pr
evio
us e
nLrie
s; ou
tlier
s Fo
x (1
930)
; Sh
arm
a (!
939)
; G
hose
(19
49):
San
yal
(196
1,19
64):
Par
eek
(196
6):
Sark
ar e
t al.
coal
field
(K
-Ar)
L
L
dyke
s oc
cur
at C
hhip
ia,
Mirz
.apu
r (1
980)
: Pa
ul &
Pot
ts (
1981
); S
ingh
(19
81);
Gup
ta &
Yag
i (1
980)
; G
upta
et a
l.(19
83):
Pau
l &
di
sLri
ct, e
tc.
Sar
kar(
l984
); M
iddl
emos
t et
al.(1
988)
; R
ock
& P
aui(
1989
);R
ock
et a
l.(l9
90)
Bom
bay/
W
R6
Ter
tiary
A
C
Maj
or
Som
e m
iscl
assi
fied
(T
able
C8)
; A
uden
(19
49);
Suk
hesw
ela
& P
olde
vaan
(19
48):
Suk
hesw
ela
& S
ethn
a (1
962)
; D
eshp
ande
&
coas
t (Pa
rol,
(=60
) A
M d
yke-
trans
i tio
na!
AL
/UM
L;
asso
c C
hakr
anar
ayan
(19
73);
Cha
tterj
ee (
1974
); D
essa
i (19
85,1
987)
; M
ahon
ey e
t al.(
1985
); K
ochh
ar
Mur
ud, e
tc,)
UD
sw
arm
te
ohri
ohon
olite
, ne
phel
inite
olu~s 1
0987
): R
ock
& P
aul
(198
9):
Seth
na (
1989
);_D
essa
i et
al.
(l99
0)
Ran
igan
j L
11
0-11
2 C
M S
ills
, Fo
m1e
rly t
erm
ed "
glim
mer
ite,
Gee
(19
32):
Sha
rma
& S
ubra
rnan
yam
(19
52);
Ban
erje
e (1
953)
; G
anju
& P
ant (
1962
): G
upta
&
coal
f•el
d (K
-Ar)
u
. dy
kes
lam
prop
hyre
, le
uciti
te, m
ica-
Yag
i (1
980,
p.7
8);
Sark
ar e
t al.(
1980
); P
aul
& P
otts
(19
81);
Pau
l &
Sar
kar
(198
4);
Mid
dlem
os1
peri
dotit
e, m
onch
iqui
te",
etc
.; et
al.(
1988
); R
ock
& P
aul
(198
9);
Sco
tt S
mit
h (1
989)
A
ltipi
ano
di
R
Post
-A
C
Dyk
es
Mos
t "a
nkar
alri
tes"
hav
e es
sent
ial
Vec
chi
(196
6):
Pier
i et
al.(
1969
) T
onez
za/
Olig
ocen
e A
M
Am
and
are
bet
ter
term
ed U
O;
Posi
na V
all.
uo
asso
c. a
lkal
i ba
salts
N
WA
lps
Bl
29-3
3 C
M D
ykes
, A
u ve
ins
coev
al w
ith l
amps
; C
M
Mar
co (
1958
): D
alP
iaz
et a
l.(19
79);
Ven
ture
lli e
t al.(
1984
b);
Wag
ner
& V
elde
(19
85);
Dia
rnon
< (B
iella
, Pla
n A
I (K
-Ar)
cv
?ra
re
tran
sitio
nal
toL
L:
ands
, hi
gh-K
&
Wie
denb
eck
(198
6)
d'A
ibar
d,et
c.
LC
la
vas
ands
lav
as·
sve,
mon
z, g
rt s
tock
s B
obi,
R
1150
-143
0 K
U
Dyk
es,
Form
erly
"m
etak
imbe
rlite
", "
miC
l' B
arde
t & V
ache
tte (
1966
): K
nopf
(19
70);
Bar
det (
1974
); M
itche
ll (1
986,
p.2
8)
Scgu
cla
(K-A
r)
LO
so
me
~per
idot
ite"
, ''f
ill.r
oyitc
", "
nln6
ite"
UL
sh
cam
J ch
emic
ally
tra
nsiti
onal
(Fi
~.5.
5b)
Hom
a B
ay
56 T
ertia
ry
KU
C
lust
e T
erm
ed "
kim
berl
ites"
(It
o),
UM
L
Ito (
1986
): D
awso
n (1
989)
(B
ondo
&
of
(Daw
son)
: A
m a
bund
ant;
Yal
a)
pipe
s ch
emic
ally
tra
nsiti
onal
(Fi
g.5.
5b
Chi
lwa
Is./
s Ju
rass
ic
AC
C
entr
a "B
efor
sitic
lam
prop
hyre
s"=
UA
: G
arso
n (1
962,
1965
a,b;
1966
); G
arso
n &
Cam
pbel
l Sm
ith (
1965
); H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.522
);
Tun
dulu
(=
130)
U
A
dyke
-on
e la
te p
lug
AC
at C
hilw
a Is
; W
oolle
y &
Jon
es (
1987
, p.
339,
348-
9)
UL
swar
m
lam
ps=
late
st m
aRm
atis
m i
n ar
ea
Hoh
unu/
R3
84-
90 (
fie!
AC
M
ajor
T
rach
ytes
, rhy
olite
s, e
tc;
CA
L/A
l H
ende
rson
(19
I7):
Was
hing
ton
(191
7);
Nat
han
(196
8);
Pira
jno
(198
2); T
ullo
ch (1
984)
: Coo
per
Bul
ler
(inc
. da
ta,K
-Ar ,
CM
dyk
e-sw
arm
s m
ay b
e of
dif
fere
nt a
ges;
et
al.(
1987
) R
eefto
n)
alae
omag
) cv
sw
anru
ass
ocia
ted
Au
min
eral
izat
ion
?; "" tr1 8 ()
tr1
(/)
8}
&U
UU
,.•
'-'V
o -V
II&
LIIII'-
'U.I
IU
"'-
'U
V&
1
.-lU
.II,
:,I\
.,lV
IIU
.& ~\.oU&l .
... l
l'-"
"',
;,
....
VY
...
. lL
IIF
. '-"
V V
I
IU
Vl
....
U
.UIJ
IV
IJ
II
l ..
..
Vlu
..ll
\.o
ll..
.,..
, C
ou
ntr
y
Pro
vin
ce
Occ
. A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
Fo
rm
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (*
=
m
ainl
y to
in
clus
ions
) I ~
New
-
Alp
ine
S4
20-2
5 A
C
Dyk
es,
Inte
nse
regi
onal
dyk
e-sw
arm
with
Tur
ner
(193
2);
Hut
ton
(194
0);
Mas
on (
1961
); G
rind
ley
(196
3);
Wel
lman
& C
oope
r (1
971)
; Z
eala
nd
(Fig
s.2.
2,
swar
m, H
aas
(K-A
r, A
M a
few
as
soc.
cbt
,ting
, bre
ccia
s; p
revi
ous
Wal
lace
(197
5); B
arre
iro
(198
3);
Coo
per (
1971
,197
9,19
86);
Bar
reir
o &
Coo
per (
1987
); C
oope
r [(
Ota
go)
2.3
2.8)
{B
urke
Riv
er
Rb-
Sr)
uo v
ents
I I C
reta
ceou
s) a
ges
inco
rrec
t et
al.(
l987
); B
rodi
e &
Coo
per (
1989
) N
orw
ay
Fenn
o-L
erke
haug
, R
6 <
688
A
M =
10
Met
amor
phos
ed;
may
be
sim
ilar
And
reas
son
et a
l.(l9
79);
Mit.
chel
l & R
ober
ts (
1986
); D
.Rob
erts
(pe
rs.c
onun
.) Sc
andi
an?
(Viv
e,
(Ar-
Ar)
U
A
dyke
s ag
e to
Fen
, etc
; an
alys
es d
cfm
e I (F
ig.2
.2/3
) B
ruem
), tw
o gr
oups
of
AL
and
UM
L Po
rtug
al
Iber
ian
Sine
s M
t =7
2 A
C
Cen
tra
"Spe
ssar
tites
" ha
ve n
orm
ativ
e N
e, C
artil
ho (
1971
); R
ock(
I982
b)
(Ale
ntej
o) (
Fig.
2.12
) (R
b-Sr
) ?C
K d
ykes
pr
obab
ly A
L; "
kers
antit
es m
ay b
e I g
enui
ne; o
vers
at. s
ve c
ompl
ex
Rou
rnar
ti• -
Faga
ras
M
Post
-A
C
Dyk
es
May
be
two
sepa
rate
sui
tes,
one
A
nton
& C
onst
antin
escu
(I 9
77)
Mtn
s.
Lia
ssic
A
M
poss
ibly
rel
ated
to D
itro
neph
elin
cs
sy
enite
com
plex
(T
able
C2}
S.
Afr
ica
Swar
t-'M
ale'
dyk
e,
R?
Mes
owic
K
2; D
ykes
, V
ario
usly
ter
med
"01
-Ph-
Le-
Skin
ner
& S
cott
(197
9);
Ber
gman
(19
87);
Daw
son
(198
0,19
89);
AJ.
AJa
nse
(per
s.co
nun.
, ru
ggen
s,
Hel
amm
ine;
U
A
vent
s la
mpr
oite
; Ph
-lam
p, S
a-L
e-la
mp"
· 19
89)
Pnei
l et
c.
Bas
ler's
min
LO
. as
soc.
def
inite
dia
mon
dife
rous
K2
S.A
fric
a C
ape
Bus
hman
lanC
L
5G-7
5 A
M B
elt o
f Fo
rmer
ly "
kirn
berl
ites"
etc
; roc
ks
Vis
ser
(196
4); M
cive
r (1
981)
; M
oore
& V
erw
oerd
(198
5)
(Cap
e (F
igs.
2.2
& /
Bitt
erfo
ntei
(v
ario
us
CK
. >27
0 ha
ve M
g-Il
,Cr-
Po,C
r-D
i bu
t no
Prov
ince
) 2.
3)
/Pof
adde
r m
etho
ds)
UA
•io
es
dms
01·
asso
c.cb
t 01
-mel
ilitit
es
S.A
fric
•. K
urw
nan
Dun
drum
/ R
•1
600
K1
2dyk
e: I
ntim
atel
y as
soci
ated
with
old
est
Shee
et a
l.( I
989)
(B
echu
a-(F
ig.2
.3)
Rir
ies
(K-A
r, U
A
know
n ki
rnbe
rlite
s na
land
) R
b-Sr
) S.
Afr
ica
"Pila
nes-
Gen
eral
M
14
6-14
20
AC
D
ykes
, T
erm
inol
ogy
conf
used
; se
vera
l W
agne
r (1
912)
; Hal
l (19
37);
Vis
ser
(196
4); F
ergu
son
(197
3)
s: ~ i "' (T
rans
-be
rg"
(Fig
s (D
erde
poor
te s
(mai
nly
AM
plu
gs
mag
mat
ic p
hase
s bu
t dat
a to
o va
al)
2.2
& 2
.3)
Gou
dini
,etc
. II
95-1
420
UL
sp
arse
to r
elat
e la
mps
to
each
one
U
K
Her
cyni
des
Cor
nish
A
I la
mp:
C
M D
ykes
So
me
CM
tra
nsiti
onal
toL
L;
true
Rei
d (1
906,
p.58
ff;I
910,
191
1,19
12);
Sm
ith (
1916
,192
9);
Flet
t &
Hill
(19
46);
Edm
onds
eta
!.
(Eng
land
) (F
igs.
2.4
& d
ykes
, =2
79;
LL
L
L a
t Pen
denn
is; a
ssoc
. gra
nito
id.
(196
9, p
.47)
; E
xley
& S
tone
(19
82);
Hal
l (1
982)
; Jon
es &
Sm
ith (
1985
); L
eal e
t ai.(
I987
);
2.5)
C
ornw
all
grt:=
282
of C
omub
ian
bath
olith
; Q
z-po
rph
Ber
gman
(I 9
87)
UK
H
ercy
nide
s E
xete
r tra
ps,
AI
lam
p:=
27
CM
Dyk
es,
Som
e C
M t
rans
ition
al t
oLL
; tru
e T
idm
arsh
(193
2); E
dmon
ds e
tal.
(I96
8, p
.I34
ff;
1969
, p.5
5);
Kni
ll (1
969,
1982
); V
elde
(19
7Ic)
(E
ngla
nd)
(Fig
s.2.
4 &
Dev
on
grt:
,282
L
L
?lav
as
LL
at H
olm
ead,
et.c
.; as
soc.
sho
sh C
osgr
ove
(197
2); J
ones
& S
mith
(19
85);
Tho
rpe
et a
l.(19
86);
Lea
t et a
l.(19
87)
2.5)
K
-Ar
abs
bas
lava
s C
omub
ian
bath
olith
U
SA
Oua
chita
s "V
"int
r/
M
Cre
tace
ous
AM
Dyk
es,
Ter
min
olog
y co
nfus
ed;
see
also
W
illia
ms
(189
0);
Mis
er &
Ros
s (1
923b
); C
rone
is &
Bill
ings
(19
29);
Tol
man
& L
ande
s (1
939)
(A
R)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
Perr
yvill
e/
R
(=10
0)
LO
pipe
s,
Prai
rie
Cre
ek in
Tab
le C
4 G
ordo
n et
ai.(
I958
); S
teel
e &
Wag
ner(
I979
); J
anse
& S
heal
wt (
1987
); M
orri
s(I9
87)
Ben
ton,
etc
s
UA
si
lls
USA
N
.Am
eric
an H
opi
But
tes
RI
Mid
dle
AM
300
A
ssoc
. U
dep
osits
; in
clud
es T
uba
Shoe
mak
er (
1956
); B
arri
ngto
n &
Ker
r (1
961,
1962
); S
hoem
aker
et a
i.(I9
62);
McB
irney
(19
63);
(AX
) C
ordi
llera
(i
nc. o
utlie
rs
Plio
cene
uo
ven
ts;
dyke
,etc
.;"N
e-m
onch
iqui
te"
= U
O H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.352
-3);
Wat
son
(196
7a);
Sud
a et
ai.(
I982
); A
li be
rt e
t al.(
I986
) 11
Fi2.
2.10
) nr
. Cam
eron
m
aars
unus
ual
AL
lava
s an
d py
rocl
astic
s U
SA
N.A
mer
ican
Nav
ajo
L
20-2
5 C
M S
ills,
>
30
CM
bod
ies;
"ka
tung
ites
"-[I
): W
illia
ms
(193
6);
Alle
n &
Bal
k (1
954)
; Sh
oem
aker
et a
i.(I9
62);
Wat
son
(196
7a);
(A
Z!C
O/
Cor
dille
ra
(Col
orad
o (K
-Ar)
UL
dyk
es,
UM
L; "
kim
berl
ites"
(no
w te
rmed
M
cGet
chin
& S
ilver
(197
0);
Nae
ser
(197
1);
Selu
nitt
et a
l.(I9
74);
Mey
er (1
976)
; Rod
en &
N
M/U
T)
[(Fi
g.2.
10)
Plat
eau)
U
P pi
pes,
"s
erpe
ntin
ite m
icro
brec
cias
'}re
l. Sm
ith (
1979
); R
oden
et a
l.(l9
79)
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
USA
N
.Am
eric
an
(AZ
/CO
/ C
ordi
llera
N
M/U
T)
I(Fi
g.2.
10)
USA
N
.Am
eric
an
(AZ
/CO
/ C
ordi
llera
N
M,IU
T)
I (Fi
g.2.
10)
U
SA
N.A
mer
ican
(C
O)
Cor
dille
ra
FiR
.2.1
0)
USA
N
.Am
eric
an
(CO
) C
ordi
llera
F
ig.2
.I0)
U
SA
N.A
mer
ican
(M
T)
Cor
dille
ra
Fig.
2.10
) U
SA
-(N
Y)
(Fig
.2.1
0)
USA
-
(NY
) (F
igs.
2.2,
2.
3 &
2.1
0 U
SS
R
Kol
a (F
igs.
2.2
&
2.3)
U
SS
R
Ald
an
Shie
ld
US
SR
M
eim
echa
-(S
iber
ia)
Kot
ui (
Figs
2.
2 &
2.3
)
-~·-~~
~· ~ ....
········~~· ...
.. ~ ....
........
....... ~
.....
.. ~ .....
....... '
"' .....
..........
..........
..........
...,
........
... ~.
~ ....
........
.. ,......
.. ......
. . ....
..
.... '"
'' .....
.....
Occ
. A
s A
ge,
Ma
L
For
m
Co
mm
ents
R
efer
ence
s (0
=
mai
nly
to
incl
usio
ns)
I N
avaj
o ve
nts
to C
M (
Mitc
l1el
l J9
86,p
.36,
151)
[2
]: G
upta
& Y
agi
(198
0, p
.63)
; A
oki
(198
1);
Del
aney
& P
olla
rd (
1981
); R
oden
(19
81);
Rog
er1
(con
tinue
d 2)
fo
rm 6
dia
trem
es a
t Bue
ll Pa
rk,
et a
l.(l9
82);
Jon
es &
Sm
ith (
1983
); L
augh
lin e
t al.(1985~.1989); V
anim
an e
t al.(
1985
);
Can
e V
alle
y, G
amet
Rid
ge
Gre
en M
cDow
ell e
t al
.(l9
86);
Esp
eran
ca &
Hol
low
ay (
!987
); A
Iibe
rt e
t al.(
1986
) I
Nav
ajo
Kno
bs,
Mul
e E
ar,
Mos
es R
ock;
[3
):M
cGet
chin
& S
ilver
(I97
2);H
elm
stae
dt &
Doi
g(J9
75);
Hel
mst
aedt
& S
chul
zc(I
979)
; I
(con
tinue
d 3)
re
fs l
iste
d co
ver:
[I]
serp
entin
ites;
E
hren
berg
(l97
9,19
82ab
);E
hren
berg
& G
riff
in(!
979)
;Sm
ith(!
979,
1987
);Pa
dova
ni &
Tra
cy
i 2]
min
eues
; *[
3] i
nclu
sion
s 19
81);S
mith
& E
hren
berg
(198
4);B
road
hurs
t(19
86);
Men
zies
et a
l.(l9
87a)
;Wils
hire
et a
l.(l9
89)
Cri
pple
M
28
-34
AM
Dyk
es
Ass
ocia
ted
wilh
pho
nolit
ic
Lin
dgre
n &
Ran
som
e (1
906)
; re
cent
unp
ubl.d
aUl
Cre
ek
(K-A
r) cv
su
bvol
cani
c co
mpl
ex;
gold
fiel
d;
I
uo
Fp
-fre
e "m
onch
iqui
te" =
UO
I Sp
anis
h A
I 20
-27
AC
93
0 sq
Ter
min
olog
y ve
ry c
onfu
sed;
dyk
e C
ross
(19
06);
Kno
pf (1
936)
; Jo
hnso
n (1
961,
1964
,196
8); J
oplin
(I9
66);
Pod
wys
ocki
& D
utch
er
Peak
s/T
wo
Bl
(fis
sion
C
M k
m
up t
o 1.
65 k
m lo
ng;
2 se
ts l
amps
(19
71);
Jahn
(19
73);
Jah
n et
al.(
J979
); S
mith
(19
87)
But
tes
~ack)
swar
m
EN
E c
ut b
y ra
dial
dyk
es)
Cas
tle M
tns.
AI
lam
p&
AM
Dyk
es
lam
p su
ppos
edly
int
rusi
ve
Wee
d &
Pir
sson
(I8
96)
grt:
CM
eq
uiva
lent
s of
bas
altic
flo
ws
Ter
tiary
cv
Ithac
a ar
ea
R
=155
K
U
Man
y Fo
rmer
ly
"kim
berl
ite, k
imbe
rliti
M
arte
ns (
I924
); W
atso
n (I
967b
); Z
artm
an e
t ai.(
I967
); M
eyer
(19
76);
Mitc
hell
(197
9,19
86);
(G
lenw
ood,
(K
-Ar,
dyke
s ro
ck,
alno
ite"
etc.
; ch
emic
ally
*K
ay e
t al.(
I983
); B
asu
et a
i.(I9
84);
*E
ggle
r et
al.(
I987
) Si
x M
ile
Rb-
Sr)
tran
sitio
nal
(Fig
.5.5
b);
??m
elili
te
Cor
tlan
dt-
M
430-
460
AC
B
elt o
f A
L re
i. B
eem
ervi
lle N
e-sy
e, C
AL
Aur
ouss
eau
& W
ashi
ngto
n (1
922)
; M
axey
(19
76);
Rat
clif
fe (
I981
); D
omen
ick
& B
asu
(198
2);
Bee
mer
ville
S
(K-A
r,Rb-
CK
dy
kes
to C
ortla
ndt c
ompl
ex;"
spes
sart
ite'
Rat
clif
fe e
t ai.(
J983
); B
ende
r et a
l.(I9
84)
com
plex
es
Sr,S
m-N
d\ c
s ~AC; R
oset
owr,
Sto
ny P
t.,et
c.
Cap
Tur
ij/
S7
=365
A
M D
yke-
Ass
ocia
ted
cbt,
turj
aite
, ijo
lite;
K
ranc
k (1
928)
; H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.451
); T
uttl
e &
Gitt
ins
(196
6, p
.505
); Po
pov
(196
7);
Mal
'kov
K
ovdo
zero
/ U
A
swar
m
Daw
son
(I 9
89)
rein
terp
rets
som
e (1
970)
; K
apus
tln (
1974
); B
orod
in &
Pya
teko
(19
78);
Kog
arko
(19
87)
Afr
ikan
da
UL
prev
ious
ly n
oted
dyk
es a
s U
ML
(Yakoku~
Po P
ipes
, C
M D
ykes
, Sm
all,
erod
ed v
olca
nic
field
s V
lady
kin
(198
5);
Bog
atik
ov e
t ai.(
I986
); V
ishn
evsk
ii et
al.(
I986
) M
urun
, et
c.)
st-
dyke
s L
L
pipe
s as
soci
ated
with
ultr
apot
assi
c M
i sv
eniti
c) p
luto
ns o
f A
ldan
Shi
eld
Gen
eral
s
Perm
o-A
M D
ykes
M
ajor
pro
vinc
e of
str
ongl
y H
einr
ich
(I96
6, p
.457
); E
goro
v (1
970)
T
rias
sic
UL
alka
line
com
plex
es
~ til a n tr1 "' ~ "'
Tab
le C
7. U
ncon
firm
ed o
ccur
renc
es of"lam~s
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccu
rren
ce
Ag
e,M
a I
Kn
ow
n
des
crlp
tlo
n(s
) I
Lam
ps
1 •
Ref
eren
ces
Arg
entin
a C
haia
n /6
6-75
CK
-Ar)
fF
feii
ticl
ine
basa
lt"
has
Bi-
tDl-
i-P
x+
Ne+
Pv
+t.
1t+
AC
iuo
f_l2
[w{
)()l
iey
!J9
ll7
,l'J
64
) A
rg_e
ntin
a L
as C
hacr
as
/81-
85 (
K-A
rL !"
Bas
alts
" an
d "n
ephe
hnit
es"
have
Jli
+A
c ei
c !A
M? _
_ I21Woolleyfl9~1~
A_!&
_ent
ina
San
Mi~l
__
l4t
.,Cr
etac
._I"
Bi~l
ile-
anal
cime
mon
chiq
ui[e
s"
_ !A
M? _
_ [I
[Qll
!!rl
ino
(I%
1);Q
uart
ino
& L
lam
bias
(l96
4);W
ooll
ey(1
987
A.!&
.cnt
ina
Sie
rra ~niY"!'l_?Cretas~us___j
"Bas
a_lt,
basa
nite
s" b
lllj>
ll_en
inc
lude
Am
, gd
Bi
I AC
? 12
1 W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.l
64
A..!_
g_cn
tina
•-
Pat
agon
ia
I? I"
Cam
pton
ite"
I A
C?
131 Wa
shin
~lOn
(19
17
Atl
anti
c O
cean
I?
Fal
klan
dls.
(UK
) I?
I"
Cam
pton
ite"
lA
C?
I31W
ashi
n~to
n(l9
!7
Aus
tria
I H
ercy
nide
s?
Tyr
ol
1?30
0 I"
Ker
sant
ite"
IC
K?
13/Washin~ton
(191
7 Br
:11.
il (I
I A)
I Bah
ia
liabu
na
/556
±20
(K
-Arl
/Cal
led
"ncp
hcli
nitc
s" b
ut h
ave
Kt+
Ne+
Pl+
Cb
lAC
? 12
/Woo
lley
(19
87,p
.175
B
r.v.
ii(G
O
Agu
a E
mcn
dada
I ?
Crc
1acc
ous
I" A
lnO
itc/
mon
chiq
uile
typ
e ro
cks"
I U
L/A
ivl?
/2/
\Voo
llcy
{l98
7,jJ
.l_19
)_
Bra
zii{
G_Q
l M
onte
s C
laro
s /~
89
/"M
onch
iqui
tes"
_
__
__
lA
M?
I2!W
ooll
ey (
1987
,l'J
11)_
B
razi
!iQ
QL
S
.Ant
onio
da
Bar
ra /
85-1
30 (
var .)
__j "
Four
chit
es~<
l_ m
on<:
!Ji<
tuite
s hy
pa!J
yss;
,l..I
avas
" I A
M?
121
Woo
lley
(19
87,p
.l79
) B
razi
UM
Ql_
B
ambu
i I ?
Cre
tace
ous
/"S
oda
min
ette
": Af+~+Am+Bi+Ne+Ac+access.
I CM
? 12
1 W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.1
81
Bra
zil(
MG
B
cbcd
ouro
do
Sal
itrd
? /"
Min
ette
" /C
M?
I21H
cinr
ich
(196
6, p
.412
B
razi
l (M
Gl
I Bra
zili
an
Ara
xa
187±
4 (K
-Ar)
I"
Lar
npro
phyr
ic t
ypes
" I A
L/U
ML
12/W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.1
81
Bra
zil (R
R
io B
onit
o 16~70 (
K-A
r)
!"M
inet
te"
dyke
s \A
LIU
ML
121W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.1
84
Bra
zil
(R.l
S
aori
nho
/?C
reta
ceou
s I"
Lam
prop
hyre
" \A
L/U
ML
121W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.1
84
Bra
zil
(R.l)
I B
razi
lian
C
abo
Fri
o 14
~70(
1<-A
r)
!"L
ampr
ophy
res"
lA
M?
I21W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.1
83
Bra
zil
<SPl
I B
razi
lian
Ja
cupi
rang
a /!
25-1
61(K
-Ar)
/Con
flic
tin~
:"ma
ny ...
mon
chiq
uite
s";
6km
"vo
gesi
te"
/AM
? \1
/Tut
tle
& G
ittu
iS(I
966,
p.!7
1,53
9);H
einr
ifh(
!96§
,]).
58~
Can
ada
(NW
1) I ?
E
lles
mer
e Is
. I?
I"
Ker
sant
ite"
IC
K?
I31W
ashi
ngto
n(i9
I7)
Can
aOa (
ON
" L
ake
Nos
bons
ing ~ -
---f
Larn
pro
ph
yrl
c d
ykes
"ass
ocia
tcdw
ith
fert
itiz
atlo
n--I
AWJ
.fL~
2I\V
ooll
ey(1
987,
p37)
C
anad
a (O
NT
) M
arti
son
Lak
e I
I "S
erpe
niin
i:zoe
d 6i
-Ph~
Cc "kirnberli~~oclcs"_ _
__ l!
Ml_
____
QJ W
ooll
ey (
198
7,p.
27)
Can
ada
(ON
T)
/7
Chi
pman
_!..a
ke
_I?
_
_ I S
ingl
edyk
e _of
"la
rn~o
phyr
e" o
r _"a
ll<al
lQl
diab
ase"
I A
L?
I II Sa
ge (
1985
) C
anad
a (O
NT
) /7
Sq
uaw
~e
_I?
l"
l.2
m w
ide
min
ette
-typ
e (b
ioti
tic)
lllllljlTOph~_MLfCAL7121Trowell (
1983
); S
age
(198
8d)
Cana
da (O
NI)
!J(
apus
kasi
ng
Big
Bea
ver
ho
use
_l =
10()
5(1<
-Arj
j Dy~()f "
higt
lly
alte
red
biot
ite larn~e"
I AL
/UM
L] II
Sage
(19
87c
Can
ada
(0N
1)
I Kap
uska
sing
P
rair
ie L
ake
I=11
12_\
K0A
r_lj
"M
ica anqp~er1e l
ampr
ophy
res"
/A
LIU
ML
12IC
urri
e (1
976,
p.9
7);
Woo
lley
(19
87,p
.24
Can
3da(
QI'
ITlj
Nip
issi
ng
Bur
ritt
Is.
I=5~
Sll1
Tle<
l)j "Larnproph~kes"
/AL
IUM
L12
/Lum
bers
(19
71);
Cur
rie
(197
6,p.
82);
Woo
lley
(19
87,p
.36
Canada~ !N
ipis
sing
Ir
on I
s.
I =57
Q(a
ssur
ne<l
l] ''V
ario
us ia
te larnJJr~ an
d ba
Sic
dyke
s''
I AL/
UML~
2ICu
rrie
(19
76,
p.82
); W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.3
5"
~INipissin~
Man
itou
Is.
l•
570(
assu
rn«!
2_I"
Num
erou
s la
mpr
ophy
ric .
. .dy
kes"
I A
LIU
ML
'.121
Hei
nric
h(l9
66,p
.389
);C
urri
e(19
76,p
.80)
;Woo
lley
(l98
i ,JJ-
36
Car
tada
<O
BC
) M
utto
n B
ay
/562
-577
(va
r.)
/"C
arbo
nate
-ric
h la
mpr
ophy
res"
I U
A?
12/W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.6
3 C
hile
/7
C
oqui
mbo
I?
I"
Kcr
sanl
itc"
_ J
C::K
? __
_131
\Vas
hing
ton
(l9
lll_
C
hina
(P
RC
) I?
K
aush
u I?
I"
Vo
gesi
te"-
_
__
__
_ _
_
!CV
? I3
1Was
hing
ton(
1917
C
uba
•-
Sie
rra
de E
scam
b®>
l? _
__
__
_ _j'
~ApQ
init
e se
ries
of
basi
c ro
cks"
I?
CA
I2
1Pal
ivco
v~ &
Kno
tek
(197
5 I:
gypt
I?
E
thi_
(lpia
/?
E
ustr
atos
I?
I C
alle
d "c
arnp
tort
ite"
(eu
stra
tite
) bu
t che
mic
ally
CA
L I
CS
? I4
1Joh
anns
en (
1938
M
ulaz
enal
/Sag
anat
i /?
I"
Ker
sant
ite"
IC
K?
/3/W
ashi
ngto
n (1
917)
; M
ohr
(19'
70)
Gre
enla
nd (
E)
I ?
Arn
old
Esc
hers
Lan
_~
_j ']
'le~
irti
tes,
bas
anit
es"
have
Kt
xen,
gd B
i lA
M?
I21W
ooll
ey (
1987
,p.7
4 G
reen
land
(E
) I C
aled
onid
es?
For
sbla
ds F
jord
_I?
M_
h;J
ean
_!"
.Sw
arm
of
Bi-
Hb
dyke
s" c
alle
d "o
lder
larn
pr_9
phyr
es"I
CA
L?
121 E
sche
r &
Wat
t {19
76,
p.22
8 G
reen
land
(E
) I T
hule
an
Kap
_Dal
ton
!Ter
tiary
I"
Mon
chiq
uite
" pe
bble
s in
Eoc
ene
sedi
men
ts
I AM
? /1
\Dee
r (1
976,
p.4
08);
Woo
lley
(19
87,p
.76
Gre
enla
nd (E
) I T
hule
an?
Liv~I]J<>QILand
I?
I"A
inoi
te"
IAL
? I31Washin~ton(l917
* l=
no
fun
her
deta
ils a
vaila
ble;
2=
no f
unhe
r de
tails
obt
aine
d; 3
=ch
emis
try
lam
prop
hyri
c bu
t min
eral
ogic
al d
etai
ls l
acki
ng; 4
=de
scri
ptio
ns u
ncon
vinc
ing
~ r > ~ :g ~ "'
Co
un
try
P
rovi
nce
O
ccur
renc
e
Gre
enla
nd (
N)
-R
oose
velt
fj_el
de
Gre
enla
nd (
Sl
-Ju
liane
hAb
Gre
enla
nd (W
) -
S0nd
re S
trpm
fjord
iG
uine
a -
Gbc
nko-
-Tis
sink
oro
,Guy
ana
-W
.Guy
ana
Shie
ld
'llal
y_
Rom
an?
Mon
te V
ultu
re
I Ita
ly (
Sard
inia
7
Ogl
iast
ra
:Jap
.'lll
? H
okka
ido
Jaoo
n ?
Koz
aki.B
ungo
K
enya
E
.Afr
ican
Rif
Len
gete
t M
alaw
i C
hilw
a K
anga
nkun
de
Mal
awi
Chi
lwa
Nka
lonj
e-M
atop
on
Mal
awi
Chi
lwa
Nse
ngw
a M
exic
o N
.Am
.Cor
d.
Sono
ra
Moz
ambi
que
Chi
lwa
Sala
rnbi
dwe
Paci
fic
Oce
an
Oce
anic
Is.
Po n
ape
Para
guay
C
erro
Gua
zu
Para
i!IL'
!Y
Soto
-RuR
ua
Row
nani
a 7
Bih
ar m
assi
f S.
Afr
ica
MaR
net H
eigh
ts
S.A
fric
a A
ngol
a bo
rder
Sw
aanb
oois
drif
T
anza
nia
E.A
fric
an R
if
Ess
imin
Ror
T
anza
nia
E.A
fric
an R
if M
bcya
T
anza
nia
E.A
fric
an R
if R
uhur
u V
alle
y U
Rru
rli
E.A
fric
an R
if T
oror
o U
SA
(AR
) .R
aton
-Cla
yton
U
SA
(AR
l O
uach
itas
Gra
nite
Mtn
. U
SA JA
R)_
O
uacl
litas
L
ittle
Roc
k U
SA
(AR
l O
uacl
litas
Pe
rry/
Con
way
Cty
. U
SA{A
R)
Oua
cllit
as
Salin
e C
ty.
US
A(C
Ol
Gol
die
US
A{ C
O)_
M
cCoy
Gul
ch
US
A(M
n
N.A
mer
ican
C
razy
Mtn
s.
USA
(N
M)
Cor
dille
ra
Ker
r-M
cGee
min
e U
SA
(VA
) A
ugus
ta C
ty.
US
A(V
l)
? Sh
enar
doah
U
SA
(WI)
-
Wau
sau
US
A(W
Y)
Min
eral
Hill
Tab
le C
7. U
f "
I h
finn
ed
''""'
-' .. ~ .
..........
..... ..,
.....,..
.,...._
..........
.........
....,..
.. .......
.. ..,
........
....
Ag
e,M
a K
now
n d
escr
ipti
on
(s)
Lam
ps
• R
efer
ence
s
Cre
tace
ous'
"'Lam
prop
hyric
"' dy
kes
.. with
meg
asco
pic
mic
a"'
AL
/UM
L.1
D
awes
& S
oQer
(19
70);
Daw
es(l
976,
p.29
0)
217±
5 (K
-Arl
.. C
ampt
onit
e sil
l""
AC
? l
Han
sene
t al.(
1983
) ~1800 (
K-A
r)
"'Lam
prop
hyre
dyk
es"';
~600 M
a dy
kes
in s
ame
area
U
ML
? l
Han
sen
et a
l.(19
83)
Cut
95M
a K
IL "
'Ultr
abas
ic ..
alka
line
lam
ps'·
Phi
Ti-
Am
,Ol,D
i M
t A
L/U
ML
.I
Rom
bou
ts (
198
7l
L.P
rote
rozo
ic
"'Lam
prop
hyre
s"'
? 2
Gib
bs(l
985)
_ I Q
uate
rnar
y .. L
arnp
roph
yric
roc
ks,
polz
enite
, mis
sour
ite--
alno
ite ..
UM
L?
4 A
mod
io &
Hie
ke M
erlin
(19
66)
7 Sc
hist
ose
.. spc
ssar
tite .
. dyk
e w
iUt
Mt c
once
ntra
tions
C
S?
4 Pi
epol
i &
Cal
lari
(l9
39l
?Ter
tiary
.. M
onch
i_qu
itic
rock
s"'
AM
? I
Sanb
onsu
gi _(193~)
? .. C
ampt
onite
.. A
C?
3 W
ashi
ngto
n (1
917)
T
ertia
ry
"'Ain
6ite
"' dy
kes
2 H
einr
ich(
! 966
. p.
487)
.. [
>Oss
ibly
_ bi
otite
aln
oite
"' U
L?
2 T
uttle
& G
ittin
s (1
966,
p.4
28)
.. dyk
es a
nd s
heet
s of
...la
mpr
ophy
re"'
UM
L?
2 T
utlie
& G
ittin
s (1
966,
p.4
31 l
Dyk
es o
f .. l
arnp
roph
yre .
. , .. m
onch
iqui
te"'
AM
? 2
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.5
30);
Tut
tle
& G
ittin
s (1
966,
p.4
29l
~50(](-Ar)
"'Lam
prop
hyre
dyk
es ..
in s
ever
al m
ines
C
AL
? 2
Mea
d et
al.(
l988
l D
ykes
of
"cam
pton
ite"
AC
? 2
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.5
31)
"'Mon
clliq
uite
.. A
M?
1 Y
agi
(196
0)
117+
4 (K
-Arl
"'R
adia
l sw
arm
of
lam
prop
hyre
dyk
es ..
AL
/UM
L. 2
Woo
lley
(198
7,p.
207)
13
2±10
(K-A
r "K
ersa
mite
!lyk
e"
CK
? 2
Woo
lley
(198
7,p.
207)
?
7 2
Man
ea (
1983
l "'E
long
ate
body
of
larn
prop
hvre
" A
L/U
ML
. 2 H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.539
) "d
ykes
of p
orph
yriti
c bi
otite
-ric
h la
mpr
ophy
ric
rock
" U
ML
? 2
Tut
tle
& G
ittin
s (1
966,
p.4
64);
Mat
hias
(19
74,
p.\9
2)
Ter
tiary
"d
ykes
ofm
oncl
liqui
te a
nd f
ourc
llite
.. A
M?
2 T
uttle
& G
ittin
s (1
966.
p.4
75l
"Car
bona
tized
aln
oite
dyk
es"
UL?
2
Hei
nric
h (1
966,
p.49
9)
Post
-Tri
assi
c "'A
lnoi
tic";
"ca
rbon
atite
-kim
bcrl
ite"
UM
L?
2 H
einr
ich
(196
6, p
.505
l; M
itche
ll (1
986,
p.\
16)
"Lar
npro
pily
re d
vkes
" A
L/U
ML
. 2 H
einr
ich
(196
6&47
0 47
3)
Oli
g-R
eccn
t "V
oges
ile m
inet
te k
crsa
nlile
... la
mps
... k
imbe
rliti
c"
CA
L?
2 W
oolle
y (1
987,
p.l3
4l
86--
90 (
Rb-
Srl
"Fou
rchi
tes .
.. are
pro
babl
y m
onch
iqui
tes"
A
M?
2 W
oolle
y (1
987,
p.14
5l
Cre
tace
ous
"Fou
rclli
te-m
onch
ioui
te tv
oe"
AM
? 2
Woo
lley_
(19
87,p
.145
) C
reta
ceou
s "O
uacl
litite
" A
M/U
O?
2 W
oolle
y (1
987,
p.14
3)
Cre
tace
ous
"Mon
chiq
uitic
dyk
es o
f sev
eral
var
ietie
s"
AM
? 2
Woo
lley
(198
7.o.
146)
?
"Car
bona
ted
larn
prop
hyre
" U
A?
2 W
oolle
y (1
987,
p.13
2l
? "L
arnp
roph
yre"
U
A?
2 W
oolle
y (1
987,
p.13
2)
Ter
tiary
V
ery
alte
red
"mon
chiq
uite
.. A
L?
4 W
olff
(l93
8l
32-3
5(K
-Ar)
_ "B
iotit
e-ba
salt,
lam
proo
hvre
dik
e"
? 2
Cal
zie
& H
iss
(197
8):
Bro
okin
s (1
980)
11
4,14
5-15
3 "C
ampt
onite
s"
AC
? 2
Woo
lley
(198
7,p.
154l
?T
rias
sic
"Cam
oton
ite"
asso
ciat
ed w
ith t
esch
enite
,sye
nite
A
C?
2 Jo
hnso
n &
Milt
on (
1955
l ~1450 (
Rb-
Sr)
"Lar
npro
ph yr
es"
as v
eins
se
greg
atio
ns d
ykes
C
AL
/AL
? 4
Em
mon
s et
al.(
1953
l 7
"'Lam
prop
hyre
s"
CA
L?
2 W
oolle
y (!
987,
p.12
7l
~ z 0 n tTl "' !?3
~
Tab
leC
7. U
fir
med
f"
l h
''"
"v
•u . .u
. un.•~ v
vv
......
.LV
IJ'-
'""
"'
v..
'"
""' u
.L
v
••
'"""
"'
Co
un
try
P
rov
ince
O
ccur
renc
e A
ge,M
a K
now
n de
scri
ptio
n(s)
L
amp
s •
Ref
eren
ces
USS
R
? B
aika
l ?
"Mon
chiq
uite
" A
M?
2 B
utak
ova
(197
4. o
.l78)
U
SSR
?
Che
lyab
insk
1
"Bio
tite
lam
prop
hyre
s"
? 2
Zhu
ykov
a &
Bog
ache
va (
I 968
) U
SSR
?
Chu
kotk
a(C
hukc
hi)
Cre
tace
ous
"lam
prop
hyre
dyk
es"
CA
L?
2 M
akev
ev &
Yef
imov
(19
72);
lvan
vuk
(198
6)
USS
R
1 El
brus
1
"Spcos~ani te
s"
CS1
2
Kum
ar (1
968)
U
SSR
?
Gor
ay-A
ltay
1 "L
amor
oohy
res"
?
2 M
icha
lew
a (I
962)
U
SSR
?
Jeni
ssel
Sib
eria
1
"Cam
pton
ite"
AC1
3 W
ashi
ngto
n (1
917)
U
SSR
1
Kad
ain<
koe
1 "L
amor
oohv
res"
1
2 K
udrv
avts
eva
et a
l.(l9
67)
[; U
SSR
1
Mav
khur
in T
adzh
. 1
"Lam
prop
hyrc
dyk
es"
1 2
Ros
scyk
in &
Raz
hman
ov (
1971
) U
SSR
1
N.N
urat
.au
Mtn
s. 1
"Lam
prop
hyre
" 1
2 K
ushm
urad
ov (
I 970
) U
SSR
1
Obi
toch
nava
Riv
er
1 "L
amor
oohv
re d
vkes
" 1
2 lv
anus
hko_
(l973
) U
SSR
1
Rud
ny A
ltai
1 "L
ampr
oohy
res"
C
AL?
2
Kuz
ebny
& M
ar'in
(19
73)
~ :g U
SSR
?
Shak
t.am
insk
iv
? La
mt>
-dio
oor
oh--
2rt o
oroh
dvk
es
CA
L?
2 Sk
urid
in e
t al.(
1972
) U
SSR
?
Tayu
n ?
"Ker
sant
ite"
CK
? 2
Gap
eeva
(195
0)
USS
R
? Tc
hakv
l-Kal
van
? "L
ampr
ophy
res"
?
2 K
uchu
kova
(197
3)
~ "' U
SSR
?
Tch
iato
ur
1 "L
ampr
ophy
re d
ykes
" 1
2 K
anch
avel
i (19
64)
USS
R
? V
arzo
D-B
olo
? "L
ampr
ophy
res"
?
2 B
abak
hodz
haev
(195
6)
USS
R
? V
olhy
nia
1 "D
iorit
ic la
mpr
ophy
res"
C
AL?
2
Lic
hak
& P
isko
rska
va (1
968)
U
SSR
A
ldan
Shi
eld
Kon
ders
kii
? "L
ampr
oohy
res"
am
ong
dyke
-roc
ks
? 2
Hei
nric
h (I
966,
p.4
62)
USS
R
Azo
v Sh
akht
y,D
onba
ss
1 "L
ampr
ophy
res,
kers
antit
es,s
pess
artit
es"
CS
CK
? I
lgna
tev
(193
6);
But
urlin
ov (
1959
); R
at.d
oroz
hryi
(19
74)
USS
R
Bal
tic S
hiel
d Y
elet
'zero
Pr
oter
owic
"S
pess
artit
e" a
nd "
voge
site
" dy
kes
AL/
CA
L? 2
Kog
arko
(19
87, p
.531
533)
Y
ugos
lavi
a ?
Cer
Mou
ntai
n ?
"Lam
proo
hyre
s"
? 2
Kne
zevi
c (1
976)
LYti&Q~Iavilt_ ?
_. _
__
__
JgislJ!II,Se_lece~ca
?_
--
"Lam
prop
hyre
dyk
es"
1 2
Siln
ic e
t al.(
l965
) -
------
APPENDICES 269
Table C8. Apochryphal occurrences of "lamprophvres" Countr y Occurrence Published name Comments/petrology Preferred name References
Antarctica Raymond ""Olivine fourchite " 01 + Cpx in gdms Basanite Fenner (1938) Fosdick Mtns
Argentina Cerro ""Spessartite"" Cataclased, with PI phen Meto- Cortcllez.zi & Rabassa (1976) Tandileofu microdioritc?
Aus[l'alia Wellington "Lamprophyre" Metd./shean:d but with ophiric Porphyrite, Basnctt (!942) (NSW) district texture. PI phen, little Hb/Bi dolerite, etc. Australia Little Me "Lamprophyre" 80% Ab, 15% 01, 4% Am, I~ Malchite? Baillie(l973) (TAS) Horror IPy Australia YilgamBlock "Camptonite" Variable metamorphosed rocks High-Mg basalt, Miles (1948); cf. Rocket a!. (WA) with OI,Cpx,Am, etc. amphibolite, etc !988d)
Ft.nce Pelvoux "Lamprophyre" True lamps do occur in same Intrusive spilileS Tane (1963,1974) area (fable C!)
Ft.nce Saint Bresson "Lamprophyric Contact facies of microgranitc Malchite Guintrand ct al.(l963) rock" intrusion; too acid to be lamp
Germany Steinhiigel, "Augite- 60% Pl, 20% Opx, 11% Cpx, Basaltic andesite? Eigenfeld (1960) Miinchberg spessartite" 4% Bi, 3% Qz, 3% accessories
Greece Cozani "Lamprophyres" Schistose At+Bi+Na·Pl dykes Metamorphosed Netelbeck (1959) in ultrabasic mass ultramalites?
Go:enland Narssarssuaq "Appinitic rocks" Not Hb-rich, carry Opx; too Norite, gabbro, Walton (1965) SW) low in MgO and CaO for CA etc.
Hungary Kom!0-173 "Lamprophyric 40% Cpx + Possibly a lime- Sziligyi(l981) borehole dyke ... augitite" Pl.Me.Ol.Ae.Mt,Ap.Ac contaminated rock
India Bass~ "Camptonite" Cpx phen in gdms of Pl,Cpx, Analcite- basanite Sukheswela & Sethna (1962); (Gu"arat) Bombay Ac/GI- no Am or Bi auc AL do occur in same area lndia(Me Gam Hills "Alkali 3().50% Ae,l·l6% Or, 9-22% Shonkinite or Rao (1973); true AL do occur ir ·•halava) lamiiTUtlhvn:s" Cc, J.l8% Bi, 9-40% Ne i'olite same area (fable C2) India Kushalnagar, "Camptonitic Carries 56% En Norite? Chal!eljee (1974) (Myson:) Mysore lamprophyre" Italy Alpe Lusia. "Lamprophyre", Have Pl phen, liu.le or no Hb, Andesite, Emiliani (1958), Scribano
Buddoso "Spessartite" -1: Opx ± pigeonite porphyrite? 1976) Italy Vald'Ultimo "Kersantite", "Kersantite" has PI phen; Qz ir Porphyrite, Minguzzi (1940)
(Alto Adige) "carnpoonitc'" normhnode of '"camptonite" ?andesite Italy Bitri-Onani "Lamprophyre of Carries PI,Ch,CpxJl and 2" Microdiorite or D'Amico (1960) Sardinia) diabase tendency" products; no 1° Am or Bi diabase
Japan Shodo-Shima "Spessartite" 6% PI phcn; 6% altered Cpx; Altered basalt? Ujike (1979)
6% At;gdm<: Pl+Bi+At+ll+Py Japan Yatsugataka "Kersantite" Carries Opx with low Si02 Mel a-andesite? Oji & Takeshita (1970)
32%) & high Mt (23%) Norway Jotunheim "Spessartite" Opx·Pl-Di. mineralogically Microdiorite? Dietrichson (1955)
uite unlike spessartite Norway Langesund- "Soda-minette" Strongly Fp-phyric and show 'Rhomb-porphyry Hasan (1969)
fiool no lamp textures trachyte) S.Africa Roberts "Equivalent to Carries PI, Ac phen Nc-bostonite or Windom & Boetlcher (1980)
Victor lamprophvre" similar Spain Avila, Rio "Lamprofido Fp-phyric, related to acid Porphyrite, Mulas Sanchez (1963a.b)
I Est>inan:do manJ:eriticor 'porphyry dykes nearby microdiorite? Tanzania Njombe "Appinite .. Metammphic rocks derived Skarn, etc. Stockley (1948, p.!5)
district from calcareous shales UK Jersey, "Appinitcs, Tcxrural (mainly, pegmatitic) Diorite varieties Wells & Bishop (1955); Key Channel Guernc;c.y appinitic diorites .. variants of normal diorites 1977)
UK TO!tJUIIY HAugite NoAmorBi Microdiorite? Shannon (1924) (England) lamprophyre" UK Midland "Monchiquitc" Ol,Cpx,Ac,Ne,Gl±Pl(Cameron 01-analcimite, Tynell (1912,1928); Forsyth & Scotland Vallc:y_ & Stephenson 1985, p.114) Ol·nephelinite Chisholm (1978); Upton (1973
UK NW "Metamcrphosed Foliated/schistose with Microdioritc Johnson & Dalziel (1966) Soo~and Highlands lamprophyre" Hb.Bi,Ct,Qz.Pl Smith 1979)
UK Outer Laxfordian "lamprc Hornblendic intermediate Metabasalt or Watson (1975, p.l8 & l<&otland Hebrides ·phyric dykes" dykes predating Scourie dykes microdioritc lpers.cornm .. l983) USA Crazy Mtns .. "Spessartite, diorit Fp-phyric; Am, Bi absent or Microdiorite, Rogers & Longshore ( 1960);
IICO) La Plata Mtru lamPtOllhvn:", etc. not primary; some have ()px andesite, etc. Gross & Heinrich (1966) USA Northern Gull "Monchiquite" NoAmorBi Nephelinite Moody (1949); Woolley (1987, ;(MI) coastal plain .147) USA Crazy Mtns. "Camptonite" Fp phen, gdms Qz, etc. Altered basalt, e1c Wolff(l938) (MT)
Zimbabw Nuanetsi "Ketsantitc dykes" Oligoclase phenocrysts up to Porphyrite or Cox et al.(!965, p.l48) province 13 mm long I porphyry
Appendix D: The computerized lamprophyre database LAMPDA
All the summaries in this book are derived from a large computer database built up over some 17 years. The database currently occupies some 8.5 megabytes, and contains wholerock data for over 5,000 rock specimens, plus a similar number of constituent mineral grains. Computing, bibliographic, data capture and validation aspects relevant to all large petrological databases can be consulted in Le Maitre (1982) and Rock (1987b). Since the construction and validation of LAMPDA required major effort, a brief discussion of critical aspects is warranted below; a full description can be consulted in Rock & Wheatley (1989).
Dl Data capture
LAMPDA incorporates data from =1,500 references, and its construction was intimately linked to the Bibliography. Data capture proceeded by an expansion of the process outlined by Metais & Chayes (1963) but, unlike many existing geological databases, did not rely on literature descriptions alone; thus LAMPDA is not merely a compilation of data for rocks called "lamprophyre", etc., but a carefully screened collection of data for rocks which conform to the definitions in Appendix B/Chapter 1. LAMPDA contains the following data:
(1) Published (and much unpublished) data for rocks described as one of the lamprophyre varieties (Fig.l.2), and which also comply with the present definitions (Chapter 1).
(2) Some data for rocks which comply with the present definition of lamprophyre but which were originally given other names (e.g. "biotite-nephelinite, diabase, K-rich diorite, mafic porphyry, mica-peridotite"). Here, it is impossible to judge the proportion of available data captured, since locating it can only be by manual search, personal communication, etc. The references concerned are however carefully annotated in the Bibliography, and justification appears under the appropriate entries in Appendix C.
(3) A moderate but not so exhaustive amount of data for kimberlites and for intermediatefelsic and cumulate rocks intimately associated with lamprophyres (felsic ocelli, phonolites, porphyrites, porphyries, syenites, tinguaites, trachytes, felsic veins, etc.)
Two arguments suggest that LAMPDA contains the vast majority of published data:
- Dr.S.C.Bergman kindly supplied a printout from his own (1987) independently compiled database, but this proved to contain very few analyses not already incorporated in LAMPDA (and nearly all of these were from unpublished US theses);
- the rate of ongoing retrospective data capture has decreased exponentially to the point where only a handful of analyses (other than newly published ones) are now located each year; this suggests that the total of available data has been closely approached.
In all three above categories, however, coverage of literature in European languages (e.g. Czech, English, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Serbo-Croat, Spanish) is strongest, that in Soviet languages weaker, and that in Chinese minimal.
The following general exclusions apply to all data compiled in LAMPDA: - Analyses regarded as inferior in quality by Washington (1917). - All other pre-1920 data not compiled by Washington (1917). - Analyses of so-called "lamprophyres" which do not conform to the present definitions.
APPENDICES 271
- Partial analyses with figures for less than 10 of the 14 major/minor oxides in the case of whole-rock analyses, or less than 4 critical oxides in the case of mineral analyses.
- Analyses with unacceptable major element totals (see below for validation procedures). - Analyses of "altered" rocks, breccias and pyroclastic rocks where alternative analyses of
fresh, magmatic rocks from the same occurrence are available. - Analyses of confirmed xenoliths and xenocrysts (Types E & F of Chapters 4 and 6).
D2 Database structure
LAMPDA is implemented on a Macintosh® IIX microcomputer under the database quasirelational management system Acius 4th Dimension TM. As shown in Fig.D 1, it consists of 20 computerized information tables (relations), which are linked via an identification 'rock number' (primary key) which is unique to each lamprophyre specimen in the database. The 8 relations containing actual geological and analytical data are as follows:
- ROCK , the 'core' of LAMPDA, carries geological data for each analyzed specimen. - MAl carries data for 14 major and minor elements (in wt.%).
TRA carries data for 29 trace elements (in ppm). REE carries data for 14 rare-earth elements (in ppm). PGE carries data for 7 precious metals (PGEs and Au, in ppb ). MIN carries oxide data for analyzed mineral grains or bulk mineral separates. ISO carries data for 8 isotopic ratios. Occurrence encodes the geology of known lamprophyre occurrences (Appendix C).
Much of the geological and petrographical information is in coded rather than free-text form, and further 6 tables elucidate the codes used. The remaining 6 tables contain validation parameters for the analytical data, described in Section D4 of this Appendix.
D3 Data assignation and rock classification
Data were assigned for consistency using an iterative, five-pass approach, as follows: (1) Analyses were first assigned according to authors' original published names. (2) The resulting datafile was used to erect consistent definitions of the 5 branches (Fig.l.2;
Appendix B). Wherever authors' original names proved to be blatantly inconsistent with these definitions, at the first-pass, analyses were reclassified at this stage (e.g. "alkali lamprophyres" of Vartiainen et al.(1981) are plainly UA; "camptonites" of Asquith (1973c) are CS; "peralkaline minettes" of Velde (1967) and Hall (1982) are LL, and so on). Each reference where such reclassifications were h1ade is annotated by ~ in the Bibliography, and explanations are given under the relevant entries in Appendix C.
(3) Major oxide data were recalculated to 100% free of H20, C02 and MnO, and with total Fe as Fe2~, to allow for variations in analytical totals, oxidation state, and secondary alteration. Analyses with missing values forTi~ or P20 5 were rejected. Two-group discriminant analysis was then performed, using the 9 remaining major oxides (Si02, Al2~• Fe203(t)• MgO, CaO, Na20, K20, Ti~, P20 5) as variables, on the UMLand KIL groups alone. These are the only lamprophyres which cannot be distinguished on their simple modal mineralogy (Table 1.1), and chemical criteria therefore assume greater importance in their classification. Based on Fig.5.5, analyses were reclassified wherever the whole-rock geochemistry clarified previously conflicting classifications of the particular occurrence and allowed an unequivocal assignation (e.g. Gloucester and
272 LAMPROPHYRES
Pilanesberg occurrences on Fig.5.5c were confidently assigned to UML; Homa Bay, Wajrakarur to 'transitional KIL/UML'. Careful account was taken in this step of the statistical probabilities of group membership for all analyses from a particular occurrence. Take, for example, the following hypothetical MDA results:
Rock Occurrence J1!11b{A). J1l!2b;(ID Rock Occurrence J1!11b{A). J1l!2b;(ID 1 Timbuktu 0.05 0.95 5 Blongovia 0.55 0.45 2 Timbuktu 0.01 0.99 6 Blongovia 0.57 0.43 3 Timbuktu 0.51 0.49 7 Blongovia 0.44 0.56 4 Timbuktu 0.25 0.75 8 Blongovia 0.41 0.59
Statistical decision rules would classify rocks 1 ,2,4 as group A and rock 3 as B, but in a geological context, rock 3 can be regarded as aberrant, not only because the other three rocks are so consistent, but also because the probabilities of group membership to both A and B for no.3 are subequal. The 'Timbuktu' occurrence would thus tend to be classified as B; if it was originally classified as A, reclassification would occur provided this were consistent with the geological context, and would be more likely, the greater the number of analyses assigned by MDA to B. By contrast, the 'Blongovia' occurrence clearly straddles the AlB boundary. If it were originally classified as A, it would be left as such in LAMPDA. If it were doubtful, it would be classified as 'transitional'.
(4) Five-group multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) was performed on the third-pass dataset to produce a further set of discriminant functions, again based on major oxides only, but this time for the complete range of analyses in LAMPDA. Several hundred misclassified examples were then re-examined. Using the same criteria as in step (3), misclassified analyses were reclassified into a group which the MDA showed to be much more likely, wherever this was consistent with available mineralogical data, in other words, where whole-rock and mineralogical criteria, applied not only to the particular rock but to the whole occurrence in question, gave a consistent and geologically reasonable answer. In accordance with lUGS recommendations, mineralogical data were given most weight in these considerations. In nearly all cases, reclassification only took place for occurrences which have already received conflicting classifications in the literature. As discussed in Chapter 5, the groups of analyses giving lowest classification efficiencies were olivine-lamproites and kimberlites (because these are probably the same thing), cumulates (including appinites) and fractionated rocks (including bostonites and porphyrites), because accumulation tends to generate AL-Iike chemistry in CAL, fractionation to generate CAL-like chemistry in AL.
(5) The discriminant functions from step (4) were therefore further refined by excluding the obvious cumulate and fractionated rocks (essentially, all rocks with Si~ > 60%, all appinites and kentallenites, and all felsic veins or ocelli). This allowed the MDA to home in on the more subtle distinctions between the main lamprophyre types, and gave the final classification efficiency shown in Table 5.2 and illustrated in Figs.S.l-5.4.
The hierarchical classification in Fig.l.2 allows all cases to be classified as precisely as available data warrant- no more and no less. Where assignation to individual rock-types (CM, etc.) was not possible, analyses were assigned to lamprophyre branches (CAL, AL, UML, LL, KIL), and, in the most doubtful cases of all, to the general category lamprophyric rock (coded '??'). Analyses given compound names in the literature (e.g. "minette-kersantite'') were classified under the first part of the name if sufficient modal data were provided to fit them into the present definitions, otherwise subsidiary categories were erected (e.g. CB = calc-alkaline biotite-lamprophyre covers "minette-kersantite", and also allows for the many biotite-lamprophyres whose dominant feldspar is not known).
rock
1voe
co
de
s R
OC
KS
co
de
:~ n
um
be
r I
bra
nch
la
bol
T
rock
nam
e ro
ck
typ
e
• R
EE
L
TP
A
!L
MA
J co
mm
ents
T
1
--
rock
n
um
be
r I
rock
n
um
be
r I
rock
n
um
be
r o
ccu
rre
nce
·-La
A
F
I Io
ta/
refe
ren
ce
T
Ce
R
Cl
I S
i02
P
r R
u
I A
l20
3
Nd
A
Be
A
Fe
20
3
Sm
R
S
c A
Fo
O
occ
urr
en
ce
Eu
R
v M
gO
co
de
~r-
Gd
R
C
r C
aO
nam•
lb
A
C
o
Na
20
co
ntin
en
t T
D
y A
"
K2
0
lorm
co
des
•t•
t• A
H
o R
C
u L
OI
co
de
:fl._
area
A
E
r A
Zn
T>
02
Intr
usiv
e ty
pe
"""a
ge
I Tm
A
C
ia
?20
5
form
A
Y
b A
A
s M
nO
ass
oci
ati
on
A
L
u
R
Fb
C
02
~maxotrala ..
I
valid
B
S
r s
min
~ra
t ag
e I
y va
lid
aoe
cod
es
com
me
nts
T
P
GE
Z1
co
de
I
...__
roct
. n
um
be
r I
~
R
slra
t ag
e A
A
u A
M
o
I M
a I
Os
A
Sn
I
sta
teo
cea
n
Sb
A
lr
A
co
de
A
Au
A
C
s A
m
aior
s ra
noes
re
e ra
nQes
st
ate
A
A
ll A
B
a I
tota
l min
A
co
un
try
A
PI
R
HI
A
La m
in
R
Si0
2min
A
C
em
ln
A
Pd
R
Ta
R
A
l20
3 m
in
A
Prm
in
R
valid
B
w
R
P
b I
Th
R
tra
ces
ran
ne
s PQ
e ra
nQes
is
oto
oe
s ra
noes
m
ine
rals
ran
ges
u R
Fm
i1
R
Au
min
R
dO
min
R
m
ine
ral
cod
e
A
spa
re
B
Clm
i'l
R
Osm
in
R
d13C
min
R
lo
la/m
in
R
valid
8
Um
ln
R
lrm
ln
R
d1
80
min
R
S
i02
min
R
Fig
.D 1
S
truc
ture
of t
he d
atab
ase
LA
MP
DA
. A
rrow
s in
dica
te r
elat
iona
l li
nks
betw
een
tabl
es.
ISO
I
r-
rock
n
um
be
r R
ph
au
A
ciD
A
d1
3C
A
d1B
O
A
87
Sr8
6
R
Eps
ilon
Nd
R
2
06
Pb
20
4
A
20
7P
b2
04
R
2
08
Pb
20
4
R
valid
R
R
R
M
IN
R
...__
rock
n
um
be
r
R
grai
n
B
min
era
l p
osit
ion
to
tal
Si0
2
At2
03
F
e2
03
Fo
O
MgO
C
aO
Na
20
K
20
LO
I To
02
MnO
F
C
l V
2C
3
Cr2
03
NO
Zn
C
s.o
Z10
2 N
b2
05
B
aO
va
lid
I .. ,...
.--
A
A
R
A
R
min
era
l C
Ode
s
R
H
co
dt
A
A
min
eral
A
R
B
I I A~
=~~lllon~s
R
co
de
'
=
posi
tion
J
R
A
A
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
A
B
~ ('j
tr1 "' N
_, w
274 LAMPROPHYRES
D4 Data validation
Great care was taken to ensure that LAMPDA is as error-free as possible, via a combination of exhaustive manual and automatic data verification procedures, as follows:
(1) Duplicate analyses : these are easily collected during data capture from secondary
sources. They were detected by automated procedures which sorted on 2::2 variables,
then checked adjacent records (for further details see Le Maitre 1982, Rock 1987b ).
(2) Analytical totals. An 'ideal' major element (whole-rock or mineral) analysis should, of
course, total between about 99-101%. This ideal is, unfortunately, little more than a
dream. Analytical totals in the literature abundantly disagree with the sums of the quoted
figures (Le Maitre 1982 finds discrepancies for 15% of all analyses), and in the papers
consulted for LAMPDA, discrepancies as high as 15 wt.% are not uncommon: for
example, the stated total for analysis 014 in Oberhansli (1986, p.336) is 99.79 but the
oxides actually add up to only 84.78%; similarly, the stated total from an analysis in
Milashev (1988, table 18) is 98.5% but the actual total in 109.2%. Today's literature is
even worse in another respect, namely that analyses are blithely published with stated
totals far beyond what would formerly have been considered acceptable: e.g. 106.09%
in Morris (1987, p.220). The practice of not quoting LOI, H2Qt or C02 values is also
becoming more and more common, and leads to a huge number of analyses with totals
substantially below 100% whose correctness is extremely difficult to judge (the extreme in LAMPDA is 72.65 from Jaques eta/. 1986). Matters are exacerbated by some
authors including LOI with the other major oxides, and others (e.g. Jahn eta/. 1979)
including it in the list but not in the total (i.e. an analysis approximates 100% in the
former case with and in the latter case without the stated LOI figure). A worst-case is
seen in Morrison et a/. (1987, table 2), where totals range up to 121.06 if LOI is
included (107.19% if not); it is difficult to know whether to take such data seriously!
(3) Petrological screening. Certain internal consistency checks can be applied to rock and
especially mineral analyses. An analysis of a "spinel" with high Na20 must, for
example, be in error. More complex checks are also possible: for example, analyses of
fresh AL or UML should contain ne, since these rocks carry Si-deficient pyriboles (e.g. kaersutite, Ti-augite) and feldspathoids; a qz-normative "camptonite" carrying modal
nepheline is internally inconsistent. Similarly, minettes and lamproites should always have K20 > Na20 since they carry only K-rich minerals (this criterion detected printers'
errors in Allan & Carmichael 1984, subsequently confirmed with the authors). This
procedure led to a set of acceptable range tables (Fig.Dl), and also to a more detailed
set of chemical and normative screens for the different lamprophyre varieties (Rock 1984,1986,1987a). Compilation of the screens was combined with elimination of
suspect or rogue analyses in an iterative fashion, until a stable set of screens and self
consistent set of lamprophyre data were achieved. For some rocks, one set of data (e.g.
major oxides) might be rejected during the screening process even though other data
(e.g. mineral analyses) might be retained: this is clearly both logical and reasonable in
the case of, say, a carbonated lamprophyre whose phenocrysts have remained unaltered.
(4) Automatic range screening: After entry into LAMPDA, procedures were invoked which
call up the range tables (Fig.D1), and highlight any values outside the preset ranges for
manual verification. This procedure complements the manual methods in step (b).
INDEX
Citations to the body of the text are in normal type; where appropriate, bold indicates the most significant of many citations for one entry; page-numbers referring to figures are in italics and those referring to tables are underlined. Indexing of geographical localities is at the level of countries (nations) or oceanic islands, and not down to that of states, regions, individual provinces or occurrences. Hence to find 'Argyle' look under 'Australia'. However, a very few exceptionally well-documented provinces are indexed separately (e.g. Caledonides, Hercynides, Navajo). Similarly, individual mineral species are indexed under mineral groups (e.g. biotite under Mica, nepheline under Feldspathoid).
Absarokite
Ach' uaine hybrid
Acmite, aegirine-augite, see Pyroxene
15,118,214,217
217
AFC processes, see also Crust 140
Aillikite 6,7, 16,17 ,:12..45 .3.73,80,
Aiounite
86-89,93,129,140,149,217
217
Akermanite, see Melilite
Albite, see Feldspar
Albitization
Algeria
Alkali basalt/gabbro, see Basalt/Gabbro
Alkali pyriboles
Alkaline lamprophyre, see Lamprophyric rocks,
67,75
228,258
47,60
217
and under Camptonite, Monchiquite, Sannaite
Alkaline rock 217
75 Allanite
Almandine, see Garnet
Alnoite 7' 12, 16.12.,45 ,57 ,58,71,80,
Alps, European
86-89,93,124,129,137,139,148,217
86
Alps, New Zealand, see New Zealand
Alteration, associated with lamprophyric intrusions
autometasomatism 2, 10,46, 127,137
contact metamorphism/metasomatism 36,38
effect on whole-rock geochemistry
Aluminium, high contents in pyroxene
86,133
49
Ammonium (NH4), in minettes 141
Amphibole 10,14, 16,46,48,12,,ll:i5,,50,61 ,64,1 I 6,117
Amphibolite(= metamorphosed lamprophyre) 19
Amygdale, see Globular structure 217
Analcime, see F eldspathoid
Analcime-basanite, analcimite 11,16,70
Anatase 75
Anchibasaltic rock 217
Andalusite-bearing xenoliths 107
Andesite, distinction from calc-alkaline lamprophyre .U
Andradite, see Garnet
Angola
Anhydrite
Ankaratrite
242
75
16,124,217
Ankerite, see Carbonate
Anorthite, see Feldspar
Anorthoclasite 109
106,108 Anorthositic xenoliths in lamprophyres
Antarctica
Antsohite
Apatite
Aplite, aplitic
Appinite
Archaean
3,26,29,34,40,104 135,
228,242,252,258,262,269
217
16,51,75
2,30,38,125, 143,148
22,30,80,86,115-117,119,217,218
20,22,26,27,67' 100,101,133,153
Arfvedsonite, see Amphibole
Argentina 54,228,252,266,269
218
242,266
Ashaffite
Atlantic Ocean
Augite, see Pyroxene
Augitite 11
Australia
Austria
4,20,23 .29 ,32 ,39,44-45 .3.86,93'
.l!M.115)33,ill,UQ,151,ill,l54,
228,229,242,243,252,258,260,262,269
22,26,229,243,266
Autolith, see also Inclusion 46 .lill . .218
Autometasomatism in lamprophyres 2,10,46,127,137
Average whole-rock geochemistry 78-81
B addeleyite 75
276 LAMPROPHYRES
Baltorite
Banding, of Iamprophyric intrusions
Baotite
218
36
75
Barium (Ba), high contents in lamprophyre minerals 50
Barite 51,75
deposits associated with lamprophyric rocks !56
Bartonite 7 5
Basalt
alkali, relation to lamprophyre 11,93,122,149
classification of basalt-lamprophyre spectrum 11
dykes, field distinction from lamprophyres 34-36
Basanite, basanitic compositions 11,12,82,122,149
Base metal deposits, lamprophyre-associated 155.uQ
Battlemented 218
Beerbachite 3
Belt
Bergalite
218
218
Berondrite 122,218
Beryllium deposits associated with lamprophyres .uQ
Biotite, see Mica
Bizardite
Boninite
Bostonite
Bravoite
218
73,120,121,149
13,86,145' 146,14 7,218
75
Brazil,seealsoFernandodoNoronha,Trindade 147, 229,243,262,266
Breccias, igneous 10,30,32,35 ,36,40,59,107 ,115
Breunnerite, see Carbonate
Britain, British Isles, see UK, Eire
British Guiana, see Guyana
Budding, oflamprophyric intrusions
Bulgaria
36
258,260
Calc-alkaline lamprophyre, see Lamprophyric rocks,
and under Appinite, Kental/enite, Kersantite,
Minette, Spessartite, Vaugnerite, Vogesite 218
Calcite, see Carbonate
Calcite-kimberlite
Caledonides
12,149
19,22,27 ,30,39,99,115-117,
134,144,145,14 7,152
Camptonite 7,11,17,40,42 54 65,67,69,80,86,
90,97 ,106,128-129,138-139,148-149,218
Camptomonchiquite, camptonosannaite
Camptospessartite
11
218
Canada 24,29,31,32,43,21.,98,
102-104,106,107,1.2.6.132.144,151~
229,230,243,244,252,253,254,260,262,266
Canary Isles (Spain/ Atlantic Ocean)
Canadian Shield
Cancarixite
Cape Verde Islands (Atlantic Ocean)
Carbonate minerals
242
32
218
l!M.242
isotopic composition
mineralogy
mantle stability fields
101-102
10,50,52 54.55,57.71-73
140
occurrence in lamprophyric rocks 14,15,16,46,136
secondary 2,46,72,75,102,136
stability fields 140
Carbonatite 13,16,17,27 ,£!i,31 ,39,43,47 ,73,75,77 ,93,
129,137,139-140,147-149
Carbon dioxide (C02)
Carbon isotopes
Cascadite
Castellated micas
Cebollite
Cedricite
Celestine (celestite)
Celsian, see Feldspar
139,140,141
73,101-102
218
10,15,44,218
16
218
75
Central complex kimberlite 7,16,17,218
Chalcopyrite 75
Chile 230,266
Chilled margin (selvedge) 36,125,128
China, People's Republic 29,~,230,244,254,266
China, Republic of, see Taiwan
Chlorine, lamprophyre whole-rock contents
Chlorite
Chondrites
Chromite, see Spinel
CIPWnorms
Classification of lamprophyric rocks
96,136
2,46
75
89-90
2,5-9
Clinohumite 107
Clinopyroxene, see Pyroxene
Clinopyroxenite, see Pyroxenite
Coals, metamorphosed by lamprophyric intrusions 38
Cocite 6, 14,2],80,86,122, 131,218
Cognate
Colour index (C. I.)
218
6,10,12
Composite intrusion 219
Contact metamorphism around lamprophyre dykes 38
Contamination, see Crust
Coppaelite 219
Copper deposits associated with lamprophyres
Cortlandi te
Corundum
Costa Rica
115,219
103-104
147
Cote d'Ivoire, see Ivory Coast
Country-rock, see Alteration, Inclusion, Metasomatism
Coyoteite 75
Craton, see under individual craton names
Crust, in petrogenesis of Iamprophyric rocks
crustal interaction (contamination) 136,141-142
relative to mantle in 1amprophyre genesis 135-136
xenoliths in lamprophyric rocks 47,lQ_4-105 107
Crystal fractionation, see Fractionation
c~ ~6
Cubanite
Cumulophyric texture
Cuselite
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia
75
43
219
244
22,26,104 113 123 126,146.156.
230,231,244,254,260
Damkjemite 6,7,42,65,68,69,80,129,137,149,219
Database (LAMPDA) 270-274
Diamond 4,8,136,150-151
Diaschistic dykes
Diatreme
Differentiationm of lamprophyres
Dike, see Intrusion
Diopside, see Pyroxene
2,148
219
38,143-147,219
INDEX 277
Diorite, distinction from lamprophyre/appinite 12, 1!7
Discrete nodule, see Inclusion
Discriminant analysis, multiple (MD A) 77,82,83
Distribution, global, of lamprophyric rocks 20-29
Djerfisherite 75
Dolomite, see Carbonate
Dolomitization
Dunite
Durbachite
Dyke, see Intrusion
East Germany, see Germany
Eclogite
Economic geology
Egypt
Ehrwaldite
Eire, Republic of (S .Ireland)
Emplacement mechanisms
Enclave, see also Inclusion
England, see UK
Enstatite, see Pyroxene
Epidote
Erdite
Espichcl!ite
Ethiopia
Eustratite
72
104-105.117
115,118,1I9,2!9
219
32.1.f21::1~.107,134,151
9,150-156
264,266
219
22,23 ,JM,231 ,244,260
39
219
2,46,75
75
219
266
219
Evolution, of lamprophyric melts 38,143-147
10
136-141
Exfoliation
Experimental petrology
Falkland Islands (Atlantic Ocean)
Farrisitc
Fayalite
Feldspar
cognate grains
macrocrysts
phenocrysts
Fcldspathoid
266
219
10
14
51.57,68-69
109-110
10,12,15
16,69
analcime 14 ,40,46,.1.L2.4...6 9. 71,7 6
cancrinite 70
278 LAMPROPHYRES
kalsilite, kaliophilite
leucite
10,16,124
14 ,16, 71,75,113,124
nepheline, sodalite 14,46,12.,57,70
Felsic rocks associated with lamprophyres 143-147
Fenitization associated with lamprophyres 39,40,149
Fernando do Noronha (BraziVAtlantic Ocean) 242
Ferric (Fe3+), high in lamprophyric rocks 50,136
Field aspects of lamprophyric intrusions
Field, defmition of term
34
219
Finland
Fitzroyite
Florinite
30.l!M.,123,12§,14 7,231,244,254,262
219
219
Flow differentiation
Fluidization
Fluorine
38,39,103
125
in amphiboles, micas
in lamprophyric whole-rocks
Fluorite
12.,50,53 54 57,58
96,136
75
deposits associated with lamprophyres
Foliated lamprophyric intrusions
Formosa, see Taiwan
Fortunite
Fourchite
Fractional crytallization, see Differentiation
Fraidronite
ill 19,45
219
6,219
219
France 22,26,43,86JM..l.U.118,141,
ll2..231,232,245,254,258,260,269
17,2B_,31,148
l2Q.
Gabbro, alkali
Galena
Garganite
Gamet
Gaussbergite
219
14,16~,51-59,76
Genesis, see Petrogenesis
Geochemistry of lamprophyric rocks
isotopes
major elements, including discrimination
normative composition
precious metals (PGE, Au)
rare-earth elements
219
98-102
77-88
89-93
97-98
97
screens for distinguishing lamprophyres 10
93-96
1,22,26, l!l.147,.ill.232,262,269
trace elements
Germany
Giumarrite
Glass
Glimmerite
219
14,76,129
104-105
Globular structures 10,11Jj_,38,46 ,75,118,143-146,219
Glomeroporphyritic texture 43,118
Gneiss(= metamorphosed lamprophyre) 20
Gold
contents in lamprophyres 97
gold-related alteration 67,73
mines, plans of lamprophyre dykes in 150
veins associated with lamprophyres 1,4,5,151,ill
Gorringe Bank (Atlantic Ocean) 242
Granitoid
-appinite association
"dioritic" enclaves in
113-118
115
-lamprophyre association 5,29-30,125,141,147-148
products of lamprophyric parent magmas 5,147-148
Granulite
lack of granulite facies lamprophyric rocks
xenoliths in lamprophyric rocks
20
108
Greece
Greenland
26,232,269
25 ,29,31,32,34,43,
JM,106,111,122 126.135 151,
232,233,245,254,255,258,260,266,267,269
Greens10ne belts, lamprophyric rocks in 20Jli,67,130
Grossularite, see Garnet
Group 1/Group 2 kimberlite, see Kimberlite 219,220
Guinea, Republic of 32,245,267
Giimbelite 76
Guyana (British Guiana) 267
Haematite 75
Halides lO
Hamrongite 220
Harzburgite 104-105,137,140
Hedrumite 220
HeplOrite 220
Hercynides
Heronite
Heteromorphism
22 .30,31,39,86,99,
102,117-118) 33,.122.144,147,155
12,220
127,220
Heumite 220
High field-strength elements (HFSE) 134
Hornblende, see Amphibole
Hornblendite 115,118
Hot-spots,lamprophyric rocks associated with 2B.
Hungary
Hyalomonchiquite
Hyalophanc, see Feldspar
Hybrid
22 ,26,1M,233,262,269
n:no
hybridization in lamprophyre petrogenesis 118,139
mineral assemblages in lamprophyric rocks 127,137
Hydrogen isotopes 101
Hydrothennal fluids 125,152
ljolite
Ilmenite, picroilmenite
Immiscibility, liquid
Inclusions in lamprophyric rocks
definition of Types A-F
listing of examples
nomenclature
orientation in dykes
16,2B_,31,14 7-149
15,16~.~
38,39,144
103-112,220
47
104-105
103
39
petrogenetic significance 138-144,149
India 26,31,104 135,232,246,258,263,269
Indonesia, Republic of 53,152,233
Intergrowths lQ:l
Intrusions, lamprophyric
banded, zoned 10.~36
form 34.35
composite 35,36,ll
differentiated J1.,38
intrusion mechanisms 36,39
largest known 34
layered 38,128
morphology 34,35
multiple 35
INDEX
off-set
size
temperatures of intrusion
Ireland, northern, see UK
Ireland, southern see Eire
Iron, see Ferric
279
35,36
34
38
Island-arcs, lamprophyres in, see also Japan, etc. 2B_,130
Isotopes
radiogenic 98,108,110,1 17,!35,138
stable 70,73,101
Italy 22,26,40.53 104.113.122,ll,147,ill...l2Q..
233,234,246,255,258,260,263 ,267,269
Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire) 263
Japan
Jeppeite
Jerseyite
Jumillite
40,i1.103,1M,120,11:U2.QJ34,147,
234,246,24 7,267,269
75
220
L.9,220
Kaapvaal craton, S.Africa
Kaersutite, see Amphibole
Kajanite
Kalsilite, kaliophilite, see F eldspathoid
Kamafugitic rocks
Kamperite
Kataphorite, see Amphibole
32
220
16lli..124
220
Katungite 16,123,124,149,220
Kentallcnite
Kenya
Kersantite
12_.80,86,115-117 ,220,260,261
.l!M.,lU_.247 ,255,263,267
1...12...19 .11..44 ,48,65 ,67 ,69 ,80,
118,127-128,220
K-feldspar,see Feldspar
Kimberley craton, Australia
Kimberlite, see Lamprophyric rocks
Kimseyite, see Garnet
Kinoshitalite
K-richterite, see Amphibole
Kvellite
Kyanite-bearing xenoliths in lamprophyres
32
61
220
l.M,107
280 LAMPROPHYRES
LAMPO A (lamprophyre database)
Lamproite, su Lamprophyric rocks
270
and IUider Cocire. Jumillire, Wyomingite, etc.
Lamprophyric rocks, see also individual rock-names
abundance, globaVvolumetric U
alkaline lamprophyres (AL), see also rock-Mm•• global discribution 20
bualt-lamprophyre spectrum
eamptonite/monchiquite distinction
analyses made during 20th century
average whole-rock composition
11
128
J
1.8.:£2 calc-alkaline lamorophvres (CAL). su: also roclc-Mmu
global distribution /9
petrogenetic conscrainiS on
ClPW normative character
clan concept
dauification
compositional spectrum
contact metamorphism a.ssoeiated with
cumulates from
definition
depths of origin
diamondiferous
IJJ
~
~7-8
S- 9
/4
38
t2.U
5,17-18,221
137,141,151
differentiation 12,Jl..38 ,/42 .I 4 S ~
discrimination between rock-types 77-97
distinction from basalt dykes in the field 34-35
distinction from andesites, diorites U
distribution, global. in space and time 19-29
experimental petTology 136-143
felsic rocks associated with 143-147
field aspects 34-43
genetic connotations or rock names 17
geochemistry, whole-rock 77-102
global distribution in space and lime 19-29
gold, association with mesothermal deposits ill
gold mines, lamprophyre dykes in /54
inclusions in 103-112
intermediate-felsic rocks associated with 12,143-147
inltusion mechanisms 36,39
intrusion temperatures 38,155
intrusion si:r.es, types/morphologies 34,35
isotope geochemistry
kjmberliles (I(IL)
98-102,135-136
basaltic versus lamprophyric
"central complex kimberlite"
classification as lamprophyric rocks
220
9 7,16,17,218
5,6,1.9 calcite-kimberlite 12
comparison with other lamprophyric rocks 48-102
definition 2,8,220
diagnostic mineralogy diarnondiferous
14.55 4
distinction from ultramafic larnprophyre
k"imberlite-carbonacite 16,86.1!
12 40
129
!2.
lava
magma-types represented by
photomicrographs. lise
lamprojtes (LL), see also individual rock-TUJmu
classification as lamprophyric rocks
comparison with other larnprophyric rocks
definition
8 48-102
220 /4,56 4,UQ
diagnostic mineralogy
diarnondiferous
global diSltibution
magma-types represented by
MgO distribution in
nomenclature, note on
photomicrographs, list
largest known intrusions
liquidus temperatures
magma.s. existence of
magmatic evolution in
magma-types, definition of
magma volumes. cumulative
major element geochemiscry
metamorphism of
mineral deposits associated with
mineralogy
coexisting mineral composicions
extreme minera1 compositions
mineral assemblages, spectrum of
unusual parageneses
modal composition
papers published during 20th century
parageneses. rclac.ive abundance of
petrogenetic overview
photomicrographs
plutonic rocks equivalent to
21
129-130 /JI
8,220
~45
34
110,125
2,125
143-147
ill
2..i.39
77-93
19-20
~
10,47-76
.a:.ll i8..:.lQ
14
52
!L J
i1 149
~.44 -4$
llbUl
primary melts, test of lamprophyres as 132
repeated intrusion in a given area 32
secular distribution through geological time 27
sadie versus potassic, relative numbers of 7.2
T AS diagram 82
tectono-magmatic associations, definitions 10,29-32
temporal distribution 27
textures 10,42-46
trace element geochemistry 92-98
ultramafic lamprophvres (UML), see also rock-names
diagnostic mineralogy
global distribution discrimination from kimberlite
55
21
16,86,Jil
volatile-poor and volatile-free equivalents of ll
39-41
7,113-123
volcanic examples of
volcanic rocks equivalent to
weathering 34,36
Lamprophyric (panidiomorphic) texture 2,15,35,43,222
Lamproschist 19 ,:!1.,221
Lapilli 46
Large Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE)
Latite
134
118,144
Lava, occurrence of! am prophyric rocks as I 0,15 ,3 9-4 2
Lawsonite
Layered lamprophyric intrusions
Lead(Pb)
107
38,128
isotopes 100,135-136,141
deposits associated with lamprophyres
Lcucite, see F eldspathoid
''Leucite-lamprophyre" 7
Leucitite, olivine
Lherzolite
121
104-105,137' 140,149
LILE, see Large Ion Lithophile Element
Limburgite
Limestone assimilation hypothesis
Linneite
40,107
140
75
Liquid immiscibility 38,39,144
Liquidus temperatures oflamprophyric melts 110,125
Luhite 221
MI-M7 magma-types, definitions of 127-131,221
INDEX
Maar
Macrocryst, see T nclusion
Madagascar (Malagasy Republic)
Madupite
Maenite
Mafraite
Mafurite
Magma
Magma-mixing
281
40
221
234,247
9,221
13,11Q.221
122,221
16,221
125
138
Magma-types among 1amprophyric rocks 127-131 ,221
Magmatic differentiation, see Differentiation
Magnesite, see Carbonate
Magnetite, see Spinel
Magnophorite, see Amphibole
Major element whole-rock geochemistry
Malagasy Republic, see Madagascar
Malawi, Republic of
Malchite
Mali, Republic of
Mamilite
Manganese, high contents in spinels
Mantle
77-93
247,263,267
12,il,30,221
234
221
50
emiched, metasomatized 131,134,136
inclusions 47,104-105 107,137,144,149
versus crust in lamprophyre petrogenesis 135-136
MARID inclusions in lamprophyres 104-105,107
Markfieldite 221
Megacryst, see also T nclusion
Megacrystalline rock
Meimechite
Melanite, see Garnet
221
108
124,221
Melilite 6,14,15,16,40,48,2Q,57 ,71,76,93,113
Melilitite, melilitolite .lb15,122,140,149
"Melilitic lamprophyres" 6
Melt 125,221
Mesotherrnal (gold deposits)
Metamorphism
contact, around lamprophyric dykes
metalamprophyre, photomicrograph
regional, of 1amprophyric rocks
151,221
38
20
20,22
282 LAMPROPHYRES
Metasomatism
contact, around lamprophyric dykes
in genesis of lamprophyric fluids
in genesis of vaugnerite series
38
125
118
of mantle materials
Mexico
Mica
107,140
26,40,70,155,234,267
biotite-phlogopite 16,46,48,50 53 58 64-67,116
muscovite
tetraferriannite/tetraferriphlogopite
10
15,65
textures in lamprophyric rocks 10,43,44-45
Mica-peridotite/pyroxenite 7,13.104-105,115,222
Microcline, see Feldspar
Microdiorite, mistaken for Iamprophyre
Millerite
19
75
Mineral deposits associated with lamprophyres ~
Mineralogy, see individual mineral groups
Minette 1.17 ,3 I ,32,40,42,44 ,45 ,23_,61 ,67-69 ,71,80,
112,118,127-128,131,141,221
"felsic minette" 12,144
Mobile belts, occurrence of lamprophyric rocks in lB.
M~ambique, see Mozambique
Modlibovite 221
Molybdenum deposits associated with lamprophyres li6_
Monchiquite 1.16,31 ,40,.1£.45 ,_51,58,70, 74,76,80,86,
93,128-129,137,141,148-149,221
"monchiquitic basalt"
picritic rnonchiquite
Mondhaldeite
Monticellite
Monzonite
Morocco, Kingdom of
Mozambique, Republic of
Mugearite
Multigroup discriminant analysis (MD A)
Multiple intrusion
Murambite
Muscovite
Myrmekite
11
12.45.86
221
14,48,57-58
2li,30,31
234,247
267
11
77,88
222
118,222
10
69
Namibia, Republic of 40..!2Q,234,24 7,255
Navajo province (USA) 12,32,99,103,107,109,
1 I 1,112Jl1.128,133,140-141,144,146
Neodymium (Nd) isotopes 100,108,135-136
Nepheline, see Feldspathoid
Nepheline-monchiquite, see Monchiquite
Nepheline-syenite, see Syenite
Nephelinite 11 .11.,.16,31 ,77,149
New Guinea, see Papua New Guinea
New Zealand (NZ)23 ,l.Q1...106,135,145,14Q..247 ,263,264
Nodule, see Inclusion
Norway 23,l.Q1...11Q.147,234,247,248,255,260,264,269
Occurrence, definition of tenn
Oceanic islands, see also individual islands
Ocelli/ocellus, see Globular structure
Odinite
Offsetting, oflamprophyric dykes
Okaite
222
130,137
222
12,222
10,35
124
Olivine
Olivine-lamproite
Olivine-leucitite
Oman
14,16,43,~75
58,80,131,134,222
121
248
Ontong Java Plateau, Solomon Islands
Orangite
Orendite
Origin, see Petrogenesis
137
222
1...222
Orogenic belts, see also Caledonides. Hercynides
lamprophyric rocks in 28-30,130
Orthoclase, see Feldspar
Orthopyroxene, see Pyroxene
Ouachitite 6,1..58,80,124,129 ,222
Oxides, see under individual minerals
Oxygen isotopes
Pacific Ocean
70,73,101-102
248,255,267
Pakistan 26,234,248
Panidiomorphic {lamprophyric) texture 2,15,35,43,222
Papua New Guinea (PNG) 11,26,40,120,121,
134,.u£,.234,235,248
Pardguay, Republic of
Parental melt
Pargasite, see Amphibole
248,267
147-149,222
Partial melting, see Petrogenesis
Pectolite
Pegmatite. pegmatoid
76
30,113,125,143,148
Pelitic xenoliths in lamprophyric rocks
Pentlandite
Peralkaline minette
Peridotite
107
75
7,222
liH.:.1N Perovskite l±..l6,48,2b57 .2a...7 4-7 5,134
Perpotassic 222
Perthite, microperthite 69,109
Petrogenesis of lamprophyric rocks
PGE (Platinum group elements)
Phenocryst
Phlogopite, see Mica
125-149
92.97-98,156
1Q1,222
Phonolite 46,76,110,137 ,143.l1Q,l49
"mafic phonolite" 43
Picroilmenite, see Ilmenite
Picrophyre 223
Pilite 57,75
Pipe, see Intrusion 223
Plagioclase, see F eld>par
Platinum-group clement' (PGF)
Plutonic equivalents of lamprophyres
Poland
92,97-98,156
13,113-124
22,26...l5..Q,235
Polzenitc 7 12 57,71,80,93,223
Porphyrite, porphyry 12,11,30,36-38,14 3-145,223
Portugal 22,26.104.123,126,235,248,264
Potassic rock, definition 223
Potassium feldspar, see Feldspar
Potassium richterite, see Amphibole
Prehnite
Priderite
Primary melt
Primitive melt
Province
Prowersite
Pscudobrookite
76
14,49,56,73,75
132,223
223
223
223
75
INDEX 283
Pseudohexagonal micas 10,43,44-45
Pseudoleucite 71
Pustular texture 36
Pyroclastic varieties oflamprophyric rocks 10,39
Pyrope, see Garnet
Pyroxene
clinopyroxene
orthopyroxene, pigeonite
Pyroxenite
Pyrrhotite
QAPF (lUGS double triangle)
Quartz
14,16,49,53-58,60-6 2
10,15,16,61,118
104-105,107,131,139
75
5
10,14,46,57,117
Quartzite, inclusions in lamprophyric rocks 107
Raabsite 223
Radiogeneic isotopes, see 1 so topes
Rare-Earth Elements (REE) 15,16,92,97,134
Rasvumite 75
Reaction/resorption rims 43,4 7,57,61
Redwitzite 116,117-118,223
Resorption of hornblende/biotite 2,127
Richtcrite, ricbcckite, see Amphibole
Rifts, lamprophyric rocks in ;lli,130,137
Roumania
Russia, see USSR
Rutile
26,248,264,267
75,134
S .Africa, Republic of 4,32,87,103, 135,146,236,248,
Salite, see Pyroxene
Sanidine, see Feldspar
255,256,258,264,267,269
Sannaite l.J.1..31,42 54 65,80,93,139,223
Sapphire deposits associated with lamprophyres 155,156
Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of 236
Scapolite 76
Schistose lamprophyre
Scotland, see UK
Scyelite
Sediment, subduction of
20
115,223
134-136
284 LAMPROPHYRES
Segmentation, of dykes
Segregation, see Globular Structure
Selagite
Selvedge (chilled margin)
Semi-lamprophyre
Serpentine
"Serpentinized microbreccia"
Shcherbakovite
Sheared lamprophyre, photomicrograph
Sheet, see also Intrusion
10
223
122,223
36,125,128
12,223
46,75
32,107
56,75
45
223
38,46
17.2li..30,118
Schlieren
Shonkinite
Shoshonite, shoshonitic
applicability of term to appinite suite 117
17,2..8...30,224
224
13,15,77,118,120
association
definition
equivalence with lamprophyres
Shoshonitic lamprophyre, see Lamprophyric rocks,
Calc-alkaline Lamprophyre 224
SierraLeone 256
Sill, see also Intrusion
Sillimanite-bearing xenoliths in lamprophyres
Singapore, Republic of
224
107
236
224 Sizunite
Sodalite, see Feldspathoid
Soda minette
Sodic rock, defmition
Solomon Islands (Pacific Ocean)
South Africa, see SAfrica
Southern Ireland, see Eire
South-West Africa, see Namibia
224
224
6.103.105 123,255
Spain, see also Canary Isles 22,26,,2l,85-86,93,99,
l.Qi.l29 .lli14 7 ..12Q.236,249 ,259,260,269
Spessartine, see Garnet
Spessartite 1.12.15,32,42,45,48,~65,67,69,
80,97,121,127-128,224
Sphruetite 75
Sphene
Spidergrams
Spinel
76
92,121,133
16,50 ,.ll.,72. 7 3
Stable isotopes, see I so/opes, stable
Staurolite-bearing xenoliths in lamprophyres 107
Strontium isotopes 98-101,108,110,117,135-136,138
Structure, globular, see Globular Structure
Subduction 90,130,134-136
Suite
Sulphates
Sulphides, see under individual minerals
224
10,15,51,75
Super-province
Sweden
Switzerland
224
23 ,!.Qi..236,249 ,256
1,2,22,26,236
Syenite, nepheline-syenite 17,27 ,2a.30,31,38,46,
110,115,118,139,143,147-149
Syria
Tahiti (Pacific Ocean)
Taiwan (Republic of China)
Talcose alteration, after olivine
Tamaraite
40-41,249
248
236
75
224
Ta-Nb-Ti (1N1) anomalies 93,134-135
Tanzania 115ill,237 ,249,260,261,267,269
TAS (lUGS total alkali-silica) diagram
Tasman fold belt, Australia
Tectonic setting of lamprophyric rocks
Teschenite
Texture of lamprophyric rocks
Thailand
82,142
32
8,2a.29-31,130
17,31
10,42-46
115
Theralite 31
Thermodynamkdata 128
Tholeiite 139
Thorium deposits associated with lamprophyres 1iQ
Tin deposits associated with lamprophyres 122 Titanaugite, see Pyroxene
Titanium, high contents in mafic minerals 49-50,52
Titanomagnetite, see Spinel
Tjosite 224
1NT, see Ta-Nb-Ti anomalies
Topsailite 224
Trace element geochemistry 92-97
Trachyte 137,146 149
"mafic trachyte" 43
"sanidine trachyte" (felsic minette) 12,144
Transform faults, lamprophyres' association with 2B. Trindade island (BraziVAtlantic Ocean) 242
Triple junctions, lamprophyres' association with 2B. Troctolitic xenoliths in lamprophyres 108
Tuffaceous varieties of lamprophyric rocks
Tungsten deposits associated with lamprophyres
Turjaite
Type A-F inclusions, definitions of
10,39
l5Q
124
47
Uganda 123,124 255,267
Ugandite 16,121,124,142,224
UK (United Kingdom, Great Britain) 1,22,23,152
Channel Isles (Guernsey, Jersey) 22,86,237,269
England
Scotland
22,23,42,il,86,
105 135 147,155,237,264,269
5,11 '19 ,22 .23 ,30,32,39 ,44-45,46,
103,105-107,109,111lli,/14,/J8,134,11Q.147,
lR 153,155.122.,237,23 8,249,250,261,269
Ulster (Northern Ireland)
Wales
22,238,261
22,23,250
Ultramafic lamprophyre, see Lamprophyric rocks,
and under Aillikite, Aln6ile,
Damkjernite, Ouachitite, Polzenite
Ulster, see UK
Ultra potassic rock
Ulviispinel, see Spinel
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, see USSR
United States of America, see USA
224
224
Uranium deposits associated with lamprophyres l2Q_
USA, see also Navajo 2,4,5,12,17 ,24,26,29,31 ,34,40,
USSR
.illi.1 07 ,ill., 124 ,l£Q..12 9 • .l.ll..lJ.2.
140,143,144,146,147,152,156,
238,239,240,250,251,256,
257,259,264 ,265,267,269
20,29J..Q2,107,ill.,l24,~
240,251,257,259,265,268
INDEX
Vallerite
V ariole, see Globular structure
Vaugnerite
Venanzite
Vent
Verite
Vesecite
Vesicle, see Globular Structure
285
75
224
116,117-118)19,224
16
224
L.224
224
Vietnam 259
Vogesite L.J.2.31A£,45,48,67 ,68,80,127-128,143,224
Volatiles
Volcanic rocks
volcanic rocks, equivalent to lamprophyres 7,118-124
volcanic examples of lamprophyric rocks 39-41
Wadeite
Wales, see UK
Weathering of lamprophyric rocks
Wehrlite
Wesselite
West Germany, see Germany
Wolgiditc
Wollastonite
Wyomingite
X enolith/xenocryst, see 1 nclusion
definitions
Yamaskite
Yilgarn craton, Western Australia
Yugoslavia
56,75
34,36,86
104-105,141
225
225
10
9,225
1Q.l.225
12,12_,225
32,101,102,133
240,268
Zambia 4,.illi.259,261
Zeolites 2, 10,46,70,75
Zimbabwe 53,135.152,241,269
Zinc deposits associated with lamprophyres 126 Zinc, high contents in spinels 50
Zircon
Zirconium, high contents in garnets
Zoning in lamprophyric intrusions
75
59
38