APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND NANO MATERIALS

Project Guide : MS. S.A.NAIK Presented By : YADAV ANIL. S

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COMPOSITE MATERIALS

1. Two inherently different materials that when combined together produce a material with properties that exceed the constituent materials.

2. Composite materials, often shortened to composites, are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level within the finished structure.

3. The properties of composite material is enable their widespread application (construction of aircraft and spacecraft,vessels, in civil engineering, electrical engineering

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CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

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APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL

1. Wood

2. Reinforced Concrete

3. Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

4. Non-Steel Reinforcement

5. Fiberglass

6. Turbine Blades

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Wood

Wood is a natural composite of cellulose fibers in a matrix of lignin. The earliest man-made composite materials were straw and mud combined to form bricks for building construction.

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REINFORCED CONCRETE

Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcement bars, reinforcement grids, plates or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the concrete in tension. The term Ferro Concrete refers only to concrete that is reinforced with iron or steel.

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Fiberglass

Fiberglass, is material made from extremely fine fibers of glass. It is used as a reinforcing agent for many polymer products; the resulting composite material, properly known as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) or glass-reinforced plastic (GRP).

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Nanomaterials

1. Nanomaterials is a field that takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology. It studies materials with morphological features on the nanoscale, and especially those that have special properties stemming from their nanoscale dimensions.

2. materials reduced to the nanoscale can suddenly show very different properties compared to what they exhibit on a macroscale, enabling unique applications. For instance, opaque substances become transparent (copper); inert materials attain catalytic properties (platinum); stable materials turn combustible (aluminum); solids turn into liquids at room temperature (gold); insulators become conductors (silicon). Materials such as gold, which is chemically inert at normal scales, can serve as a potent chemical catalyst at nanoscales.

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Nanoscale = billionths (10-9)

6 billion people8000 mile diameter

10 billion components8 inch diameter

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Types Of Nanomaterials

1. Nano-Objectsa) 1D - One dimensional nano-objects defined as nanoplates which

are essentially in nanoscale e.g. films and surface coatings.b) 2DS and 2DH - Two dimensional nano-objects defined as

nanofibres which may be solid e.g.nanorods, nanotubesc) 3D - Three dimensional nano-objects defined as nanoparticles which

would include nanopowders, fullerenes (or buckyballs), quantum dots and dendrimers.

2. Nano-Structured Materials (NSM)Nanomaterials are also taken to include nano-structured materials (NSM) in which the internal or surface structure is at the nanoscale.

NSM include agglomerates and aggregates .

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Application Of Nanomaterials

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Fullerenes And Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are elongated tubular structures, typically 1-2 nm in diameter and perhaps more than 1 mm in length. CNTs can be formed as single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)

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FUMED (AMORPHOUS) SILICA

Fumed amorphous silica is produced in high tonnage volumes, and used for a variety of applications. These include paints and coatings, polishing microelectronic devices, food contact surfaces and food packaging applications. Porous silica is also used in nano-filtration of water and beverages.

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Nanowires

Nanowires are ultrafine wires or linear arrays of dots, formed by self-assembly. They can be made from a wide range of materials. Semiconductor nanowires made of silicon, gallium nitride and indium phosphide has demonstrated remarkable optical, electronic and magnetic characteristics.

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ConclusionComposite Material • Composite materials offer endless design options.

• Structures can be produced with specific properties to meet end use requirements.

• The four main sectors driving growth of polymer composites have been construction, automotive, aeronautics, and wind energy. Polymer composites are becoming the material of choice for replacing traditional materials in the automotive industry. Compared to traditional materials, composites have higher strength-to-weight ratios, chemical and heat impact resistance and greater design flexibility.

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Conclusion Cont..Nano Material

1. Study of the needs and opportunities for coordinating future research and development in nanomaterials science are used for the advancement of technologies ranging from communication and information, health and medicine, future energy, environment and climate change to transport and cultural heritage.

2. Structures can be produced with specific properties to meet end use requirements.

3. The new fabrication technique, known as soft lithography, or SIL, offers many significant advantages over existing techniques, including the ability to scale-up the manufacturing process to produce devices in large quantities.

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Thank You !!!!!!

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