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Applications of InfraredThermography

Tahir Hussain

Sr. Scientist, DNPER

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Infrared Thermography

In 1800 Sir Frederick William Haerschel whileworking on thermal difference betweendifferent light colors discovered that

temperature increased from red to violet butthe temperature just beyond red portion washighest of all

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Infrared Thermography (contd.)

Any object that has a temperature aboveabsolute zero (-273.15oC) emits infraredradiations

The warmer the object, the more infraredradiation it emits

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Infrared Thermography (contd.)

Our eyes can only detect electromagneticradiations of ranging from 400m to 700m, allother form of electromagnetic radiations such

as infrared are invisible to human eye though itcontain very useful information

Infrared thermography is the science ofacquisition and analysis of thermal information

(infrared radiation)It is like infrared to visible range translation

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The Infrared Camera

The infrared energy coming from an object isfocused by the optics onto and infrareddetector

The detector sends the information to sensorelectronics for image processing

The electronics translate the data comingfrom the detector into an image that can be

viewed in the view finder or on a standardvideo monitor or LCD screen

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Applications ofInfrared

ThermographyCondition Monitoring

Research and Development

Medical and veterinary

Quality control and process monitoring

Non-destructive testing

Security Systems

And many others!

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Condition Monitoring

Mechanical, friction

Electrical maintenance

Furnaces and boilers

Fluid flow problems

Tanks and vessels

Building Diagnostics

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,

,

. C

. C

, C

, C

11

11

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Motors

Bearing problems

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

Image of tailbearings from twomotors underidenticaloperatingconditions clearly

indicating potentialproblem

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Electric Motor Bearing

Overheated motorbearing Over 80 C on

bearing housing

, C

, C

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Pumps

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

.

.

.

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

.

.

.

Two Reciprocating PistonPumps under similar loads

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Pumps

, C

, C

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Pump bearing

Pump bearing in needof maintenance.

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Bearings

Shaft misalignment and lack of lubricationcan cause excessive heating

*> . C

*< . C

.

.111

.

.

.

.

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Normal operating bearingin motor/coupling set

Shaft heating indicates internalproblem, likely a bad bearing

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Bearings

*> . C

*< . C

.111

.

.

.

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

.

Image of two identical bearings in a hoist clearly indicatea thermal anomaly

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Some more Examples of

Mechanical Friction

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Electrical Motor Windings

Overheated windings

*> . C

*< . C

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Clear temperature differences on distant motor (operating underidentical conditions as second motor) imply winding issues

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Electrical Motor Windings

Example of short circuit in the field winding

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Valves

Example of valves inpetrol-chemicalindustry

, C

, C1111

111

111

, C

, C

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Valves

Leakage detection

Amorphousheating on left(cold) side ofvalve indicates

leakage

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Transfer line

Stress cracks in insulation shown atelbow

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Furnace Items Pressure Vessel

Flange leakage

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Piping

Insulation breakdown

*> . C

*< . C111

.

.

.

.

.

.

Aluminum cladpiping withbreakdown ininsulation

Support

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Pipe sediment

Sediment in a pipe creates a cold spot

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Pipe sediment

Sediment along the length of this pipe

section shows up cool

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Tank levels

Indicating the fluid level in a storage tank

, C

, C

11

11

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Insulation defects

Ice formation in urethane insulation on ammoniatank

(-33 C inside)

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Overhead conduits

Scan ceiling electrical cable in trunking/ piping in difficult to reach areas

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High Voltage Electricity

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Low Voltage Electricity

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Insulation & Pipework

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Summary

Infrared Thermography is one of the moderntechnique used for fault detection anddetermining its severity

It has wide number of applications at powerplants and in process industry

It gives information about the point undermaximum thermal stress

Therefore providing the information about theaging of that equipment/component

Trending of thermal image data helps indetermining how rapidly the fault isdeveloping and hence enabling to estimate

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Thank You!!