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8/12/2019 Applied Thermal 3

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CAPSTONE REPORT

TOPIC: LEFT HAND DRIVE HYBRID

ELECTRICAL CAR (MONSTER 800)


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MONSTER 800


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Hybrid Electric vehicle

Hybrid Electric vehicle is a vehicle which uses both

internal combustion and electric power sources. The

presence of the electric power train is intended to achieve

either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or

better performance or better performance.

Basically a hybrid car or hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle

which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal

combustion engine which drives a generator to provide theelectricity and may also drive the wheel directly.
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Electricity


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FULL HYBRID

Full hybrid sometimes also called a strong hybrid, is a

vehicle that can run on just the engine, just the batteries, or

a combination of both.

The term most commonly refers to hybrid electrical

vehicle (HEVs), which combine an internal combustion

engine and one or more electrical motor.

As an example for hybrid,a mo-ped (a motorized pedal bike) is

a type of hybrid because it combines the power of a gasoline

engine with the pedal power of its rider, most ofthe locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric

hybrids.


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1. Left hand drive

2. 2 Seated Car

3. 4 x 4 System

4. Mirror Roof5. Hybrid Electric Car

6. Powerful Alternator

7. Leaf Spring Suspension

8. Rear Jumpers

This car possesses following

features:-


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9. Concept of windmill used for generation of electricity

10. AC power source available for house hold or any other use.


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OVERVIEW OF WORK

1. Making a left hand driven car:-

Cars in India are right hand drive. We have added an extra

feature to our car by making it a left hand drive car which

makes it quite different from other cars. opened the Dashboard

and kept it on one side then we removed the front Bonnet for

easy work flow. Then we removed the steering wheel. Now the

actual work starts. Now we went down where race pedal,

clutch and brake pedal are placed gets connected to the engine.

We unscrewed all these pedals and kept this aside. Now it wastime to remove the steering rod. After removing all the

assembly we kept it at some safe place and then went to other

side that is front left hand side.


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There we made 3 holes with a cutter and the holes were of sizesimilar to size of those pedals so that we can place all the righthand side pedals here. We also made one hole from where we

passed the steering rod. Basically this steering rod goes andconnects with the axle so earlier when it was right hand driventhere were all these rods present, we changes the position ofthis rod towards right hand side.

Then here we got a problem as we made it towards left so one

of rod went small, so here we made a nut joint by adding a rodin between. This rod goes and gets connected to a pinion teethwhich were towards right. We used the same but then we got a

problem, whenever we use to turn our steering right the tyreswere turning left that is motion was opposite it was due to this

the movement of rod around teeth so to our come this we madea new piece of this which was consisting of straight teeth. Thistime it was perfect. The motion of handle was same as that oftyres.


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Left Hand Drive


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OVERVIEW OF WORK continued..

Mirror roof :-

To make our car look different we decided to place a mirror

roof on place of simple roof. For that we used a cutter to cut

the whole roof, but before cutting we put a margin of 1.5 inch

all around the roof. This wide plate of roof was left because it

will be acting as a place where we will be placing our mirror.

By using cutter we got the required piece. Now it was time to

place a mirror. Here we got a difficulty as to place which

mirror because if we will be placing a simple mirror it can beeasily broke.


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So we took the help of internet and fount the one of the hardestmirror which is toughen so we went and order to make a glass

of 47.5 inch from side and 48.5 inch from centre that is to

make it little curved with a width of 34.5 inch. After our glass

was ready we brought it to our service place and installed this

mirror our the roof of our car with the help of Celent. Then we

allowed the celent to dry for 1 night


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Mirror roof


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We have removed the shocker suspension and replaced it with

Leaf spring suspension for better and comfortable drive.

Leaf Spring Suspension


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Attaching a differential :-A differential gear is an arrangement of beveled gears in such amanner such that the input torsion is taken up by a ring gearand distributed equally through two planetary gears to the side

gears which drive the shafts on either side.

While following a curved path, the inner wheel covers ashorter distance than the outer wheel.

By using the differential gear system, torque is split by the

differential gears into two components such that the outerwheel spins at greater angular momentum than the innerwheel. This eliminates slippage of the wheels and strain on theaxle


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Differential


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4 x 4 system


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This car possesses 4x4 feature which makes it totally different

We have the control to use the front wheel or to make it rear

wheel drive.


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Attaching a motor :-

We have couple the differential with a motor. Here we are

using a DC motor of 4 HP with a diameter of 7 inch and

require 24 volt to operate. We have welded this motor with the

differential so that it can be coupled easily. To control thespeed of motor we have used a clutch whose function is to stop

converting the rotatory motion of motor in translatory motion

of the vehicle. It makes the motor just spin but does not allow

the car to move from its place. As we press the lever downthat is release the clutch the rotatory motion of motor is

being converted into translatory motion that is car start

moving forward.


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Motor


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Calculations

TO calculate the size of motor

P=2NT/60 --------------------------------------------- 1

Where

N= number of rotation of wheel in rpm

T=torque

Now We know that

U=D N / 60

That is

N=60 x U / x D -------------------------------------------- 2

D here is diameter of wheel rim that is 30 cm=0.3 m

U here is the speed which we have supposed to be 60km/hr=60

x 1000/3600 m/sec= 16.66 m/sec= U


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Also T=Force x R ----------------------------------------------- 3

Force here is F= m x g

M here is masswhich we have supposed to be 800 kgG=acceleration due to gravity=9.8 m/sec^2

R=radius of motor= 3.3 cm= 3.3/100 m= 0.033m

Now let us calculate the size of motor required.


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Power for running Motor(r)

Power to derive motor is been given by 3 sources which are as

follows:-

Through electricity

Through wind energy that is through air

Through Alternator


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Through Electricity(r)

to run our motor we are using 2 batteries eac of 12 volt. We

have connected them in series as we require 24 volts. These

batteries give 180 ampere of current.

Now to charge these batteries we are using three system first

is through electricity.

We have connected the batteries with an Inverter which we are

using to charge the batteries. When ever our car is not in use wecan connect it to normal electric supply and charge the

batteries. The charging socket is been given on the left hand

side of the rear bumper.


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Through Alternator(r)

An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts

mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating

current.

Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a

stationary armature but occasionally, a rotating armature is used

with a stationary magnetic field; or a linear alternator is used.In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an

alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines

driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An

alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field iscalled amagneto.


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Alternators are used in modern automobiles to charge

the battery and to power the electrical system when

its engine is running

Similarly we have used alternator of 60 amp which is

charging our batteries when we are running our car on

engine.


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AC Power Output(r)

Our car has a special feature that it supplies 220 volt of AC

current which we can use for house hold purpose or during

time of emergency.

For this feature we have taken connection from inverter and we

have placed a socket on the rear left hand side bumper. This

socket supplies direct 220 volt which can be used for any

purpose. This current is always available, it doesn't matter

whether we are charging the batteries or not.


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Through Wind energy(K)

To charge our car batteries we have used the wind that is the air

as second power source. We have used the concept of Windmill.

For this we have attached two fans with 5 blades on each on

the front bumpers, when these fans rotates, they start producing

current because we know when ever coil rotates between

permanent magnet it produces current. In this manner thecurrent is being produced. This current we are using to charge

our batteries. To stop the back flow of current we have used a

Zenier diode.

The fans start rotating as soon as the car crosses the speed of30 KM/Hr.


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Scope of the project(K)

The main scope of our project was to make a car which can

solve the problem of fuel as the fuel prices are rising day by

day and also it is limited plus the gases it release is dangerous

to environment. So basically to make a car which is highly

economical or has high efficiency and is eco-friendly thatis does not have any harm to the environment. Through

this project we can also have knowledge about the engine and

its working practically and the condition and working of a

Hybrid car.


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Conclusion(o)

HYBRID CAR: -The hybrid car that we have made uses bothinternal combustion and electric power source. This car of ours

can solve environmental pollution problem as this car is an eco

friendly car.

4x4 function: - Our car has power in its all the 4 wheels i.e., itis basically a 4x4 car.

Left hand drive:- Our car is a left hand drive car.


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AC Source :- Our car also has a feature to supply AC

power to any household thing or anything which works on

AC power source like fan, light etc.

Mirror roof :- At place of simple ordinary roof, we have

added a mirror roof which makes it quite different from

others.

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