applying swot for analysis of urban water quality...
TRANSCRIPT
-
Setiawan WANGSAATMAJA & Arief SUTADIAN
The West Java EMA, Indonesia
Applying SWOT for Analysis of
A Case of Bandung Metropolitan Urban Water Quality Management:
-
WEST JAVA PROVINCE: 42.5 MILLION POPULATION
AREA: 3.7 MILLION HA
MAP: TJOEK-SOBIRIN 2005
WEST JAVA PROVINCE
METROPOLITAN BANDUNG
234,000 HA
INDONESIA
2009:
JAKARTA
-
Note: Unscale
N
Map: Bappenas & Wangsaatmaja, modified, 2010
Profile the Studied Area:
-
WRM in Bandung Metropolitan faces severe water problems
Challenges on water quality management
Measures to address water quality issues
The majority of previous studies focus on the examination of technical issues
A joint research among six southeast asian countries
Background:
-
N 200 People/Ha
POPULATION PRESSURE: SPATIAL, NATURAL RESOURCE & SOCIAL CONFLICT
7073527
2000: 6.178.955 People 2005: 6.923.900 People 2009: 7.073.527 People*
2010: 7.867.006 People 2015: 9.107.259 People 2020: 10.190.304 People 2025: 11.382.200 People
NEED TO EXPAND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES FURTHER OUT
IDEAL POPULATION: 3 4 Million People
BPLHD JAWA BARAT/ OTTO SOEMARWOTO/ 2004 *Data Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2009, BPS
-
Waste water from domestic source and lack of infrastructures (coverered area 24 50% over 5 past years)
Photos: PDAM Bandung, 2010
-
1. Facing ineffective of implementation command and control approach (standards, licensing and others)
2. Difficult to employ market based instruments (taxes, levies or Polluter Pay Principles)
-
Natural pollutans from upper area (land use pattern causing high erosion and run off level)
-
Sketch of monitoring results using STORET method (2001 2009)
-
Why using SWOT?
A tool for the planning and decision making process
It has been widely applied to environmental planning and water resources management
Easy to apply
Without appropriate procedure will be bias and subjective
Adopting IFAS & EFAS developed by other researchers (Noury et al., 2008)
-
SWOT ANALYIS:
-
INTERNAL EXTERNAL
Strengths Opportunities
Available laws National strategic river
Leaders commitment Support from national & international institutions
Research concerned Private public partnerships Decentralization Collaborative exchange
Weaknesses Threats
Overlapping laws Population pressure Lack of coordination Infrastructures Lack of monitoring and data base Public awareness
Lack of law enforcement Climate change
Factors considered as internal and external factors:
-
INTERNAL Weight Score Rating Priority
Strengths
Available laws 15 3 45 II Leaders commitment 15 4 60 I Research concerned 10 4 40 III Decentralization 10 3 30 IV
Weaknesses
Overlapping laws 10 4 40 III Lack of coordination 15 4 60 I Lack of monitoring and data base 10 3 30 IV Lack of law enforcement 15 3 45 II
100
Internal Factors Analsysis Summary (IFAS)
Score: 4 (high), 3 (moderate), 3 (low), 1 (very low)
-
INTERNAL Weight Score Rating Priority
Opportunities
National strategic river 15 3 45 II Support from national & international institutions
15 4 60 I
Private public partnerships 10 4 40 III Collaborative exchange 10 3 45 IV
Threats National strategic river 15 3 45 II Support from national & international institutions
15 4 60 I
Private public partnerships 10 4 40 III Collaborative exchange 10 3 45 IV
100
External Factors Analsysis Summary (IFAS)
Score: 4 (high), 3 (moderate), 3 (low), 1 (very low)
-
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Leaders commitments Lack of coordination
Available laws Lack of law enforcement
Research concerned Overlapping laws
Decentralization Lack of monitoring and data base
OPPORTUNITIES
1. SO STRATEGY 3. WO STRATEGY
Support from national and international institutions
National strategic river/watershed
Private public partnership
Collaborative exchange
THREATS
2. ST STRATEGY 4. WT STRATEGY
Population pressure
Lack of infrastructures
Public awareness
Climate change
IFAS
EFAS
Proposed strategies
-
1. SO STRATEGY
Using the current top management to synergize stakeholders support
Optimising institutional support and the status of river by using the current top management commitment
Using the experiences and facilities of international institutions
-
Enhancing national and international funds to implement water programs
Using decentralization mechanism to maximize public private partnership to increase water infrastructures
Optimising results of alliance researches in implementing action plan
Developing collaborative research
-
2. ST STRATEGY
Using top management for population control policy
Establishing concerned laws on more clear governing authority
Endorsing the related cities to control their population growth
Increasing local government budget for providing infrastructures
-
Increasing publicity, training, education, demonstration site at Citarum River by community building and collaborative networks at local level
Conducting and improving research on climate change and the impacts to water quality
-
3. WO STRATEGY
Improving stakeholders coordination mechanism at implementation level
Improving inter sector coordination on government policy implementation
Improving law enforcement through integrated law enforcement team in strategic river basin
Reviewing the existing laws and regulations on water quality and other related laws
-
Involving community participation and public private partnerships
Establishing effective monitoring and targets which are agreed by concerned stakeholders
Preparing long term monitoring plan which is agreed by concerned stakeholders
-
4. WT STRATEGY
Improving integrated team coordination to control population pressure
Arranging incentive and disincentive regulation to control population
Using local government authority Establishing an integrated team to support
law enforcement mechanism
-
Developing community base monitoring to support water quality monitoring system
Improving community based sanitation to increase sanitation coverage over the river
Determining the number of integrated wastewater treatments
-
Conclussions This tool enables to provide an overview of
SWOT There are various proposed strategies could
be done in managing better water quality
-
Acknowledgements:
Dr. Lex Laksamana, the Secretary of the Government of West Java Province
Dr. Suttipong of GIST
-
THANK YOU
The West Java Environmental Management Agency, Indonesia Jl. Naripan No. 25 Bandung 40111 www.bplhdjabar.go.id