ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY

Need for Energy saving eco-responsive sustainable development

Issue based Discussion

Part -2

BY

SHIRISH AVRANIArchitect - Planner

Building Centre / Building Technology Park -Concept

Indian Building Centre Movement

The objectives of Building Centre

1. Technology Transfer in the field of housing, building and development disseminations information on cost effective environment friendly and appropriate technologies in urban/rural areas through live projects.

2. Skill Upgradation and Training on various cost effective construction technologies

3. Manufacturing and Distribution Outlet eco friendly and cost effective building materials are made available to users including public agencies and individual home builders.

4. Developing Entrepreneurship for manufacturing and marketing of cost effective building components.

5. Hoiusing Guidance Centre a decentralised information and counselling centre for technology dissemination

6. Disaster Mitigation mass scale training, reconstruction, retrofitting and strengthening programme in disaster like earthquake, cyclone and flood affected areas with appropriate and cost effective technologies.

The first Building Centre ( Nirmithi Kendra) started by Mr. Rao at Quilon – Kerala : Works as a (1) Technology transfer from lab to land.(2) Research and Development (3) Manufacturing and marketing of building components (4) Taking up projects to make it economically viable.

Panchayat Ghar Constructed by Nirmithi Kendra in a village demonstrate various alternative technologies. ( Filler slab, Rat trap bond, Plastering technique, arches etc)

Demonstration building of Application of Science and Technology for Rural Areas (ASTRA) Benglore Visit during 1990

Demonstration building of ASTRA using stabilised mud blocks, RBC flooring and segmental arch made out of locally available tiles.

Interior view of an Institutional building using stabilised mud blocks, Reinforced Brick Construction (RBC)

Laboratory building : Stabilised mud block, segmental arch from locally available hollow clay tiles resting on pre cast beam system.

Domestic Solar water heater made out of Ferro cement – Use of non conventional solar energy.

View of Bio gas plant made out of steel tank and Non conventional bio gas plant made out of plastic felt .

It is a cost effective : Rs. 1200 against normal tank type bio gas plant costing Rs. 6500/-

Flexible : Can be install any where like roof top. Do not occupy permanent space on ground.

Bio mass inlet

Gas outlet pipe

Visit during February 2010

Research and Administration Building

Precast Ferro-cement steps Cantilevered from wall

Filler slab with stabilised clay tiles

Stairway, staircase, stairwell, flight of stairs or simply stairs are names for a construction designedto bridge

STAIRS

Neutral axis

reinforcement

Concrete in compression

FILLERS(below neutral axis)

Filler slab with Sabilised Clay tiles

Composite Beams and Panels as well as precast lintels with projections

Detail of pre- fab Weather shed cum lintels

Load on the linteld on the lintel

Corners being pushed insiders being pushed inside

OPTIMUM UTILIZATION of material is utilized by designing the lintel in such a way that it can transfer the load of the wall with minimum use of material and strength. Thus saving on cost and labor with just simple addition of flange to the lintel

Sagging of lintel

SMB oppose corners from coming inside.Hence stop lintel sagging.ence stop lintel sagging

Arch formingBetween the RCC beam

Rcc beam supported by load bearing SCBwall & column

Floor finish

Demonstration of Various types of roofing system

Photovoltaic panels

Heat dissipatedbelow from the back of P. V.

Cool air IS SUCKED in

Hot air rises out

AIR CONVENTION

STACK EFFECT

S.S. Beam with provision of water gutter &P. V. wire installations

Soil mud block wall

Window

WALLS-These are made of stabilized compressed mud block. Load bearing structures.

ROOFS.- These are made of patented aluminum ‘Y’ section toped with photo voltaic panels.

P.V.-Sloped facing south toGet maximum solar radiation.

WINDOW-windows are provided on the top most point just below the P.V. roofs to give air circulation to much heated P.V. and to remove heat built up in room

Roofing with photo-voltaic panels

WINDOW

PHOTOVOTIC CELLS

rain water gutters on both side

Channel -Section Detail

Stairway, staircase, stairwell, flight of stairs or simply stairs are names for a construction designedto bridge

STAIRS

WATER OUT LET

LED light provided for low wattage consumption

Mono crystalline silicone P.V. cell giving 17% efficiency as per manufacturer. But under current experiment giving only 12% of efficiency.

Sky light for maintaining required light levels naturally

LED light provided for low wattage consumptionJunction box at each panels

Y section steel beam with provision for wiring from junction boxes.

A Hospital building constructed out of stabilised mud block in Bangalore

Mass housing project (700 houses )at Yalanka (Benglore ) by Karnataka Housing Board.

Plinth : random rubble masonry. Walls : out of stabilised mud block using three inch top soil.

Construction of about 1200 school class rooms using various alternative technology in Karnataka

Building Centre net work in Andhra Pradesh : Chittoor

Impact of Building centres in India

Over 385 building centres were set up all over India ( up to 2006)

About 15 to 40 % savings were achieved.

Over 55000 masons, carpenters, barbenders, plumbers were trained through building centres.

Construction worth over Rs. 2 billion has been completed through building centres.

Unnati Campus at Navagam Nr. Bhachau

Composite structure of Stabilised mud blocks and stone masonry

Compressed stabilised mud blocks with 8 -10 % cement

Sustainable architecture is inbuilt in tribal culture since childhood.

Architecture might seem inconceivable without architects, but the richness of “Primitive” tribal traditions show that humans have an instinctive grasp of how to build , how to apply ornament, how to situate forms in landscape and how to give genuine meaning and structure to the rituals and romance of existence.

Thank You