approval sheet - abstract

8/10/2019 Approval Sheet - Abstract

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APPROVAL SHEET

The research project entitled Automatic LRT Ticketing System Using NFC enabled

Smartphone and Android Technology is prepared and submitted by Venus U. Arconada,

Kelvin P. Sison and Christian Paul M. Taburada, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for

the degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING, is hereby

approved and accepted.

Dr. Louie L. Lacatan

Adviser

Approved by the committee on oral examination with the grade of ____________.

Engr. Jay-ar P. LalataPanel Member

Engr. Joselito Eduard E. GohPanel Member

Engr. Marie Luvett I. Goh

Panel Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfilment for the degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING.

Engr. Lorenzo B. Sta. Maria Jr.

Chairperson

Date: _______________________


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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We, the Micro V of the subject Design Project would like to extend our deepest

gratitude to those who helped us in completing this project.

First we thank our Lord Godfor giving us the power to overcome the obstacles

during the creation of the prototype.

To our familiesfor giving us the moral support that we needed during the course

of trying out this design.

We also want to give our greatest thanks to the Sisonfamily for catering the need

of the group from the first day of the prototypes creation up to its delivery to the

university.

Special appreciation and thanks to our adviser Dr. Louie L. Lacatan, his wisdom

and advice are much obliged.

To our panel, Engr. Joselito Goh, Engr. Marie Luvett Gohand Engr. Jay-ar

Lalatafor challenging us in terms of the prototypes feasibility and functionality, and its

potential when the study is much more expounded by other researchers and hopefully by

other students.

We would also like to give our gratitude of thanks to Engr. Lorenzo Sta. Maria,

for giving us the opportunity to have this design project and also for imparting wisdom to

us future computer engineers.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page .......................................................... iApproval Sheet .......................................................... ii

Acknowledgments .......................................................... iii

Table of Contents .......................................................... iv

List of Tables .......................................................... viList of Figures .......................................................... vii

Abstract .......................................................... viii

Chapter I. The Problem and Its BackgroundA. Introduction .......................................................... 1

B. Background of the Study .......................................................... 2

C. Objectives of the Study .......................................................... 3

D. Significance of the Study .......................................................... 4E. Scope and Delimitation .......................................................... 4

F. Conceptual Framework .......................................................... 5

G. Operational Definition of Terms .......................................................... 5Chapter II. Review of Related Literature and

eeeeeeeStudies .......................................................... 7

Chapter III. Methodology

A.

General Method Used .......................................................... 13B. Procedure .......................................................... 13

Chapter IV. Results and Discussions

A. Unit Test .......................................................... 22B. Integration Test .......................................................... 23

C. Acceptance Test .. 25

Chapter V. Summary of Findings, Conclusions and RecommendationsA. Summary of Findings .......................................................... 27

B. Conclusions .......................................................... 28

C. Recommendations .......................................................... 29

References .......................................................... 30

AppendicesAppendix A. IEEE Paper Format .......................................................... 33

Appendix B. Pictures of the Prototype .......................................................... 39

Appendix C. User Manual .......................................................... 42Appendix D. Hardware Components

Specification .......................................................... 45

Appendix E. Schematic Diagram andLayout .......................................................... 47


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Appendix F. Data Sheet .......................................................... 49

Appendix G. Cost of Hardware Fabrication .......................................................... 59

Appendix H. Software ComponentSpecificationSpecification .......................................................... 61

Appendix I. Source Code .......................................................... 66

Appendix J. Evidence of Proofreading .......................................................... 97

Researchers Profile .......................................................... 99

.


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LIST OF TABLES

PageTable I Knowledge-Based Requirements

Specification of the Automatic LRT

Ticketing System using NFC enabled

Smartphone and Android Technology ............................................. 14Table II Level 0 functional Requirements of

the Automatic LRT Ticketing Systemusing NFC enabled Smartphone And

Android Technology ............................................. 17Table III Level 0 Functional Requirements of

the NFC Shield ............................................. 19

Table IV Level 0 Functional Requirements theServomotor ............................................. 19

Table V Table for unit testing of NFC Shield

and Servomotor............................................. 22

Table VI Result of Integration Test of NFCShield and Servomotor ............................................. 23

Table VII Result of Acceptance Test of

Engineering Requirement ............................................. 25


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LIST OF FIGURES

Page

Fig. 1 Conceptual Framework ............................................. 5Fig. 2 Level 0 diagram of Automatic LRT


Smartphone and Android technology ............................................. 17

Fig. 3 Level 1 diagram of Automatic LRTTicketing System using NFC enabled


Fig. 4 System Flowchart of Automatic LRTTicketing System using NFC enabled

Smartphone and Android Technology ............................................. 20

Fig. 5 Physical View of Automatic LRT




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ABSTRACT

Nowadays, mobile phone plays a huge role in a persons life. It is treated as an

important instrument used in communicating and connecting to the world. Over the years,

mobile phones have undergone series of development which resulted in the improvement

of its features and functionality. With the advent of new technology, mobile phones of

todays time boast a wide range of technology all contained in its rigid body of varying

sizes which is now popularly called smart phone. Smart phones are mobile phones with

more advanced computing capability and connectivity than basic feature phones. Smart

phones do not only provide entertainment and communication among people, but it is

slowly becoming a major means of accomplishing personal, social and business tasks.

Smart phones are enabled with a number of technologies which help realize its enhanced

functionality.

The general objective of this study is to develop a baffle gate while using NFC

and mobile payment as payment interface. This study focuses on the development of the

mobile payment to be implemented in having access into any establishment especially

train stations. Due to the development and budget constraint, the study would not

incorporate real monetary value; instead, to demonstrate the process involved in mobile

payment, a database will be used for it.

The study used descriptive method of research. It is logical and primarily focuses

on numeric data. The goal is the acquisition of factual, accurate and systematic data that


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can be used in averages, frequencies and similar statistical calculations. A descriptive

method of research will be used for calculating the angle behavior needed for the DC

Servo motor to operate so that the flap will open in the just right amount of space. This is

also the reaction time needed for the NFC shield to accept the smartphones data in order

for the prototype to activate.

The test result shows that the NFC shield and the Servomotor operates as in a way

that is expected, more adjustments will be executed in a manner that they will operate in

a more precise way. The components respond well when they are connected to each

other, minor adjustments are expected for the prototypes flawless operation and by

tapping the smartphone in the NFC shield; the user can gain access into the prototype.

We therefore conclude that in order to develop a system that can handle all the

financial interactions generated through mobile payment, the program in the prototype

must logically comply with any standard transactions being made by the local train

stations here in the Philippines specifically LRT and MRT and imitate their ticket pricing

and their way of transactions. The application itself should be in sync with the program in

the laptop and can properly send data from the phone to the prototype. The NFC shield

should be properly paired with the users Smartphone so that the users Smart phone must

be in range of the NFC shield and not more than 5 cm. The operation of the NFC shield

and how it will connect to the database have to be studied carefully must be taken into

consideration to improve the standard of over-the-counter transaction being used today.

The researchers recommend that the financial interactions of the prototype use

real money, in this way the prototype can be implemented in a way that it is intended in

terms of real transaction. The mobile application recommends to be downloaded in a way


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that it is easy for the users to gain or to purchase depending on the way it is used. The

prototype must have a dependent database so that it can be moved from one place to

another without plugging in a separate database. The researchers recommend that pair of

the automated baffle gate flap be used for further research.

approval sheet - abstract

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