aq7220 mini otdr

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AQ7220mini-OTDR

Instruction Manual

ANDO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

Copyright ANOO ELECTRIC co., LTD. JAPAN 1995

AS-62395-1 Rev. 3.0

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WARRNTYAll Ando Electric's products have been inspected with our severe quality assurancestandards.However, if any defect or trouble occurrng during transportation is found, contact to ourservice agency.Do not repair a defective ANDO' s product by yourself in order to avoid any physicaldamage. A repair of defective ANDO' s product must be performed by a serviceengineer approved by ANDO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.Ando Electric will replace, at no charge, the defective product(s) that occur within oneyear of the original date of product delivery.However, the defects due to an operation error, modification or retrofit by the customeror those caused by the natural disaster.s are serviced with charge.

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PREFACEThis manual describes the handling and mantenance of the AQ7220 Series mini-OTDR(referred to as this unit).Before using this unit for the first time, carefully read the "LASER SAFETY"~ "PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFETY" at the beginning of this manuaL.To understand the features and functions of this unit, read Chapter i, "OVERVIEW".The user who is going to operate this unit for the first time should first read Chapter 2,"PREPARATIONS FOR OPERATION".The basic measuring procedure is described in Chapter 3, "BASIC MEASUREMENT".Practical operating examples that wil be helpful in using this unit are described inChapter 4, "OPERATION".Periodic inspection and maintenance of unit is required. This procedure for cleaningoptical connectors and replacing batteries is described in Chapter 7, "MAINTENANCEAND DAILY INSPECTIONS".

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LASER SAFETYInitial Safety.Information for Laser Source Unit.The Specifications for these Units are as follows.

AQ7223 AQ7225 AQ7229Laser Type FP-Laser FP-Laser FP-LaserInGaAsP InGaAsP AlGaAsP/InGaAsPLaser Class 1 1 1According to 21 CRF1040.10(Canada, USA)Laser Class 3A 3A 3AAccording toEN60825 : 199 1(Europe)Pulse Width 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4, 10 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4,10 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4, 10

llsec llsec llsecBeam Diameter 10 llm 10llm 62.5 llmWavelength 1310:t30nm 13 1011550:t30nm 85011300:t30nm

NOTECanada, USA

CLASS 1LASER PRODUCT

The Laser safety warning labels are fixed on the optical unitNOTE

EuropeLASER RADIATION

DO NOT STARE INTO BEAM OR VIE\DIRECTYL VVTH OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

CLASS 3A LASER PRODUCT(EN60825 : 1991)

A sheet of laser safety warning labels are included with the optical unit. You MUSTstick the labels in the local language onto the outside of the mainframe, in a positionwhere they are clearly visible to anyone using the instrument.

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You MUST return instruments with malfunctioning laser boxes to a Service Center forrepair and calibration.

WARNINGUse of controls or adjustments or pedormance of procedures other than those specifiedfor the laser source may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

WARNINGRefer Servicing only to qualified and anthorized personneL.

WARNINGDo not emit a laser light when an optical fiber is not connected on the optical outputconnector. The optical output connector is located on the top panel of this instrument.The LD unit emits laser light when either "REAL TIME" or "AVERAGINGSTART/STOP" button is pressed. The buttons are located on the front panel of thisinstrument."LASER ON" is displayed on the display of this instrument while a laser light is emitted.

WARNINGUnder no circumstances look into the end of an optical cable attached to the opticaloutput when the device is operational.The laser radiation is not visible to the human eye, but it can seriously damage youreyesight.

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LASER SAFETYInformations .et Consignew de Scurit Relatives I'Utilisation desLasers.Les Spcifications des Modules Laser sont les Suivantes:

AQ7223 AQ7225 AQ7229Laser Type FP - Laser FP-Laser FP-LaserInGaAsP InGaAsP AlGaAsP/IGaAsPLaser Class 1 1 1According to 21 CRF1040.1 0(Canada, USA)Laser Class 3A 3A 3AAccording toEN60825 :1991(Europe)Pulse Width 0.02,0.1,0.4,1,4,10 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4, 10 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4, 10

llsec llsec llsecBeam Diameter 10 llm 10 llm 62.5llmWavelength 1310:t30nm 131011550:t30nm 85011300:t30nm

RemarqueCanada, USACLASS 1

LASER PRODUCT

Les etiquettes de scurit sont affiches sur Ie module laser.RemarqueEurope

RA YONNEMENT LASERNE PAS REGARDER FIXEMENT LE RAYON

NI LE REGARDER DIRECTEMENTAVEC DES APPAREILS OPTIQUES

(EN60825 : 1 991 )

Les etiquettes de scurit sont incluses dans le module laser. Il est obligatoire de collerune etiquette en langage local l exterieur de l appareil de telle sorte qu' elle soitparfaitement visible par 1 'utilisateur.

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11 est obligatoire de retourner tout appareil prsentant un dfaut de fonctionnement dulaser uniquement un centre de rparation.

AttentionL 'utilisation du laser en dehors de ses limites de performances et des procdures dfiniespar peut conduire une exposition dangereuse de 1 'utilisateur aux radiations.

AttentionSeulle personnel autoris par est qualifi pour intervenir sur le laser.

AttentionNe pas mettre de lumire quand la fibre optique n'est pas connect au connecteur desorite.Le connecteur optique de sorite est plac surle paneau du dessus de cet instrument.La diode laser met quand le bouton c(REAL TIME:: ou c(A VERAGING START/STOP::est activCes boutons sont situs sur la face avant de cet instrument.c(LASER ON:: s' affche sur l' affichage de cet instrument pendent l' mlssion de lalumire.

AttentionEn aucun cas ne tenter de regarder l'extrmit de la fibre optique attache au connecteUflorsque le laser est en activit.Bien que la lumire mise par le laser ne soit pas visible elle peut cependant tredangereuse pour la vue.

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ILASER SAFETYSicherheitsinformation fr Laser QuellenDie Spezifikationen fur die Lasereinschbe sind wie folgt:

AQ7223 AQ7225 AQ7229Laser Type FP-Laser FP - Laser FP-LaserInGaAsP InGaAsP A1GaAsP/InGaAsPLaser Class 3A 3A 3AAccording toEN60825 :1991(Europe)Pulse Width 0.02,0.1,0.4, l, 4, 10 0.02, 0.1, 0.4, 1,4, 10 0.02,0.1,0.4, 1,4,10

llsec llsec llsecBeam Diameter 10llm 10 llm 62.5llmWavelength 1310:t30nm 131011550:t30nm 85011300:t30nm

HinweisEurope

LASEP..T RAHLUNGNICHT IN DEN STRAHL BLiCKEN

AUCH NICHT MIT OPTISCHEN INSTRUMENTENLASERKLASSE 3A

(EN6082S : 1991)

Ein Blatt mit Laser Warnaufklebern ist jedem Lasereinschub beigefugt. Die Aufklebermssen in der Landessprache, fur den Anwender gut sichtbar, an der Aussenseite desGrundgerates angebracht werden.

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Defekte Lasereinschube mussen zur Reparatur oder zur Kalibration an ein Service Burogeschickt werden.

WARNUNGBedienung, Abgleicharbeiten oder die Durchfuhrung von Tests, die nicht im Handbuchangegeben sind, knnen zum Austritt gefhrlicher Strahlung fuhren.

W ARNUNGReparaturarbeiten durfen nur von qualifliziertem und bevollmachtigtem Personaldurchgefuhr werden.

W ARNUNG1st kein Lichtwellenleiter an den optischen Ausgabeanschlu angeschlossen ist, dieLaserausgabe nicht auf ENABLE stellen. Der optische Ausgabe-Anschlu befindetsich auf der Oberseite des Systems.Der Laserstrahl wird durch Betatigen der "REAL TIME" oder "AVERAGINGST ART/STOP"-Taste an der Vorderwand des Systems ausgegeben.Wahrend der Laserstrahl ausgegeben wird, zeigt des LCD-Display des Systems "LASERON" an.

WARNUNGWenn der Laser eingeschaltet ist, darfunter keinen Umstanden in das Ende des optischenKabels oder in den Laserausgang am Gerat geschaut werden.Der Laserstrahl ist fur das menschliche Auge unsichtbar, kann aber das Sehvermgenernsthaft verletzen.

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IPRECAUTION WHN HADLING POWERUPPLY . .The system power supply can be used in two ways. Before using any of these ways,thoroughly read the respective precautionary notes.(l External power supply & charger (for drving the system unit and for charging up

the battery pack)

This is an accessory of the systemunit. The CHARGE lamp keeps tolight durng battery charge-up, andit goes out when the battery pack isfully charged up.The charger can charge up a singlebattery pack only.

(Drawing No. : GG-62395-81) To pr~vent electrical shock hazards, be sure to ground the AC power circuit ofthe dedicate AQ7220 series charger.

CAUTIONNot dustproof nor the waterproof are given to the AC adaptor. The AC adaptor andAQ7220 might break down when the AC adaptor is used in outdoor. Please use onlyindoors.

CAUTIONWhen AQ7220 is used only with the AC adaptor, the battery is recommended to beremoved. The decrease in the battery longevity because of the overcharge can beprevented.

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Description of supply voltage of chargerThe supply voltage using range for chargers is as given in the table below:

To prevent fire accidents, be sure to use specified fuses given in the table below:-LINE FUSE

100 to 240 V F 2A 250V48 to 63 Hz 60 VA

To install fuses, pull out the fuseholder, set a pair of two fuses andthen insert them to the unit.

To insert or pull out the power plug, be sure to do it while holding the plug underthe power OFF status.

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CI Battery pack Use the dedicated battery pack.Model name: LC-SA122R3AUManufacturer: Panasonic (Matsushita Electric)

Before using the battery pack, thoroughly read the battery pack handlingprecautions.

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PRECAUTIONS FOR BATTERY PACK HANDLING I(1) Do not throw the battery pack into a fire.(2) Do not short the terminals.(3) Do not attempt to disassemble the battery pack.( 4) Take care not to bump or drop the battery pack.

(5) To prevent any troubles of battery pack, visually inspect the battery pack on aperiodic basis for damage or solution leakage.(6) Storage of battery pack

. For storage of the battery pack, select a cool location where the temperature doesnot rise.

. Do not place the battery pack in a place where is exposed to direct sunlight orwhere the temperature may rise (e.g., automobile dashboard). Otherwise, itshortens the battery life and results in frequent self-discharging.(7) Do not use a battery charger other than the specially ~csigned for the battery pack.(8) When the battery pack is to be stored for a long period of time without using,remove it from the main unit because a very small current flows even if power is

turned off.(9) The operating time may slightly shorten after a long time of its storage (1 to 2 yearsat the room temperature). If such is the case, charge the battery pack for about 12

to 15 hours. It should be charged at least every 6 months.

(10) Before removing the battery pack, turn off the main unit power switch anddisconnect the external power supply.(1l) The battery pack should be charged at a temperature between 5 to 35C, because itis liable to be affected by the ambient temperature.(12) When the battery alarm LED lights, charge the battery as early as possible. If the

battery pack is used continuously without being charged, or if the main unit is leftturned on, an overcharge condition will occur, resulting in the shortening of thebattery life.

(13) If battery solution (dilute sulfuric acid) comes into contact with the skin by accident,flush with water immediately.

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IPRECAUTIONS FOR SAFETYo Read this manual and the precautions for safety in it carefully

before using the device.o Maintain this manual at a location easy to access.

This manual employs the following safety alert symbols to provide basic safety rules andprecautions. They are intended to ensure correct use of the product and thus to preventpersonal injury that could occur to your or other persons and physical damage. Themeaning of the safety alert symbols are as follow.Please take the time to familialize Y01lself with this section before going to othersections of this manuaL.. Safety precautions and rules to be observed are identified with the following safety

alert symbols:L This symbol represents safety precautions or rules (includingWarning and Danger notices) that require users' attention.(Actual "Signal Word" is entered inside the symboL.)e This symbol represents safety precautions or rules users mustobserve.(Actual "Signal Word" is entered inside the symboL.)(S This symbol represents banned user actions.. Sample safety alert symbols

WARNINGThis symbol identifies hazards which can result in death orserious personal injury if this warning is unheeded and thesystem is improperly handled or operated.

CAUTIONThis symbol identifies hazards which can result in personalinjury or physical damage if this caution is unheeded andthe system is improperly handled or operated.

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This symbol identifies hazards which can result in fuming or fire hazard ifthis caution or safety rule is unheeded and they system is improperlyhandled or operated. This symbol identifies hazards which can result in electric shock if thisprecaution or safety rule is unheeded and the system is improperly handledor operated. .i This symbol identifies hazards which can result in bodily hurt if thisprecaution or safety rule is uneeded and the system is improperly handledor operated.6 This symbol instructs to remove the power plug from the plug outlet toensure work safety... This symbol identifies general safety rules to be observed by users.

1. Restrictions on the Operating Environment

ake care so that water may not flow into the system or the system may notbe exposed to water, otherwise fire hazard, electric shock or system failurecan result.2. Restrictions on the Operating Conditions(9 Be sure to use the specified battery pack and charger, otherwise fire hazard,electric shock or system failure can result.3. Setup and Installation Work3.1 Precautions intended for setup and installation personnel

(9 When engaged in operation with this equipment held in hand, for instance,be careful to its dropping, otherwise a bodily injury can result. Avoid disorderly, complex wiring from the power supply, otherwise cableoverheating or fire hazard can result. Insert the power plug securely to the plug outlet, otherwise fire hazard orelectric shock can result if a metal piece touches the power plug.

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3.2 Restrictions and bans on the installation environment and conditions

it Don't install the system into a highly humid or dusty place, otherwiseelectric shock or system failure can result.(9 Don't install the system on an unstable base or inclined place, otherwisepersonal injury can result when it falls or tumbles down.(9 Don't install the system in a place exposed to severe vibrations or shocks,otherwise personal injury can result when it falls or tumbles down.(9

Don't insert or drop a metal bar from the system openings, otherwise firehazard, electric shock or other personal injury can result.

(9 Keep the power cord away from the heating units, otherwise fire hazard orelectric shock can result from the damaged coating.0 Hold the plug portion when pulling the power cord out of the outlet,otherwise fire hazard or electric shock can result from the damaged cord.(9 Don't handle the power cord with wet hands, otherwise electric shock canresult.0 Don't place the system in a high temperature environment such as a placeexposed to direct sunlight or inside of a vehicle, otherwise system failurecan result from overheating of inside the system.3.3 Banned actions in the system installation0 Don't try to move the system without making sure that the power plug hasbeen removed from the plug outlet and external connection cables havebeen disconnected.(9 Don't damage or rework the power cord, otherwise fire hazard or electricshock can result from the cord damaged by heavy substance placed on it,excessive heat or tension applied to it.

4. Precautions Before Starting the SystemPlease read this instruction manual carefully and familiarize yourself with theinformation provided in it.

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5. Usage (1/2)

Operate the system in accordance with the procedure provided in theinstruction manuaL.When a safety alert symbol (Warning, Danger or Caution mark) is provided,operation instructions provided in the manual must be heeded.rea surrounding the system must be free of a water filled container ormetal pieces, otherwise fire hazard, electric shock or system failure canresult from the spilt water or dropped metal piece.

0 Do not use not specified batteries in any devices using batteries. Also, donot use new batteries and old ones in mixture.Be sure to insert a battery after making sure its polarity indication (its plus.. -- and minus directions). If wrong in this direction, it can cause a firehazard, bodily injury or contamination of the surrounding due to a ruptureor liquid spill of the battery.~ Don't rework the power cord nor forcibly bend, twist or pull it, otherwisefire hazard or electrc shock can result.GJ

Don't try to disassemble or retrofit the system, otherwise fire hazard,electric shock or bodily injury can result.0 Do not short the charging terminal with a piece of metal, otherwise firehazard or system failure can result.0 Do not charge the charging terminal to which water drop sticks intact,otherwise fire hazard or electric shock can result.6 When the system is not to be used for a long period of time, remove thepower plug from the plug outlet to ensure safety, otherwise fire hazard,electric shock or system failure car result from lightning.g Use caution when opening or closing doors on the system so that yourfingers may not be pinched.

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5. Usage (2/2)

(9 Do not use this equipment at OC or less, otherwise the indicator operationcannot be guaranteed.(9 Be sure to insert or remove connectors and others to and from thisequipment after turning off its power supply, otherwise fire hazard, electricshock or system failure can result.6. Maintenance and InspectionPeriodic system maintenance and inspection is recommended.When you have any question on the maintenance or inspection, contact us at the list

attached to the end of this manuaL.usts settled inside the system for a long period can cause fire hazard orsystem failure.7. Actions Required for a System Failuref the power cord is damaged, contact us for its replacement.Continued use of such cord can cause fire hazard or electric shock.6 Should a foreign substance dropped into the system, turn the system poweroff first, then remove the power cord from the plug outlet and contact us.Fire hazard, electric shock or system failure can result from continued use

of the system in such state.6 Should an abnormal state such as fume, smoke or offensive odor is detectedon the system, turn the system power switch off immediately, then removethe power plug from the plug outlet. Making sure that fume or smoke isnot present any more, contact us for repair. Continued use of the system insuch state can result in fire hazard, electric shock or system failure.Never try to fix the trouble on your own. It is an extremely dangerous try.6 Should the system is dropped or damaged, turn the system power off,remove the power plug from the plug outlet, then contact us.Continued use of the system in such state can result in fire hazard, electricshock or system failure.ti Should the system failed, customers strongly advised not to try fix thefailure, otherwise electric shock or personal injury can result.Our warranty is not applicable to the system repaired without previousnotice to and consent from us.

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8. Precautions on Disposal

A~ Don't place the system in fire for its disposal, otherwise fire hazard or burncan result if it exploded.

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Hazard IdentificationThis manual uses the following hazard identification markings that the operators andservice personnel must be aware of all hazards associated with this system.1. Dangers, Warnings, Cautions, and Notes

(1) Priority of hazard informationThe priority of hazard information is as follows:Dangers:: Warnings;: Cautions;: Notes

(2) Meanings of hazard information

DAI'1GER: Identifies immediate hazards that will result in death or severepersonal injury. This is the highest priority hazardidentification marking.WARNING: Identifies hazards or unsafe practices that can result in severe

personal injury.CAUTION: Identifies hazards or unsafe practices that can result in damageto system units or can "interrpt" system operations.Note: Identifies an auxiliary information about exceptional rules,

corrections, and restrictions.2. Reference Pages

The page or pages that you should refer to are shown.An example of "See Page 2-1".3. Pictorials of Operation Keys

This manual shows the system operation keys as follows:i

(i

JIndicates a key top character.Indicates a front panel or rear panel name.

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Please note the following points when you use AQ7220 mini-OTDRCAUTION

Please power off the instrument immediately \vhen the battery alarni is displayed.Moreover, please be sure that the instrument is powered off after use.Do not leave it power on, otherwise the internal data may be destroyed or the instrumentmay not start up.

CAUTIONDisplay being deleted while starting and repeating reset show that the amount of thebattery remainder decreases very much.For this case, please power off the instrument immediately and charge with the battery orswitch to the AC operation.Do not leave it power on, otherwise the internal data may be destroyed or the instrumentmay not start up.

CAUTIONExchanging a built-in battery, please remove the charger from the instrument and be surethe instrument is powered off.Otherwise, the internal data may be destroyed or the instrument may not start up.

CAUTIONThere is the Ni-Cd battery for the internal memory besides a built-in battery in theinstrument.Please power on the instrument for 10 hours or more a month to charge this N i-Cdbattery.Otherwise, it may not be able to reactivate.

NotePlease power off and on again after the formatting of the internal memory.

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NoteThere is a possibility that the data of an internal memory is destroyed when displayed onthe start screen immediately after the power on as follows.

Internal memories are need to format.Pushing the encoder to format.Do you format? (Y IN) Y

In this case, please execute the format as a rule. (When the format is executed, all theinternal memory data is deleted.)When the format is not executed, neither save nor recall of the internal memory data canbe likely to be done.When the internal memory data is nec~ssary by all means, the data might be able to berevived according to the following procedures. (Whether the data can be revived differsaccording to the state of destruction of the internal memory data)

Step l: "N" is selected on the format demand screen.Step2: Please power off and on again.

When the format demand screen is displayed again, the internal memory datacannot be revived.Please select "Y" and execute the format.

Step3: The necessary data is recalled with File Mode.There is the data which cannot be recalled according to the state ofdestruction of an internal memory, too.

Step4: The recalled data is saved on the Floppy Disk or the PCMCIA Memory Card.Step5: When recall and save of the necessary data are completed, the Floppy Disk or the

PCMCIA Memory Card is taken out.Step6: The Format is selected with File Mode and an internal memory is formatted.Step7: Please power off once when the format is completed.Step8: When the next power on, it is possible to use it as usuaL.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. OVERVIEW................... ............. ....... ........ ................................ .............. 1-11.1 OUTLINE..... ............................. .................................. ........................ 1-11.2 FEATURES.................. ...................... ..... ..................... ......... .............. 1-11.3 ACCESSORIES.................... ................... ............... ............................ 1 - 31.4 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................ l-41.5 OPTION ............ ....... ............ ..... ........ ..... ......... .................................... 1-61.6 APPLICABLE IC MEMORY CARDS ............................................1-71.7 UPDA TING SOFTWARE VERSION .............................................. 1-8

2. PREPARATIONS FOR OPERATION .......................................... 2-1EXPLANATION OF OPERATING PANELS ................................ 2-1DESCRIPTION OF EACH SECTION ON DISPLAY UNIT ........ 2-5DESCRIPTION OF INTERFACE ...................................................2-10DESCRIPTION OF HELP FUNCTIONS ....................................... 2-l1ATTACHING/DETACHING THE LIGHT SOURCE UNIT .......2-12

Detaching the unit........ .................................................. ............... 2- 1 2Attaching the unit........... ................ ........ ...................................... 2-12

POWER SUPPLY AND BATTERY OPERATION .......................2-13

2.12.22.32.42.5

2.5.12.5.2

2.6

3. BASIC MEASUREMENT .......... .......... ........ ...... .......... ...................... 3-13 .1 POWER ON ........................................................................................ 3-13.2 FIBER CONNECTION ..................................................................... 3-23.3 AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT .................................................... 3-33.4 MANUAL MEAS UREMENT .. ......... ........... ............................ .........3-6

3.4.1 Manual measurement 1 ................................................................3-6

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3.4.23.5

3.5.13.6

3.6.1

3.6.23.6.3

l\lanual measurement 2 ................................................................3-9AUTO SEARCH FUNCTION.. .............. .................. ........... ......... ..... 3-1 i

Operation procedures ................................................................... 3-11AN EXAMPLE OF BASIC MEASUREMENT............................... 3-14Absolute distance measurement(measurement of 10 Km long optical fiber) ................................ 3-14Loss measurement (with a 25 Km long fiber)............................. 3-16Measurement of reflective attenuation ....................................... 3-18

4. HOW TO USE THE UNIT ................................................................. 4-14.1

4.1.14.1.24.1.34.1.44.1.5

4.24.2.14.2.2

4.34.3.14.3.24.3.34.3.44.3.5

4.44.4.14.4.24.4.3

SETTING THE MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS .......................4-1Measurement .................................................................................4-1Analysis ... ............ ............. ............................ ........................ ..........4-15Display........................ ..................................... ...............................4- 2 1System................................................................................;........... 4- 27Repeat.................. ........................................................................... 4- 33

MEASUREl\1ENT .... ........................................ ............ ............ ..........4-40P revi e,,' ........................................................................................... 4-40A veragin g....................................................................................... 4-40

EDITING THE MEASUREMENT RESULTS ............................... 4-43Marker setup .. ......... ................................... ......... ...................... ....4-43Label input...... ......... ....... ............................................................... 4-58COND ITI ONS setup. .................................. .......... .............. ..........4-63Auto search of connection point ..................................................4-7 iD ISPL.A Y .......................... ................................... ..........................4-92

SAVING THE MEASUREMENT DA TA........................................4-1 0 1Save........................................ ............ ........... ........... .......... ............4-101Recall...................... .......... ..... ........... ......................... .....................4-107Copy.............................................................. ......... ................ ........4-114

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4.4.44.4.54.4.64.4.7

4.54.5.1

Delete................................. ............. ........... ..................................... 4-120Format.... ........... ....... ....... ............................ ... ........................ .... ....4-125File format................................ ..................................................... 4-133Printout ....................... ...................... ........................ .....................4-134

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS .................................................................... 4-137Fax function (optional) .... ............... ................ ................ ........ ...... 4-138

5. AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT UNDER REMOTEOPERATION ...........................................................................................5- 1

CONNECTION OF RS-232C .CONNECTOR.................................5-1MEASUREMENTS UNDER REMOTE OPERATIONS ..............5-1

5.15.2

5.2.15.2.25.2.3

5.3

5.3.15.3.25.3.35.3.45.3.55.3.65.3.75.3.85.3.9

Control commands and transmission data formats...................5-1Delimi ter ....;................................................................................... 5-1Handling the error commands..................................................... 5-2

PROGRAMMING METHODS FOR THE AUTOMATICMEASUREMENTS ... ...... ..... ...... ..................... ... .... ..... .......................5-41

Outline.. ......... ......... .......... ......... ....... .... ....... ...................................5-41RS-232C cable connection specification .....................................5-41Transmittng the commands and receiving the data .................5-42Outline............................................................................................ 5-42RS-232C cable connection specification ..................................... 5-43Transmitting the commands and receiving the data ................. 5-44Outline............................................................................................ 5-44RS-232C cable connection specification .....................................5-45Transmitting the commands and receiving the data ................. 5-45

6. HO'V TO USE THE OPTIONS........................................................ 6-16.1 HOW TO USE THE MOUSE ........................................................... 6-1

6.1.1 Connecting the mouse...... ........................ .............................. .... ...6-1

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6.1.26.1.3

6.26.2.16.2.26.2.3

Operating the mouse................................................... .................. 6-lPrecautions when using the mouse .............................................. 6-1

HOW TO USE THE KEYBOAR................................................... 6-3Connecting the keyboard................... ........... ....................... ........ 6- 3Operating the keyboard... ........................................... ................. 6- 3Precautions when using the keyboard ........................................6-4

7. MAINTENANCE AND DAILY INSPECTIONS....................... 7-17.1 CLEANING THE MAIN UNIT ..... ............................................. ...... 7-17.2 OPTICAL CONNECTOR CLEANING ..........................................7-17 .3 BATTERY REPLACEMENT .................................. .........................7-47.4 FUSE REPLACEMENT....... ............................................... .............. 7-57.5 TROUBLESHOOTING ................. ....... .............................................7-6

Attachment TERMINOLOGy....... ............................................ ............... A-l

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1. OVERVIEW

1. OVERVIEWCAUTIONCarefully read the "PRECAUTION" prior to this chapter before operating the unit.

1.1 OUTLINEThe AQ7220 Mini-OTDR sends optical pulses onto an optical fiber, and detects bothbackscattering lights caused by the Rayleigh scattering of the fiber and reflected lights byconnection points or break points. This AQ7220 meter can detect a failure point from asingle end of an optical fiber cable and can efficiently measure the signal transmission lossand others. The separate optical module design (optional) allows easy system unitreplacement. An appropriate system can be configured according to the measurementwavelength, optical fiber type and other application parameters used.1.2 FEATURESThe AQ7220 series mini-OTDR offers the following features:

*' Wide dynamic range31 dB/29 dB (1.3111.55 llm when combined with AQ7225A unit.)31 dB/31 dB (0.85/1.30 11m when combined with AQ7229A unit.)

* Sampling resolution50 cmSmall size and lightweight235 x 340 x 100 mm, approx. 4.6 kg

* Simple operationMeasurement can be performed by merely pressing a single key.

* Three-power supply operationBattery operation allows the unit to be used in the field.

* Convenient memory featureMeasured data of optical fiber path can be stored in the internal memory, 3.5inch floppy disc, memory card (to be sold at cost separately) conformed to thePCMCIA 2.0/JEIDA 4.1 or HDD conformed to the PCMCIA (to be sold at costseparately).The data on the memory card can be read on a personal computer usingemulation software (sold at cost separately).

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1. OVERVIEW

'* Data print-out featurePrintout port for data lists and measured traces is provided.

'* Easy to see screenThis unit employs a 7-inch TFT color LCD, and it also provides the same sizemonochrome display (as an option).

'* InterfaceThis unit mounts RS232C, Centronics and PCMCIA (type 2 or tye 3) asstandard equipment. Also, it can easily analyze and edit measured data ofoptical path using VGA, keyboard and mouse connector for external connectionwithout providing a personal computer.

'* Automatic measurement of return lossWith these features, this unit can be widely used to measure fiber cable from subscriberlines to repeater systems, and also it has application from cable installation to maintenance.

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1. OVERVIEW

1.3 ACCESSORIES

CD Main unit( Battery pack x 1 unit5 The battery pack is built in thec5 main unit.C) CI Protector x 4 unitsC) These are removable protectors used to protect the main unit00- against mechanical shock.(1 Shoulder belt x i unitFR V I El

~ Charger for AQ7220 series (Drawing No. GG-62395-81) x 1 unitConnection cord x 1Power cord x 1Fuse x 4 units (Two of these fuses are already mounted on the charger.)rw ~

1-Tl.,_il

~ (C Instruction Manual x 1 copy

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1. OVERVIEW

1.4 SPECIFICATIONSSpecifications of this unit are shown in Table 1 - 1 and those of optical units in Table 1 -2.

T bl 1 1 S 'fie - )peCI icatlOnsDisplay unit 7" monochrome display or 7" TFT color LCD (option)Automatic Connection loss threshold level setting range: 0.01 to9.99 dBmeasunng B(O.OldB steps)feature Return loss threshold level setting range: 20 to 70 dB

Automatic setting of measuring range using a single keyAutomatic measurement of total return loss

Screen Distance range 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, l60 km (*)horizontal axisdisplay

Sampling resolution 50cm min.Reading resolution 1 cm min.Number of sampled 20,000 points maximumdataDistance :: (2.0xl0-5xMeasured distance (m) +2 m)measurementaccuracySetting of group 1.00000 to1.99999 and 0.00001 stepsindex of refractionDistance unit tyes km, mile and kf (kilofeet)

Screen vertical Vertical axis scale 0.2dB/div, 0.5dB/div, IdB/div, 2dB/div,axis display 5dB/div

Reading resolution O.OOldBMemory Internal memory and 3.5" floppy disc driveInterface RS232C 9 pin D-sub

Centronics 25 pin D-subVGA monitor 15 pin D-subKeyboard 6 pin DIN(PS/2 type)Mouse 6 pin DIN(PS/2 type)PCMCIA card slot PCMCIA type 2 slot or tye 3 slot,

hard disc card, and memory card (option),etc.

(*) Distance range for AQ7229A (0.85llm) is 2, 5, LO, 20 and 40 km.

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1. OVERVIEW

a e - Deci ications ant.Power supply AC adapter 100 VAC to 240 VAC

Battery pack Small-size sealed lead storage battery (LC-SA122R3AU manufactured by Panasonic,Matsushita Electric)

Environmental Temperature Working temperature range: o to 4QC,conditions (or 5 to 40Cforfloppy disk) and

storage temperature range: -20 to 50CHumidity 85% or less

Dimensions and Approx. 235 X 340 X 100 mm, approx. 4.6 kgweight (including the protector)

T bl 1 1 S 'fi (C )

T bl 1 2 S 'fi fO . 1 U .e - )peci ications 0 Jptica nitModel name AQ7225A AQ7229AAQ7223A 1) I -

Measuring fiber 10/125 pm 62.5/125 pmSM GI

Wavelength 2) 131 0:t30 nm 1550:t30 nm 850 nrn1300 nm:t30 nmDynamic range 31 dB 29 dB 31/31 dBDead zone 3) Event 4) 5 m (TYP)Attenuation 5) 25 m (TYP)Optical connector Universal type

(FC, SC, DIN, ST, BICONIC, SMA)Class of laser products Class 1 (llC, FDA, JIS)

1) The AQ7223A is intended for the wavelength of 1310 nm alone.2) T=25C at 1 f1 s pulse width.3) Two types of standards ar~ provided for the dead zone. Refer to the Terminology

attached for the detaiL.The width of unsaturated fresnel reflection pulse (return loss 40 dB) at the point1.5 dB less than the peak at 20 ns pulse width.Input optical plug return loss40 dB at 20 ns pulse width.

4)

5)

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i. OVERVIEW

1.5 OPTION

Table 1-3 Optional UnitsNo. . Option name Product name1 Battery pack LCS-2312PC (Panasonic)2 Charger for AQ7220 Drawing No. ; GG62395-8 i

(for one charger)3 Printer DPU-411 TYPE2 (SEIKO),

DPU-412 (SEIKO),DPU-414(SEIKO),BJ-30V (Canon)

4 Printer cable5 Hard disc drive6 Memory card7 Emulation software8 Soft carring case9 Facsimile modem card (a Contact us for its

set) information.The battery pack and chargers of items i and 2 above are included in the main unit asaccessones.

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1. OVERVIEW

1.6 APPLICABLE IC MEMORY CARDSThis unit is provided with a memory card interface complying with PCMCIA Ver. 2.0 orlater or lEIDA Ver. 4.1 or later. For this unit, select a memory card that satisfies thefollowing conditions.(1) Standard: On and after PCMCIA Ver. 2.0 or later, or lEIDA Ver. 4.1 or later(2) Memory type: SRAM(3) Capacity: 256 K bytes, 512 K bytes, 1 M bytes, 2 M bytes, or 4 M bytes(4) Table 1-4 shows the number of fies to be stored in memory by memory capacity.

Since the memory capacity differs according to the type of recording format of thisunit (~Item 4.4.1 (4)), this table shows the number of fies to be stored when thedata under same conditions is recorded.

Table 1-4Memory capacity File recording format

(in bytes) .TRA .SCR .SET .TIF .BMP256K 5 250 250 6 6(17)512K 11 500 500 13 13(35)

1M 22 976 976 25 25(69)2M 45 1953 1953 51 51(138)4M 90 3906 3906 103 103(276)Note: The. TRA rmv, the upper column indicates number of files the unit can hold

when data size is 20K, and the lower column indicates number of files whendata size is 5K.

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1. OVERVIEW

1.7 UPDATING SOFTWAR VERSION

In this system, a new softare can be supplied through a floppy disk to meet requirementsof a new unit or for functi.onal enhancement. Refer to the Manual attached to the floppydisk for the software updating procedure.

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2. PREPARATIONS FOR OPERATION


2.1 EXPLANATION OF OPERATING PANELS

Figures 2-1 through 2-3 show the names and functions of each operating paneL.

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2. PREPARATIONS FOR OPERA TlOi'

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2.2 DESCRIPTION OF EACH SECTION ON DISPLAY UNITFigure 2-4 below describes names and functions of each sections on the display unit.

(1)(2(3

(260)

(29) (31)

MODE SETUPMENU . . 4 . LABEL-7 .B09dB m;AlNDOIOlB. TRA:

(28)(27)

(4) M~ MARKER 1, . , , . . . . ,---.,---.------.....---_._---..-----_._.....-.-.._-- .,---------,.---------...,------------,.-----------..----------_.I . , . . . . I ,I , I , . I .. , I , , , ,. , . , i I i, I . , , , ,. I . . , ., , . . , . , .----------..---------..- -----.,----------,.--------- .,--..-------.. ---------..------------,.-----------.,------------, , I . . I I I ,'I' I . I. "". Ii I i I . , , I. I . I . , . .. , , I . , . .., ..",----------.,---._---~._.__._-..----_._-..- ---- ----------, ---------.,------------,.----------.,------------, . I . . I , . I32) MARKER 2 (26d)(5)(6)(f(8(9(IIJ

(11)(12)(15)

DIULN)(RPTLSAFILAUT20kSF!REF (26b)

. I " '". I ,. ,. I. I " " I, , .. I I I------_..,---------,.---------,------..-----_.- -------- .--_......-~---------..-..._.__.~,...-.-_...~ ~ ~(3~. ~ ~ ~ : ~. , , I . I . I, , . . . , . .---------,-----------,.--------,---------..------- ".----.-----r- --------,--------._._..___________,------------. . , , , . , . ,, . . , , , . ., . . , . . . ,, . . , . , I ,, , , , . , , ,, , , , . , . ., , . . . , , .--------..----------..---------,-----------..-------- ..-.._-.----..-- -----..------------..-----------,----------_.--:----1 ("'-i"" ~j~. t-"~- - _~(3_ i ----

CLEARCURSOR (26c)

MORE

(33)(13)(14)(16)(17)(18)(19)

(26 a)AUELENGTH:1.31 ~m SMPW : 4~slOR :1.4BOOATTEN : O. OdBAUERAGES 65k (2A 16)ET THE SELECTED MARKER AT TH

'"(21J (21) (24)(25)(40

(2 (23)Fig. 2-4 Display

(1) MODEDisplays the selected mode in highlight.

(2) MENUDisplays the selected menu in highlight.

(3) Vertical axis display start levelDisplays the vertical axis display start level value (at above the waveform displayframe). Displayed value is the internal reference value 48.l60 (dB).

(4 ) Vertical axis scaleDisplays the value per division on the vertical axis.

(5) DIYDisplayed when the AVERAGING is used (-- Item 4.1.1)... ::

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(6) LNKDisplayed when the CURSOR LINK is used (~Item 4.3.l).(7) RPT

Displayed when the REPEAT mode is used (~Item 4.1.5).(8) LSADisplays either TP A or LSA approximation being currently selected (~ Item 4.1.2).

(9) FILDisplayed when the FILTER is used (~Item 4.1.1).

(10) OBODisplayed when the AUTO SETUP is used (~ Item 4.1.1).(11) 20k

Displays the number of sample data per wavelength (~ Item 4. . ).

(12) SFTDisplayed when the SLOPE FIT is used (~Item 4.3.1).

(13) Cursor distanceDisplays the distance from the cursor zero point to the cursor.

(14) WavelengthDisplays the unit measurement fiber tye currently installed. With the unit havingtwo waveforms, the selected waveform will be shown, too (~ Item lA).

(15) REFDisplayed when using the distance origin change function. (~ Item 4. . ).

(16) Pulse widthDisplays width of the optical pulse emitted from the light source (~ Item 4.1.1).

(17) Group reflection factorDisplays the value selected as the group reflection factor for the fiber undermeasurement. This value is used in the distance calculation.

(18) AttenuatorDisplays the amplifier gain adjustment value (~ Item 4.1.1).

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( 19) Averaging count timeDisplays the number of divisions conducted (-+ Item 4.1.1).

(20) Guidance displayDisplays the 'outline explanation (guidance) of operation.

(21) Calculated value between markers 1 and 2Displays the loss between two points, distance between two points and loss per unitdistance (-+ Item 4.3.1).

(22) Calculated value between markers 2 and 3Displays the loss between two points, distance between two points and loss per unitdistance (-+ Item 4.3.1).

(23) Measurement waveform basic display screenDisplays the measurement waveform with both vertical and horizontal axes being setto the full scale.The measurement waveform main display screen appears within the frame.

(24) Power indicatorDisplays remaining voltage level on the built-in battery pack (external power isincluded, too).E represents empty and F is fulL.

(25) Software key pageDisplays current software key page.

(26a) to (26e) software key functionDisplays functions of the softare keys.Available function vary according to the specific mode and menu.(26 a) key (F5) key/(26 b) key (F4) key/(26 c) key (F3 key)(26 d) key (F2) key/(26 e) key (Fl) key.

(27) Software levelDisplays hierarchy in the operation.Levell: Top level, Level 2: Middle level, Level 3: Bottom leveL.

(28) Date and timeDisplays current date and time.Time is displayed in 24-hour format.

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(29) Rotary control functionDisplays the functions curently executable by the rotary knob (~ Item 4.1.3).

(30) LabelDisplays label entered in up to 36 letters.

(31) Horizontal axis waveform display areaIndicates the display area in the full scale horizontal axis using the bar.

(32) Vertical axis waveform display areaIndicates the display area in the full scale vertical axis using the bar.

(33) Horizontal axis display star distanceIndicates the display start distance on the horizontal axis (left side of the waveformdisplay frame).

(34) Connection lossDisplays the connection loss.

(35) Reflective attenuationDisplays the reflective attenuation value.

(36) Horizontal axis scaleDisplays the value per division on the horizontal axis.

(3 7) Averaging conditionDuring averaging, its progresses is displayed with the bar graph.Upon completion of the averaging or if averaging is stopped, the averaging countperformed will be displayed in percentage (~ Item 4.2.2).

(38) Measurement waveform main display screenDisplays the waveform under measurement, cursor, markers and division.

(39) Sample resolutionDisplays the sample resolution.(40) Indication of mouseDisplays the following characters when using this optional mouse. Click these

characters to use the functions.ST: Startstop averaging R T: Preview PR: Print

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(41) Distance rangeDisplays the distance range.

(42) Laser warning indicationBlinks the message "Laser in Activation" while the laser is used.

.. "

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2.3 DESCRIPTION OF INTERFACEFollowing describes variety of interfaces provided to this unit.(l) ConnectorConnectors given below provide interface per IBM-PC/AT.

(l VGA connector........ Can be connected to display units with the VGAspecifications. Provides display the same as one obtainedon the display unit of this product.

Cl Printer interface ........ Can be connected to printers with the centronicsspecifications.

(parallel interface)CI Serial port ................. Can be connected to printers with RS-232CS specificaions.It also connects to mouse.

(l Mouse connector ,..... Can be connected to mouse.CI Keyboard connector. Can be connected to full keyboard. When connected to

keyboard, the panel switch is not operative.It must be used with keyboard designed for DOS-V. Ifused with keyboards intended for other languages, conflictmight occur between the display and the unit operation.

Note: Interfaces are standard.However, equipments connected with them are all optional.Some (mouse driver, for instance) do not have built-in software for driving theoptional equipment.

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2.4 DESCRIPTION OF HELP FUNCTIONS

Press the (HELP) key on the unit to display Help screen describing function of each keycorresponding to the current screen.Press the c(PREVIOUS PAGE:: or c(NEXT PAGE:: software keys to switch from thecurrent screen.Press any key to return to your original screen.

MAY.23.1997 89:29DISPLAY LEVEL 1

ENCODER ROTATION: Calls the menu.PUSH ENCODER : Determines the menu.MODE Changes the mode.

F1 Determines the MARKER menu.F2 Determines the LABEL menu.F3 Determines the MEASUREMENT menu.F4 Determines the AUTO SEARCH menu.F5 Determines the DISPLAY menu.PREVIEW Executes the preview function_AVERAGING Executes averaging_DISTANCE SCALE No changedB SCALE Switches to the Trace/Marker mode.PRINT Prints the current screen.

PAGEDOWN

PAGEUP

1/1--CONTINUE-- E iFFigure 2-5 Help Screen

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2. PREPARATIONS FOR OPERATIOi\

2.5 ATTACHINGIDETACHING THE LIGHT SOURCE UNITTurn power off before this operation.Make sure that the fiber under measurement has been disconnected.2.5.1 Detaching the unit(1) Remove the unit by rotating the unit set screw in counterclockwise direction to

loosen it.(2) Fold the protector on the body top toward outside.(3) Raise the stand, hold both sides of the unit and pull it gently out of the body.

~--Figure 2-6 Detaching the Unit

2.5.2 Attaching the unit(1) Fold the protector on the body top toward outside.(2) Place the unit gently into the body.Before placing the unit, make sure that the connectors of the body and unit are

matching.(3) Place the protector on the body top onto the unit. Fasten the unit securely byrotating the unit set screw in clockwise direction.

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2.6 POWER SUPPLY AND BATTERY OPERATION

(1) AC power supply and built-in batteryThis unit can be operated on AC power supply or on the built-in battery.(l Operation on AC power supply

This unit can be operated on an AC power supply of 100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz.(a) The attached charger for AQ7220 (referred to as charger) operates this unitand also charges its internal battery pack. Connect this charger to the

main unit using the attached cable. The external power input connector toconnect the charger is located on the left side of the main unit.

(b) Insert the power plug for the attached charger into the AC plug socket.

iJ.,~" ~..- ..- .." "'\ \\ \\ \\ \ I I'\ /1",- ~-.: /

Figure 2-7 Operation on AC Power Supply

Operation on internal battery packIf no AC supply plug socket is available, this unit can be operated on theinternal battery pack.

(2) Battery pack chargingThe battery pack can be charged by connecting this charger. When the main unit isnot operating, the battery pack is automatically charged up when the charger isconnected.

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3. BASIC MEASUREMENT

3. BASIC MEASUREMENTThis section describes basic measurement procedures for those who use this unit for thefirst time.3.1 POWER ON(1) Power onTurn the power switch in clockwise direction (CW) to turn power on.(2) Contrast control knobThe power switch is also used as the LCD contrast control knob.

Rotate the control knob to adjust the contrast.This contrast control knob is effective only for the monochrome LCD.Contrast switch of power switch I-s ineffective for case of color LCD.

(3) Back lightThe power switch also functions as the back light switch for LCD.Press it to turn on or off the back light.The back light switch is effective only for the monochrome LCD.

PCMCIA

CONTRAST

rQL2 CONTROL3,6 + I ?VDC4 CHARGE 17 CHARGE25,8 GND

.765 4 32 1

(ON) I 0(OFF)POWER

BACKLIGHT PUSH ON/OFF

EXTERNAL &POWER

IN

Figure 3-1 Power On( 4) Initial screenThe initial screen will appear following power on. While this screen is displayed,

the unit performs self-check for proper movement. Wait until the check is finished.Upon completion of self-check, the trace mode screen will appear.CAUTION

The screen appears approximately 80 seconds after turning the power on.Several indication wil be shown before the screen appears, but ignore them and waitfor the initial screen.

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3. BASIC i\lEASURE!\lE:'T

3.2 FIBER CONNECTIONThis section describes fiber connection using FC-PC as an example.(1) Clean the plug tip with wiping paper lightly dipped in absolute alcohoL.Remove dusts and dins using a sprayer for optical components.

\1 () :

-;

. (2) Insert the plug claw into the connector groove.

~(g(3) Rotate the plug housing to fasten the plug firmly.

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3.3 AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENTAutomatically locates a fault point and displays the averaged waveforms of the fiber undermeasurement on the screen.(l) Select the SETUP mode.

ISETUP

ITRACE FILE I. SPECIAL I

(2) Select the MEASUREMENT menu (rotate the software key or rotary knob to selectthe MEASUREMENT).

ANALYSIS DISPLAY SYSTEM REPEA T(3) The window will be opened as shown in Figure 3-2.(4) Select the AUTO SETUP. Highlight AUTO SETUP using the rotary knob orsoftware key NEXT ITEM. Then press the rotary knob or software key ENTER to

open the window for item setup (see Figure 3-1).(5) Set conditions of AUTO SETUP (the window for next item setup will open.)

APR_25.1997 17:05REPEAT LEVEL 218 km

I~~~ I AUTO SETUP -i,."WAVELENGTH I 1.31 11m SM 1 --m-----r---m-r-------T--------DISTANCE RANGE I 18 km 1 _~----------~-------_-~---~--------PULSE WIDTH I 500 ns I! i j iSECTION lOR 1 OFF 1 -imm-----i---------------------i---------lOR I L 479991 .l--------L--------L-------L---------ATTENUATION i 6.25dB 1 i i j F IL TER 1 OFF 1 +________+__mm__+________+-mm___AVERAGES 65,536(2"16)1 i i ! iDATA SIZE r- ---------Tm---------T---m--OPT I CAL PLUG _~--------m~----.-------~m----.-.-~-------m-CONNECTION CHECK I OFF 1 i i i i

O. AUG. METHOD I TOTAL 1 Use the cursor knobto select the itemDistan CLOSE to be changed andWAVELENGTH: 1.31 11m SM Return Loss: press to enter_PW : 500 ns Marker 1-2 MalOR :1.47999 0.000 dB 0_000 dBATTEN : 6.25dB 1_641 km 2.471 kmAVERAGES 65k(2"16) O.OOOdB/km O_OOOdB/kmELECT THE MEASUREMENT COND I T ION TO BE CHANGED.

NEXTMENU

NEXTITEM

TPAAUT20k

ENTER

CLOSE

1/1E- iFFigure 3-2 AUTO SETUP

-: '1

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(6) Select the AUTO RANGE (AUT) for the automatic measurement condition. Aftersetting the auto measurement condition at "AUTO RANGE (AUT)", press the rotaryknob or the ENTER software key to select it.

(7) Completing the setup.After setting, rotate the rotary konb to highlight CLOSE and press the software key(CLOSE) to complete the setup.

(8) Starting the averaging.Press the AVERAGING (START/STOP) on the unit.Distance, pulse width and attenuation will be automatically switched and theaveraging is performed in an optimum conditions (see Figure 3-3).

APR.25.1997 17 :08DISPLAY LEVEL 220 km

15.01B/MARKER 1

o I I I I-----..----~------------~--- ----~-----------~ ---------.:-- ----------;.--....-------.:---- -_.._--~ -- ---------.:------------i I I I . I I I II I I I I I I II I I I I I I II I I I I I II : : : : : : :I I i I I I I I- --------.,------------,.---- ----.,----------_---------.,----- -------r----------,---- ------,.----------.,- ---------..-: : i : : : : : ::: ':: i :: : i I::I I i I I I I-_.. -- - - ---1-- ----- -_.. -- r -- --- - -- - -1-"''' -- _.. - -r- .. -- - --- ---1--- -_.. ------r --- _.. ----- -1- ........ -- - -r-'" --- ------1- --- --.. ----

MARKER 2

AUT5k

CLEARCURSORSA

MORE

0.000 2. 026km/ 4mDistance: Splice Loss:WAVELENGTH:1.31 ~m SM Return Loss: dBPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR : 1. 48000 dB dBATTEN : 6.25dB km kmAVERAGES 65k (2..16) dB/km dB/kmET THE SELECTED MARKER AT THE CURSOR POSITION.

EXIT

1/3iF

Figure 3-3 Automatic Measurement

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3. BASIC MEASURE!\Ei\T

(9) Automatic detection of connection point.Following the above step (8), select and enter the (AUTO SEARCH) in the menuscreen using the rotary knob or software key ~AUTO SEARCH:?Calculation processes (see figure below) will be momentarily shO\vn on the screenbeing followed by display of the data after calculation. The data will be presentedin the form of the event table (see Figure 3-4).(Refer to Chapter 3.5 for details of Auto Search function.)* Once selected, the AUTO setup will be executed for every succeeding

AVERAGING.

ATTEN: 6.25dBAUERAGE 65,53&B' SCATTER: -50. OOdB

APR.25.199717:09DISPLAY LEUEL 2APR.25.1997 17: 08SPL I CE THRESHOLD: 0.10dB U I EWRETURN LOSS THRESHOLD: 50dB EUENTEND OF FIBER THRESHOLD: 3dB

MODE

EUEN TNO.

DISTANCE SPLICE RETURN CUMMULATIUE(km) LOSS (dB) LOSS (dB) LOSS (dB)

EUENTdB/km TYPE

PRINTLISTi 5.093 2.480 (36.584 1.681 0.346 R

END 14.945 (24.979 7 . 902 o . 340 RTOTAL SPAN ORL 23. 154 EUENTNOTES

CHANGEAUTO

SEARCHSETT INGS

EXIT

1/2E iFELECT THE DESIRED AUTO SPLICE FUNCTION.

Figure 3-4 Event Table

ATTENTION: Automatic Measurement is sometimes doesn't work property formeasurement fiber conditions.In this case please set themeasurement condition by manual operation.

~ .;

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3.4 MANUAL MEASUREMENT3.4.1 Manual measurement 1In the manual measurement, conditions required for the fiber measurement such asdistance and pulse width are selected manually.(1) Select the (SETUP) mode.

SETUP I TRACE FILE I SPECIAL I(2) Select the menu (MEASUREMENT) (using the rotary knob or software key).

MEASUREMENT . ANALYSIS DISPLAY SYSTEM REPEAT(3) The window opens.(4) Selecting the AUTO SETUP.Highlight the AUTO SETU using the rotar knob or software key NEXT ITEM.

After highlighting the AUTO SETUP, press the rotary knob or the ENTER softwarekey to open the next window (see Figure 3-5).

(5) Set conditions of AUTO SETUP (the window for next item setup will open).~ TRACE I FILE I SPEC IAL IE): SELECT ITEM APR.25.1997 17:10MENU I . . ANALYSIS I DISPLAY I SYSTEM I REPEAT I LEVEL 20.000dB1imANDol LABEL: 20 km NEXT~ MENUdB/ AUTO SETUP II i , , .AVELENGTH I 1.31 SM I -,.-------- - - -..-------- -- -,.------- - ---..----- -.. -----Ilm . i I .I I .I I .I I

i I I .ISTANCE RANGE 20 km . i i .I I , NEXTi I ,.. -- -- ----- -..---------- - -..--------- - -.,------- -- ---i I . ,ULSE WIDTH I 500 I . I I ,s . i . , ITEM. . II . I~ ' I . iECTION lOR ' i . i..-----------.,-----------..-- ---------..-------.;----, . .. .I 1. 480001 ' . ,OR ' . ., .. ,. , i

I-..---------T"----------~-------,--..-----ATTENUAT ION 6.25dB . . , I. I I. I i. . .~ ' , . iSA FI L TER i . , I, , I,.-----------,-------,.------- ----.,------------I . i I

I 65,536(2A16)! i . , iVERAGES i i I I. i I. I .UT i . , I~ i , i iATA SIZE .. po-- -------- -.,-- --- -. -----..--- --- - ----.,- - - ---------I i I ik i i I ., i ., I .PTICAL PLUG i , , .I I ,i , . ENTER.. .._-- - ---- -., ----------- r - - -- -___ _ __.,. ____ _ _ _____~ ' I I .ONNECT ION CHECI( , i , ., i .I I .I

AVG. METHOD I TOTAL I Use the cursor knobo. to select the itemDistan CLOSE be changedo andWAVELENGTH: 1.31 Ilm SM Return Loss: press to enter. CLOSEPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Ma. .",. ot-..lOR : 1.48000 dB dB 1/1ATTEN : 6.25dB km kmAVERAGES : 65k(2~16) dB/km dB/km E~FrsELECT THE MEASUREMENT COND IT ION TO BE CHANGED.

Figure 3-5 MANUAL SETUP

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3. BASIC MEASLJRE\lE!\T

(6) Setting the distance range.After the setting. highlight (RANGE) by rotating the rotary knob or pressing thesoftware key NEXT ITEM. Then, press the software key ENTER to open the itemsetting window displaying the distance list as shown in Figure 3-5. Then. highlightselected range and press the ENTER.

AUTO SETUPWAVELENG THD I STANCE RANGEPULSE WIDTHSECTION lORlORATTENUATIONF IL TERAVERAGES

I OFF I ,,~ i i:f : : :I 1. 31 ~im SM I ::--rnm2----;~'n----------!IE '. Km :'. ,.. 5 km . m____:i 500 ns I : 1B km iI I'~ 'FF I~ a __moo!I 1. 480001 ..~ 40 iI 6. 25dB I: 80 nn__!. 160 km :

I OFF I~- CANCEL nm__!65,536(2"'16)1 i(7) Setup of pulse width.Highlight the PULSE WIDTH using the rotary knob or the software key NEXT

ITEM. Then open the PULSE WIDTH window pressing the rotary knob orsoftware key ENTER. Move cursor to the pulse width you want to highlight. thenpress the rotary knob or software key ENTER to input your selection.

AUTO SETUPWAVELENGTHDISTANCE RANGEPULSE WIDTHSECTION lORlORAT TENUA T ION

(8) Setup of attenuation.Highlight the A TTENUA TrON using the rotary knob or software key NEXT ITEM.Then open the A TTENUA TrON window using the rotary knob or software keyENTER. Move the cursor to the attenuation you want to highlight. then press therotary key or software key ENTER to input your selection.

AUTO SETUPWAVELENGTHD IS TANCE RANGEPULSE WIDTHSECT ION lORlORA TTENUA T IONFI L TER

I I I .I OFF Ii! ~-: I I I I1.31 JAm SM I~~-~nm_---__~-~m-.~mninnmnni--"~i 0 ,20 km 1M '==~"i4: :I 500 I rrn 0.00 to 16.25dB q1..o;;IF-~I i-480001t i , i !~ ;r-r-----------:------------r-----------:---~~~~: : : :

I OFF I ;L+mmm-inn-m----~m--nnnin-

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(9) Ending the condition setup.After entering the attenuation, highlight the CLOSE pressing the rotary key orsoftware key CLOSE to complete the condition setup.

(10) Starting the averaging process.Press the AVERAGING (START/STOP) key.This initiates the averaging to display the waveform (see Figure 3-6).

APR.25.1997 17:88DISPLAY LEVEL 22B kmM~ MARKER 1ooI I I I I I I I I- - - --- - - -..., -- - -- -- - --- PO" -.. - --.. --., -- ---------- r-- ------- -- .,-- - ..-- -_.. -- -,.- ---.. -- - .... -.,- --- .... ---.. po-'" -- _.. -_ _.. .,____.. ______..I I I I I I I i I: : : : : : : :I I I I I I II I I I I i I: : : : : : : :----------i------------r----- - ---l----------r--------------------r--------------- .. -----r---------1------------ MARKER 2

B. BBBDistance:WAVELENGTH: 1.31 ~m SMPW : 5E1E1 nslOR : 1. 48E1BEIATTEN : 6.25dBAVERAGES 65k (2A16)ET THE SELECTED MARKER AT

2. E126km/ 4mSplice Loss: dBReturn Loss: dB

Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3dB dBkm kmdB/km dB/kmTHE CURSOR POS I T ION.

CLEARCURSORSA

5kMORE

EXIT

1/3E iF

Figure 3-6 Manual Measurement 1

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3.4.2 Manual measurement 2Allows on-the-spot change of conditions such as distance range, pulse width,ATTENUATION etc. to optimum conditions while the waveform is being displayedduring the preview operation.(1) Starting the preview operation.Set conditions per item 3.4.1 and call the preview display using the (Preview) key.(2) Call the software function screen for the measurement condition setup.

Press the softare key (CONDITION) to call display of the software functions asshown in the figure below.

MARKER DISTANCE RANGELABEL PLUSE WIDTH

CONDITION ~ ATTENUATIONMORE

DISPLA Y EXIT(3) Changing the measurement conditions.Press the oeDIST ANCE RANGE:: software key to call window as shown in 3.4.1.

Rotate the rotary knob or use c( :: and oe l :: software keys to select "DISTANCERANGE".(4) Finishing the condition setup.After selecting measurement condition, press the rotary knob or the c(EXIT::software key to finish the setting.(5) After completion of setting, PREVIEW operation will be activated with the selectedcondition.(6) Pulse width and ATTENUATION can be changed in the similar procedures.(7) Furthermore, group reflection factor, filter, averaging count/time, LSA/TP A,distance unit and wafeform can also be changed by pressing the oeMORE:: softwarekey.* This approach makes the splice loss measurement and return loss measurementeasier since the pulse width change is available in real time even when thewaveform enlargement is being in progress.

" 0

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M~ ooooI I I i I I I__ -_.. -- - -.. ,-- ---- - ---- r---- -- --- ,-- - -_.. ------ r- ------- --- ,--- -_.. -- -- -- r-- --- --.. --..,_.. -- ------I I I I I I II I I I I II I I I I II I I I II I I I II I I I I II I I I I I----------,----------_.,..._--- ----,----- ------,.- - - ---- --,--------- -- -,.-----------,---- ------I I I I I I II i I I II I I II I II I II I II I I I I--_.. - - - -- -., -------_.. ---,... -- --.. -_...-., ---- ---- ---,.-- -- --- ---, --- -- -------,.- ---- -_.. -_..., - .... - -.. -_..I I I I I I II I I I I II I I I I II I I I I II I I I I II I I I I II I I I I ILSA

5k

0.000 2. 026km/ 4mDistance: Splice Loss: dBWAVELENGTH: 1.31 ~m SM Return Loss: dBPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR : 1. 48000 dB dBATTEN : 6.25dB km kmAVERAGES 65k(2A16) dB/km dB/kmET THE SELECTED MARKER AT THE CURSOR POSITION..

Figure 3-7 Manual Measurement 2

APR.25.1997 17: 08DISPLAY LEVEL 220 km

2 km5 km10 km

a40 km80 km16 km

il

EXIT

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3.5 AUTO SEARCH FUNCTIONPerforms the software calculation on the measured waveform to display distance of eachevents of the waveform, loss etc.3.5.1 Operation procedures( 1 ) Executing the auto search.

When the measurement (averaging) is complete, press the software key AUTOSEARCH.

(2) The measured data will be calculated automatically. Following display appearsduring calculation.SEARCH in progress!

STEP 1STEP 2STEP 3STEP 4STEP 5

(3) Event table wil be displayed as the operation completes (see Figure 3-8).

ATTEN: 6.25dBAUERAGE 65,536B' SCATTER: -50. OOdB

APR.25.1997 17:89DISPLAY LEUEL 2APR.25.1997 17:98SPL I CE THRESHOLD: 8. 18dB

RETURN LOSS THRESHOLD: 58dBEND OF FIBER THRESHOLD: 3dBUIEWEUENT

EUENT DISTANCE SPLICE RETURN CUMMULATIUE EUENTNO. (km) LOSS(dB) LOSS(dB) LOSS(dB) dB/km TYPE PRINTLIST1 5.803 2.489 (36.584 1.681 9.346 REND 14.945 (24 . 979 7.992 8.348 R

TOTAL SPAN ORL 23. 154 EUENTNOTESCHANGE

AUTOSEARCH

SETTINGS

EXIT

1./2E~FELECT THE DESIRED AUTO SPLICE FUNCTION.

Figure 3-8 Event Table

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(4) Displaying the events.Press the softare key VIEW EVENT to display above mentioned events to eachpoint of the waveform, as shown in Figure 3-9.

(5) Displaying the event information.Every time the softare key NEXT ITEM is pressed, the cursor and marker positionsjump to each event point to show respective event information (such as splice lossdistance, return loss, Event No.) to the left of the main waveform display screen.

APR.25.1997 17:28DISPLAY LEUEL 328 km

15.81B/,ooo, ,--------.,------------,.--, 0, oooI I I I I I i---~--------------------l------------r-----------i--- ----------------------------i I I I I I I

NEXTEUENT, ,,I I I I I . I i---m--T------ -- OOj 00 00 1 - ---r.oo-----~mn.-n.-;------mn:oom.-mT-- - ---r-------rm---moo----- ---- -1-- - --- - --- -- ------.. -1- - -- -- -- -- - - -- ---- ---1--- -_.. --- --.. - ---.. -_.. -- -1- .... -- -.. rOo -------- -1--------.. ---i i ! ! ! ! E :- --- -- ---1--" --- --- ---r-- - -- -----1--.. ---.... ---- r-" ---- -- - - -1-- - -- -_.. ----rOo --- - - - - -- -1-- ---

~:~~t::i~:--j=-:~:~L==~=:~=r~=:~t-: ~: dB ---mtmm---ootnn-----t------n--toon

8.888 2. 826km/ 4mDistance: Splice Loss:WAUELENGTH: 1.31 ~m SM Return Loss: dBPW :588 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR : 1.48888 dB dBATTEN : 6.25dB km kmAUERAGES 65k (2A16) dB/km dB/kmET THE SELECTED MARKER AT THE CURSOR POSITION.

Figure 3-9 Event Display

PR lOREUENT

5k

DELETEEUENTSA

MORE

EXIT

1/4iF

ATTENTION: Auto Search function sometimes can't find measurementconnection poits.In this case please use the edit function and fixthe data manually. See Item 4.3.4 (15) for the edit function.

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APR.25.1997 17:21DISPLA~ LEVEL 320 kmI ,o-------i------~------- I I I I I I I--- ~--- - - - - - - - - -:-- --- - --- ---~----- - ------:-- - -- --- - - - 4-- -- - -----:---- - - -- - ---~----- - -- ----I I I I I I II I i I I II I I I I II I i I . II I I I I I I I I- - - - - -----, --- ---- - ---- ~-- -- - - --,-- - -- - -- --- - r' -- -- -------., -- --- ----- - -,. -- ------ -- - .,-- -- - -_ -_ _ ..____ __ _ _ __ _ ,____ _ _ _ _ __ __I I I I I I I I II I I i I I II I I I I I

_________~--m---m~--- -----i------------~-----m--i------------~------ ----~- ------~:, --------~:------------ ! i E: : : : : :~~n~r~::~~f=- ~--T-::~:~E-::::l::::=~I-~:=FisI- : 5 . 003 km j : j. L . 2 . 480 dB ----+m------i--------+--------+-m.L (36.584 dB i j i0.000 2. 026km/ '1mDistance: 5.003 km Splice Loss: 2.480dBWAVELENGTH:1.31 ~m SM Return Loss:(36.584dBPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR :1.48000 1.681 dB 2.836 dBATTEN : 6.25dB 4.845 km 8.273 kmAVERAGES 65k (2A16) 0 .346dB/km . 342dB/km

ET THE SELECTED MARXER AT THE CURSOR POSITION.Figure 3-10 Event Information

LSA

5k

l::

NEXTEVENT

PR lOREUENT

DELETEEVENT

MORE

EXIT

1/4iF

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3.6 AN EXAMPLE OF BASIC MEASUREMENT3.6.1 Absolute distance measurement (measurement of 10 Km long optical fiber)This example measures the distance to the end point of the fiber under measurement.

Conection to the unitCJ / Far endDFiber under test (10 Km)Figure 3-11 Absolute Distance Measurement

(1) Connect a 10 Km long fiber to the unit (see Figure 3-11).(2) Select the distance of 20 Km in the SETU mode/MEASUREMENT menu.(3) Select 500 ns for the pulse width.

(4) Set lOR to characteristic factor of the fiber (for example, 1.48000).(5) Close the MEASUREMENT menu.(6) Press the AVERAGING (START/STOP).(7) When the averaging is complete, waveform will be displayed as shown in the

figure 3-12.

(8) Open the MARKER menu from the DISPLAY mode.Function of the rotary knob is switched to that of the cursor.(9) Rotate the rotary knob in clockwise direction to move the cursor to the right.

(10) Move the cursor to the end point of the fiber.(1l) After moving the cursor to the fiber far end point, press the DISTANCE SCALE keyto highlight the distance scale. Scale up the distance scale (horizontal axis scale)

using the rotary knob.(12) Press the rotary knob.This will highlight the distance scale space where the cursor is located. Then move

the cursor to the starting and ending portion of the waveform.(13) The distance display in the lower left side of the main waveform display screenshows results for the measurement done on the 10 Km long fiber.

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APR.25.199717:22DISPLAY LEUEL 220 kmI oo ,I . I i : I I :---------1--- ---------r-----------1-- -------- -r--------- : ----- -------:-----------1-- --- -------r-- --------1------------i I : : : : : : :I :::::I I I I I I I----------,------ ------,.-----------, - --- - -- ---1"---- - --- ------------,.---- -------.,-------- ----po-----------.,------- ----- i i i i i ! !I I I I I . I- - -- ---- --, -- - - -- -- - ---,.----- ---- --., - - ---- - ---,.- - --- -- - - --., ---- --- ----,.- - --- -- - - - -., - - - - - - - --- - - ,.-- -- ---- -- -..----- -- --- --I I i I I I I I II i I I I I I II I I I I I I II I I I I I I II I I I i I I II I I I I I i I- ---- --- --~ -- - -- - - -- --- ~--------- --.. -- - - -- - - - - - ~- ---- ------ ~ - - - - - -- -- - ~ - - -- -- - - - - -.. - - -- - --- -- -~- - -- --------1-- ------- -I I I I , I I I I, I . I i I I II I I I I I II I I I I I II I I I I I II I I I I I II I t I I I I

::::~~:~I~-::~~l~:::=I=:~::F::=::l=~::- : - - - ..

LSA

5k

8 . 080 km 2 . 026km/ 4mDistance: km Splice Loss:WAUELENGTH:l.31 ~m SM Return Loss:PW :500 ns Marker 1-2 MarkerlOR : 1. 48008 dBATTEN : 6. 25dB kmAUERAGES 65k (2AI6) dB/kmET THE SELECTED MARKER AT THE CURSOR POSITION.

AUG ' NG 100;;dBdB2-3

dBkm

dB/km

Figure 3-12 Absolute Distance Measurement

,_ i.;

MARKER 1

MARKER 2

CLEARCURSOR

MORE

EXIT

1/3E --- F

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3.6.2 Loss measurement (with a 15 Km long fiber)This example measures the connection loss and reflective attenuation at the connectionpoint, and the distance to the connection point when multiple fibers are connected usingoptical connectors.

Conection to the unit Far endDID D/Connected by 1-1 ""Fiber under test(1 0 Km) Fiber under test(5 Km)

Figure 3-13 Transmission Loss Measurement

(1) Connect two fibers, 10 Km5 Km long, to the unit (Figure 3-13).(2) Select 20 Km for the distance range in the SETUP mode/MEASUREMENT menu.(3) Select 500 ns for the pulse width in the above mode.

(4) Close the MEASUREMENT menu.(5) Press the AVERAGING (START/STOP).(6) Waveform will be displayed as shown in the figure 3-14.(7) Open the (MARKER) menu in the DISPLAY mode.The rotary knob functions will be switched to the cursor.(8) Rotate the rotary knob in clockwise direction to move into the right.

(9) Move the cursor to the connector connection point.

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(10) Press the softare key (MARKR 2). 4 markers will appear around the cursor.(CD, , Y, CI) Press the (MARKER 2) again, and 1 and CI will approach to thecursor with the cursor at center of them.

(1 1) Measured data appear between MARKERS land 2 and MARKRS 2 and 3 underthe main wafeform display. The splice loss and return loss are displayed to theright of the Distance.

(12) Press the (MARKER 2) software key so that the loss per unit distance between theMARKR 1 and 2 is approximated to that of between 2 and 3.(13) The splice loss represents the loss measured at the connection point.(14) The dB between MARKRS I and 2 represents the loss between CD and . The

Km between MARKER 1 and 2 refers to the distance between CD and . ThedBIK between MARKERS 1 and 2 refers to the loss per unit distance between CDand . The same applies to MARKRS 2 and 3. Refer to Item 4.3, the section ofediting the measurement data for further details.

APR.25.199717:35DISPLAY LEUEL 12 km

15.lB/MARKER

,I I I . I I I I---------- r-----------1--------- -r --------- :----------f----------l---- - - ----f-----------r----------- LABEL5k

, ,,. i I . I I I I- - - - - -_. --., -- ---- --- - -- r -- ---- -- - --., -- - -- -- --- r-- -- - --- -- .,-- - - -- --- -- -,.- -------- -.,-- --- -- ---- ,.-- --- -- --- -,-------- ----I I i . I I I I II i . I I I . II i , . I I I II I , I I I . II I I I . I I II i , I I I . II I , . , I I i--------- -,------------r----- --- --- ,-- - ----- ----r---------- .,------------,.----------.,------- -- -r-----------.,------- -----i I i . I I I I I. I , I I I II I I I I I II I I I I I II . , I I I II I , . I I iI i , I 'I i----------.,-- ----------,.-----------.,-----------..---------- ., ----------- -,.-----------.,------------ ---- --.,---------- -I . I i I I I II I I I I I II I I I I I II . I I I I II I , I I I II I I I I I I II I , . I I , I---- ------.,-- --------,.-- --- --- ---.,- -- - -- ----r---------- .,------------,.-----------.,-- --------- - ---- ---I I , , , I I II , , I , I .I I , I , I ,I , , I I I ,I I I I I I II I , . I I II I , I . I ,-- -- --- ---., -- ----- -----r--- - - ---- -- ,-- --- - -- ----,.-------- -- .,------------,.-----------,-- --- ------ -,. -- ----I I I I I I I II , , I I I II I , I I I II I , I I I II I , I . I .I I , I . I I, , , . . I ,COND I -

TIONSSAFILAUTO

SEARCH. km 2. 26km/ 4m AUG ' NG 1~Distance: 9.938 km Splice Loss: .983dB

WAUELENGTH:1.31 ~m SM Return Loss:(35.95dBPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR : 1. 48 2.69 dB 1.734 dBATTEN : 6.25dB 8.12 km 5.3 kmAUERAGES 65k(2A16) .331dB/km .346dB/kmELECT THE TRACE MENU DES IRED.

DISPLAY

1/1.iF

Figure 3-l4 Transmission Loss Measurement (with a 25 Km long fiber)

~ ,.,

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3.6.3 Measurement of reflective attenuationThis example measures the reflective attenuation at the connection point when multiplefibers are connected using connectors.

Conectes to the unit/ QJ Far endDConnected by J-J ~iber under test(10 Km) Fiber under test(5 Km)Figure 3-15 Measurement of reflective attenuation

(1) Connect two fibers, 10 Km and 5Km long, to the unit using the connector. (Figure3-15)(2) Select 20 km for the distance range in the SETUP mode/MEASUREMENT menu.(3) Select 500 ns for the pulse width.

(4) Close the MEASUREMENT menu.(5) Press the AVERAGING (START/STOP) key. '(6) A waveform will appear as shown in Figure 3-16.(7) Open the (MARR) menu in the DISPLAY mode.The rotary knob function wil be switched to the cursor.(8) Rotate the rotary knob to move the cursor to the right.(9) Move the cursor to the fiber connector connection point.(10) Press the DISTANCE SCALE and rotate the rotary knob to enlarge the distancescale.(11) Press the rotary knob to switch the function to the cursor.(12) Locate the cursor in front of the connector connection point (Fresnel reflection) andpress MARKER 1 software key.(13) Move the cursor to peak of the connector connection point (Fresnel reflection) andpress MARKER 2 software key.(14) Return loss will be displayed at bottom of the screen. For details of the reflectiveattenuation setting, refer to Item 4.3, the section of editing the measurement data.

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APR.25.1997 18 :01DISPLAY LEVEL 220 km- MARKER 1

12.01B/

5k

oooI I I I I I I l I----- --- --,-- - ---- - - - -- r- - ---- --- -- -,- ---- - -- - --,.- - - - - --- - - -, - - - - -- ----- -,.----- -- - -- -,- --- - --- ----,.- - - --- - _ ---.,- ------ - ----I I I I I I I , i! ! ! ! ! ! !I I I I I I i I: : : : : : : :i i I I I I I , I-- - -- --- --..-- ---- - -- -- -,. - - - ---- -- --., - -- - - - - -- ,.---- -- - --, -- - - -------- ,.-- - ---- - - --,---- - ------ -,.---- --- - -- - .,-- -- - -------o I I I I I I I II I I I I I , II I I I I I I II I I I I I , II I I I . I I II I I I I I . II I I I I I I- ---------1---------- --r --- -------- -------- --r------- ---:------------:------------1------------:------------1------------l! ! ! !I I I I I I I II I r I I I i I-----------:------------r-------- -- : ------- - --f----------- ------------r-----------l-- ----------r-- ---------1- ---- -------I I I I I I I II I I . I I I: :: ::::I I I I 1 I I I- - -- --- ---,------ - -- - --,. -- - --- -,-- --- -- - - -,.----- --- - - -, -- - --- ----,.- - -- -- - - - -,- - - ---------,.-- ---------,- --- --- -----I I .J : i I I I I I I: : i I I II I I I I I i I------- ---, --- ---------,.----------,--- ------ --,.-- -- -------,------------r-----------,----------- -,.----- ------,-- ----------: : : : : : : : :I I I I I I i II I I I I I i I: : : : : : : :I I I I I I i IMARKER 2

LSACLEAR

MARKERS

MORE

9.828 40.5 m/ 4m AVG'NG 100~Distance: Splice Loss: dBWAVELENGTH: 1.31 ~m SM Return Loss: (35. 950dBPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Marker 2-3lOR : 1. 48000 -9.522 dB dBATTEN : 6. 25dB 0.045 km kmAVERAGES 65k (2AI6) -21. 367dB/km dB/kmET THE SELECTED MARKER AT THE CURSOR POSITION.

EXIT

1/3iF

Figure 3-l6 Measurement of reflective attenuationCAUTION

Depending on the waveform under measurement, this unit may be saturated with thefresnel reflection. In such case, a correct return loss measurement can't be expected(measurements tend to be larger the true values).

~ 1 ()

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4. HOW TO USE THE UNIT

4. HOW TO USE THE UNITThis chapter describes how to operate the unit and how to perform measurement using it.4.1 SETTING THE MEASUREMENT CONDITIONSThis section describes the SETUP mode to set measurement conditions and environments.

4.1.1 MeasurementThe following explains the MEASUREMENT MENU for each measurement conditionsetup.(1) Explanation of screen

CDiCI(lCCI(JCICIQQQD

MODE , TRACE I FlLE I SPEC IAL I : SELECT ITEM APR.25.1997 20:15MENU . ~'I~I.. ANALYSIS I DISPLAY I SYSTEM I REPEAT 1 LEUEL 2O.OOBdB imANOol LABEL: 2B kmis NEXTMENUAUTO SETUP IIttll/J ' i , iAVELENGTH I 1.31 SM I -..--------~----------~---------,-_.-.---11m ' i I .. I II . .

I. i , .ISTANCE RANGE 20 km . i , II . , NEXTi , ,.------_.........-------..-----_...--..--------

I Ii . . .ULSE WIDTH 5BO i , I ,s i , I , ITEM, I ,. . .I . i iECTION lOR . i . I..-----------.,------------,.-----------.,----------, I . II i I

I 1. 4BBOOI. i i .OR . i I Ii , .. , .. . ,

I-,.-.---------.,-----------..-----------.,----------ATTENUAT ION 6.25dB i , , ,, . ., , ,- I . I I~ ' . I ,ILTER i . I ,I , I...__._-----~----------..-------_.-..------, i I i65,536 (2A16)1 ' i I iUERAGES ' . . .I I .. I .I I ,, . .DATA SIZE ~ ...--------~--------..---_.------..---------5k i i . ., , ., , ., , ,PT ICAL PLUG i , . ,I I . ENTERi I ,----------~-----.-~_l-~--------..--~-~---~ I . I ,ONNECTION CHECK . . I .. , I. , iUG. METHOD I TOTAL I Use the cursor knob ;-O. to select the itemCLOSEDistan to be chanyed and

WAUELENG TH : 1.31 11m SM Return Loss: press to enter. CLOSEPW :500 ns Marker 1-2 Ma "'" "'-..lOR : 1. 4BOOO dB dB 1/1A !TEN : 6.25dB km kmAUERAGES : 65k(2A16) dB/km dB/km E -= FSELECT THE MEASUREMENT CONDITION TO BE CHANGED.

Figure 4-1 MEASUREMENT ScreenCD Auto setupcP Measurement wavelengthQ) Distance rangeG) Pulse widthCI Span lOR (index of reflection)CI lOR

(f AttenuationCI FilterCI A veraging count/time(l Data sizeQJ Optical plug connection check~ A veraging method

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(2) Key functions(MODE) key:(F 1 to F5) keys:(HELP) key:(DISTANCE SCALE) key:(dB SCALE) key:(PREVIEW) key:AVERAGING(START/STOP) key:

(PRIT) key:Rotary knob:

Selects the SETUP mode.Available functions are assigned according to thesoftware key menu.Calls the help screen.Invalid.Invalid.Redraws waveforms (--4.2 Measurement).Starts or stops a measurement. Measurement datacurrently displayed is lost (--4.2 Measurement).Outputs screen information to the printer.Rotary knob has the different functions depending onthe fuction selected.t: When "(iSELECT MENU" is being displayed -

Rotate the rotary knob to select MENU.Press the rotary knob to open the selected MENU.

t: When "(iSELECT ITEM" is being displayed-Rotate the rotary knob to select ITEM.Press the rotary knob to open the selected ITEM.

t: When "(iSELECT FUNCTION" is beingdisplayed -Rotate the rotary knob to select FUNCTION.Press the rotary knob to enter the selectedFUNCTION.

t: When "(iSELECT VALUE" is being displayed -Rotate the rotary knob to select VALUE.Press the rotary knob to enter the selected VALUE.

(3) Setup methodCD AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT

CONDITION ............................. Selects automatic setup of measurementcondition( distance range, pulse width, etc.) amongOne Button(OBD), Auto range(AUT), AutoATT(ATT) and None.~ WAVELENGTH .......................Selects measurement wavelength. It depends onthe optical unit used.CI DISTANCE RANGE................. The range available depends on the unit used.Selects the distance range among 2 km, 5 km,

10 km, 20 km, 40 km, 80 km and 160 km.(1 PULSE WIDTH......................... Selects pulse width among 20 ns, 100 ns, 500 ns,1 lls, 4 lls and 10 lls.

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CI SPAN IOR.................................Selects Yes or No for setting the lOR at optionalinterval on the optical fiber under measurement.( lOR ............................................Sets the lOR (Index of Reflection) between1.000000 to 1.999999 with a step of 0.00000 l.(J ATTENUATION.......................Selects attenuation (gain) between 0.00 to18.75 dB with a step of 1.25 dB.CI FILTER...................................... Selects fiter. Turns on or off the filter.CI AVERAGING COUNT/TIME..Selects averaging count/time between 4096 (1"'12)and 16777216 (1"'24)/10 seconds to 00.QQ DATA SIZE...............................Selects data size between 5 K and 20 K.QD OPTICAL PLUGCONNECTION CHECK...........Selects automatic connection check of optical

cable.~ A VG. METHOD .......................Selects averaging method among TOTAL,DIVISION Normal (normal resolution divisionaveraging), and DIVISION HiRes.

(4) AUTO SETUPCD OutlineAn excessive gain can saturate a waveform, while insufficient gain results inpoor SIN ratio. There is an optimum gain value. Usually. specifying a pulsewidth sets the gain to an optimum value but

aq7220 mini otdr

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