aqa gcse biology unit 1 adaptation qs

7/30/2019 AQA GCSE Biology Unit 1 Adaptation Qs

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AQA GCSE Biology Unit 1

B1.4 Interdependence and adaptation

B1.5 Energy and biomass in food chains

B1.6 Waste materials from plants and animals

Name:

Tutor: .

Key words/ concepts

Adaptation

Algae Arctic Biomass Camouflage Competitor Desert Extremophiles Food chain

Habitat Invertebrates

Mimic Organism

Photosynthesis Pollution

Predator

Prey Respiration

Sulfur dioxide Survival Territory


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B1.4.1 adaptations

1. How has the camel adapted to survivein the desert?

Fat filled hump:

Long eyelashes and bushy eyebrows:

Large nostrils that can open and close:

Leathery patches on knees:

Two-toed feet with thick leathery pads:

Tall and thin:

2. Describe as fully as possible how this cactus has adapted to survive in itsenvironment.


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To survive and reproduce, organisms require a supply of materials from theirsurroundings and from other living things.

3. List four things that plants have to compete for:


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(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

4. Name three things that animals have to compete with each other for:

(a)

(b)

(c)

5. What are extremophiles?

6. Animals and plants are adapted to help avoidpredators.

What does the term predator mean?


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Artic foxes have a white hairy coat. How does this help to avoid predators?

What strategy has this moth developed to help avoid predators?Explain how it helps.

B1.4.2 Environmental change

Changes in the environment affect the distribution of living organisms

Animals and plants are subjected to environmental changes.

1. Name three environmental changes that can affect the distribution of animals and

plants:

(a)


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(b)

(c)

2. Explain how lichen can be used to measure pollution levels

3. Students investigated the distribution of two plant species near a busy road.

Plantain White deadnettle


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The bar chart shows their results.

Describe the pattern shown in the data for the Plantain plants.

Suggest explanations for:

(i) the distribution of the White deadnettle plants

(ii) the distribution of the Plantain plants.

[GCSE Paper June 2010]4. Soay sheep live wild on an island off the north coast of Scotland. No people liveon the island.


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Over the last 25 years, the average height and mass of the wild Soay sheep havedecreased.

The scientists think that climate change might have affected the size of the sheep.

Suggest an explanation for the evolution of the wild Soay sheep over the last 25years.

[GCSE paper question June 2011]

B1.5.1 Energy in biomass

1. Complete the sentences:


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Radiation from the ______ is the source of energy for most living organisms.

Green plants and algae absorb a small amount of the _______ that reaches them.

The transfer from light energy to _________________________ energy occurs

during _________________________.

This energy is stored in the substances that make up the cells of the plants.

2. What is biomass?

3. What is a pyramid of biomass?

4. Draw the pyramid of biomass for this grassland ecosystem.

Organism Biomass dry mass (g)

Grass 100 000

Sheep 5000Sheep ticks 30

5. Delete the wrong answer:

The mass of living material (biomass) at each stage in a food chain is less / more

than it was at the previous stage.


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6. Give two reasons why the amounts of material and energy contained in thebiomass are reduced at each successive stage in a food chain.

Reason 1:

Reason 2:

7. The diagram shows a pyramid of biomass.

Which organisms are:Carnivores

Herbivores

Producers

B1.6.1 Decay processes

Living things remove materials from the environment for growth and other processes.These materials are returned to the environment either in waste materials or when

living things die and decay.

1. Materials decay because they are broken down (digested) by microorganisms.


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Name three conditions when microorganisms are most active and digest materialsfaster:

(a)

(b)

(c)

2. The sentences below describe how elements are recycled in a food chain.Put them into the correct order by numbering them. (The first one has been done foryou.)

Energy released in respiration is lost by decay, heat andmovement in the production of waste

Materials are recycled and returned to the soil by decay

Plants take up minerals from the soil 1

Plants use minerals and the products of photosynthesis to makecomplex nutrients

Nutrients in plants are passed to animals through feeding andused in respiration to provide energy

Waste and dead tissues are decayed by microorganisms

B1.6.2 The carbon cycle


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The diagram shows the mass of carbon exchanged between carbon reservoirs andthe atmosphere. The pie chart in the diagram shows the mass of carbon in threereservoirs: oceans, soils and fossil fuels.The figures are in billions of tonnes of carbon per year.

1. Calculate X (the yearly carbon increase into the atmosphere).

Show all your working.

2. Give one reason why deforestation increases the carbon dioxide concentration ofthe atmosphere.

3. Use the following terms to complete the sentences

animals burned carbohydrates (x2)


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carbon dioxide (x2)decayfats (x2)

green plantsherbivoresrespiration

respire (x2)

Carbon dioxide is removed from the environment by _________ ________ in the

process of _________________ .

The carbon from the carbon dioxide is used to make _________________,

_________________ and proteins which make up the body of plants.

Some of the carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere when plants

_________________.

When green plants are eaten by _________________, some of the carbon then

becomes part of the _________________, _________________ and proteins which

make up their bodies.

When animals _________________ this carbon is released into the atmosphere as

_________________ _________________.

When plants and animals die, _________________ feed on their bodies. Carbon is

released into the atmosphere as _________________ _________________ when

these organisms _________________.

Sometimes, when plants die, they are turned into fossil fuels.

The _________________ _________________ is released back into the

atmosphere when these fuels are _________________.

aqa gcse biology unit 1 adaptation qs

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