aquatic ecosystems as sentinels of change
DESCRIPTION
Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Change. Field Station & Marine Lab Emerging Initiatives Workshop November 17, 2011 Colorado Springs, CO Craig Williamson Global Change Limnology Laboratory Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Change
Field Station & Marine Lab Emerging Initiatives Workshop
November 17, 2011Colorado Springs, CO
Craig WilliamsonGlobal Change Limnology Laboratory Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
Karl et al. 2008.Weather and climateextremes in a changingclimate.
US Climate Change Science ProgramSynthesis & AssessmentProduct 3.3
Peters et al. 2007. Front. Ecol. Environ. 6:229
Peters et al. 2007. Front. Ecol. Environ. 6:229
Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
Indirect Effects of Climate Change: Wildfire
Bark Beetle Damage
Responses to Environmental Change: Where to sample?
Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Environmental Change:
Sentinel Responses (some examples):
Physical: Temperature - ice-cover period, water temperature, mixing depth Water Transparency – UV, PAR
Chemical: Oxygen – supersaturation, hypoxia, anoxia pH – acidity, alkalinity (buffering capacity) Inorganic Carbon – Dissolved, particulate
Biological: Organic Carbon – Dissolved (DOC), particulate (POC) Chlorophyll, other pigments – concentration, depth of maximum (DCM) Phyto & Zooplankton – small size, short T, rapid response, easy to sample
Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Environmental Change
Biotic Consequences:
- Biodiversity
- Invasive species
- Harmful algal blooms (HAB)
- “Dead zones” from hypoxia or anoxia
- Daphnia (model species) – growth, reproduction, vertical
migration
Aquatic Ecosystems: Sensors in the Landscape
Most FSMLs have an one or more(stream, river, lake, ocean)
Many have long-term data on these systems.
Collectively create an infrastructure with great networking potential (work with GLEON, NEON, STREON).
100% Increase in DOC in 16 Year Period: Hudson River, NY, USA
Findlay et al. 2005. FEE 3: 133
Lake Giles UV Transparency:14 year trend
0
4
8
12
16
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
1% U
V 320
nm D
epth
(m)
Z1% from epilimnetic Kd
July data: Lake Giles, N.E. Pennsylvania, USA
Aquatic Ecosystems are also Integrators and Regulators of
Environmental Change
Williamson et al. 2009 Limnol Oceanogr 54:2273
Sensors in thelandscape