arbol de vida school - about waldorf education (english handbook)
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Waldorf education has its roots in the scientificspiritual research of the Austrian scientist and thinker, Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925). One of the central pillars of Waldorf education is the study and understanding of the biography of human development. When children relate what they learn to their own experience, they are interested and alive, and what they learn becomes their own. Waldorf schools are designed to foster this kind of learning.TRANSCRIPT
“To Germinate The wishes of the soul,Growing acts of will Mature fruits of life.”
Rudolf Steiner
FUNDAMENTALS
When children relate what they learn to their own experience, they are interested and alive, and what they learn becomes their own. Waldorf schools are designed to foster this kind of learning.
Waldorf education has its roots in the
scientificspiritual research of the Austrian scientist
and thinker, Rudolf Steiner (18611925).
In April of 1919, Rudolf Steiner visited the Waldorf
Astoria cigarette factory in Stuttgart, Germany.
The German nation, defeated by the First World War,
was teetering on the brink of economic, social and
political chaos. Steiner spoke to the factory workers
about the need for social renewal, for a new way of
organizing society and its political and cultural life.
Emil Molt, the owner of the factory, asked Steiner if
he would undertake to establish and lead a school for
the children of the employees of the company.
Steiner agreed, but set four conditions, each of which
went against common practice of the day:
1. That the school be open to all children; 2. That it be
coeducational; 3. That it be a unified twelveyear
school; 4. That the teachers, those individuals actually
in contact with the children, have primary control of
the school, with a minimum interference from the State
or from economic sources. Steiner’s conditions were
radical for the day, but Molt gladly agreed to them.
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On September 7, 1919, the Free Waldorf School
(Die freie Waldorfschule) opened its doors.
Today there are different Waldorf schools all over the
world that subscribe to this pedagogical movement
created by Rudolf Steiner. No two schools are
identical; each is administratively independent.
Nevertheless, a visitor would recognize many
characteristics common to them all.
Steiner’s premise is to work beginning with the child.
And to work with each child requires people and
institutions that are willing to put themselves to the
side in order to place the focus of concern on the
child, without any other motives. This notion poses
a challenge for the teacher, because it obliges her or
him to recognize that each child is a being unto her
or himself. This being has “something” to say
regarding her or his education. The teacher must
learn to take heed of this “something”.
The main basis of Waldorf teaching has to do with a
particular idea of personhood. The idea is to follow a
person from childhood, throughout the different
evolutionary phases and throughout an integral
education. The Waldorf teacher respects the child’s
individuality and thus guides her or him to grow
into a free and autonomous adult.
Today, almost one hundred years after this
initiative, there are more than 1200 Waldorf schools
all over the world
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One of the central pillars of Waldorf education is the study and understanding of the biography of human development. This pedagogy recognizes the different phases in a person’s life. According to Waldorf philosophy, these phases take place in sevenyear cycles, or septenniums.
During each septennium, a human being presents
and develops certain characteristics. During this
time, the person becomes aware of certain needs and
capabilities. In education it is fundamental to
accompany and respect the first three septenniums.
In this way, children and youth can grow and
shape themselves.
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EARLY CHILDHOOD
(1st septennium, 07 years)
Babies and young children submit themselves completely to their physical environment. They absorb the world through their senses. They respond with the most active mode of learning: imitation.
Ideally what stands out during this phase is
GOODNESS. All that a child learns in the first phase
of life is assimilated by IMITATION. Imitation is
determined by internal factors, such as temperament,
or type of character.
The child absorbs all that surrounds her or him, and
integrates it without a rational or conscious filter. For
this reason, those that dedicate themselves to small
children (parents, caregivers, and teachers) have the
responsibility of creating an environment worthy of
the child’s imitation, without question. Thus it is
necessary to provide surroundings that offer
adequate and meaningful routines and activities.
These routines and activities respect and value
childhood, so that through imitation the child builds
all her or his being.
During this phase, children should do activities
related to the senses and corporal development. The
child develops skills thanks to the natural capacity
for imitation she or he possesses.
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The preschool teacher is in charge of guiding
different daily activities, such as kneading and
baking bread, gardening, watercolor painting,
making small looms, free play, circle time, and
folktales. Complete involvement in such activities is
the best preparation the child can have for life. This
helps establish the foundation of the powers of
concentration, interest in, and love of learning that
will last for a lifetime.
Each classroom has baskets of seeds, snail shells,
blankets, bark, wool, and tree trunks. Children turn
these materials into little cars, fruits, or dolls as they
interact with their classmates. All these elements
permit the child to focus her or his efforts on the
purest perceptions to develop fantasy and the senses
through play. The child thus lays the foundations
for thinking.
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MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
(2nd septennium, 714 years)
The basic ideal that stands out during the second septennium is BEAUTY and its characteristic, which is IMAGINATIVE art.
When children are ready to leave preschool and enter
primary school, they have an avid desire to explore
the world of experience, for the second time. Before,
they identified the world and imitated. Now, at a
more conscious level, they are ready to get to know it
again through means of imagination. Imagination is
the extraordinary power of human cognition that
permits us to “see” an image, “listen” to a story, and
“guess” hidden meanings behind appearances.
The basic virtue of the second septennium is the
predisposition for love, that which leads to
veneration and devotion, which are essential
beloved authority one of the fundamental
pedagogical principals.
The child must cultivate respect and veneration for
the person who teaches her or him. It is absolutely
essential to have a being, a teacher, whom the child
can love profoundly. This is how the child receives
the content of the teacher’s lessons. For the child,
that which the teacher transmits is true.
During the years in primary school, the teacher’s job
is to transform all that the child needs to learn about
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the world via the language of the imagination. This
is as real as intellectual analysis for an adult.
Included are the riches from ancient,
less intellectual eras, the stories, legends and myths
that speak of the truth in parables and images. All
these are an invaluable treasure for the teacher.
When these are seen through the lens of the
imagination, nature, the world of numbers, math,
geometric form, and practical work they feed the
soul of the child.
Anything that calls the imagination, that is deeply
felt, that stirs up and activates feelings, can be
remembered and learned.
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ADOLESCENCE
(3rd Septennium, 1421 years)
In the glorious turbulence of adolescence, the personality celebrates its independence and looks to explore the world yet again, in a new way. On the inside, the young person, the human being who has been given years of education, is maturing silently. Eventually the individual will emerge.
At this age, young people are in search of the TRUTH,
and to this end they engage in independent thinking and
understanding of the complex ways of the world. At this
stage, the human being is not creative in his or her own
body, but he or she is creative in the sense of creating
their own individuality. Only after this septennium is
the human organism structured and shaped to go into
the world with social maturity, and with the ability to
form groups and communities. The guiding force, at this
stage, is seeking to lead young people towards
autonomy, as free individuals, so that they can situate
themselves in the world as receptive beings, aware of the
times in which they are living.
In these three big stages, we see the first steps in human
development: initially totally dependent, then learning
about the world, finally moving toward autonomy. In
this way, the Waldorf education aims to create a learning
space for each child and youth to develop his or
her own capabilities.
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PLAN & METHOD
The Waldorf School, rather than pursue an abstract goal or uniform education, intends instead to fortify the students’ individual characteristics, preparing them to be social beings adept at living in the world with others.
The plan and method of teaching is tailored to the
developmental stages and individual characteristics of
the child. The atmosphere at the school is not
influenced by fear of qualifications, as Waldorf
evaluates a wider range of criteria which include the
whole human being.
First and foremost, a collaborative work environment is
established, an environment which allows the child to
learn, grow and mature. In Waldorf schools,
intellectual, artistic, and manual skills have equal
importance, and all the abilities and talents of the child
are given time to develop.
The idea is to stimulate the various intellectual, artistic
and manual aptitudes because, deep down, we want to
enable the development of discernment while at the
same time encouraging a sense of well being, and
affirming each individual’s will. This paves the way
toward freedom and responsibility. The basic principle
of the Waldorf education suggests that the goal of every
teacher should be “To awaken the individual faculties
of each child so they learn how to learn”.
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In other words, that child learns to create
for his or her self, his or her own knowledge.
In each grade, materials are presented according to
the age and unique development of each child.
It is very important to know the ideal moment and
particular way the material should be presented.
It needs to meet the needs and possibilities of the
student. In other words, the Waldorf pedagogy
takes into account the stages of childhood
development (any acceleration can cause long term
irreversible damage).
THE ARTS AND PRACTICALS SKILLS
Waldorf teachers believe that a human being is not only a brain, but a brain with a heart and extremities, a being with a will and emotions on par with the intellect.
To ensure that an education doesn’t produce
individuals inclined toward the extreme of the mind,
stunted in emotional health and will, these less
acknowledged aspects of our human nature must be
constantly used, nourished and guided. This is
where the arts and manual handicrafts have an
essential contribution, educating the heart and
hands, and the mind. Waldorf schools are not
intended to train specialists in art. There is a different
purpose, which is to provide deep inner experiences.
There is no more effective activity for the cultivation
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of basic activities in the first septennium of early
childhood than art. Through the creation of art,
humans gain the experience of being fully engaged
with all soulful activities, and with every fiber of their
being, as they struggle to solve a problem that is
important to them. With artistic activity, the
fundamental abilities are being engaged: to observe,
create, respond, cultivate interest, awaken the
imagination, and strengthen the will. There is no
better way to strengthen the will than to practice
something with dedication and joy, over and over
again, overcoming difficulties and obstacles in the
process. In this way, the school becomes a path where
a variety of experiences enrich the soul of the child,
educating the whole human being, not just the head,
but also the heart and the hands.
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Carretera a Dolores Hidalgo Km. 6.5 Rancho los Charcos,
San Miguel de Allende, Gto.
Tel.: (415) 110·20· [email protected]
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