arc welding and cutting noise

5/24/2018 Arc Welding and Cutting Noise

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ARC WELDING AND CUTTING

COPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


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Arc Weldingand

Cutting NoiseA research report on one aspectof the welding environment

Based on research performed at Battelle-Columbus La boratories under contractwith The Am erican Welding Society andsupported by industry contributionsUnder the direction of the AWS Committee

on sa fe ty and Health, Project CommitteeVI on NoiseEdited by Frank Y. Speigh t, Secretary,and Hallock C. Camp bell, Consultant

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY2501 N" 7th Street, Miami, FL 33125



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Library of C ongres s Number: 79-51314International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-176-1

American Welding Society, 2501 N.W. 7th Street, Miami, FL 331250 1 9 7 9 by Am erican Welding SocietyAll rights reserved

Note: By publication of this book, the American Welding Society does not insure anyone utilizing the book againstliability arising from its use. A publication of a book or stand ard by the Am erican Welding Society does not carry with itthe right to make, use, or sell any patented item s, Each prospective user should make an independe nt investigation.Printed in the United States of America



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Contents

Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . vAcknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. viSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2TechnicalDisciission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2AWS Method for Sound Level Measurement of Manual Arc W elding and Cutting Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26. Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 2CommentsonSection6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 27 . Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Comm ents on Section 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 . Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7CommentsonSection8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 . Preparation of Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 7CommentsonSection9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 810. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Comme nts on Section 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 . Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Com men ts on Section 11 ...........................12. Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Comm ents on Section 12 ...........................Results and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Recommendations or Future Work ......................Appendix A : Method for Sound Level Measurement of Manual

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. c W elding and Cutting Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Appendix B : Table B1 and Data Sheets for Noise Measurem ent of Arc Welding and Cutting Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . 19



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Personnel :. .

AWS Committee on NoiseN. B. hankland, ChairmanE Z Speight. SecretaryK. . BrownN. D e T a r no ws bO. J . FisherR . Heytnann*A . E ManzJ . A . Northlip, Jr.C . RodmanE Sachs

D.W SchmerlingJ . S, eneskyC . E . StrainH . Trabbold

*Presently w ith U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency

Sciaky Brothers, IncorporatedAmerican W elding SocietyLincoln Electric Compan yAme rican National Standards InstituteBabcock and WilcoxU.S. Army Environmental Hygiene AgencyLinde Division, Union Ca rbide CorporationNorton C ompanyBattel le-Columbus L abora toriesU.S. Army Environmental Hygiene A gencyAlloy Rods Division,Airco Welding ProductsHobart B rothers CompanyArcair Company

Allegheny Ludlum Industries

V



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Acknowledgement

Thi s report was prepared by Charles W. Ro dma n, Lynn Faulkner, and Donald S kaggs of Battelle -Colum busLaboratories, dated November 4, 977. For publication it was edited by Frank Y. Speight and Hallock C.Campbell to AWS style, and the final version of AWS F6.1-78, Method for S ound Level Measurem ent ofMan ual Arc Welding and Cutting Proces ses, has been substituted for the draft version sup plied to B attelle.



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..-

Arc Welding and Cutting Noise

SUMMARYnts of the noise produced by fo ur arc weld-ing processes and o ne arc cutting process were evaluatedunder standardized measurement conditions now incor-porated in AWS F6.1-78, Method for Sound Level Mea-surement of Manual Arc Welding and Cutting Processes.Several impo rtant areas w ere surveyed or reviewed:I ) Measurement equip ment and calibration procedures(2) Qualification of th e m easurement space acous-

3) Evaluation of the sound measurement proceduresTh e conclusions regarding these items are as follows:I ) Equipment. Manufacturers procedures andrecommenda tions must be followed with regard to cali-bration of sound measuring instruments, microphoneplacement (relative to observer and reflecting surfaces),microphone orientation (angular orientation of micro-phone axis in relation to sound source), and wind screencorrections. Using the recomm ended procedures, repeat-able measurements within stated limits can be obtained.(2) Measurement space. Qualification of the mea-surement space was found to b e less difficult than antici-pated. The major criteria are background sound levelsdue t o other sources in the spac e, reflection of sound

ticallyin the qualified space

from room surfaces, a nd physical size of the space. T hebackground sound levels should be a min imu m of 10 dBbelow the levels to be measured from the weldingprocess. Acoustically reflecting surfaces, particularlywalls, mus tbe covered temporarily during measurements.This can be easily achieved by using 4 ft x 8 ft x 2 in.I .22 x 2.44 x 0.05 m) high-den sity glass fiber panels tocompletely surround the measurement location. Thesepanels need not be permanently attached to walls. Theroom within which the acoustic measurements are to betaken must be large enoug h to allow microphone position-ing at specified locations that will not be close to roomsurfaces: that is, walls or ceiling. It is recommended thatat least 8 ft (2.4 4 m) of clear space be available on allsides and above the welding table.3 ) Measurement procedure. The measurementprocedure described in the proposed stanard was foundto be acceptable for determination of noise levels fromwelding processes. It is important to m aintain the weld-ing process as nearly as possible in a stationary loca-tion while making noise measurements. A stationarysource and a moving workpiece are recommended.Recomm endations are made for future investigation ofthe procedure sensitivity to small variations in locationof microphones, and to variations in spectra of the pro-cess noise and the ambient sound. Conducting a roundrobin test of this method is also recommended.

1



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2/ARC WELDING A N D CUTTING NO IS E ,

INTRODUCTIONAs part of an overall program to investigate the in-fluence of welding operations on the environment of theworkplace, Battelle-Columbus Laboratories carried out

a series of noise measurements designed to quantify thenoise generated by arc w elding and cutting processes.The measurement procedure was selected by the Amer-ican Welding Societys Safety and Health Project Com-mittee VI on Noise. The processes to be measured wereselected by Project Com mittee VI11 on Researc h.In addition to obtaining data on process noise, oneof Battelles objectives, as specified by AWS, was toevaluate the effectiveness of the proposed AWS F6.1 -78,Method for Sound Level Measurement of Manu.al ArcWelding and Cutting Processes, at that time not yetapproved for publication.Over half of the B attelle effort consisted of partici-pation in the deliberations of the Comm ittee on the draftprocedure and i n preliminary evaluation of the roomqualification requirements of the procedure. The ad hoctask group charged with drafting the procedure releasedthe procedure to Battelle on July 19, 1977, and the listof processes to be measured was received from the Re-search Committee approximately one week later. Mea-surem ents were started on August 9, 1977, and com pletedAugust 16,1977.

TECHNICAL DISCUSSIONThe proposed M ethod for Sound Level Measurement ofManual Arc Welding and Cutting Processes was followedas closely as possible in order to evaluate the effective-ness of the document. In some cases additional measure-ment locations and proc ess settings were used to provideinsight into the sensitivity of the results to thes e variables,No attempt was made to analyze the results obtainedsince this was not included in the scope of the researchprogram. However, comments on the results are in-cluded, where appropriate.The format for t he following discussion of the stan-dard and its application consists of statements of eachsection, alternating with descriptions of the manner inwhich Battelle used each section i n carrying out t h emeasurements,

AWS Method for Sound Level Measurementof Manual Arc Welding and Cutting ProcessesThe draft standard, as finally presented to Battelle,was essentially the same as the standard now published.The experimental conditions to be tested were chosenby the AWS Committee on Noise and were those listedin the standard, plus readings with the microphone atthe position occu pied by the welder or weldin g operator.Follow ing are sec tions of the draft proc edure used byBattelle in performing the noise measurem ents, Th eapproved standard procedure appears as Appendix A .

6. Equipment6.1 Sound level measurem ents shall be made using asound level meter configuration conforming with therequirements of ANSI S1.4 (paragraph 2.1) for type Imeters.6.2 Equipment shall be located in acco rdance with Fig.A li n Appendix A, p. 18.6.3 The equipment shall be used in a test site that meetsthe requirements of 9.1 (for outdoor locations), or 9.2(for semianechoic test rooms), or 9.3 (for in-plantlocations).6.4 Octave band filter sets, if used, shall meet the re-quirements of ANSI SI.11-1966 for Class II filters.The octave band frequencies shall be those tabulated i nNote: The actcr iv bniid filter set i s required o i i l y for the evnliiii-tiori of the acoustic eiiviroiiiiietit occurring nt the test site.

ANSI S1.4-1971.

Comm ents on Section 66.1 The sound level meter used by Battelle was theGenRad Model 1933 Precision Sound Level Meter withOctave Band Analyzer. A one inch (25.4 mm) electretmicrophone with a foam wind screen recommended byGenRad was used for the measurements. The windscreen introduces less than -0.5 dB error at frequenciesup to 5 kHz, and approxim ately 2 dB i n the range 5 kHzto 12 kHz. The effect of the wind screen on A-weightedbroad band sound cannot be predicted unless the spec-tral content of the sound is known; however, the errorshould not exceed 2 dB ,6.2 Figure I , p. 3 , shows the layout of the measurementarea used. The sound level measurements of manual arcwelding and cutting processes were conducted in a simu-lated in-plant location. The test site was a laboratory spacein a steel fram e building with corrugated steel panel walls.The acoustical absorption of the thermal insulation onthe inside of the walls was augmented by placing 4 ft by8 ft by 2 in. (1.22 x 2.44 x 0.05 m) high-density acous-tical glass fiber panels around the pe rimeter of the m easure-ment space. The dimensions of the building, consistingof a single open area, are 18 ft by 60 ft (5.49 by 18.29 m)long, by 14 ft (4.27 m) high. The measurement space, asdefined by the acoustically absorbent panels, was 24- 1 /2ft by 17-1/4 ft (7.47 x 5.2 6 m). The test site had a concretefloor extending the width of the room. The glass fiberpanels were at a distance of no less than 5 ft (1.52 m) fromany measurement point.

I . The panels used have a densify of 0.375 ib/ft 1.83 kglm) .



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Technical Discussion 13tf t 10 in.(2.39 rn)

r Welding table

8 f t 8 i n . I 15 f t 10 in.4.83 rn)9 f t 5 n.

Glass fib erpanels\

I

O 0 0Shi eldin g gases3 5 f t(10.67 n)-

Sound level meter,voltage and currentmeter7

\utside wall

ig. 1-Layout of test site

/ - -Garage door

power supply

(Outside bui ld ing ]

No te : Not t o scale



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4/ARC W E L D I N G A N D C U T T I N G NOISE

6.3 The acoustic environment at the measurement pointswas determined to be free field by measuring the rateof decrease of the sound level along imaginary linespassing through the measurement points. A calibratedILG fan, used as the sound source, was placed on thefloor at the nominal location of the arc. No welding tablewas present. Octave band sound level measurementswere made along four radial lines (through points M2,M3, M4, and M5 of Fig. 1 , p. 3) at distances of 39 in.made at octave bands having center frequencies at 125 Hzthrough 8000 Hz . The results of the sound levei measure-ments at points on each of the four radial lines are shownon pp. 4 to 6, Fig. 2 through Fig. 5? Except for one direc-tion, the decrease in octave band sound level with doublingof distance from the fan to the microphone was at least 5dB. A difference of this magnitude is indicative of a suf-

ficiently free field acoustic condition. One direction,M4, was deficient at 8 kHz with a decrease of only 3 dBThe data are summ arized in the A ppendix, Table BI .

7. Precautions7.1 Technical Preca utions7.1.1 The sound level meter and the meter calibrator

1 m> and 79 in , (2 m) from the arc, Measurements were shall be stabilized at the ambient test site conditionsbefore7.1.2 The ambient sound level (including wind effects)shall be at least 10 dB lower than the level producedby the arc Processes under test. A calibrated wind-screen is rmm~ me nde dor outdoor m ~ ~ ~ m n e n t s7.1.3 Outdoor measurements are not recommendedwhen the wind velocity ~ ~ e e d s2 mPh (5. 4 mlsec.)7.1.4 CAUTION: Heat an d spatter associated w ith thearc process may damage the measurement equipment.It is recommended that the microphone be protected bya calibrated windscreen. It should be recognized thatdamage may be sustained by the windscreen.

and

2. Optional readings at 63 Hz have been plotted i n the figures but notincluded in Table BI.

I l I I I I l I- i- Meter -0 2 MetersI Range of ambient -0 -m

U at indicated band-m --

m -o

--50 - -

I I I I I I I63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000Octave band center freq uency, H z(Data shown in Fig s. 2-5 are presented in tabular form in Table BI.)

Fig. 2-Acoustic environment along measurement direction 2



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Technical Discus sionl5I I I I I I I l

f 1 Metero 2 MetersI Range of ambient- - a t indicated bandE 80Ea -

90 -UW -- -2

: 0O

50I I I I I I I I63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000

Octave band center frequency, Hz(Data shown i n Figs. 2-5 are presented in tabular form in Table Bi. )

Fig. 3 -Acoustic environment along measurement direction 3

I I I I I I 1 I

+ 1 MeterrnU

IEP

o 2 MetersRange of ambientI a t indicated band

70 - + to t to o- $ o0-50 -

I I I I I I 1 I63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000Octave band center frequency, Hz

(Data shown i n Figs. 2-5 are presented i n tabular form in Table BI.)Fig. 4-Acoustic environment along measurement direction 4



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6 / A ~ c E L D I N G A N D CUTTING NOISEI I I I I

L

90 -m2e 80-ez3 7 0 -a

UQ)- --=IlnCl

Um -nr 6 0 -01O -

50 -

Io f

o

I

+ 1 Meter0 2 MetersI Ra,nge o f ambien t

a t indicated band

t

oto o o

I I * I I I 1 I I63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000Octave band center frequency, Hz(Data shown i n Figs, 2-5 are presented in tabu lar form in Table BI.)

Fig. 5-Acoustic environment along measurem ent direction 5

7.1.5 The test site (paragraph 6.3) shall be free fromall equipment, personnel, or other objects not directly in -volved with the test. It is recommended that, if avail-able, a microphone extension cabl e be used and the bodyof the sound level meter be located remote from th e mea-surement point."7.1.6 Orient the microphone i n accordance with themanufacturer's instructions in order to yield the bestpossible frequency response at free field conditions.7.1.7 Fol low the meter manufacturer ' s recom-mendations for avoiding errors due to stray electromag-netic radiation or humidity and temperature.7.2 Safety PrecautionsCAUTION: Certain arc processes generate high soundlevels which may be hazardous to the hearing of person-nel in the test site. H earing protection, such as earplugsor muffs, should be worn unless it has been determinedthat the ar c process under test is not hazardous to hearing.Ail other work practices shall be in accordance withANSI 249.1 (paragraph 2.8).*If a microphone extension cable is used, it shall conform to the rec-ommendations of the meter man ufacturer for maintaining the integrityof a Q p e 1 measurement.

Comments on Section 77.1.1 The sound level meter and calibrator were left inthe test area at all times during the measurement pro-gram to assure that they were stabilized to room tempera-ture.7.1.2 For the majority of the measurements, it waspossible to comply with the requirement to have the am-bient sound level at least IO dB lower than the processnoise; however, for one set of measurements (GTAW),the process noise level was so low it was not feasible

to do so.7.1.4 The wind screen was inspected frequently fordam age by weld splatter. No damage was incurred du ringthe measurement program.7.1.5 All sound level measurements were made withthe welding power supply placed outside the building inwhich the test room was located. The sound level meter(except for the microphone) and the voltage and currentmeters were placed outside the boundaries of the testarea, beyond the absorbant panels. A microphone exten-sion cable conforming to the recommendations of themeter manufacturer was used. The only person insidethe test area at the time of the measurements was thewelder. When GMA and FCA welding were performed,



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Technical Discussion17

a wire feeder was located in the test area. The w ire feedergun was rigidly supported above the table at the correctdistance for the test being conducted. (It should be notedthat the wire feeder was in the test area only whenGM A and FCA welding were performed.)7.1.6 The microphone, with an approved windscreen,was oriented in accordance with the manufacturers in-structions in order to yield t he flattest possible frequencyresponse at free field conditions.7.1,7 A series of measurements was made with adummy microphone installed on the microphone pre-amplifier. The meter indication. remained at 22 dBAwhen the a rc was operating, indicating no influence bythe arc or cable fields on the preamp or the line leadingto the re mote sound levei meter.7.2 The welding operator was an experienced welderon the Battelle technical staff. He is familiar with therequirements of ANSI 249-1 and the need to complywith the special requirements of the draft procedure. H eis the same operator who assisted with the ventilationtesfs and the fume tests conducted as part of the overallAWSIBattelle program. Ot her personnel remained out-side the test area, behind the acoustic panels.8. Sampling8.1 Measurements shall be made at locations specified inFig. L3p. 15.8.2 Measurements shall be recorded on a form essenfiallysimilar to that shown in Fig. 2,3 p. 16.8.3 Case conditions shown on Fig. 2,3 p. 16.

8.3.1 Case A.-Al1 equipment operating but withoutarc initiation. This may require relocation of so me equip-ment outside of the test site, in order to meet the require-ments of paragraph 7. .8.3.2 Case B-Maximum recommended operatingparameters for the process being measured when theequipment range is adequate to supply process power.Otherwise maximum recommended equipm ent setting isused to establish the process operating parameters. Referto paragraphs 2.6 and 2.7.8.3.3 Case C-Minimum recommended operatingparameters for process being measured when the equip-ment range isad equate to supply the process power. Other-

wise minimum recommended equipment setting is usedto establish the process operating parameters. Refer toparagraphs 2 .6 a nd 2.7.Comm ents on Section 88.1 The sound level measurements were made at the fivelocations shown in Fig. 1 of AWS F6.1-78, see p. 15, andat the level of the welders ear (M6), see Fig. AI, p. 18.

8.3 Three case conditions were investigated for eachtype of welding. Case A measurements were ambientreadings with the equipment operating but with no arc.Case B measurements were m ade with maximum recom-mended operating conditions for the process being mea-sured. When the equipment range was not adequate tosupply process power, maximum recommended equip-ment settings were used to establish the process operatingconditions. Case C measurements were made within min-imum recommended operating conditions for the processbeing measured. When the equipment range was notadequate to supply the specified process power, the min-imum recommended equipment setting was used to es-tablish the process operating conditions. On some oc-casions, a Case D measurement was taken. Case D mea-surements were made with average or normal operatingconditions for the process being measured, as definedby the operator.9. Preparation of Equipment9.1 An outdoor location may be used as the test site ifi t is a flat area free of any large reflecting surfaces, suchasbuildings, signb oards, or hillsides, within 50t 15 m) ofthe arc. The surface of the ground must be free fromsnow, long grass, loose rock, ashes, or other absorptivematerial within 4.4 ft i .4 m) of any measurement point.9.2 A sem ianechoic test room may be used as the test siteif it meets t he following requirements:

9.2.1 The floor shall be hard and shall extend thewidth of th e test room. Th e average sound absorption co-efficient of the hard floor shall not exceed 0.1 a con-crete floor is suitable). The sound absorptive treatmentof the oth er surfaces shall be uniformly distributed andtheir average sound absorption coefficient shall be equalto or greater than 0 .99 over the frequency range of 125to 8000 Hz.

9.2.2 The room dimensions shall be sufficient so thatno measurement point is closer than 26 in. (670 mm) toan absorptive surface or w all.9.2.3 There shall be no acoustically reflecting sur-faces other than the floor and obstacles associated withthe test.

9.3 An in-plant location may be used as the test site if itmeets th e following requirements:9.3.1 Th e floor shall be acoustically reflective. A con-crete, sealed asphalt, or similar hard floor material issuitable,

9.3.2 There shall be no hard reflective surface otherthan th e floor within 4.4 ft. (1.4 m) of any measurementpoint.9.3.3 The acoustic environment at the measurementpoints shall be approximately free field. The existenceof a free field condition shall be determined by measur-. Seecomplete standard in Appendix A.



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8/AR c WELDING A N D CUTTING NOISE

ing the rate of decay of the sound level at the measure-ment points. A sound sourc e4 shall be placed at the loca-tion of the arc. Octave band sound level measurementsshall be made alo ng four radial lines at distanc es of 3 9 in.(i m) and 79 in. (2 m) from the arc. Measurements shallbe made at octave bands having ce nter frequencies at 125Hz through 8000 Hz. To be classified as approximatelyfree field, the difference in sound pressure level mea-sured at the two distances should be 4 dB or g reate t5

Comments on Section 9Th e test location used is typical of an in-plant location,with overhead duct work and a high ceiling. The con-crete floor had a shallo w pit directly under the work table.The pit was partially covered witbplywoo d and two ad-jacent sides w ere lined with glass fiber acoustical material

to suppress the formation of acoustic standing waves inthe cavity. As mentioned earlier, the metal walls of thebuilding were lined with therm al insulation batting and ad-ditional acoustic panels were installed temporarily. Theminimum distance from any m easurement point to absor-bant panel was 94 inches. The minimum overhead dis-tance was 99 inches.9.3 As described in the comment for section 6.3, themeasurement space was satisfactory from th e standpointof free field performance.

10. Calibration10.1 All sound m easurement equipment shall have beencalibrated as specified by the manufacturer, but in nocase shall the period between calibrations be longer thanone year, Calibration shall be performed by the manu-facturer, his designated representative, or a calibrationlaboratory.10.2 The sound level meter calibration shall be fieldchecked according to the manufacturer's recommen-dations.

4. Suitable sound sources are the calibrated iLG fan available from ILGIndustries, Chicago, Illinois, or the type 4204Reference Sound Sourceavailable from B& K, Cleveland, Ohio.5 Free-field conditions occur when the difference in the sound level at39 in. I m) vis-a-vis that at 79 in, (2 m) is 6 dB. A difference of lessthan 6 dB is an indication that some reverberation is occurring. It isrecommended that in-plant locations having a difference of less than4 dB not be used as measurement sites because the measured valueswould be higher than would be produced by the sam e arc under purelyfree field conditions such as would occur in outdo or locations.

Comments on Section i0The sound level meter and acoustic calibrator used forthe measurements were calibrated by the manufacturer,

GenRad, in Sep tember, 1976. The sound level meterwas calibrated, using th e GenR ad M odel 1562-A 5-fre-quency calibrator, at the beginning and end of each mea -surement series. A series consists of all the measurementsrequire d for a specific process.)

U. Procedure111 Set up the arc welding or arc cutting process asillustrated in Fig. i, p. 15.11.2 Field check the sound level meter (refer to 10.2)calibration.11.3 Set the sound level meter to A-weighting, slowresponse.11.4 Measure the ambient sound level at each of themeasurement points shown in Fig. i (omit point M6).11.5 For each of the arc operating conditions of 8.3,measure the sound level at m easurement points shown onFig. 1, p. 15. The measured so und level shall be the valueof central tendency during a five (5) second time period,rounded off to the nearest even integer, when the meterfluctuation is 3 dB or less. When the fluctua tion is greaterthan 3 d B, the recorded value shall be 3 dB less than themaximum value observed.11.6 Rep eat 11.5 two times fo r a total of three runs.11.7 Repeat the ambient sound measurements and fieldchec k of the sound level meter calibration.Note: Field check of the sound level meter calibrationand measurement of ambient sound level shall be per-formed immediately before and after each period of test-ing, If the above testing is interrupted, then additionalfield checks and ambient so und measurements shall be per-formed if required.Comments on Section 11

At the beginning of e ach test period, the sound levelmeter was checked for calibration, u sing the 5-frequencyacoustic calibrator. The sound level meter was then setto A-w eighting, slow response. The amb ient sound levelwas taken at each of the six measurem ent points. Then,for each arc process, the sound level was measured overa five (5) second time period with the aetual readingbeing the central tendency during th at time rounded offto the nearest even integer. If the meter fluctuation hap-pened to be greater than 3 dB, then the recorded valuewas 3 dB less than the measured value observed. Themeasurement at each location was repeated two addi-tional times for a total of three runs. The calibration wasthen re-checked.



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Technical Discussion B

12. Report121 Record all measured values on test data sheets suchas the exanlp le shown in Fig. 2, p. 16.12.2 Calculate the arithmetic average of the three soundlevel values for each Iocation and each arc operatingcondition. Round off the average to the nearest integer,In case of 0.5, round off to the nearest even integer. Enterthe average values on the data sheet.12.3 Sketch a layout of the test site showing the loca-tions of the measurement points, configuration of thearc Set-up, and th e location of any other objects or per-sonnel in the test site on a form such as shown on Fig. 3 ,p. 17. Include descriptions of the aco ustical measurementinstrumentation and the arc process workpiece. Operatingconditions in 8 . 3 . 2 and 8 . 3 . 3 are to be described on aform essentially similar to that shown in Fig. 3 . Thiswill include arc voltage and current, as well as other in-formation described as essential variables in the refer-ence of paragraph 2.4.12.4 Conformance with this standard method, to theextent true, shall be stated in the test report. Any de via-tion from recommended procedures or practice shall benoted, together with the reason for doing so and an es-timate of the change in accuracy resulting from thedeviation.

Comments onSection12The com pleted data sheets for the measurements per-

formed are presented in Appendix B. The data sheetsare essentially the same a s those suggested by the draftprocedure.Special conditions are shown on individual datasheets as appropriate. Some of these co nditions are de-scribed in the following paragraph.Each of the welding processes tested had its ownspecial conditions. For example, in S MA welding, whichwas the first type teste, it was found that the positionof the welder had an effect on the sound level measure-ments. At position M4, readings were first taken withthe welder standing between the arc and the microphone .These readings were between 5 and 6 dB less than if hewere standing off to one side. After this observation, allsubsequent readings were taken with the welder standingso as to not be between the arc and the microphone.6Theair carbon arc process produced a difficulty in which aconstant current Ievel could not be o btained. Therefore,it was decided to change the air pressure used to clearaway the molten metal. The maximum pressure used was6. Figure I, p. 15, shows the ear of the welder or operator at the side ofthe tablein front of microphone location M2 , which, accordingly, was asuitable position for readings at M3, M4, and M5. For reading M2, thewelder or operator worked from one of the other sides of the table.

that available in the test room and the minimum pressureused was that pressure needed to barely carry the moltenmetal out of the cut and off the weldi ng table. GTA weld-ing produced-the problem of ha ving too little differencebetween the ambient sound levels and those producedby the welding process. In order to alleviate this problem,the power supply, which was outdoors, was oriented insuch a way that the blower outlet was directed away fromthe test area. Also, glass fiber panels were put aroundthe power supply. GMA welding had an interesting fea-ture in that the sound levels recorded overhead weresomewhat lower than the other locations. It was thoughtthat the welders arm might have been causing this re-duction, since it was necessary to reach over the tableto start the wire feeder and the welding process.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe data sheets completed during the measurementprogram are reproduced as Appendix B. In practicallyall cases, th e results of three different measurem ents of aspecific process at aspec ificlocation were within k 2 dB.Relative noise levels of various arc welding processescan be seen in Fig. 6 p . 10, which summarizes the pro-cesses investigated and their range of noise levels. Thefigure shows the range from minimum to maximum A-weighted sound level measured at the five primary meas-urement locations, over the range of w elding current, foreach process and condition.From the information shown in the figure, the pro-

cesses can be rank ordered with respect to noise as fol-lows: GTAW is quietest, with SMAW, GMAW, andFCAW following in order of increasing loudn ess, exceptfor the special case when FCAW is used with stainlessbase and wire materials, and the resulting sound level ismore nearly like that of GTAW. There is also some in-dication of a n increase in noise with a de crease in currentdown to the point of arc instability. Air carbon arc cuttinghas a cha racteristically high noise level.In general, the conclusion is that the techniques spelledout in the proposed Method for Sound Level Measure-ment of Manu al Arc Welding and Cutting Processes areadequate for setting up and qualifying a measurementspace and performing the noise measurements required.Precision and accuracy should be considered from twodifferent points of view. The first consideration is forprecision and accuracy of the sound measurements. This

is primarily a function of the condition and ca libration ofthe noise measuring equipment used. The second is theprecision and accuracy of the me thod. De termination ofvalues for precision and accuracy of the method cannotbe done with a single set of measurem ents. Rather, thesame process must b e measured by several investigators,and some standard value must be agreed upon, beforethe precision and accuracy are known.



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A W S AWN 7 7 W 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 b O

~OI AR C ELDING A N D CUTTING NOISE

Rod' Base' A-weighted sound pressure level, dB2rocessiam. Material

i n . (mm)GTAW 3/32 (2.4) ER30 8-LFCAW 3/32 (2.4) E308-LFCAW 3/32 (2.4) E70T-IFCAW 3/32 (2.4) E70T-4SMAW 5/32 (4.0) E60101PSMAW 5/32 (4.0) E6OIOIPSMAW 5/32 (4.0) E7018

GMAW .O45 1 . 1 ) E7OS-3

AAC 3/16 (4.8) CCAAC 3 /16 (4.8) CCI . See Data Sheets for detailed information

Thicknessi n . (min)1/2 (12.7)3/4 (19.2)1/2 (12.7)3/4 (19.1)3/4 (19.1)3/4 19.1)3/4 (19.1)318 ( 9.5)314 (19.1)3/4 (19.1)

Material Amperes 40_ _ _ _ _ _ss 130-190MS 210-275ss 130- I90M S 290-540MS 260-5I5MS 130-190MS 115-180MS 130- I90MS NAMS NA

60 80 loo 120,V..,:.:.:.

:i:;:;:...i .....,..*if*.........?;;??: p:;.:.;.;.e . . ;.:.;.;.:.;.;..............:F.F.sflfl.................................

2. The dotted bars following each process description represent the range of sound pressure levels measured at the five primary locations over therange of current values used (eliminatin g measurement M6 at the level of the welder's or operator's ear ).Fig. 6-Relative A-weighted sound pressure levels of arc welding processes

RECOMMENDATIONS FORFUTURE WORKThe developm ent of a draft recommended method formeasuring noise from arc w elding processes and the sub-sequen t program conduc ted by Battelle represent a majoradvance in the state of documented knowledge relativeto the noise characteristics of we lding processes. In orderthat the knowledge gained be put to the most effectiveuse and the draft standa rd method fully qualified for ac-ceptance as a consensu s standard by an organization suchas ASTM, ANSI, or SAE, a follow-up program is rec-ommended in which the sensitivity of the procedure to

user interpretation and to the spectra of the process noisewould be determined. The first program would consist ofplannin g and supervisin g a round robin evalu ation of thedraft procedure . The results of the round robin w ouldprovide the data needed to develop a statem ent about pre-cision and accuracy. The second program, which shouldbe planned by the Project Committee on Noise, wouldinvestigate i n depth the effects of such thing s as ambientspectra, proces s spectra, and the sensitivity of the methodto small deviations from the microphone locations calledfor by the draft procedure. (For example, the importanceof maintaining a specific height for the microphone abovethe work piece would be determined.)

.



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Appendix A: F6.1-78Method For Sound LevelMeasurementof ManualArc Welding and Cutting ProcessesbyAmerican Welding SocietyProject Comm ittee on Noise,under the directio n of theComm ittee on Safety and Health

i . Introduction and Sc op eThis standard method describes the equipment andprocedure to be used in measuring sou nd levels ofmanual arc welding and cutt ing processes. Th eprocedure described allows the user to measure thesound level associated with specific processes in areproducible manner that permits comparison withother selected processes. This m ethod is not applicableto the determination of operator exposure to processsound. The standard method assures that manual arcprocess sound level data obtained by differentindividuals in different locations are comparable.Sound levels can be identified as being measured inaccordance with this AWS standard only if obtainedunder strict adherence to this method. Data obtainedusing any nonadherent methods cannot be identifiedas being obfained in accordance with this AWSstandard.The sound level meter and. associated equipmentused in the measurement procedure shall be an ANS IS1.4 Type 1 (a lso known as SlA ) . '

2. Applicable Docum ents2.1 AN SI S1.4 (1971 R1976), Specification for Sou ndLevel Meters, Am ericanN ational Standard s Institute,Inc., N.Y., N.Y.

'An ANS I S1.4 Type 2 sound level meter may be used forinformation gathering or survey purposes if less accuracy isacceptable to the user. However, such measurements cannotbe identified as being in accordancewith this AWS standard(2. I ) .

2.2 ANSI S 1.11 (1966 R 1976), Octave , Half-O ctave,and Third-Octave Band Filter Sets, AmericanNational S tand ards Insti tute, Inc., N.Y., N.Y.2.3 ACG IH 1977 TLVs@,Threshold Limit Values forPhysical Agents, American Conference of Govern-mental Industrial Hygienists2.4 AWS D1.1-REV-1-1976, Structural WeldingCode2.5 A W S A3.0-1976, Welding Terms an d Definitions2.6 NE M A EW3-1976, Sem iaii tomatic Wire FeedSystems for Arc Welding, National ElectricalManufacturers AssociationElectr ic Arc Welding Apparatu s2.8 ANS I 249.1-1973, S afety in Weld ingand C utting,available from American Welding Society

2.7 NEMA EWI-1971, REV 3 (ANSI C87.1-1976),

3. Summary of MethodTh e sound level generated by m anu al arc welding orar c cutting processes ismeasured w ith the A -weighted,slow response meter setting. Measurements are madeat radial locations o ne meter from the arc center. Th epreferred acoustic environment is free field over areflecting plane, such as occurs in semianechoic testrooms or outdo ors. Measu rements are also permittedin approximately free field conditions such as wouldoccur in in-plant locations, Users of this methodshould be aware that measurements made in in-plantlocations may be higher than those made insemianechoic test rooms or outdoors.

11COPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


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12/ARC W E L D I N G A N D C U T T I N G NOISE

4. Significance and UseThe purpose of this standard method is theestablishment of the conditions under which repro-ducible sound level measurement data shall be takenfor the various manual arc welding and cuttingprocesses. This method is not applicable to thedetermina tion of operator exposure to process sound .

I

5. TerminologyA-weighted. The specific prescribed frequency re-sponse of the sou nd level meter. ANSI S1.4 requiresA, B, and C response charac teristics for general useinstruments. A-w eighting is assumed unless other-wise specified.free field. In practice, a n area of measurement in whichthe effects of the boundaries are negligible for theregion of interest.meter calibration. The procedure by which theimportant changes in performance of an instrumentare discovered and corrected. Normally theprocedure is provided by the instrument manu-facturer.octave band. A frequency band whose upperfrequency is twice its lower frequency.process power. A general descriptive term referring tothe source of electrical energy which is required forarc operation.reflecting plane. Th e ground or surface over which the

measurements are made. Sound will be reflectedfrom the p lane unless the reflections are reduced byacoustic ab sorbing materials.semihechoic test room, A laboratory test room thatproduces an acoustic environment t hat is free fieldover a reflecting plane. It is essentially a n anech oicroom with one of the surfaces, usually the floor,acoustically reflective.slow response. The speed of response, designated asslow by ANSI S1.4, when making measurementswith a sound level meter conforming to thestandard.sound absorption coefficient. Typically, a numberbetween zero and one which describes the soundabsorp tion qualities of a material. Total a bsorptionis given as one.sound level meter. A meter constructed according toANSI S1.4 standards for the measurement of soundlevel. It consists of a microphone, amplifier,indicating meter, and weighting filters.windscreen. A screen used to protect the microphoneof a sound level meter from th e noise effects of wind.It is designed t o reduce t he wind noise significantlywithout a serious effect on the system's frequencyresponse.

6. Equipment6.1 So un d level measurem ents shall be made using asound level meter configuration conforming to therequirements of ANS I S1.4 for Type 1 meters.6.2 Equipment shall be located i n accordance witFig. 1 , p. 15.6.3 The equipment shall be used i n a test site thameets the requirements of 9.1 (for outdoor locations)9.2 (for semianechoic test rooms), or 9 .3 (for inpianlocations),6.4 Octave band filter sets, if used, shall meet therequirements of ANSI S 1.11 - 1971. Th e octave bandfrequencies shall be those tabulated in ANSIS1.4-1971 (2.2).Note: The octave band filter set is required onlyfor the evaluation of the acoustic environmentoccurring at the test site.7. Precautions7.1 Technical Precautions7.1.1 The sound level meter and the metercalibrator shall be temperature stabilized at theambient test site conditions before calibration anduse.7.1.2 The ambient sound level ( including windeffects) shall be a t least 10 dB (on the A scale) lowerthan the level produced by the arc process under test(Cases B and C of 8.3). A ca librated w indscreen is

recommended for outd oor m easurements.7.1.3 Outdoor measurements are not recom-mended when the wind velocity exceeds 5 m / s(approximately 12 mph).7.1.4 CAUTION: Heat and spatter associated withthe arc process may damage the measuringequipment. I t is recommended tha t the microphonebe protected by a calibrated windscreen. It shouldbe recognized tha t d amage may be sustained by thewindscreen.7.1.5 The test site (6 .3) shall be free from allequipment, personnel, or objects not directlyinvolved with th e test.When a microphone extension cable is used itshall conform to the recommendations of the metermanufacturer for maintaining the integrity of anANSI S1.4 Type 1 measurement system.7.1.6 The microphone shall be oriented in accord-ance with the manufacturer's instructions in orderto yield the flattest possible frequency response atfree field con ditions.7.1.7 Th e meter manufacturer's recommendationsfor avoiding errors due to stray electromagneticradiation, humidity, or temperature shall befollowed.



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Appe ndx A113

7.2 Safety PrecautionsCAUTION: ertain arc processes generate high soundlevels. Hearing protection, such as earplugs o r muffs,shall be worn unless ithas been determined that the arcprocess under test is not hazardous to hearing. Allother work practices shall be in accordance withANSI 249.1 (2.8),8. Sampling8.1 Measurements shal l be made at the locationsspecified in Fig. i , p. 15.8 . 2 Measurements shal l be recorded on a formessentially sim ilar to that shown in Fig. 2, p. 16.8.3 Case conditions shown on F ig. 2, p. 16.8.3.1 Case A-All equipmen t operating, butwithout arc initiation. This may require relocationof some equipmen t outside the test site, in order to

meet the requirements of 7.1. This case allowsmeasurement of the sound generated by thatequipment which is essential to the arc process andwhich cann ot be readily placed in a position remoteto the test site.8.3.2 Case B-Maximum recomm ended operatingconditions for the process, measured when theequipment range is adequate to supply processpower. Otherwise, maximum recomm ended equip-ment setting is used to establish the processoperating conditions. Refer to 2.6 and 2.7.8.3.3 Case C-Minimum recomm ended operatingconditions for the process, measured when theequipment range is adequate to supply processpower. Otherwise, minimum recomme nded equip-ment setting is used to establish the processoperating conditions. Refer to 2.6 and 2.7.

9. Preparation of Equipment9.1 A n ou tdoo r location may be used as the test site ifit is a flat area free of any large reflectingsurfaces suchas buildings, signboards, or hillsides within 15 m(50 ft) of the arc. Th e surface of the ground m ust befree from snow , long grass, loose rock, ashes, or othe rabsorptive material within 1.4 m (4.6 ft) of anymeasurem ent point.9.2 A semianechoic test room may be used as the testsite if it m eets the following requirements:9.2.1 The f loor shall be hard an d shall extend thewidth of test room. T he average sound absorptioncoefficient of the hard floor shall not exceed O. 1 (aconcrete floor is suitable) . The sound absorptivetreatment of the other surfaces shall be uniformlydistr ibuted and their average sound absorptioncoefficient shall be equal to or greater than0.99 overthe (frequency range o f ) 125 to 8000 Hz octavebands.

9.2.2 The room dimensions shall be suff icient sothat no m easurement point is closer than 660 mm(26 in.) to an absorptive surface or wall.9.2.3 There shall be no acoustically ref lectingsurfaces other than the f loor and the equipmentassociated with the test.

9.3 An in-plant location may be used as the test site ifit meets the following requirements:9.3.1 The floor shall be acoustically reflective.Concrete, sealed asphalt, or a similar hard f loormateria1 is s uitable.9.3.2 There shall be no acoustically reflectivesurface other than the f loor and equipmentassociated w ith the test within 1.4 m (4.6 ft) of anymeasurem ent point.9.3.3 The acoustic environment at the measure-ment points shall be approximately free field. Theexistence of a free field condition shall bedetermined by m easuring, at the specified measure-ment points, the reduction of the sound level withdistance from the source. A sound source2 shali beplaced at the location of the arc. Octave band sou ndlevel measurements shall be ma de along four radiallines at distances of 1 and 2 m (39 and 79 in.) fromthe arc posit ion. Measurements shall be made atoctave bands having center frequencies at 125 Hzthrough 8000 Hz. T o be classified as approximatelyfree field, the difference in sou nd pres sure levelmeasured at the two distances should be 4 dB orgreater.310. Calibration10.1 All sound measurement equipment shall havebeen calibrated as specified by the manufacturer, butin no case shall the period between calibrations belonger than one year. Calibration shall be performedby the manufacturer, his designated representative, ora calibration laboratory.10.2 The sound level meter shall be field calibratedaccording to the manufacturers recommendation.ZSuitable sound sources are the calibrated ILG Fan availablefrom ILG Industries, Div. of Carrier Corp., 2850 NorthPulaski Rd., Chicago, IL 60641, or theTyp e4204 ReferenceSou nd Source available from B&K Instruments, Inc., 51 1 1W. 164 St., Cleveland, OH 44142.3Free field con ditions o ccur when th e difference in the soun dlevel at 1 m 39 in.) vis-a-vis tha t a t 2 m 79 in.) is 6 dB. Adifference of less than 6 dB is an indication that somereverberation is occurring. It is recommended that in-plantlocations having a difference of less than 4 dB n ot be used asmeasuremenf sites because the measured values would behigher than would be produced by the same arc under purelyfree field conditions, such as would occur in outdoorlocations. The welding table may be removed during themeasurements.



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A W S A W N 77 0 7 8 4 2 b 5 0 0 0 0 2 7 3 2

1 4 / A R C W E L D I N G A N D C U T T IN G NOISE

11. Procedure11.1 Set up the arc welding or arc cutting process asillustrated i n Fig. I , p, 15.11.2 Field calibrate the sound level meter (10.2).11.3 Set the sound level meter to A-weighting, slowresponse.11.4 Measure the ambient sound level at any one of themeasurement points shown i n Fig. 1, p. 15.11.5 Fo r each of the arc o perating conditions of 8.3,measure the so und level a t measurement points showni n Fig. I , p. 15. The measured sound level shall be thevalue of central tendency during a five 5) second timeperiod, r ounde d off to the nearest whole integer, whenthe meter fluctuation is 3 dB o r less. When the meterfluctuation is greater than 3 dB, the recorded valueshall be 3 dB less than the m axim um observed value.11.6 Repeat 11.5 two times for a total of three runs.11.7 Repeat the ambient sound measurements and thefield check of the sound level. meter calibration.Repeat the entire Procedure when more than a 1 d Bdrift is determined to have occurred in the sou nd levelmeter calibration or the requirements of 7.1.2 ar e nolonger met.Note: A field check of the sound level meter cali-bration and measurement of ambient sound levelshall be performed immediately before and aftereach period of testing. If the above testing isinterrupted, then additional field checks andsound measurements shall be performed asrequired.

12: Reportl2.1 Record all measured values on test data sheetssuch as the exam ple shown in Fig. 2, p. 16.12.2 Calculate the arithmetic average of the three-sound level values for each location and each arcoperating condition. Round off this average to thenearest integer; round off values ending in 5 t o t h enearest even integer. En ter the average values on thedat a sheet. If successive measurements vary by mo rethan 5 dB, the data shall not be averagedarithmetically and the test shall be considered notsufficiently reproducible.

12.3 Sketch a layout of the test site on a form as showni n Fig. 3, p. 17, show ing the locations of the m easurementpoints, configuration of the arc Set-up, and thelocation of any objects or personnel in the area.Include descriptions of the acoustical measurementinstrumentation including calibration and the arcprocess workpiece. The operators position shall beshown and the distance, D, from the arc to the filterplate in the operators helmet shall be recorded inFig. 3 . Operating conditions in 8.3.2 and 8.3.3 are tobe described on a f orm similar to tha t show n in Fig. 3 .This description will include arc voltage and current,as well as other information, such as essentialvariables in AWS D1.l, Section 5.5.2 (reference in2.4).12.4 The extent of conformance with this standardmethod shall be stated in the test report. A ny deviationfrom recommended procedures or practice shall benoted, together with the reason for so deviating, andan estimate of the chang e in accuracy resulting fromthe deviation.

13. Precision and Accuracy13.1 Ther e is no experience, a t present, with the use ofthis metho d. The sources of variation of results can begrouped into three classes: meter accuracy, arcvariations, and acoustic environment.13.2 Th e A NS I S1.4Type 1 sound level meter shouldyield a precision of better than 1 dB.13.3 The magnitude of scatter in the sound level dueto variations in the arc cannot be estimated at thistime. Th e very fact that the a rc is manually controlledwould lead on e to anticipate variations in sound level.13.4 So un d level differences will result whe n test siteshaving different acoustic environm ents are used. Anin-plant test site could produc e results tha t are 2 dBAhigher than would be obtained from an y identical arcprocess tested in a semianechoic test room o r outdo orsand still meet the criteria for test sites.13.5 Th e accuracy of this test metho d is estimated tobe the same a s the so und level meter accuracy. That is,the agreement between the measured values and thetrue values of sou nd level generated by any a rc processat any location and under any given operatingcondi tion is within 1 dBA.

. ... .COPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


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Appendix A115

Notes:I . The recommended table top is approximately

610 x 610 mm (24 x 24 in.).2. Al l distances wil l be referenced to the approximatemidpoint of the arc.3. Microphone position M I is 1 m (39 in.) directlyabove the arc center.4. Orthogonal microphone positions M2, M3, M4, andM5 are all in a horizontal plane 340 mm (13-1/4 in.)above the arc center.5. Microphone positions M2, M3, M4, and M5 are 1 m(39 in.) in the radial direction from the arc center.6. Microphone locations may be offset from the estab-lished pattern due to inaccessibility of desiredlocation.7. There shall be no,obstruction between the arc andthe microphones.8. The operator shall be located between positionsM2 and M3.

Vertical center l inethrough arc

//

rAL A

M3-te-

M4I

X M5Kp er ato r L T a b l e o p

B I B

ITop v iew

Vertical center l inethrough arc

Horizontal center l inethrough arc (may be ontable top or distanceabove t o su i t condi t ion)

Lef t s ide v iew Fron t v iewA- A B-BScale: 1 rnrn = 30 rnrn

Fig. I-Measurement point locations



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AWS AWN 7 9 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 7 5 6 U

16/ARc W E L D I N G A N D C U T T I N G NOISE

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSESSerialPower source Manufacturer Numb erType of process Filler MaterialBase material Shield ing materialImportant note: Comp letion of Fig. 3 form is required also.

Measured A-weighted slow responsesound levels

I

C

Calculated average A-weighted slow response sound levels

*CaseAB

,Equipment ON - rc n ot initiated (see 8.3.1)Maximu m recom mended equipment/process sett ing (see 8.3.2)

~

C Minim um recommended equipment/process sett ing (see 8.3.3)**Data column for addit ional measurement at arbitrary location. For informational purposes only. If used, enterdescription of microph one location and other data on Figs. 1 and 3.

Tested by: Test dateFig . 2-Test data sheet



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Appendix A117

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHOD.FOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF M ANUA L ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSESSerialPower source Manu act u e Numbe rType of process Fil ler material

Base material Shielding materialSound level test instrumentation identif ication (man ufacturer, model, etc.)

Sound level meter SN Calibration dateMicrophone SN Calibration dateField calibrator SN Calibration dateSketch: Identify the arc process location, including distance from arc to table top,and the location of and dimensions to the microphone.

Description of welding conditions (essential variables [2.4])

Fig. 3-Test site and measurement details



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A W S A W N 7 7 7 8 4 2 b 5 0 0 0 0 2 7 8 L M

Appendix B: Table B I and Data Sheets forNoise Measurement of Arc Welding and Cutting Processes

Direction M21252.50500O00200040008000Direction M3I25250500I O00200040008000Direction M4I25250

SOOI O00200040008000Direction M5I25250500IO00200040008000

Table B ISummary of s i te qual i f icat ion measurementsOctave band sound pressure level? dB

Octave band Source off Sourc e on Levelcenter, Hz ambient differen ce

I ni 2 n I ni 2ni52 5244 4331 3125 2420 1920 2020 2053453225222021SI433124211819

5345322322192051443225201820

696869717370666970707070716966676868676461

626363666765516465656464656460626364626058

755655

5556665

6

51 71 64 7346 44 70 64 631 3 2 71 65 624 70 64 6520 70 64 64 21 72 64 81 21 69 63 61

*Reference evel 20 pPa

19COPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


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20/ARc WELDING AND CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTT ING PROCESSES

Modeltested 250 amp Mmbr Generahr Manufacturer &barb SN A A b d - a / 3 3 0Type of process S M A 2 Fillermaterial 6 7 0 / 8 e lec f rode . 5 32 hBasematerial 319 ;h . W l d s t e e l Shielding ma terial / Y O f i aImportant note: Completion of second p art of form is required also.

MMicrophone location M I

Run Case Condition*I

A 1 5 9 5

I C I 6 6

C 68I D 70I II A

3 I B 168C 6 8D 68

cured A-weighted slow response sound levelsM2 M3 M4 M5 M6

7 0 72 72 72 78

46 45 4.a 4.6 4.p74 7 4 74 72 76i: 72 I 7 2 176

45 4.a 4.p74 7 4 74 72 76I I I I

I I

4 6 6 4 6 4 6 4 674 74 74 72 7672 70 72. 7 2 7872 7 p 72 70 7 6

Calcu lated average A-weighted slow response sounMicrophone location M1 M2 M3

Case Condition*A e5 6 45B 67 74 7qC 6 7 7 1 7 fD 6 9 7 2 73

levels

45747272 77

*Cas e conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-N o arc-EauiDment ONB Maximum recommended equipmentlprocess setting /40C Minimum recommended equipment/process setting /30 AD Average recommended equipmentlprocess setting / 6 08



27/45

A W S AWN 7 9 0 7 8 4 2 b 5 O 0 0 0 2 8 0 T

Appendix BI21AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MANUAL ARC W ELDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested 250 amp M o h r G e n e r a t o r Manufacturer Hobart SNJAM- a /330Essential variablesType of process Sh? hfBase material 3/8 i n . m / f s f e e / Shielding material NohePower supply: T y p e -a c x d c Polar i ty:-StraightXrevers edJoint detail h a on o f a teTraverse speed / i dm in Leng th 2 3 n. Dwelltime 0Sound level test instrumentation identification (manufacturer, model, etc.)Sound level meter GefiRad 1933 SN 950 Calibration date SePF- 1976Microphone GenRad 196 I - 460 f SN //IO Calibration date S q P f - ' 9 7 6Field calibrator Geh Rczd / 5 6 2 A SN 497 Calibration date S e p f . i 976

Filler ma terial E 7018 e/ecfroe , / S 2 h.

7 f t 10 in.12

15 ft 10 in.(4.83 m) I

9 f t 5 in.(2.87 m) Glass fiberpanels

t I I

O 0 0Shielding gases35 f t(10.67 m)-

Sound level meter,voltage and currenimeter7ci

Outside wall

Run 1. Layout of Test Site

r Garage door

power supply

(Outside building)

Note: Not to scale



28/45

A W S A W N 7 7 M 0 7 8 4 Z b 5 0 0 0 0 2 8 1 1

22/ARC WELDING A N D CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOC IETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested 25'0 U ~ , R Ohr 6 ' ~ ~ d O ~anufacturer / bat-* SN A A W - 2 / 3 3 0Type of process A h Carban A r o C u W m Filler material &bL; a,h6 ih. C O A Der clad carbon d e cn . m i l d s7LeeI Shielding material-t'mp- t n x f e s u s e dasematerial 3 IImportant note: Com pletion of second part of form is requ ired also.

Microphone ocation M IRun Case Condition*

A 5 0

C 78

I 4 92 l B I /O6C /&O

I

D /O6A 4 9

C 48D /do

5 0/ /O98 /o2


T a s e conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-Equipment ONB Maximum recomm ended equipment/process setting 32 p s i ait- p r e s s u r eC Minimum recommended equipment/process setting 16 p s i a i r p r e s s u r eD Average recommended equipmentlprocess setting 224 p s i a i r pressure

Tested by: Test date / , /977Run 2. Sound L evel Measurements



29/45

AWS AWN 7 9 0 7 8 4 2 b 5 0 0 0 0 2 8 2 3

Appendix BI23AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC W ELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSES

Model tested 250 amp f i o f o r Generator Manufacturer f f bba t SN BAN- 24330Essential variablesType of proc ess Air curban ara c u W n uBasemateriai a/ n . mi ld s+ee/ Shielding material A b n e dec f rdcs u e dPower Supply: Type-acAdc Polarity:-straight-zCreversedJoint detailTraverse sp eed /=L in./min Length 2- in. Dwell time 0Sound leve l test instrum entation identification (m anufacturer, mode l, etc.)Filler material&f?C; 3kh in . CWp4F da, ClWbfi

Sound level meter GernRad 1933 SN 850 Calibration date SqPf. '7Microphone GenRud I /- 6 o / SN ///o Calibration date sed. 976Field calibrator SN9f alibration date S P ~1976Y Rad 156 2 A

t o o 0(2.39 m)

Welding table

' I " M 1I vM 3M5

8 f t 8 i n .(2.64 rn) 15 f t TO in.(4.83 m)\I M 4

9 ft 5 in.(2.87 rn)I Glass fiberpanels\

I

Shi eld in g gases

35 ft- 10.67 rn)-

Sound level m eter,voltage and cur renimeter7

Outside wall

I


r arage doo r

l W e l d i n gpower supply

(Outside building)

Note: No t to scale

OPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


30/45

---A W S AWN 7 9 M 078L12b5 0 0 0 0 2 8 3 5 M

24/ARC WELDING AND CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SO CIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CU TTING PROCESSES

Model tested 250 amo MO?b Genera tw Manufacturer h/dbare SN /?Ah/- 2/330Type of process G A& Filler material ER 308L /ow arboh 3/32 / i > .Important note: Completion of second part of form is required also.Base m aterialW n l e s s s tee l // i?? . Shielding m aterial Arun 3 C F f f ss rod


I

*Cas e conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-E aubm ent ONB Maximum recommended eau bmen throces s settina /70AC Minimum recommended equipmentlprocess setting 30D Average recommended equipmentlprocess setting / L o A

Tested by: 09.. k 8 L Test date d lu& //, /977Run 3. Sound Level Measurements

r~ ..- . . - . .COPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


31/45

A W S A W N 7 9 m 0 7 ~ 4 2 ~ 5O O O Z A L I 7 m

AppendixBI25AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHO DFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSES

Model tested 250 aTD &hr- G e h e r a t 0 r Manufacturer Hobart SN AAw*2/330Essential variablesType of process G T A l Filler material f%308L / O u curb&?. 3/32 r'ns5 rodase material 8hzin/eSs s sec/ //2 n .Power supply: Type-ac.2Ldc Polarity:Lstraight-reversedJoint detailTraverse spe ed / 2 in./min L e n g t h a i n . Dwell time 0Sound level test instrum entation identification (manufacturer, mode l, etc.)

Shieldingmaterial Arson 30 CFff

Calibration date * /?71SN Sedound levei meter Gen Rad 1433Microphone G m R d 61 96 SN 1/10 Calibration date S


32/45

A W S AWN 7 9 0 7 8 4 2 b 5 0 0 0 0 2 8 5 9 M

2 6 / A ~ cWELDINGND CUTTINGOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHO DFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROC ESSES

Model tested 7523 a m Recf./S/er Manufacturer Linde SN E * /6&/ 93Type of process C M R w Filler material Bare s h e / WiPc,. E 76s-3 . d a b h .Basematerial 3 ;h. mil s + e e l Shielding material Cond. 6 98% Ar9on. leo 5 x y q c h ;Important note: Completion of second p art of form is required aso.M.,, Fee,ond C .n,,m,.n~o.,s,,,/scc3/90 Azpon. 9 Caz 60th o ck4

Calculated average A-weighted slow respMicrophone location

Condition*

6 71 75C 72. I75D I l

nse sound levels~ M3 M4 M5

46 4 6 4673 73 7374 73 76

Case conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-Equipment ONB Maximum recommended equipmentlprocess setting 2 . 7 5 1 4 i h. elecfrica1

st;cA1ou tC Minimum recommended equipmentlprocess setting L / O AD Average recommended equipmentlprocess setting

Tested by: f - Test date A. /977Run 4. Sound Level Measurements



33/45

AUS AWN 7'7 0 7 8 4 2 b 5 000028b O W

Appendix BI27AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT QF M ANUAL ARC W ELDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested 750 a mp kkcSI' 'er Manufacturer Linde SNE-166 1993Essential variables Wire Feed 7/3 n../m;n ta I 3 m/seclType of process G M A Filler material Bare W / h?


34/45

AWS AWN 7 7 W 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 8 7 2 W

28/ARc WELDING AND CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested Z5O &hr Generator Manufacturer Hobare SN & / h f - 2 / 3 3 0Type of process S M A WBase m aterial 9-14 h. mi/ s + e d Shielding m aterial NoheImportant note: Completion of second part of form is required also.

Filler material 6/O - / P deC7+oe 5/32 h .

*Cas e conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-Equipment ONB Maximum recomm ended equipmentlprocess setting /80 iC Minimum recommended equipmentlprocess setting 5AD Average recommended equipmentlprocess setting / m A

Tested by: &*&&&wu Test date /977Run 5. Sound Level Measurements



35/45

y g

A W S AWN 7 9 7842b5 0 0 0 0 2 8 8 LI

Appendix BI29

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCES SESModel tested 250 @TD % f o r G e n e r a t o r Manufacturer h&kZrc SN fiM-Z/330Essential variablesType of process SMAffBase m aterial 3 / 4 m i l d sfee/ Shielding ma terial /YonePower supply : T yp e -a cL d c Polarity:-straight2LreversedJoint detailTraverse speed /2 in./min Length 2 3 in. Dwelltime 0Sound leye l test instrum entation identification (manufacturer, mode l, etc.)Sound level meter Geh Rad 1433 SN 850 Calibrationdate sed 1976Microphone Genilad 14 l - 9bOf SN ///o alibration date SqDf Y76Field calibrator GenRad .4 A SN 447 Calibrationdate S ~ n f1976

Filler material 6610 -P decfrde:


36/45

y g

A W S A W N 7 9 W 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 8 9 b W

30/ARc WELDING AND CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREM ENT OF MAN UAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested 260 a m Rohr- Generazh r Manufacturer f t SN dPbd-2/330Type o i process fc?A f iBase m aterial (/z in. s fa t n css s f e e lImportant note: Completion of second part

Filler ma terial 15308LShielding materialAr$o n 30 CfHwipe Feed +e - /24 h./mifia b 2 ih. / dm Carbon 6 selectmde

(52.5- mm/Sec )of form is required also.Measured A-weighted slow response sound levels

C 54 5 0 d~ 6 4 5 2 5-6D 5 6 54 5.4. 5 6 59 62.

Calculated average A-weighted slow response sound levelsMicrophone ocation M1 M2

Case Condition*A 43 -sL3B

D 156 163*Case conditions Remarks

A Ambient condition-No arc-Equipment ONB Maximum recommended e quipment/process setting /90AC Minimum recommen ded equipmentlprocess setting / d o AD Average recomme nded equipmentlprocess setting /&o A

Tested by: /6-- 1977Run 6. Sound Level Measurements



37/45

y g

A W S A W N 7 7 m 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 9 0 2 m

Appendix B 13I

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREME NT OF MAN UAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESS ESManufacturer & h r f S N A M - W336N r r FPeQ 124 ;n./m;n [ 5 2 . 5 h m / S e c >hilodel tested 250 ffmv?d+or Generat6rEssential variables

Type of process FCAM Filler ma terialE30R L 3/32 IN c4r.60~ 5sBase m aterial 1 . h in. Sfd/n/es s s f e e l Shielding materialAt'$bh 30 ClW e / e c MePower supply : T yp e -a cx d c Po1arity:Xstraight-reversedJoint detailTraverse speed / 2 in./min Length 2- in. Dwell time 0Sound leve l test instrum entation identification (m anufacturer, model, etc.)Sound levei meter GenRad 1933 SN 856 Calibrationdate S e D f : ' 7 7 6Microphone Geh Ra /96/-601 SN ///o Calibration date 55~t1976Field calibrator GenRad 15.42 A SN 7 Calibrationdate . ' < ~ f / 9 7 &

t 10 in.(2.3

8 ft 8 n.-(2.64 m)

mi f- x l ; l d i n g table

9 f t 5 in.(2.87 m) Glass fiber

TI I

O 0 0Shielding gases

35 ft10.67 rn)-

Sound level meter,voltage and currentmeter

Outside wall

r Garage door

power supply

(Outside building)

Run 6. Layout of Test Site Note: Not to scale



38/45

y g

32/ARc WELDING AND CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METH ODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WE LDING AND CUTTING PRO CESSES

Model tested 260 u?P Mof o r G e n e r a t o r Manufacturer dobart. SN A/J-Z/330Type of processAir carbon arc c a++;noBase m aterial @/4 n . m// s f e c i Shielding ma terialNom 3 e l e c t r o d e usedImportant note: Completion of second part of form is required also.

Filler ma terial / Y o m : 3 / / L h . @@Der @/ad Cardon

Measured A iRun

1

2

3

Microphone ocation M1 M2Case Condition*

A 46 46B 96 96C / o 2 / o 0

B 96 96C / d e /o0

?ighted low response sound levels

I I I I


*Case conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-Equipment ONB Maximum recomm ended equipment/process setting / 6 p s i aI'P pressureC Minimum recommended equipment/process setting 24 p5I' ait- p r e s s u r b

M / ' C d / k t :~ -~D Average recommend ed equipmentlprocess setting / b PSI ' 4/'P,DreSSUre., 2 m



39/45

y g

AWS AWN 7 9 7 8 42 b 5 0 0 0 0 2 9 2 b W

Appendix BI33

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHO DFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MAN UAL ARC WELDING AND CUTT ING PROCESSESModel tested 250 am? # O h r - Genera fo rEssential variables Manufacturer f l o h r t s ~ / A k / -2 / 3 3 Type of processA i r carbm arc c a U i n s Filler materialdbC; 3 / / A in . comer dad carbahBase material ' n . m i l d sfeel Shieldinci material/V6nP - ' eJe&.deus&iPower supply : Ty p e- ac zd c Polar i ty : -s t ra igh tXrevekedJoint de tailTraverse speed /2. in./min Length 2-25 in. Dwelltime 0Sound level test ins trum enta tion dentifica tion (manufacturer, model, etc.)Sound leve l meter GeflaQd 1433 SN 856 Calibration date SqPf. 1976Microphone GenRad / q 6 / - 9 6 0 / SNL alibration date S P D J : / y 76Field calibrator G e f i R ~ d /3-6 2 ? SN 97 Calibration date J { D f . /976I

2.:

8 f t 8 i n .(2.64 rn)

9 f

rn)

table

15 f t 10 in.(4.83 rn)*M4in.

(2.87 rn)I Glass fiber

0 0Shield ing gases

35 f t(10.67 rn)--

Sound level meter,voltage and curr ent7o

Outside wall

Run7. Layout of Test Site

r Garage door

power supply

(Outside building)

Note: No t to scale



40/45

y g

A W S A W N 7 7 W 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 7 3 8 M

34/ARC WELDING A N D CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSES

Model tested 250 n p & o f o r - Genera..&o P Manufacturer h b b a r t SN 2/330Typeof process SMAW Filler m aterial S/3 2 in .6 0 1 0 - / P elech-odp. ,Basematerial 3.14 h. m i l d s fee / Shielding m aterial AhneImportant note: Completion of second p art of form is required also.Me

Microphone ocation M IRun Case Condition*

1

. 2

3

DA 4%BC . IDABCD

ured A-weighted slow response sound levels a

Calculated average A-weighted slow response sound levelsMicrophone ocation MI

Case Condition*A 46BC

M2

46i6 3

D I 6 5

I M3

466 76 466

*Case conditions RemarksA Ambient condition-No arc-Eauiament ONB Maximum recommended eq uipmentlprocess setting /qoAC Minimum recomme nded equipment/process setting / 30 8D Average recomm ended equipment/process setting /6 A

Tested by: Test date L2L u /6. 977Run 8. Sound Lev el Measurements



41/45

y g

A W S A W N 7 4 784265 0 0 0 0 2 9 4 T

Appendix BI35AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHO DFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CU TTING PROCE SSES

Model tested Z 5d arno f l o h G e n e r d a r Manufacturer . %bare SN /fi@- 2l.330Essential variablesType of process S h A WBase material 3/4 n . m i l d s f e e /Power supply: T y p e - a c X d c Polarity:-straight ,V reversedJoint detailFil ler ma ter i a l2 h O /O - / P e/e&ode S / 3 Z ; H .Shielding material /Yon&

Traverse spe ed /2. in./min Length 2-3 n. Dwell ime 0Sound level test instrumentation identification (manufacturer, model, etc.)Sound evel meter &-&ad 1933 SN e50 Calibration date S


42/45

AWS AWN 77 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0 0 0 0 2 9 5 L

36/ARc WELDING AN D CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOC IETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROC ESSES

Model tested 750 dmy Re 7 9 &er Manufacturer ~ ~ - / 6 6993Type of process f C AM Filler materialBase material -?.A2 n. miid s k e l Shielding mate rial E 89. d m l t h Important note: Completion of second p art Feed ~ a + e/ 2 4 /n;/m& (3-2.5 mm45ce 1of form is requ ired also.

Microphone locatiorRun Case Condition*

I A

C

A

I

A

I D

Measured A-v sighted slow response sound levelslI I I I -I


*Cas e conditions RemarksA Ambient cond ition-No arc-Equipment ON -6 Maximum recomm ended equipment/process setting K O 4 1 1- ; n ,C Minimum recommended equipment/process setting



43/45

. A W S AUN 7 9 U 078L i 2b5 0000296 3 U

Appendix BI37

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUA L ARC WELDING AND CUTTING PROCESSESManufacturer SN - / A L P 3indeodel tested 750 aMD i?teC/7f.erEssential variables Wire Feed / e4 ;n./m;n ( 5 2 . 5 m /seql

Type of process F U h/ Filler material .& 7 0 i --/ i 3132Basematerial 3/& i n mi ld she/ Shie ld ing ma te r ia lL d. 50 CFHPower supply: T yp e -a cL d c Polar i ty:-StraightXreversedJoint detailTraverse speed / 2 in./min Length 2 3 in. DwelltimeSound level test instrum entation identification (manufacturer, mode l, etc.)Sound level meter Rad 193 3 SN 850 Calibration date STDfi 1976Microphone @..Raa' 19151-96 O1 SN / / / O Calibration date5 ~ ~ f .976Field calibrator GGnRad L T L Z A SN 99 Calibration date 2 3 , d . 19 7 6

I M2)(M6 Welding table

I"

II\M5

- ft 8 in. f t 1 in.Glass fiberft 5 in.

tI I

O 0 0Shielding gases

35 t-

Sound level meter,voltage and currenmeter7ci

Outside wall


r Garage door

Peldingower supply(Outside building)

Note: Not t o scale



44/45

y g

A W S AWN 7 9 0 7 8 4 2 6 5 0000297 5

38/ARc WELDING A N D CUTTING NOISEAMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF MANUAL ARC W ELDING AND C UTTING PROCESSES

Model tested yS0 ATP ec7l.A.e Manufacturer LDde SN - 46/9 9 3Type of process CAW Filler material E 7 0 7 - 4 3 32 h .Base material 3/4 1 i?. m ; / s f e d Shielding material NdneImportant note: Completion of se cond part U l k Feed Rafe- 24 ;h/mth ( s r . 5 m m / s e c )of form is reauired also.

Microphone ocatioiRun

1

2

3

Case Condition*ABCDABc;

CD

MIM I

+57 67672.4476767244767072-

45-

84 86 Bz 2 8676 74 74 76 80

Calculated average A-weighted slow response sound levelsMicrophone ocation M I M2 M3 M4 M5 M6

Case Condition*

B 7 6 8-4 5- 8 2 92 8 7C 70 77 75- 74 7 7 B /D 7Z 81 78 81 78 84.

*Cas e conditions RemarksA Ambien t cond ition-No arc-EauiDment ONB Maximum recommended equipmentlprocess setting 5154 a- /4 / h .C Minimum recomm ended equipmentlprocess setting

\D Average recommended equ ipment/process setting 3? A JTested by: o . J Test date ,. /977

Run 10. Sound Level MeasurementsCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Welding Society, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services


45/45

Appendix BI39

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY METHODFOR SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTOF MANUAL ARC WELDING AND CU TTING PROCESSESModel tested Manufacturer L;LJd13 SN E - / 6 L / 9 9 3Essential variables Wire #eed / 2 4 / ' n . /m ~ ' n ( 5 2 - 5 m m / s e dType of process FCAWBasematerial 314 h . miliid s&e/Power supply: Type -ac2 Cd c Polar i ty: -StraightXreversedJoint detailTraverse speed / 2 in./min Length 2 3 in. Dwelltime OSound level test instrum entation iden tification (manufacturer, model, etc.)

750 @&,D &&$/.erFillermaterial ,E 7 0 T 4 3/32 h-Shielding material

Sound level meter Cefi/?ffd 33 SN 85-0 Calibration date s e p f iMicrophone GehRad i 9L / - 96 D / SN / / / O Calibration date W a f 1976Field calibrator GehRad 1.56 2 A SN 97 Calibration date Shy i f /Y76

IA I O 0 0Shieldinggases

- _-7 f t 10 n. -* 35 f tM2 t Garage door>:M6 Welding table

Wire feederfeeder

ei \

M1- Sound level meter,voltage and currentmeter

.- - _Weldingpower supply:

M5

8 ft 8 in. 15 t 10 n.M4

Glass fiberpanels (Outside building)9 ft 5 in.

Outside wall

T I I

Note: Not t o scaleRun 10. Layout of Test Site

. .\ .

i ldi i

arc welding and cutting noise

Documents

welding environmentbased

iarc welding

w s awn

w schmerlingj

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aws awn

aws method

patented item s