Deepak korrapati08110006

B.Arh III Yr

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

Louis Skidmore

April 8,1897 – September 27, 1962American architectLawrenceburg, IndianaFounder in 1936Bradley Polytechnic Institute, 1917

Nathaniel Alexander Owings

February 5, 1903 - June 13, 1984American architectIndianapolis, IndianaFounder in 1936Cornell University, 1927

John Ogden Merrill Sr.

1896—13 June 1975American architect & structural engineerLawrenceburg, IndianaJoined in 1939MIT, 1921

The Team

Gordon BunshaftNatalie de Blois Myron GoldsmithBruce GrahamGertrude KerbisWalter NetschPietro BelluschiAdrian SmithFerdinand

GottliebLarry OltmannsFazlur Rahman

Khan David Childs

Architects

Engineers• Fazlur Khan

• Bill Baker

Interior Designers• Davis Allen

OfficesChicago (head office)New yorkSan FranciscoLondonWashington DCHong kongShanghaiAbudhabiDubaiBrussels

Major ProjectsProject Location year

ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER

New York city, US Ongoing

BURJ KHALIFA Dubai, Saudi 2010

7 WORLD TRADE CENTER New York City, US 2006

JIN MAO BUILDING Shanghai, China 1998

GEORGIA-PACIFIC TOWER Atlanta, Georgia 1982

HAJ TERMINAL Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1980

WILLIS TOWER Chicago, US 1973

LEVER HOUSE New York city 1952

AwardsSOM has been recognized with more than

1400 awards for quality and innovation. More than 580 of these awards have been

received since 1998. In 1996 and 1962, SOM received the

Architecture Firm Award from the American Institute of Architects,

which recognizes the design work of an entire firm.

SOM is the only firm to have received this honor twice.

StudyLever House, Chicago, US

The Haj terminal, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

ProjectLocation : 390 Park Avenue, New York, 10022 USAConstruction : 1951-1952Project Area : 289,500 ft2

Number of Stories : 24 Building Type : corporate, commercial

office towerStructure : steel frame, glass

curtain wallChief Architect : Gordon Bunshaft

Awards YEAR AWARDS

1982 • Landmarks Preservation Commission • Landmark Designation

1980 • AIA • National 25 Year Award

1958 • American Association of Nurserymen • National Plant America Award

1954 • Fifth Avenue Association • Best Building Award

1952 • Administrative Management Magazine • Office of the Year Award

1952 • AIA • First Honor Award

1952 • Architectural League of New York • Gold Medal

1951 • University of Miami • Oscar Dooley Award

DesignGlass box International style skyscraper Design principles of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. It is the pioneer curtain wall skyscraper in New

York City.The building features an innovative courtyard

and public space. Most of the headquarters of the corporations on

and around Park Avenue adopted this style of building.

pushed SOM toward a new level of architectural recognition

Led to a series of similar developments by SOM for corporate offices.

Detailscomprises two counterposed rectangular

volumes, sheathed in a thin curtain wall of stainless steel and glass, floating on pilotis

The lower volume carrying a roof garden and enclosing a garden-atrium retreat.

Drawings

The ProjectNamed after King Abdulaziz Al Saud Building Type : Airport TerminalLocation : jeddah, Saudi ArabiaConstruction : 1974-1980Site Area : 120 acresProject Area : 2,800,000 ft2

Building Height : 150 ftNumber of Stories : 3 Structure : Tensile Fabric roofs

Project Awards YEAR AWARDS

2010 • AIA • National 25 Year Award

1983 • AIA • National Honor Award for Architecture

1983 • World Architecture • Aga Khan Award for Architecture

1982 • AIA - New York City Chapter • Distinguished Architecture Award

1982 • Industrial Fabrics Association • International President's Award of Merit

1981 • Progressive Architecture • P/A Award: Architectural Design

HajjThe airport stands for one feature in particular:

the Hajj Terminal Built to handle foreign pilgrims destined for

Makkah to take part in the rituals associated with the annual Hajj.

The terminal handles the movement of over 10 millon passengers and 75,000 aircrafts every year.

Facilities of the Royal Saudi Air Force and housing for the airport staff

Plans are being made for the expansion of the project to meet the future needs

The Roof structure

planningIt takes as many as 18 hours for the pilgrim to

conclude the necessary preparations for the Haj great care has been taken in the design of the

support area to make the pilgrim's time in the area as pleasant as possible

facilities are located for the pilgrim to rest, sleep and prepare food

Provision of shopping malls and well organised circulation of the huge passenger flow

Has a huge passenger flow for about 6 weeks during Haj

Passenger Flow

DetailsThe project is world famous for its fabric

roof structureThe engineer for the project was Fazlur

Rahman Khan, an Aga Kahn award winnerFor its Hajj Terminal design, SOM utilized

the highly identifiable form of the Bedouin tent to create the marvel

The world’s largest cable-stayed, fabric-roofed structure.

The Hajj Terminal serves as the culturally symbolic, and structurally innovative portal

Tent like Fabric Roof

ConstructionThe construction of the structure was

challenging in many aspects like the availability of skilled labour, materials etc.

The structure represents the culture of the locality by the use of Bedouin tents, which also suit the climate

A single module contains 21 semi-conical fabric roof units stretched and formed by 32 radial cables. The modules are supported by 45-meter-high steel pylons located on a square 45-meter grid.

DesignThis project exemplifies the power of a

clear idea.A very simple bay repeated quite

beautifully, Representing the style of SOM A highly sustainable project well before the

knowledge of green movementSOM created a series of tent-like structures

beneath which up to 80,000 pilgrims can rest at a time

The terminal consists of two identical roofed halves separated by a landscape.

Typical plan

Simple rectangular shaped units

InferencesUse of simple geometric shapes and symmetryForm consists of repetition of a small blocksImportance given to the utility in derivation of form.Massive structures requiring high quality structural

workElements are used such that they stand as a

landmark of the immediate localityDesigns criticized to be consuming more energy than

the conventional buildings of the same typeAll the modern buildings and cities designed by them

after the late 1990’s were environmental friendly and economical to some extent wherever possible

Thank You