are we alone? osinanna okonkwo vinay prasad ugochukwu anyaorah daniel reed
TRANSCRIPT
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ARE WE ALONE?
Osinanna OkonkwoVinay Prasad
Ugochukwu AnyaorahDaniel Reed
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PROBLEM STATEMENTS
Our Goal as experts in HVACsystems was to respond to a RFQ(Request For Quotation)issued by NASA, for thecreation of a housing heatingsystem in the North pole.The house in question is required tosupport 4 scientists for 4 months,delivering functionality and comfort
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CONSTRAINTS
• Inside temperature of 25° C• Outside temperature of -40°
C• Maintain oxygen at a rate of
32L/min.• Minimize flow rate variation
between all registers
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PROJECT MANAGEMENT - RACI
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THE HOUSE
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REQUEST FOR QUOTATION
To win the contract we had toachieve the following:
– Lowest blower cost – Lowest material cost– Least Labor– Operating Cost– Client Satisfaction
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LEAST BLOWER COST
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LEAST BLOWER COST
• Achieving this goal required minimizationof the system pressure drop. To do this we
usedFlowmaster software to create a HousingHeating System.
• A network was created but due toinsufficient technical support however theresults of this part of the project wereinconclusive.
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THE NETWORK
FLOWMASTER DUCT PLAN
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LEAST MATERIAL COST
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LEAST MATERIAL COST
Achieving this goal required theminimization of rubber coatedsheet metal used in making theduct system.
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OPTIMIZING MATERIAL USE
In order to reduce waste we had tooptimize the diameter of the cylindrical straightpipes used in the duct-work.
Optimization process:90in side of sheet four 22.25in Circumference pipes 7.08in
Diameter
This minimized cost as none of the coated sheetmaterial was wasted, while still allowing us a goodenough pipe diameter for a good flow rate.
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TOTAL MATERIAL COST
Cost per sheet - $250Diameter of pipe– 7.08inCircumference of pipe– 22.25in 4 per sheet
TOTAL MATERIAL COST - $7,750
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LEAST LABOR COST
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LEAST LABOR COST
To obtain this goal we had tominimize shearing of sheets
aswell as the use of 90 degreebends and branches due tothe high cost of producingthem.
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TOTAL LABOR COST
TOTAL LABOR COST - $2,800
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OPERATING COST
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OPERATING COST
This required the minimization of
Energy costs. The cost ofmaintenance items includes:
– monthly natural gas costs– oxygen costs– Electricity costs.
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Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement
• Based on an inside temperature of 25° C• Using peak heat requirement• We Assumed
– No heat transfer by radiation– No heat loss from basement to ground– Inside wall dimensions were used for heat transfer
surface area
460 “
296” Depth: 240”
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Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement
• Convection coefficients differed due to orientation and outside or inside location
– hin for vertical walls was 8.29 W/m2·°C * (still air)
– hin for roof was 9.26 W/m2·°C * (still air)
– hout for vertical walls and roof was 34
W/m2·°C * (air at 15 mph and any orientation of wall)* Cengel, Yunus A. Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach. pp 175, Table 3-7.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2003.
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Natural Gas Heating Cost
• Heat Requirement: Q = 41655.21 W
hrm
ft
ftefficiencyMJ
m
J
MJ
hr
s
s
JCost
4472.7$
02831685.0
1
1
045.0$
8.0
1
4010
1
1
360021.416653
3
3
3
6
60.21813$1221
2445.7$ days
day
hrs
hrCostHeatingTotal
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Oxygen Costs
OXYGEN SUPPLY: OPTION I To supply oxygen to the 4 scientists (eachscientist breathes air at 8L/min 32L/min),we decided to utilize PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
Name of Plant: Leucaena leucocephala(Pronounced: Loo-Say-Na)
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Leucaena leucocephala – Plant Facts
• One plant is estimated to produce about 0.22L of oxygen per minute.
32L/min required 0.22L/min per plant 145 plants
• Applying a factor of safety of 1.1 we agreed on 160 plants.
• Planted at 6in intervals, the plants will occupy approximately a 7ft. X 7ft. Area in the basement.
Total Cost = 10c a plant x 160 $16.00As opposed to
32L/min x 60min/hr x 24hr/day x 120 days = 5529600L5529600L / 3000L/tank = 1844 tanks
1844 tanks x $1050 per tank = $1,936,200
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LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION
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LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION
Again due to lack of technicalSupport the results of this part
ofthe project were inconclusive.This is due to an
incompatibilitybetween software and project.
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FINAL COST SHEET
• Blower cost - INCONCLUSIVE• Material Cost - $7,750• Labor Cost - $2,800• Heating Cost - $21,813.60• Oxygen Replenishment - $16.00• TOTAL COST - $32,380
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CONCLUSION
• Designed a heating network using Flowmaster
• Successfully determined heating cost
• Successfully determined oxygen replenishment cost
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QUESTIONS