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Myth, Miracle, and Reality of Urban River Restoration Experience on Taehwa River Development in Ulsan, KOREA

Area: 1,056.2 Area: 1,056.2 ㎢㎢

Population: 1,012,000 inhabitants Population: 1,012,000 inhabitants

Climate :Climate :-- Annual mean temperature : 13.5 Annual mean temperature : 13.5 ℃℃

highs : 38.6 highs : 38.6 ℃℃, , lows : lows : --16.7 16.7 ℃℃

R i f ll 1 272R i f ll 1 272 ㎜㎜//

태화강 소개

-- Rainfall : 1,272 Rainfall : 1,272 ㎜㎜/year /year

Administration: Metropolitan CityAdministration: Metropolitan City

Major Industry: Major Industry: Automobile, ShipAutomobile, Ship-- building, building, Petrochemical, Nonferrous Petrochemical, Nonferrous industriesindustries

Seoul

Ulsan

2 National Industrial Parks

• Ulsan-Mipo (46,135 K㎡): 558 companies of automobile, shipbuilding, petrochemicals in operation

• Onsan (17,071 K㎡): 212Nonferrous metal, petrochemicals companies

3 Regional Industrial Parks

4 Local Industrial Parks

태화교태화교

울산공고울산공고

달동달동 시청시청

삼호교삼호교

남안산남안산

무거동무거동

용잠마을용잠마을

용연마을용연마을

Changing landscapes of Taehwa River since the 1960s

우정동우정동

은을봉은을봉

태화교태화교

시청시청 남안산남안산 문수산문수산

삼호교삼호교

SK SK 공장공장

영남화력영남화력

우정동우정동

TaehwaTaehwa River: Urban Growth CorridorRiver: Urban Growth CorridorLength: 47.54kmBasin: 635.0 sq. Km

TaehwaTaehwa River: Dominant WestRiver: Dominant West--East Development AxisEast Development Axis

2

Environmental Consequence of Post-war Industrialization

경제성장환경문제

Driving force

DPER Model: DPER Model: Urban Urban Environmental Environmental Evolution Evolution

Pressure & Effect

ResponseResponse

1960s1970s

Heavy & Chemical

Driving force

1970s – 1980sAutomobile

Industry

2000s National & Local Industrial

Parks

1960s National Industrial Park

Heavy & Chemical Industrialization

85,000 1,099,995 274 407,477

Population Cars

Driving force

1962 2007 1962 2007

$26million $63.9billion

1962 2007

Exports

Unintended Environmental Consequence

Pressure & Effect

BOD 11.7ppm/’1991[limit : 3ppm/yr]

51 Public Appeals for

smell

SO2 0.057ppm/’1981[limit : 0.02ppm/yr]

Taehwa River prior to the early 2000s

“Death river, Nothing survied”

Pressure & Effect

3

ECOPOLIS ULSAN:Establishment of Taehwa River Master Plan

ResponseResponse

Taehwa River Master Plan (2005-2014)

50 projects/ 976.7 billion

Culture

ResponseResponse

Clean River

Eco River Waterfront

Culture&

History

2001

2007

62%

92.2%

HE

Sewage service

Municipal Sewage Facilities

ResponseResponse

Hogye

Bangeujin

YongyeonOnsan

Hoeya

Eunyang

4,600㎥/day 1997

150,000㎥/day 1997

32,000㎥/day 1989

60,000㎥/day 2004

250,000㎥/day 1995

100,000㎥/day 2005

Waterfront and watershed Ecosystem

ResponseResponse

Ecological Park Public Involvement

8

10

12

BOD(㎎/ℓ)

11.3

9.8

Improved Water Quality

ResponseResponse

0

2

4

6

8

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Year

3.9

5.5

3.2

2.0

ResponseResponse

Restoration of Natural Habitats for Animals & Birds

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Sanctuary of human being activities

ResponseResponse

Leading benchmarking case of urban river restoration

Clean River

13 projects ( 503 3 billion)

15 Projects completed 424.0 billion

19 projects in progress

439. 4 billion

16 projects planned113.3 billion

50 projects/ 976.7 billion

ResponseResponse

Eco River

21 projects (332.2billion)

Waterfront

12 projects (81.4 billion)

Culture&Histroy

4 projects ( 59.8 billion)

13 projects ( 503.3 billion)

Political Commitment and leadership

Effective Governance

Successful Tips from ResponsesSuccessful Tips from Responses

Public Awareness

Precautionary Approach

Hope to see you in Ulsan, KOREA!