ARKANSAS RESOURCES FOR CRUSHED-STONE CONSTRUCTIONAGGREGATE

byStephen W. Kline, Ph.D.

Arkansas Center for Energy, Natural Resources, and Environmental StudiesArkansas Tech University

Russellville, AR 72801-2222

This online document has been reproduced with some format and organizational changesfrom:

Arkansas Geological Commission Miscellaneous Publication 18-DContributions to the Geology of Arkansas Volume IV, 1999

Edited by J. Michael Howard

ABSTRACT

This report is to convey the results of a project to evaluate the various bedrock units of Arkansas as totheir suitability for producing crushed stone construction aggregate. To accomplish this goal, records ofengineering tests run on stone from throughout the State were obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineersand the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department. From these records, and from other sources,information has been obtained regarding 423 quarries, test pits, and other sites that have been either utilized forcrushed stone aggregate or tested for the same. Of these, there are 274 sites from which 1775 samples have beentaken and tested for one or both of two major parameters used in identifying stone quality: the LA abrasion testand the sodium sulfate soundness test. There are also data on absorption and specific gravity for a number ofsites, as well as some information on alkali-silica reactivity. Based on site locations, the geologic bedrock mapunit for each site was determined. The test data were then compiled according to rock unit, in order to comparehow products from these units have performed in the past. Based on these comparisons, the various bedrockunits of Arkansas are evaluated in this report as to their relative quality for use as crushed stone aggregate, andparticular advantages and problems peculiar to the different units are presented.

In the northern Arkansas Ozarks region, limestones have consistently outperformed dolostones, becauseof a tendency for about one third of the dolostone samples to have unacceptable soundness results. This is truefor all three of the dolostone-rich units for which test results are available: the Cotter and Powell Dolomites andthe Everton Formation (Ordovician). The Pitkin Limestone (Mississippian) has been an important sedimentaryunit for siting of aggregate quarries. There are many successful quarries in the Boone Formation (Mississippian)also, but some problems have occurred because of porous chert in the Boone in places. In general, the Plattin andKimmswick Limestones (Ordovician) have obtained good results, but there are some tendencies for soundnessproblems with the Plattin similar to, but not as severe as, the dolostones. The Fernvale Limestone (Ordovician)tends to degrade excessively under the LA abrasion test.

For the most part, sandstones in the main part of the Ozark region are either too friable or they arestratigraphically too thin for production of durable aggregate. However, in the southern Ozarks and in theArkansas River Valley, some sandstones in the Bloyd, Atoka, Hartshorne, and Savanna Formations(Pennsylvanian) have silica cement and produce durable, high-quality aggregate. Of these, some sandstones inthe Bloyd have marginal results in the LA abrasion test.

In the Ouachitas region, durable sandstones in the Jackfork Sandstone (Pennsylvanian) have beenextensively utilized, though in some facies of the Jackfork there are slight tendencies to a more friable stone. TheArkansas Novaculite (Devonian/Mississippian) has consistently produced durable aggregate, though higheroperating expenses are common because of wear on equipment. The Bigfork Chert (Ordovician) has verydurable stone, but soft tripolitic chert and shale interlayers are commonly too abundant for producing first classaggregates; on the other hand it is easily extracted and very suitable for dressing unpaved secondary roads. In theStanley Shale (Mississippian) a thick and somewhat extensive tuff bed, the Hatton Tuff Lentil, makes a highquality source for aggregate in the southwest part of the Ouachita Mountain region. Also in the basal Stanley, theHot Springs Sandstone Member has produced high quality stone in the Hot Springs area. Plutons of nepheline-bearing syenite (Cretaceous) in the Little Rock area have long produced outstanding aggregate, and muchreserves remain. Very little of the alkaline igneous rock of the famous Magnet Cove intrusive complex has beenutilized for aggregate, but of late, hornfels (baked rocks of the Stanley Shale) from the contact metamorphicaureole has been used with acceptable results.

Arkansas is geographically well situated for export markets to the south, where resources for crushedstone aggregates are nonexistent, and reserves in the State are abundant for long-term supply for both local andout-of-state needs.

INTRODUCTION

The crushed stone industry isimportant in the economy of Arkansas. Inspite of a comparatively low population,Arkansas ranked 19th in the nation inproduction of crushed stone in 1996 (U.S.Geological Survey, 1997a). In the sameyear, crushed stone accounted for nearly40% of Arkansas’ non-fuel mineralproduction value, with a total raw materialproduction value of about $176 million(U.S. Geological Survey, 1997b). Demandfor this commodity has increased in recentyears. Between the years of 1971 and 1990the total annual output fluctuated between12 and 19 million metric tons (Tepordei,1997), but in both 1995 and 1996 the annualtotal exceeded 25 million metric tons (U.S.Geological Survey, 1997b).

The demand for constructionmaterials in the future should continue toincrease. Numerous federal reports on thecondition of the nation’s infrastructureindicate long term need for infrastructurerenewal (Sidder and Sims, 1993). Populationincrease also will provide a steady marketpressure for construction materials.Population forecasts (Swanson andMcGehee, 1993) predict continued growthin the area surrounding Little Rock, and thenorthwest region of Arkansas may haveincreases as much as 40% over the 1990census by the year 2010.

Increasing demand for crushed stoneas a construction material will not onlycome from economic factors, but also as aresult of constraints from technologicaladvances. The Strategic Highway ResearchProgram (SHRP) was initiated to findways to improve highway construction inthe United States. A number of the

recommendations that resulted from thosestudies make crushed stone the aggregate ofchoice over natural river gravels for manyapplications because of the angularity ofcrushed rock (Cominsky et al., 1994).Arkansas and other states are graduallyimplementing these recommendations asrequired by the federal government.However, southern and eastern Arkansasand the neighboring states to the south donot have outcroppings of rock suitable forproducing crushed aggregate. Therefore, thestone producers of the hard-rock-bearingregion of Arkansas (the Ozarks, ArkansasRiver Valley, and Ouachitas) have beenincreasingly involved in exporting crushedstone.

The geology of resources for crushedstone aggregate in Arkansas was previouslydescribed by various workers andsummarized by Stroud and others (1969).The present report can be considered as anupdate on that report, although the scopes ofthe two reports are not equivalent. Thepurpose of the present study is to discusscharacteristics of the various bedrock typesthroughout Arkansas as they relate tosuitability for producing crushed stoneaggregate. The distribution of bedrock typeshas been mapped throughout the State byvarious workers with differing degrees ofdetail and compiled on geologic mapsavailable through such agencies as theArkansas Geological Commission (AGC)and the United States Geological Survey(USGS). The data presented in this reportwill be used to evaluate the relative qualityof stone produced from the various bedrockunits shown on these maps, and to identifyproblems and/or special benefits peculiar tospecific bedrock units. By using theavailable geologic maps and the informationabout bedrock units presented in this report,

producers seeking to establish new quarriesfor crushed stone can better target areas forexploration.

Aggregates are used in a variety ofconstruction applications, and eachapplication has its particular requirements asto the aggregate’s properties. The focus ofthis report is on aggregates that generally areused in applications that require durablestone, that is, stone that is resistant tomechanical breakdown through such thingsas freeze and thaw action and stone-to-stonegrinding caused by loads on the aggregate.Stone of this nature, such as is used foraggregate in large concrete structures andhighways for heavy traffic, generallycommands higher prices and is moredifficult to obtain. On the other hand, thereare numerous pits and quarries that havebeen opened to obtain materials for less-rigorous applications, such as layinghighway subbase, dressing unpavedsecondary roads, and paving driveways.Although such enterprises are important,materials acceptable for these applicationsare not subject to stringent requirements andare generally easier to locate and of lowervalue. Only a few comments are made in thereport on materials for these applications.

METHODS OF STUDY

Stone Quality Data

For construction applications, stoneused in aggregates must be sufficientlydurable to meet the rigors placed on theaggregate by its intended use. A number oftechniques have been devised by researchengineers to test stone for its suitability inconstruction applications (Marek, 1991). Forpurposes of comparison, these physical tests

have been standardized as to procedure, andthese standard procedures are authorized andpublished by organizations such as theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM) and the American Association ofState Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO). It is performance on thesestandard tests that determines a particularstone’s durability, not just how “hard” itseems to be when striking it with a hammer.

An approach one could take forcomparing the suitability of various bedrocktypes in Arkansas for construction aggregatewould be to take a suite of samples fromoutcrops representative of the variousgeologic map units in the State and then torun a battery of definitive tests on eachsample. Use of such an approach, however,would be an expensive proposition. Themethod for comparison chosen for this studywas instead to use records from past tests.The Arkansas State Highway andTransportation Department (AHTD) and theU.S. Army Corps of Engineers have bothused much Arkansas crushed stone invarious construction projects in the State,and both have testing regimens required foracceptance of stone before it is used. Sincethe many projects of both organizations arein the realm of public works, the records ofengineering tests on the stone submitted forthose projects are also public-domaininformation.

Test data sheets from Corps ofEngineers projects dating back to the 1940'shave been compiled by the WaterwaysExperiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi,in a document entitled, “Test Data: ConcreteAggregates and Riprap Stone in ContinentalUnited States and Alaska”. The compilationupdated as of July 1990 for the areaincluding Arkansas was obtained for this

study. The AHTD Division of Materials andResearch has records of tests performed bytheir Materials Testing Lab dating back to1970. These records were acquired invarious forms including photocopies oforiginal hand-written data logs, typed datasheets, and some in-house compilations.

The Corps of Engineers data sheetspresent data from a wide range of analyses,as well as data regarding the location fromwhich samples were obtained. The types ofanalyses reported vary considerably amongthe data sheets, varying from a narrow to awide range of tests having been performedon any one sample. The more common testsperformed include bulk specific gravity,absorption, Los Angeles abrasion,magnesium sulfate soundness, sodiumsulfate soundness, Deval abrasion, reactivitywith NaOH, percent flat and elongateparticles, mortar-bar expansion, linearthermal expansion, freeze and thaw, andpetrographic analysis.

The data that was obtained from theAHTD came from tests run on stonesubmitted yearly by companies that intend tobid on AHTD jobs. Occasionally drill coreor stone from a test blast site might besubmitted, but usually samples are fromquarries, either from the quarry ledge,unprocessed “shot rock”, or from astockpile. A number of tests are performed,the specific ones depending on the intendeduse of the stone. Of all the tests performed,records of results from the Los Angelesabrasion test and the sodium sulfatesoundness test are the most consistentlyavailable data in their archives (dating backto 1970). Data records from 1987 forwardgenerally include specific gravity andabsorption as well.

The engineering tests used in thepresent study to evaluate the variousbedrock types of Arkansas are the ones mostconsistently reported in both the AHTDrecords and the Corps of Engineers datasheets. Because the AHTD test battery isgenerally more restricted than that of theCorps of Engineers, the analysis is doneprimarily with those tests listed in thepreceding paragraph. These are also themost consistently run tests by the Corps ofEngineers. Reference is also made topetrographic analyses reported on the Corpsof Engineers data sheets. A brief descriptionof the significance of each of these testsfollows.

The Los Angeles abrasion test (AASHTO T-96; ASTM C 131) is designedto measure an aggregate’s resistance todegradation by abrasion and impact. The testis intended to indicate whether an aggregatewill hold up under action of mixer blades,compacting equipment, and heavy wheelloads (Marek, 1991). The test involvesplacing a sample of crushed stone with aprescribed grading in a drum with steel ballsand rotating the drum for a prescribed timeperiod. The more durable a stone, the less itwill be degraded during this process.Analyzing the amount of material passing aprescribed sieve at the end of the trial showsa percent loss as a result of degradation. Alow percent loss indicates a superior stone.

The sodium sulfate (or magnesiumsulfate) soundness test (AASHTO T-104;ASTM C 88) is a test that simulates freeze-thaw action in weathering. A graded sampleis placed in a container of sodium sulfate (ormagnesium sulfate) solution and allowed tosoak for a prescribed period of time. If thesample has any degree of permeability, thesolution will work its way into the pores.

The sample is then removed and dried undera low heat, causing the sodium sulfate (ormagnesium sulfate) to crystallize. Thisconstitutes one cycle of the test. Thecomplete test consists of five such cycles ofsoaking and drying. The process of repeatedcrystallization and then rehydrationproduces repeated expansive forces in thepore spaces of the rock, simulating the forceof ice crystallizing from water underfreezing conditions. Thus material thatwould be susceptible to freeze-thawdegradation is broken up during the test. Ananalysis of the size grading at the end of thetest indicates a percent loss due to theprocess. Again, a low percent loss indicatesa favorable material for construction.

There is a problem with includingthe Corps of Engineers test data forsoundness in with the AHTD data, becausemost of the Corps tests were withmagnesium sulfate, while all of the AHTDtests were done with sodium sulfate. On theaverage, if the same stone is tested with bothof the solutions, the test using magnesiumsulfate will be more severe by a factor of1.5, so the recommended acceptance “loss”is 12% or less for the sodium sulfatesoundness test and 18% or less for themagnesium sulfate soundness test (ASTM C88). Based on this, the data for themagnesium sulfate soundness test from theCorps of Engineers was converted by afactor of 1.5 to a sodium sulfate soundnessequivalence and included in the data sets.

In all the data, there are 28 quarriesfor which there are records of tests done byboth the Corps of Engineers and the AHTD.After the conversion for soundness valuesdiscussed above was made and the data werecompiled, these 28 quarries were singledout, and comparison was made between

values recorded by the two agencies for boththe soundness test and the LA abrasion test.There are no single quarries for which bothagencies reported many tests so that astatistical comparison might be made; inmost cases where there are records ofmultiple tests from one quarry, there aremany more AHTD tests than Corps ofEngineers tests. However, in most of thecases, the Corps of Engineers values forboth the soundness test and the LA abrasiontest are within the range of values reportedby the AHTD. In cases where the Corps ofEngineers values are outside the AHTDrange, some are higher and some lower thanthe range. There is no recognizable patternof values reported by one agency beingconsistently higher or lower than the other.Because both agencies designed their testingprocedures according to ASTM standards, itis considered that the data from bothagencies can be compiled together,including the soundness values after themodification discussed above.

Specific gravity and absorption(AASHTO T-84 & T-85; ASTM C 128 & C127) are tests that relate primarily to stonedestined for use as riprap and asphaltpavement, respectively. Specific gravity is anumber related directly to density, which inturn indicates the weight per volume ratio. Amaterial with a low specific gravity (ordensity) is lightweight material that couldmore easily be moved around by waveaction or currents and thus is unsuitable foruse as riprap. Absorption, measured asincrease in weight from water absorbed aftersubmersion of a sample, is related to thepermeability of the sample. A sample with ahigh absorption value will absorb greateramounts of the bituminous binder into theaggregate in an asphalt pavementapplication and thus increase costs.

Petrographic analysis (ASTM C 295)is performed chiefly in order to ascertain ifthere are potentially reactive mineralscontained in the stone that will be used asaggregate in portland cement concrete(PCC). Several types of reactions arepossible between certain natural mineralsand the ingredients of portland cement, themost common being alkali-silica reaction(ASR). Petrographic analysis involvesinspection of thin sections of the prospectivestone using a petrographic microscope, aspecial instrument equipped with lightpolarizers and generally operated by atrained mineralogist, to search for thepresence and abundance of potentiallyreactive ingredients.

Sample Site Locations

In their descriptions of the locationsfrom which samples were obtained,individual data sheets from the Corps ofEngineers have differing degrees of bothprecision and accuracy. Site descriptionswere compared with USGS 7.5 minutetopographic quadrangles. When sitedescriptions matched or very nearly matchedquarry symbols on the quadrangles, thosesites were considered as accurately located,and the location of the quarry symbol wasused to determine the latitude and longitudeof the site. In some instances the symbol onthe quadrangle map shows a gravel pitwhere a data sheet specifies a quarry. Fieldchecking indicated that many “gravel pits”shown on the topographic quadrangles areactually hard-rock quarries.

In instances where a data sheet’slocation description does not have acorresponding symbol on a topographicquadrangle, a field search was implementedto find the site. In some cases, county road

maps published by AHTD were helpfulbecause they show approximate locations ofmany of the quarries and gravel pits (againwith some of the sites shown as gravel pitsactually being hard-rock quarries). When asite was found in the field, its location wasdetermined using a Magellan ProMARK VGPS Receiver coupled with inspection oflocal topography. In all, there are a total of72 different Corps of Engineers localities forwhich the site-location information isadequate, including quarries, test pits,diamond drill holes, and rock outcrops. Thedata sheets contain records of testsperformed on 106 samples from these sites.However, there are other data sheetsobtained from the Corps of Engineers thatwere unusable because locations could notbe determined with certainty.

Regarding AHTD materials test data,the locations given with the data are verygeneral at best; in some cases locations aretotally absent. Most often, a town orcommunity near the sample site is givenalong with a quarry name. The most usefuldocument that was used for determininglocations of the sample sites is a report(AHTD, 1984) entitled MaterialsAvailability Study (MAS). This studycompiled the locations of all aggregatesources known by AHTD personnel in 1984.In the MAS, on a county by county basis,quarries are listed, giving a quarry name, asite location, the land owner, and thequarry’s status (active or inactive). Thequarry name given in the MAS is usually adesignation based on the property owner’sname, such as “Smith Quarry”, but in somecases the quarry is designated by the quarrysuperintendent’s name, or the name of thecompany that operated the quarry.Regarding location, usually both a verbaldescription and U.S. General Land Office

Grid System coordinates are given. Bycomparing the test data records with theMAS document, information leading to sitelocations for many quarries and test pits wasacquired.

Regarding quarry names andlocations, much internal confusion exists inthe AHTD stone test records, and there isalso confusion in correspondence betweentest records and the MAS. The main factorsfor this confusion are (1) for some sites,property ownership and/or the companyextracting stone have changed through theyears, thus changing the “quarry name” inentries for the same site in different years,and (2) personnel entering data oftenchanged through the years, and differentpersons called the same quarry by differentnames and/or associated the quarry site witha different nearby community. Althoughmuch of this confusion was resolved by sitevisits and discussion with variousindividuals, many data entries had to bediscarded because their relation to knownsites could not be determined.

For locations of quarries openedmore recently than 1984, much informationwas gained from discussions with AHTDpersonnel, primarily W.J. Pay of theDivision of Materials and Research. WilliamRitchie of the Federal Mine Safety andHealth Administration (MSHA) alsorendered assistance.

As with the Corps of Engineers data,if a location that was obtained, either fromthe MAS or through personalcommunication, matched or nearly matcheda site designated as a quarry or gravel pit ona USGS quadrangle, it was accepted as avalid location. For all others, site visits(combined with discussions with involved

people) were used to determine location, asoutlined above. The reader should becautioned here that through this exercise itwas found that the majority of locationsgiven in the MAS are inaccurate. Mostlocations are off by a quarter mile to twomiles, some by more. A number of sitessimply were not found.

Locations were obtained for 230 ofthe AHTD sites, from which 1,669 samplesof stone had been taken and tested by theAHTD. Of these, 28 are sites that were alsotested by the Corps of Engineers. A total of274 sites are represented in the data setformed by combination of the two sources.There were, however, 178 data entries in theAHTD records, from about 120 other sitesthat could not be located.

Bedrock Sources of Tested Samples

To determine the bedrock source foreach sample that was tested, either by theCorps of Engineers or the AHTD, thelocation of each sample site was plotted onthe appropriate USGS 7.5 minutequadrangle and then also on thecorresponding Arkansas GeologicalCommission geologic worksheet. Thegeologic worksheets are 7.5 minutequadrangles on which lines have been drawnthat divide up each quadrangle into areasunderlain by the various bedrock mappingunits. Thus, based on the sample location,the bedrock unit was determined. In caseswhere the location was very close to aborderline between two map units, fieldchecking was done to verify the assignmentof the sample test to a rock unit. Only onrare occasion was a quarry that plotted inone unit on a geologic worksheet found tobe actually in the adjacent unit.

The mapping units used on thegeologic worksheets are, for the most part,those that are also designated on theGeologic Map of Arkansas (Haley et al.,1993). Most of the mapping units have adominant rock type, but also may have someother interlayered rock types. For example,the Atoka Formation is a map unit that iswidespread. The most abundant rock type inthis formation is shale, but there are manysandstone intervals in it, some of which arethick enough to support quarry operations.Figure 1 gives a brief description of each ofthe map units and includes which rock typein each unit is used for crushed stoneaggregate. More detailed stratigraphicdescriptions are given in various publishedgeologic reports. Croneis (1930) provides auseful detailed summary of the Paleozoicstratigraphy. However, since then a numberof revisions have been made regardingformation boundaries, especially in the areaof the Arkansas River Valley. Clarificationof some stratigraphic problems can beobtained from Hendricks and Read (1934),Hendricks and Parks (1950), Haley (1961),Stone (1968), and several papers in Stoneand others (1977).

Appendix I lists the quarries (andtest-hole sites, etc.) that were located in thisstudy, a total of 423 in all. This list does notinclude all quarries in the State; it representsthose in the sources listed above, plus somequarries found in the field while searchingfor other quarries, plus some referenced byother professionals. Some sites listed inAppendix I (149 in all) are quarries forwhich there are no test data. Each site hasbeen given a number, the beginning ofwhich includes two letters designating thecounty in which it is located. For each site,the USGS topographic quadrangle on whichit is located is given, as well as the bedrock

map unit it is in, and its location in terms ofboth latitude and longitude and GeneralLand Office Grid System coordinates.Appendix II gives some of the names bywhich the various quarries have beenknown.

Methods of Analysis

To evaluate the relative durability ofstone from the various bedrock units, LAabrasion and sodium sulfate soundness datawere grouped according to the bedrock unitsof the sample sites and comparedstatistically. The statistical analysisemployed here is not a rigorous one. Thedata were simply compiled in the form ofhistograms and compared by visualinspection. Some irregularities with the dataset make the value of a rigorous statisticalanalysis questionable. One potentialproblem is that most of the samples thatwere tested came from quarries operated bydifferent individuals, no doubt with variablecompetency. Also some quarries had manysamples submitted over a number of years,while others were short-term operations withonly one sample having been taken duringits lifetime. In spite of these problems, someconsistent trends do appear in thehistograms, and it is thought thatfundamental meaning can be derived fromthem. Regarding the problem of differentquarry operators, this may not be a seriousdrawback because most of the formationsbeing compared had a large number ofquarries represented, and it is likely that asimilar range in competency could be foundamong operators working in each of theformations. Concerning the uneven numberof samples being drawn from each site, therewas an attempt to look at the overall datafrom a particular formation both with andwithout the data from the large contributors.

In most cases, data from single largecontributors in a particular formation tend tomimic the data from the rest of the set.Where there seems to be some difference,comments are made about it in thediscussion.

Absorption and specific gravity dataare also treated with a simple statisticalapproach. The petrographic analyses doneby the Corps of Engineers were also studiedto see if any deleterious substances werenoted in samples from particular formations.In addition to these analyses of the raw data,some matters related to the suitability ofstone from the various formations areaddressed based on discussions with AHTDpersonnel in the Division of Materials andResearch, quarry operators, and otherprofessionals, and from personalobservations. Following a brief discussion ofthe geology of Arkansas as it relates toaggregate resources, the comparison of thevarious bedrock units, shown by analysis ofthe data obtained for this study, will bepresented.

GENERAL GEOLOGY OF ARKANSAS

The distribution of bedrock typesand the variation in structural style of therocks have influenced development oftopography in the State. As a result, a mapof the physiography of Arkansas (Fig. 2) isuseful in describing the occurrence ofbedrock in Arkansas. The areas shown onFigure 2 as the West Gulf Coastal Plain andMississippi Alluvial Plain are composedmostly of unconsolidated sediments rangingin age from Cretaceous through Quaternary.There is no bedrock suitable for crushedstone aggregate in these areas, though coarsegravels have been crushed to supply angular

aggregate. Gravels coarse enough to crushand still make size requirements for mostconstruction applications are becomingscarce, though some gravel productioncontinues (W.J. Pay, personalcommunication, 1995). Recent SHRPguidelines for highway constructionrecommend that a high percentage of thecoarse aggregate’s particles should have atleast two fractured surfaces (Cominsky etal., 1994). To meet this specification,crushed river gravels would require tworounds of crushing. This requirement raiseseven further the necessary initial size of thegravel. For these reasons, the West GulfCoastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plainare not considered significant long-termsources for crushed stone aggregate.

The remaining central, western, andnorthern parts of the State (the InteriorHighlands, comprised of the Ozark Plateaus,the Arkansas River Valley, and the OuachitaMountains) contain bedrock suitable forproducing crushed stone. The OzarkPlateaus region typically consists of nearlyhorizontal, bedded sedimentary rocks ofPaleozoic age (the rock sequence there spansmuch of the 570-245 Ma range of thePaleozoic Era). The stratigraphy of theOzarks is presented in Figure 1A. Thisstratigraphy includes many disconformities,especially below the Boone Formation, somany rock units are not continuous acrossthe entire Ozark region. Also, manyformations have facies changes from east towest, so the lithologic character of a singleunit can vary across the region. The rocktypes in the northern two-thirds of theOzarks are dominantly limestone anddolostone, with some shale and carbonate-cemented sandstone. The southern third isdominated by shale with some sandstonethat is cemented by silica and/or iron oxide.

Figure 1A. Stratigraphy of the Ozarks Region.Atoka FormationAge: Pennsylvanian

Interbedded shales, siltstones, and sandstones commonly in deltaically depositedcoarsening-upward sequences. Much of the formation is dominated by shale. Inmost places where sandstones occur, they are interlayered with shales andsiltstones, but some thick sandstone sections occur, commonly at the top of deltaicsequences, that support major quarries. The Atoka may be as much as 25,000 ftthick in the southern Arkansas River Valley, but thins to less than 3,500 ft in theOzarks.

Bloyd ShaleAge: Early Pennsylvanian

In the western portion of the region, the Bloyd consists of marine shale with someinterbedded limestone. Towards the east, the limestone units thin and disappearand there are more abundant fluvial/deltaic sandstones. Noteworthy is a thick bluff-forming sandstone called the Middle Bloyd Sandstone. Other sandstone layers thickenough to support quarries occur in the east. The Bloyd ranges from 175 to 350 ft inthickness. A number of quarries occur in sandstones of the Bloyd Shale.

Hale FormationAge: Early Pennsylvanian

The Hale Formation consists of two members. The lower member, the Cane Hill, iscomposed of silty shale with interbedded siltstone and thin-bedded, fine-grainedsandstone. Some isolated thickly-bedded sandstones occur. Sections withsandstone thick enough and free enough of shale to support quarry operations arenot common. The upper member, the Prairie Grove, consists of limey sandstone, orsandy limestone with lenses of relatively pure fossiliferous limestone. The thicknessof the Hale Formation ranges from very thin to over 300 ft. The upper member isincluded with the Bloyd Shale on the State geologic map (Haley et al, 1993).

Pitkin LimestoneAge: Late Mississippian

In most places the Pitkin is a coarse-grained oolitic fossiliferous limestone. In someplaces, especially in the east, some black shale is interbedded with the limestone.Also, shale is more common towards southern exposures. The average thicknessranges from around 50 ft in the west to about 200 ft in the east, but it can be over400 ft in places. The Pitkin supports many quarries.

Fayetteville ShaleAge: Late Mississippian

Predominately black fissile shale. In north-central Arkansas some thin limestonesare interbedded with shales. In western Arkansas the Wedington Sandstonemember ranges from 0 to 55 ft in thickness. It is noted as being calcareous inplaces. Other than possibly the Wedington Sandstone, the Fayetteville Shale isunsuitable for aggregate quarries. The Wedington Sandstone reaches a maximumthickness of around 150 ft in the Wedington Mountains northwest of Prairie Grove.Thickness the entire Fayetteville Shale ranges from 10 to 400 ft.

Batesville SandstoneAge: Late Mississippian

Fine- to coarse-grained sandstone with thin shale interbeds. The sandstone is notedas being calcareous in places. In the west, much of the lower part or, in places, allthe formation is replaced with the Hindsville Limestone Member. The BatesvilleSandstone is noted by Croneis (1930) as being generally softer and thinner-beddedin its lower part, and harder and more massive upwards. The Batesville Sandstonethickness varies from very thin to over 200 ft. The Hindsville Limestone Member canreach up to 50 ft in thickness, but averages no more than about 10 ft. Recentlyactive quarries are rare in the Batesville Sandstone, and there are no data on stonefrom those operated in the past, such as those mentioned by Croneis (1930).

Ruddell ShaleAge: Late Mississippian

This unit is dominantly gray fissile clay shale with some limestone concretions. Thisunit is considered by many to be the upper member of the Moorefield Formation.This unit does not contain rock suitable for aggregate.

Moorefield FormationAge: Late Mississippian

Black calcareous shale and siliceous limestone. Many geologists consider theRuddle shale to be an upper member, but units are mapped separately on the Stategeologic map (Haley et al, 1993). The total thickness of Moorefield and Ruddle unitsis from very thin to about 300 ft. No quarries have been located in the Moorefield.

Boone FormationAge: Early & MiddleMississippian

Gray fossiliferous limestone with interbedded and nodular chert. Abundance of chertis highly variable, some areas may be almost 100 percent chert. Other areas may be100 percent limestone. Chert beds are normally very discontinuous. Chert is morecommonly dark in color and hard in the lower part of the formation, and white in theupper part of the formation. In places the chert is highly porous and soft. The lower 0to 100 ft thick part of the Boone Formation is called the St. Joe Limestone Member,which is generally chert-free. This limestone is commonly shades of reds andbrowns and can also be gray. The Boone Formation is generally 300 to 350 ft thick.The Boone Formation supports numerous quarries for aggregate.

Chattanooga ShaleAge: Late Devonian/EarlyMississippian

Dominantly a black fissile clay shale. The Sylamore Sandstone Member occurs inthe lower part of the interval in some places and can dominate the entire formation.The occurrence of the Chattanooga Shale is quite discontinuous in Arkansasranging from 0 up to 85 ft, but normally no more than about 30 ft. The SylamoreSandstone is reported by Croneis as being generally less than about 5 ft thick andhas extensive distribution in Arkansas. It ranges up to a maximum of 75 ft on a bluffon the south bank of the White River just east of Hickory Creek near Springdale. It isdescribed as being porous and quite friable in ways similar to the St. PeterSandstone. No quarries occur within the Sylamore Sandstone.

Clifty LimestoneAge:

This unit consists of sandy limestone or sandstone of similar nature to the SylamoreSandstone. This unit is only a maximum of 4 ft thick, and is therefore too thin tosupport a quarry.

Penters ChertAge: Early Devonian

Dense, massive, mottled gray chert overlying dolomitic limestone with some chert,chert breccia occurring at some places at the top of the formation. This unit occurssporadically in Arkansas. Croneis (1930) says that the maximum thickness is 90 ft,however, some reports indicate a maximum of 25 ft No quarries were found in thisformation.

Lafferty LimestoneAge: Middle/Late Silurian

This is an earthy red micritic limestone that is gray-green in its upper part. Theformation is also more clayey in its upper horizons. The formation has a limitedaerial extent, averaging 5-20 ft thick with a maximum thickness of over 95 ft in thearea west of West Lafferty Creek in Izard County. No quarries are known within thisformation.

St. Clair LimestoneAge: Early/Middle Silurian

This is a thick-bedded to massively-bedded limestone that is coarse-grained andhighly fossiliferous, closely resembling the Fernvale Limestone. This formation isdiscontinuous and limited to small areas of Independence, Izard, and StoneCounties. The maximum thickness is about 100 ft. No quarries in this unit werelocated by this study.

Brassfield LimestoneAge: Early Silurian

Light gray to red biosparite and biomicrite limestones. Stratigraphic thicknessesrange from 0 to 38 ft, and this formation has rather limited distribution in Arkansas.No quarries in the Brassfield Limestone are known.

Cason ShaleAge: Late Ordovician

This unit includes phosphatic sandstone and shale, and oolitic limestone andcalcareous shale. This unit is discontinuous in Arkansas, ranging to a maximum of23 ft thick. No aggregate quarries are known in the Cason.

Fernvale LimestoneAge: Late Ordovician

A coarse-grained massively-bedded echinodermal biosparite limestone. Theformation ranges from 0 to over 100 ft thick. Although it is thick enough to support aquarry, its use as coarse aggregate is problematic (see text).

Kimmswick LimestoneAge: Middle Ordovician

Thin- to massively-bedded, fine- to coarse-grained biosparite limestone with acharacteristic sugary texture. This formation has discontinuous occurrence rangingfrom 0 to 55 ft in thickness. Some aggregate quarries have been supported by theKimmswick.

Plattin LimestoneAge: Middle Ordovician

Thinly bedded to laminated, gray micritic limestone. Small scattered blebs of sparrycalcite are a characteristic. The formation does not extend west of Searcy County,but in the eastern part of the Ozarks ranges up to 250 ft in thickness. Severalaggregate quarries occur in the Plattin.

Joachim DolomiteAge: Middle Ordovician

This formation contains fine-grained dolomite and dolomitic limestone with thin bedsof shale. Laminated horizons are common. The formation occurs from NewtonCounty thickening eastward to a maximum of 100 ft. No quarries are known in theJoachim.

St. Peter SandstoneAge: Middle Ordovician

Massive bedded, medium- to fine-grained well-rounded calcite-cemented sandstone.The formation ranges from very thin to 175 ft in thickness. The rock is generally toofriable to be suitable for an aggregate quarry.

Everton FormationAge: Middle Ordovician

A highly variable formation consisting of dolomite, sandstone, and dolomiticlimestone. Sandstones in the Everton are composed of carbonate-cemented well-rounded quartz sand similar to the St. Peter. The formation ranges from 300 to 650ft in thickness. A number of aggregate quarries are located in the EvertonFormation, primarily in the carbonates.

Powell DolomiteAge: Early Ordovician

The Powell is a light gray argillaceous dolomicrite with occasional thin beds of shale.In many places the dolomite is thinly laminated with clay partings. This formation isabout 200 ft thick and is widespread in northern Arkansas. There are occasionalbeds of chert in the Powell. Many quarries have been located in the PowellDolomite.

Cotter DolomiteAge: Early Ordovician

Fine- to medium-grained dolomite with occasional minor shale beds. The Cotterranges from 340 to 500 ft thick, and is widespread in northern Arkansas. Theformation commonly contains chert nodules. There are numerous quarries in theCotter.

Jefferson City DolomiteAge: Early Ordovician

Fine-grained dolomite with considerable chert. As to rock type, the Jefferson CityDolomite is indistinguishable from the Cotter. It is distinguished only by fossilspresent. Its exact distribution in Arkansas is not known, and it is included with theCotter on the Geologic Map of Arkansas (Haley et al., 1993). It is not known whichquarries, if any, are in this specific unit.

Figure 1B. Stratigraphy in the Ouachitas and Arkansas River Valley Regions.Boggy FormationAge: Pennsylvanian(Desmoinesian Series)

In Arkansas, only the basal portion of the Boggy crops out, and in very limitedaerial extent. Basal Boggy consists of sandstone with minor siltstone and shale. Noquarries are reported in the Boggy Formation

Savanna FormationAge: Pennsylvanian(Desmoinesian Series)

This formation consists mostly of shale and siltstone with some fine-grainedsandstone beds. Sandstones are thickest near the base of the formation inArkansas, being about 100 ft thick near Paris and 300 ft thick atop MagazineMountain. The formation also contains some coal beds. The formation is estimatedto have 1600 ft total thickness, but only the lower 500 ft or so occur in Arkansas. Afew quarries in Arkansas have been located in Savanna sandstones.

McAlester FormationAge: Pennsylvanian(Desmoinesian Series)

This formation consists predominantly of shale with thin sandstones. Someprominent coal beds occur. The unit ranges from 500 to 2,300 ft in thickness. Nomajor quarries are known in this formation, though a couple of small quarries haveoperated in the past, with no record of stone quality.

Hartshorne SandstoneAge: Pennsylvanian(Desmoinesian Series)

Predominately medium-grained, thick-bedded fluvial sandstones with minordiscontinuous shale layers. Stratigraphic thickness ranges from 10 to 300 ft, and inmost places in Arkansas it is over 100 ft. Many rock quarries are supported byHartshorne Sandstone.

Atoka FormationAge: Pennsylvanian(Atokan Series)

See description in Ozark stratigraphy. As in the Ozarks, the Atoka Formation in theArkansas River Valley and in the Ouachita Mountains consists of shales andstandstones, but in the more southerly parts of its distribution, the Atoka wasdeposited by deeper marine processes, such as turbidity flows, rather than bydeltaic processes as in the north. Despite this difference, there are thicksandstones that support numerous rock quarries in this area as well. The unitattains about 25,000 ft maximum thickness.

Johns Valley ShaleAge: Pennsylvanian(Morrowan Series)

Dominantly black clay shale with intervals of silty, thin-bedded to massivesandstone (possibly reaching 100 ft thick). In places large amounts of exoticcobbles and boulders of limestone, dolomite, and chert occur. The formation�stotal thickness is difficult to discern because of structural complications, but mayexceed 1,500 ft. Some small quarries in large carbonate exotic blocks have beenopened in the vicinity of Boles (C.G. Stone, personal communication, 1998).

Jackfork SandstoneAge: Pennsylvanian(Morrowan Series)

This formation is dominated by thin- to massive-bedded, fine- to coarse-grainedquartz-cemented sandstones with smaller amounts of shale. Some intervals aredominated by thin sandstone and shale, especially in the north, where sandstoneintervals in the Jackfork are generally lenticular within shale. The formation isreported to range from 5,000 to 7,000 ft in thickness. Numerous quarries occur insandstones of the Jackfork.

Stanley ShaleAge: Mississippian

The Stanley Shale is dominated by dark gray shale, but is almost ubiquitouslyinterbedded with fine-grained sandstone layers. Sandstones are rarely very thick,except for the Hot Springs Sandstone, which occurs near the base of the formationin the vicinity of Hot Springs, where it reaches its maximum thickness of about 200ft. Another rock unit, the Hatton Tuff, occurs also in the lower part of the StanleyShale, predominantly in the western part of the Ouachitas. The thickness of theHatton Tuff ranges from about 30 ft to a little over 100 ft. A few other tuff layersthat are thinner occur in the lower part of the Stanley. The Stanley Shale has a totalthickness of 7,000 to 11,000 ft. Other than the Hot Springs Sandstone, sandstonesin the Stanley generally are not sufficiently thick to support quarries for high-quality,shale-free aggregate. One quarry occurs in the Hatton Tuff, and a few have beenlocated in the Hot Springs Sandstone.

Arkansas NovaculiteAge: Devonian and EarlyMississippian

The Lower Division consists predominantly of white, massive-bedded novaculite. Inthe Middle Division is an interbedded sequence of dark gray shales and dark chert.The Upper Division is a white, thick-bedded, in places calcareous, novaculite. Themaximum thickness of the entire formation is about 900 ft in its southernexposures, but thins to as little as 60 ft in the north. Numerous rock quarries havebeen located primarily in the Lower Division of the Arkansas Novaculite.

Missouri Mountain ShaleAge: Silurian

This formation is predominantly shale with various amounts of thin-beddedconglomerate, chert, and sandstones. The maximum thickness of this formationreaches 300 ft. No quarries are known in this formation.

Blaylock SandstoneAge: Silurian

This formation is dominated by fine- to medium-grained sandstones interbeddedwith dark-colored shale. Sandstones are normally thin bedded, and although somefairly thick-bedded intervals occur, shale-free intervals thick enough to supportstone quarries are not known. Total thickness of the formation is as much as 1,200ft in the southwestern part of this outcrop area, but thins rapidly to the north.

Polk Creek ShaleAge: Late Ordovician

This formation is dominated by black fissile shale with minor dark chert. Itsthickness ranges from 50 to 225 ft. Rock in this formation is unsuitable foraggregate and no quarries are known to be located in it.

Bigfork ChertAge: Middle to LateOrdovician

Thinly bedded dark-gray chert interbedded with black siliceous shale andoccasional thin limestone layers. The formation ranges from 450 ft thick in thenorthern Ouachitas to 750 ft in the southern Ouachitas. Numerous pits in theBigfork have been opened for aggregate for gravel roads and other applications. Itsuse in premium-quality aggregate applications is problematic.

Womble ShaleAge: Middle Ordovician

Black shale with thin layers of limestone, silty sandstone, and some chert.Limestones occur predominantly toward the top of the formation, generally in thinto medium beds. At least three locations in the Womble have limestone intervalsthat have supported small aggregate quarries. The thickness of the Wombleranges from 500 to 1,200 ft thick.

Blakely SandstoneAge: Middle Ordovician

This formation consists predominantly of shale, but with very hard, gray sandstoneinterlayers. In many locations, the prominence of blocks of sandstone at thesurface give the false impression that it is a massive sandstone interval. Thesandstone is normally medium bedded with interlayered shales, but a sandstoneinterval that attains 80 ft of thickness is reported by Croneis (1930) on LittleGlazypeau Creek near Hot Springs. No quarries in the Blakely Sandstone werefound during this study. The formation�s thickness ranges from a few feet to about700 ft.

Mazarn ShaleAge: Early Ordovician

Predominantly shale with small amounts of siltstone, sandstone, limestone, andchert. The thickness of this unit ranges from 1,000 to over 2,500 ft. No quarries areknown in this unit.

Crystal MountainSandstoneAge: Early Ordovician

Predominantly massive, coarse-grained, well-rounded sandstone with lesseramounts of interbedded shale, chert, and limestone. The sandstone is usuallystrongly quartz veined. The sandstone in the lower part of the unit is the mostmassive and stout within the formation. The maximum thickness ranges from 500to 850 ft thick. No active quarries in this formation were located during the presentstudy. However, minor activity has occurred in the past, and some potential existsfor aggregate quarries in this formation.

Collier ShaleAge: Late Cambrian toEarly Ordovician

Gray to black shale with occasional thin beds of black chert and an interval of thin-bedded limestone. Total thickness of the formation exceeds 1,000 ft. One quarryhas been located in limestone of the Collier Shale.

Figure 1. Descriptions of the rock types in stratigraphic units of the Paleozoic terrane ofArkansas, with emphasis on matters pertinent to stone for construction aggregate. Thedescriptions are simplified from references mentioned in the text and are not intended tobe complete definitions of stratigraphic units. Information is also drawn from Lumbert andStone (1992), from unpublished data of the Arkansas Geological Commission (J.D.McFarland, personal communication, 1997; C.G. Stone, personal communication, 1998),and from personal observations of the author of this report. A. Stratigraphy in the Ozarksregion. B. Stratigraphy in the Arkansas River Valley and Ouachitas regions.

The limestones, dolostones, and silica-cemented sandstones are the componentsthat have been quarried for crushed stoneaggregate. The horizontal bedding is warpedin some places by broad gentle folds, butbedrock rarely is inclined more than about 5degrees. Also, some normal faults occur, butthey generally are widely spaced and rarelyare a problem to quarrying.

The topography in the OzarkPlateaus region is mountainous in thesouthern part, much of that area being insteep slopes, requiring tortuous roads.Population density in that area is low, muchof it being National Forest. The northern

part of the area also has some mountains,but more of it is rolling topography. It ismostly an agricultural region, but someurbanization is occurring, especially in thenorthwest.

The rock types present in theArkansas River Valley are typically similarto those in the southern part of the OzarkPlateaus, mostly shales and silica-cementedsandstones of Paleozoic age. Thestratigraphy of the Arkansas River Valley isshown in Figure 1B (bedrock units of theArkansas River Valley and the Ouachita

Mountains are grouped together in thefigure, following Haley and others [1993],because of regional differences based onstructure, not solely on aerial distribution ofmapped bedrock units). Bedding in theArkansas River Valley is, for the most part,horizontal to gently dipping; however, thereare places where compression from theOuachita orogeny generated large-scalefolds and/or thrust faults, and bedding canbe steeply inclined or even vertical. Thiskind of structural disturbance increasessouthward in the region. In comparison tothe Ozarks, the Arkansas River Valley has ahigher density of normal faults, but still theyare widely spaced and rarely pose problemsin quarry operations.

Most of the Arkansas River Valley isof low rolling hills, but there are also someisolated flat-topped mountains, including thehighest point in the State, MagazineMountain (839 m [2753 ft]). An importantsurficial feature in this area relevant to thestone industry is the Arkansas River, whichtrends east and west and connects with theMississippi River and, because of a systemof locks and dams, is suitable for shippingstone by barge to the states to the south.

The Ouachita Mountains region is asystem of long ridges and valleys that trendgenerally east and west, though with somevariation, especially in an area of northeast-trending ridges in the vicinity of HotSprings. North-south transportation routes(crossing the topographic grain) in thisregion are generally fewer than thosetrending east west, so haul distances can belonger in the north-south direction. Thetopography is structurally controlled by acomplex system of folds and thrust faults.Because of this deformation, the Paleozoicsedimentary rocks which form the bedrockof this region are rarely found in horizontal

orientation; moderately dipping to verticalbedding orientations prevail, and overturnedsections are present. It is not uncommon tofind major changes in bedding orientationdue to folding, and/or bedding offset byfaulting, within the dimensions of amoderate-sized quarry, though many sitesalso occur with more-or-less constantbedding orientation.

The stratigraphy of the OuachitaMountains is given in Figure 1B. The mostcommon rock type in this region is shale, inplaces metamorphosed sufficiently to beconsidered slate or slaty shale. The mostwidespread rock types suitable for crushedstone aggregate include silica-cementedsandstone and thick beds of microcrystallinesilica, called “novaculite” (similar to chert).Other resources that are more restricted intheir range of occurrence within theOuachita Mountains include Paleozoic-agevolcanic tuff, several nepheline-bearingsyenite and other alkalic igneous plutons ofCretaceous age, a baked “hornfels” zonearound a major igneous intrusive complexeast of Hot Springs, and minor quantities oflimestone. The Cretaceous igneous bodiesare in the area between Little Rock and HotSprings, and some lie physically in the WestGulf Coastal Plain, marginal to the OuachitaMountains (Fig. 2).

RESULTS

The comparison of bedrock units asto their suitability for crushed stoneaggregate is presented below, beginningwith rock units of the Ozark Plateaus, thenthe Arkansas River Valley, and finishingwith the Ouachita Mountains.

Carbonate Rocks of the Ozark Plateaus

Limestones

Data from quarries that usedlimestone bedrock from various formationswere grouped by formation. Histograms forboth LA abrasion and sodium sulfatesoundness test results were constructed toshow how stone from the individualformations performed on these tests. Thesehistograms are presented as Figure 3. Thepass/fail line indicated on each diagram isgiven as a reference. The values of LAabrasion loss of 40% and sodium sulfatesoundness loss of 12% were chosen becausemost AHTD requirements for pavements,whether PCC rigid pavement (AHTD, 1993,p. 275) or asphalt binder and surface course(AHTD, 1993, p. 220), have these values asupper limits of acceptability; the same limitsapply to structures made of PCC (AHTD,1993, p. 563). The LA abrasion andsoundness restrictions of 40% and 12% lossare also commonly employed pass/failvalues for first class aggregate used inasphalt surfacing and PCC pavements inmany other parts of the United States(Nichols, 1991, p. 15-10, 12, 13; White,1991, p. 13-40, 41). Some applications,however, have other requirements. Forexample, in Arkansas, for crushed stone forroad base, AHTD requires an LA abrasionloss of <45% and does not require thesoundness test (AHTD, 1993, p. 303),whereas for aggregate used in asphaltsurface treatments the <12% soundness lossapplies, and the LA abrasion requirementdrops to <35% loss (AHTD, 1993, p. 195).

The majority of quarries in limestoneunits are in the Boone and PitkinFormations. This is not because of apreviously known superiority of stone from

these as compared to other limestones, butbecause of a much more widespread surfacedistribution, due in part to thickness and inpart to favorable position with respect totopographic development. What is meant by“surface distribution” here is the bedrockformation first encountered below any soilor regolith that has developed. The BooneFormation is especially widespread innorthwestern and north-central Arkansasbecause it occupies an extensive plateau.The Pitkin Formation’s average thickness isgreater in the east than in the west, and thereare more shale interlayers in it toward theeast and south (J.D. McFarland, personalcommunication, 1997). Fortuitously, thePitkin tends to occur in more mountainousterrane than the Boone, and as a result itsoutcrop belt is narrower. The same is truefor the Plattin, Kimmswick, and FernvaleLimestones, the other limestones historicallyused for crushed stone aggregate, but thesethin drastically toward the west and are notpresent west of central Newton County.

The Boone and Pitkin limestonesfare very well on both the LA abrasion andthe sodium sulfate soundness tests (Fig. 3A,B), though the Pitkin does a little better.Both are durable limestones. Someproblems, however, peculiar to the BooneFormation are not indicated by the tests.

These problems are related to thepresence of variable, often unpredictable,abundance of chert in the Boone. Cherttypically is non-porous and hard, but insome parts of the Boone Formation chertmay be unusually porous and friable. Theporosity of the chert tends to give the Boonesamples high absorption values and lowdensity. On the other hand, where the chertis not friable, the presence of chert maycause difficulties during crushing, becausechert behaves differently in the crusher than

the admixed limestone.

Although the presence of chert mayresult in some problems in aggregateproduction for construction of surfacedroads, it gives the Boone Formation anadvantage in production of low-cost gravelfor less rigorous applications, such asunpaved secondary roads. The typical Booneregolith above bedrock is a mixture of redclay residuum from dissolution of thelimestone plus abundant fragments of chert.This regolith can be easily dug with loadersand placed as surface dressing on gravelroads with little treatment.

Figure 4 gives some statistics on datafrom absorption and specific gravity tests foreach formation. Regarding the BooneFormation, it can be seen by the median of1.42% absorption and the high incidence ofvalues below 2% that this unit usually hasfairly good results, but some samplesregister much higher absorption than themedian. Absorption in 9% of Booneaggregate samples was unacceptable(between 5.5% and 8.27% absorption). Incontrast, the Pitkin limestone samples showconsistently low absorption. Theoccurrences of poor absorption results inBoone samples is always from inclusion ofporous chert. Boone limestone with highamounts of the porous chert should beavoided in asphalt applications.

Boone Formation samples that testedhigh in absorption also had low specificgravity (SG), because of the low density ofthe porous chert. Specific gravity of theBoone samples ranged from 2.72 to 2.12. Incontrast, the Pitkin samples all werebetween 2.62 and 2.68. Large amounts oflow-SG chert in a parcel of rock could makeit undesirable for use as riprap. Additional

problems can arise due to the presence oflow-SG chert in aggregate used in PCCapplications. If a quarry in the BooneFormation has a significant portion beinglow-SG chert, there will be a bi-modaldistribution in particle density. Variation inparticle SG in a PCC batch can lead tosegregation of aggregate during handlingand mixing (White, 1991).

For aggregate in asphalt applications,a consistent bulk specific gravity isimportant for asphalt mix design (Marek,1991). The bulk SG of the aggregate,obtained by testing a representative sample, is used in calculations of void content incompacted asphalt, which influences theamount of asphalt used in the mix. If thebulk SG of the aggregate varies from the SGused in the calculation, batches with toomuch or too little asphalt will be produced.If a quarried rock unit has low-SG chert,care must be taken to insure that the entirelot of aggregate intended for a specificasphalt job be uniform in its chert content.

The variation in abundance of low-SG chert in the Boone can also be a problemin base-course applications. The materialused for base must be consistent throughouta single job (Nichols, 1991, p. 15-30). Base-course aggregate must be compacted to anoptimum compaction, with a target densityof compaction determined by laboratorytests such as AASHTO T-180. This testdetermines the maximum dry density and anoptimum moisture content for the testedmaterial. If the material has significantchanges on the job from that used in thelaboratory test, target densities may beimpossible to achieve in the field. Suchproblems have occurred in material fromBoone Formation quarries that have widelyvarying abundances of low-SG chert (W.J.

Pay, personal communication, 1997). Not allsites in the Boone have major lateral orvertical changes in percentage of chert onthe scale of a single quarry, but where thereare changes, operators must be careful toselect areas of uniform chert content forsingle job applications.

The data are fewer for quarries in thePlattin, Kimmswick, and FernvaleLimestones (Fig. 3C, D, E). Four quarriesappear to be entirely within the Plattin andtwo quarries are composites of more thanone formation. Although the data are toofew to be conclusive, there does seem to besome differences in the performance of theselimestones as compared to the Boone andPitkin. A few comments are made belowregarding these apparent differences.

Considering the four quarries that liewithin the Plattin Limestone (Fig. 3D) andcomparing them to the Pitkin and BooneFormation limestones (Fig. 3A, B), the LAabrasion values have a similar distribution,but the soundness values for the Plattin donot have the strong mode at the lower end ofthe range, as do the Pitkin and the Boone.Instead, the soundness values have a flatterdistribution over a wide range, includingsome in the failing range. It is not knownwhat causes the poorer performance on thesoundness test, but there are certainlithologic similarities between the PlattinLimestone and Arkansas dolostones thathave also shown problems with soundness(discussed below). The Plattin Limestone ismostly a very fine-grained limestone calledmicrite. The dolostones are mostlydolomicrites. A significant portion of thePlattin micrites are finely laminated (Craigand Deliz, 1988), as are major sections ofthe dolostones. Laminae in the Plattinmicrites examined by the author have

somewhat of a stylolitic character. Stylolitesin general have been characterized as havingbuildups of clay and/or other insolubleresidues on them (Boggs, 1992, p. 122), andclay is suspected to be involved in thedolostone soundness problem discussedbelow. It may be that laminated horizons inthe Plattin are related to poorer soundnessresults. Detailed study is needed to test thishypothesis. The uncertainty of this idea mustbe stressed; it is included here to showwhere further research is needed.

The majority of the Plattin data (Fig.3D), 16 out of 19 samples, come fromquarry IN06. When this quarry was visitedby the author, it was half filled with waterand largely inaccessible for study. It isuncertain how much of the quarry includeslaminated micrites. It is also possible thatthe quarry’s lower part (now submerged)includes the underlying Joachim Dolomite,and that could be the source of poorersoundness results. The three other samplesin the Plattin histogram come from threequarries; two are in the <2% loss range, andthe third has a value of 10%. This spreadbeing recognizable in more than one quarrylends credence to the idea that the Plattin hasa tendency to have a wide range ofsoundness values. On the other hand, thereare two quarries that include both Plattin andKimmswick Limestone, and soundness testson stone from these composite quarries donot show the tendency for higher values(Fig. 3E). These quarries were not studied indetail, and the abundance of the thinlylaminated facies of the Plattin Limestone ofthese quarries is not known.

One of the two quarries that use acombination of Plattin and KimmswickLimestone, IN01, also includes theoverlying Fernvale Limestone. In

constructing the histogram in Figure 3E, anattempt was made to choose samples thatappear to have come from levels that did nothave the Fernvale or where friable portionsof the Fernvale (discussed below) had beenremoved by processing. Samples from thequarry that were exclusively from theFernvale are included in Figure 3C. Oneother quarry, IN03, is reported by the Corpsof Engineers to be in the FernvaleLimestone. Of the five analyses shown forthe Fernvale in Figure 3C, four are from theupper levels of quarry IN01, and one (at51.6% loss) is from quarry IN03.

Though sparse, the data suggestproblems with LA abrasion tests for theFernvale Limestone, especially since failingtests are not restricted to one quarry. Inoutcrop the Fernvale seems to be stout, butduring crushing a substantial amountcrumbles to sand-sized particles (W.J. Pay,personal communication). Perhaps it is thevery coarse-grained nature of the Fernvalethat leads to this behavior. Most of thisformation is made up of an accumulation ofvarious echinoderm plates, some of whichare still together as recognizable fossils.Echinoderm plates are all single crystals ofcalcite, and they were cemented together byovergrowths of calcite, which enlarged theindividual crystals. The resulting rock is likean intergrowth of coarse calcite crystals. Itmay be that the very strong mineral cleavageof calcite starts to become a breakage factorin the whole rock when the calcite grain sizeis very coarse. Whatever the cause, anyquarries that might be located solely withinthe Fernvale Limestone might be expectedto encounter problems with the LA abrasiontest.

All the data for absorption and SG ofsamples from the Plattin and Kimmswick

Limestones are combined in Figure 4; therewere no data available solely from theFernvale. Consistently, results indicatinghigh quality rock are obtained in both tests.

Dolostones

Histograms showing performance ofdolostones on LA abrasion and sodiumsulfate soundness tests are shown in Figure5. Available data for the three dolostoneformations tested indicate that there are nosignificant problems regarding the LAabrasion. However, all three formationshave consistent problems with the soundnesstest. Of the samples submitted from theEverton Formation, 20% have failingsoundness values. Of samples from theCotter Dolomite, 41% failed, and of thosefrom the Powell, 39% failed. Among thequarries in the Cotter Dolomite from whichstone was submitted for testing, there wasone quarry that had many more samples thanthe others. The same is true of the Powell.However, if the data from these quarries areeliminated, there is not an apparent changein the distributions of soundness values. Sothe soundness problem is widespread andnot an artifact from a few large quarries.

The cause of the consistentsoundness problems with Arkansasdolostones is not known with certainty. Theproblem may be associated with high claycontents in the dolostones. According toD.W. Lumbert of AHTD (personalcommunication, 1995), a quarry in theMissouri Ozarks submitted dolostonesamples to AHTD for approval, many ofwhich failed the soundness test. Someexperimentation was done, and it was foundthat significant quantities of clay occur inthe dolostone. A quarry in Arkansas, LR03,has a 1949 entry in the Corps of Engineers

test records showing a fairly poormagnesium sulfate soundness result (17.9%loss, which would correspond to about a12% loss on the sodium sulfate soundnesstest). The data sheet notes clay-richstylolites were present in the sample andreported 12% insoluble residue (chert +quartz + clay). In quarry site visits for thepresent study, finely laminated dolomicriteswere commonly observed in each of thedolostone formations, and broken surfacesalong the bedding planes in the laminatedportions of the rocks were observed to haveclay on them. Of the quarries that werevisited, the quarry that has had the mostsevere soundness problems also has a highpercentage of the rock being laminateddolomicrite with clay-rich parting surfaces.

Further support to the idea that highsoundness loss is related to clay-content indolomite comes from R.L. Neman, Professorof Chemistry at East Central University inOklahoma and consultant to the aggregateindustry, who states (personalcommunication, 1998) that he has seen apositive correlation between soundnessvalues and insoluble residue in data heobtained from testing stone from manydolostone quarries, including some fromArkansas. However, Rowland (1972)collected samples from 26 quarries incarbonate rocks in Oklahoma and analyzed,among other things, insoluble residue andNa-sulfate soundness. Scatter plots ofRowland’s (1972) data were made by J.Bliss of the U.S. Geological Survey(personal communication, 1998), and theseshow no correlation between the twoparameters.

These conflicting observationsindicate the uncertainty of the cause of thedolostone soundness problems in Arkansas.

Future research should involve anexamination of the cause of this problem.When the cause is correctly determined, itwould then be useful to identify any texturalfeatures (such as the lamination discussedabove) by which problem dolostones andbetter dolostones can be distinguished in thefield or in core samples. If there arestratigraphic intervals that can be identifiedthat have fewer soundness problems,perhaps areas with these stratigraphicintervals could be mapped out. A studyfocused on the dolostone soundness problemcould be valuable to industry, because it isthe only rock type available for aggregate ina large section of the northeastern portion ofthe Ozarks.

Other than the Boone Formation, thedolostones have the greatest tendency forvariability in absorption and SG (Fig. 4).Even so, good results were obtained frommost of the samples that were tested. Forexample, the 30 samples tested from thePowell Dolomite came from 9 quarries. Allof the samples with absorption greater than3% came from two quarries, representing 6out of the 30 total samples. The samesamples that had higher absorption valueswere the ones with lower SG. From theEverton Formation, one sample had 6.05%absorption (with a SG of 2.38), but of theremaining 25 samples from 10 quarries, only5 samples had greater than 2% absorption,with the high being only 3.1%. Good resultsare usually the case in the dolostoneformations, but caution must be exercisedbecause variability exists.

Other problems common to the carbonaterock area of Arkansas

Unlike most rock types, limestone

and dolostone are relatively soluble in water.This is why caves are present most often inregions where such carbonate rocksconstitute the bedrock. Solution features inArkansas’ carbonate terrane can beproblems for producers of crushed stoneaggregate, because they can occur near thesurface and may extend down into thesubsurface for 10 m (30 ft) or more.Solution cavities most commonly formalong large joints and especially at jointintersections. As space is created in thebedrock by dissolution, clay may be washedin from the soil horizon above the bedrock,filling the open cavity that is created. Such

solution features may be only a few incheswide, or may be cavities 3 m (10 ft) or moreacross. The distribution of solution cavitiescan be unpredictable, though in some placesthe regularity of joint spacing andorientation can produce a regularity to theoccurrence of solution cavities. When suchfeatures are encountered during quarrying,contamination of aggregate with largeamounts of clay can ruin a batch of rockintended for applications that require clay-free aggregate. Solution cavities can alsonegatively impact quarry operations bycausing unexpected results during blasting.Solution features are most widely known in

the Boone Formation, but any of thecarbonate formations may have them.Limestones are generally more susceptibleto solutioning than dolostones.

Another problem that is fairlycommon among quarries in the carbonaterocks of Arkansas concerns fines in theaggregate created during crushing. AHTDrequires that for base-course aggregate, aparameter informally called “dust ratio”must be measured (AHTD, 1993, p. 303).The dust ratio is an indication of how muchof the fine material in the aggregate is ofdust-sized particles. The requirement is thatof all the material that passes the #40 sieve,no more than 2/3 of it can be material thatalso passes the #200 sieve. Apparently,because of the very fine grain size of manyof the dolostones and of some of thelimestones, an excessive amount is reducedto dust size when they are crushed. At manyquarry sites, sand must be brought in fromexternal sources to mix with the aggregate tolower the dust ratio. The quarry which hasthe Fernvale Limestone in its upper levelsuses to its advantage the tendency for thecoarse limestone of the Fernvale to crumbleto sand-sized grains during crushing. Bymixing an amount of Fernvale with finerlimestone of the Plattin and KimmswickLimestones from the lower part of thequarry, a greater proportion of the resultantfine aggregate ends up in the sand sizerange, thus meeting the dust ratiospecifications. Yet another quarry mixes insand crushed from a nearby occurrence ofthe friable St. Peter Sandstone to overcomeits dust ratio problems.

In Arkansas, formations having chertin them have traditionally had problems with“stripping”, that is, the loss of adhesionbetween aggregate and the bituminous

binder in asphalt applications (W.J. Pay,personal communication, 1995). Of theformations generally used for aggregate inthe Ozarks region, primarily the BooneFormation and the Cotter Dolomite havechert as a component. The same problem isproduced when chert, either as local rivergravel or as crushed stone imported fromelsewhere, is used as an additive to thecarbonate aggregate to meet AHTDspecifications for surface-course asphaltpavement (discussed below). However, thestripping problem is easily overcome byaddition of anti-strip agents to the asphaltmixture.

Another problem common to theentire carbonate terrane across the northerntier of Arkansas involves AHTDrequirements for the upper layer of anasphalt road pavement. The specificationsallow no more than 60% of the coarseaggregate to be of limestone or dolostone; atleast 40% must be “siliceous” aggregate(AHTD, 1993, p. 220). Siliceous aggregatesinclude such materials as sandstone, syenite,novaculite, or chert. The reason for thisrequirement is that carbonate rocks have lowresistance to wear. They are soft bycomparison to siliceous materials, and aftera period of road use they become smooth,even polished, making the road surfaceslick. The more resistant siliceous aggregateis mixed in with carbonate aggregate toreduce this tendency for surface wear.

In the northern part of the Ozark areaof Arkansas the bedrock is almostexclusively limestone and/or dolostone.There are sandstones in the EvertonFormation that in some areas are thick, andthere is the St. Peter Sandstone that has awide range of occurrence. However, the St.Peter is quite friable in most places. There

may be some areas in which the St. Peter iscemented more completely and might passLA abrasion and soundness criteria, buteven if such areas can be found, neither theSt. Peter Sandstone nor the EvertonFormation sandstones can be classified assiliceous materials by the AHTD method ofdesignation. The reason for this is that to beclassified as siliceous material by AHTD,85% of the stone must be insoluble whensubjected to a 1:1 solution of hydrochloricacid and water (AHTD, 1993, p. 220). TheSt. Peter Sandstone and the sandstones in theEverton Formation are quartz sandstones,but they are cemented by soluble carbonatecement, which normally constitutes morethan 15% of the rock.

One short-lived quarry (CR12), fromwhich there were five samples tested byAHTD in 1982, included both limestonefrom the Pitkin (the rock at the surface) andsandstone (from below the surface) from theFayetteville Formation (probably theWedington Sandstone Member). From theavailable records, it is impossible to tellwhat rock type was being tested in eachsample, but all passed the LA abrasion test,and all but one passed the soundness test. Athin section of sandstone from a large blocklying beside the abandoned pit shows only aminor portion being calcite cement. Thisquarry is in the Green Forest area of CarrollCounty, which is in the general area of thethickest development of the WedingtonSandstone according to Croneis (1930). Thisarea is one of the northernmost parts of theWedington’s range of near-surfaceoccurrence. Perhaps there is potentialsomewhere in that area for a quarry utilizingthe Wedington Sandstone to supply siliceousaggregate.

The Batesville Sandstone underlies

the Fayetteville Formation and might be asource of siliceous aggregate. From the datasources used in this study, only one quarryhas been noted in the Batesville Sandstone(BE16) that was evidently used foraggregate, and no test data are available forit. Croneis (1930) notes that parts of theBatesville are very calcareous, but no studyexists that describes the cementation of theBatesville Sandstone in detail. He alsomentions the existence of a number ofquarries in the Batesville area, but does notmention the use of the stone that wasproduced. According to C.G. Stone(personal communication, 1998) a numberof old quarries in that area were used foraggregate and/or building stone. There is nodata on the quality of the aggregate from anyof these quarries.

Another source of siliceousaggregate might be cherts that occur in withcertain of the carbonate formations ofnorthern Arkansas, but this idea isproblematical. In the past, siliceousaggregate for mixing with carbonates insurface-course asphalt was obtained fromriver gravels, where the natural action oftumbling along stream beds, coupled withweathering, concentrated the more durablecherts of the area. However, the trend inrecent years has been to reduce or eveneliminate the practice of stream-bed miningof river gravel, in order to preserve thenatural qualities of the rivers in this scenicpart of the State. Looking to direct bedrockextraction of chert for siliceous aggregatepresents other problems. Other than in theBoone Formation, the chert abundance is toolow, being in most places only a few percentof the total bedrock. In the Boone, most ofthe chert is too soft and porous to be viable.However, in places there are occurrences ofdurable chert in the Boone Formation. At

one quarry in northwest Arkansas, where astratigraphic interval in the Boone has closeto 40% durable chert, the possibility of usingthat interval as a source of aggregate forsurface-course asphalt is being explored. Itis possible that similar sites in the Boonemay be located containing durable chert insufficient abundance to qualify for surface-coat asphalt.

Sandstones of the Ozark Plateaus and theArkansas River Valley

The principal bedrock units of theOzarks that contain sandstones that arequarried for construction aggregate are theHale, Bloyd, and Atoka Formations. The

Atoka Formation’s distribution includesboth the southern part of the Ozark Plateausand the entire Arkansas River Valley region(Fig. 2). For this reason, aggregate sourcesin the southern part of the Ozarks arediscussed along with the Arkansas RiverValley. In the Arkansas River Valley,besides the Atoka, the Hartshorne Sandstoneis extensively used for aggregate, and thereare a few sites in the less-extensive SavannaFormation that have been exploited forsandstone construction aggregate. The LAabrasion and sodium sulfate soundness datafrom these formations are summarized inFigure 6.

The stratigraphy of the Hale and

Bloyd Formations (Fig. 1A) is complicatedby the fact that there are facies changes inthese formations laterally toward the eastfrom the areas in northwest Arkansas wherethe formations were originally defined. Onthe geologic map of the State (Haley et al.,1993) and on most of the pertinent geologicworksheets, the lower part of the HaleFormation, the Cane Hill Member, ismapped separately from the rest of the Hale,and the upper part of the Hale Formation isincluded with the Bloyd Shale. On somegeologic worksheets these are groupedtogether as “Morrowan”, referring to thegeologic series to which these rocks belong.In Appendix I, the quarries are indicated asto formation simply by the map unit they fallin (“Cane Hill” or “Bloyd/Hale”); noattempt was made to distinguish quarries inthe upper part of the Hale Formation fromthose in the Bloyd.

There are only two quarries insandstone of the Cane Hill Member of theHale Formation, CB20 and ST04, for whichthere are data; a third quarry, WA02, ispartly in the Pitkin and partly in theoverlying Cane Hill, but there are no recordsof sample tests for it. From CB20 and ST04a total of four LA abrasion tests wereperformed, and all were in the 24-30% lossrange; three soundness tests were performed,and all fell in the <2% range. Histogramswere not produced for these data.

Of the data presented in Figure 6, themost problematical are the LA abrasionscores for the combined Bloyd/Hale unit.About 20% of the tests were above the“failing” limit of 40% loss, and a significantnumber that passed were close to that limit.Some of the poor results may come frominstances where quarry operators included

too much material from the upper parts of quarries, where the rock is excessivelyweathered. However, most of the poorvalues recorded for the Bloyd/Hale unitcome from two quarries that commonlyobtained poor results even from sampleswell below the surface. In the sandstoneunits of the Ozarks and Arkansas Valley, thefresher rock is usually gray in color, and theweathered rock is light brown. According toW.J. Pay (personal communication, 1997),the rock in these two problematic quarriestends to be brown and weathered inappearance to greater depths than is typicalof most sandstone units in Arkansas. Heconsiders unusually deep weathering to be ageneral tendency for rocks of theBloyd/Hale bedrock unit.

As a possible explanation for zonesof deep weathering, Pay (personalcommunication, 1997) has suggested thatperhaps the original character ofcementation in sandstones of this unit is, atleast in places, such that cementation wasincomplete, so that groundwater is able tosoak into the rock more readily and thusweather it to greater depths. Or perhaps, ifsome of the sandstones were cemented bycalcite cement, the rock would be morereadily weathered than silica-cementedsandstones. These ideas are reasonable,especially in light of the commonoccurrence of undercut bluffs formed in thethick “Middle Bloyd Sandstone”, where theundercut part of the sandstone seemsunusually crumbly, evidently having adifferent degree of cementation or differenttype of cement than the more resistant partof the sandstone. The fresh-rock samples ofthe Bloyd/Hale unit that the author hasexamined in thin section are cemented bysilica cement, making a very durable

material. In one quarry, however, there areconcretion-like nodules where the sandgrains are cemented by calcite instead ofsilica. If there are large portions insandstones of the Bloyd and HaleFormations that have calcite cement, thesewould be more susceptible to weatheringthan portions with silica cement and mightaccount for the less durable sandstones thathave the poorer LA abrasion numbers.Probably there is more occurrence of calcite-cemented sandstones in the western part ofthe outcrop belt for these formations,because the western part has moreoccurrence of limestone in the formation,indicating an abundance of carbonate in theoriginal depositional system, while theeastern part is almost entirely clastic. Inspite of the above discussion, it should benoted that there are many very good quarriesin this map unit that have not encounteredsignificant problems with LA abrasion orsoundness.

There is a problem in using thegeologic worksheets for exploration forpotential quarry sites in the Bloyd/Hale orCane Hill units, and this problem alsoapplies to using them for sites in the AtokaFormation. These bedrock units aregenerally dominated by shale and siltstonerather than sandstone, but they havesandstone layers that are thick enough tosupport aggregate quarries. The geologicworksheets only indicate areas underlain bybedrock of the unit as a whole and do notdistinguish the areas with sandstone fromareas dominated by shale. Each of theseunits occupy widespread areas of the State.To single out areas of sandstone within anarea shown on a geologic worksheet asoccupied by Cane Hill or Bloyd/Hale orAtoka Formation, one must apply someknowledge of geomorphology. For example,

“hog-back ridges” are the topographicexpression of inclined layers of durable rocksuch as sandstone, which “hold up” theridge.

There are, however, some specificreports that have maps with variable-lithology bedrock units divided according tolithologic character, such as Merewether(1967) and Merewether and Haley (1969). Alisting of such reports is beyond the scope ofthis paper, but help with locating suchreports is generally available through theArkansas Geological Commission. Aresourceful way to determine the location ofone prominent sandstone layer in the BloydFormation, the “Middle Bloyd Sandstone”,was suggested by J.D. McFarland (personalcommunication, 1996). He says that what isnow designated as the “Middle BloydSandstone” is what was once mapped as thebase of the Atoka Formation. Thus the traceof the base of the Atoka on the 1929Geologic Map of Arkansas (Miser andStose, 1929) shows the distribution of the“Middle Bloyd Sandstone”.

The Atoka Formation in Arkansas isan extremely thick sequence of shales,siltstones, and sandstones. The unit isinformally subdivided into the “Lower”,“Middle”, and “Upper” Atoka. In part of itsaerial extent, these three subunits aredistinguished on the geologic worksheetsand on the State geologic map (Haley andothers, 1993), whereas in other places it isjust mapped as a whole, without subdivision.The sandstone layers in this unit arecemented by silica cement, and there are anumber of thick beds that have beenquarried. Of all the bedrock units of theState, there are more quarries in the AtokaFormation than in any other single unit. Thisis, in part, due to the fact that the Atoka is

the most widespread (Croneis, 1930; Haleyand others, 1993).

The histograms for LA abrasion andsoundness tests of sandstone from the Atoka(Fig. 6B) show very good results. The mostfrequent values on the LA abrasion testoccur in the range of <20% loss. However,almost half of the tests that fall in that rangecome from two longstanding quarries, PY01and LN01/PU05. Nevertheless, even if thesetwo quarries are eliminated from the dataset, the results are still quite good.Speculating as to why these two quarriesturn out such good abrasion values, it isnotable that they contain some of the finer-grained sandstones as compared to manyother quarries (W.J. Pay, personalcommunication, 1997). Of the quarries inthe Hartshorne Sandstone, which is also asilica-cemented sandstone and in a similarstructural setting, the quarry producing rockwith the best results on the LA abrasion testalso has sandstones with relatively fine grainsizes. Coarser-grain-sized rock from otherquarries in the Hartshorne does not fare aswell. It may be that for some reason the finergrain sizes in the sandstones wereadvantageous to better original cementation,or perhaps they are less susceptible toweathering. The notion that better LAabrasion values are associated with finersandstones, however, has not beenrigorously tested. It should also be noted thateven if this idea is true, in many cases thedepositional systems that deposited fineraverage grain sizes of sand also tended todeposit more clays, which become shales.Sandstone deposits with abundant shaleinterlayers are more difficult to deal with ina quarrying operation, because excessiveshale is not allowed in high-dollar aggregateapplications. On the other hand, foradherence purposes, small quantities of

shale are often preferred, and a few quarrysites may be “too sandy” without some shaleadditions, and thus be lacking in materialthat will produce enough fines uponcrushing. Lateral changes in shale contentthrough sedimentary facies changes is aconcern in essentially the entire sedimentaryrock terrane of Arkansas.

The few cases of poorer LA abrasionand soundness values in the Atoka areprobably attributable to cases where toomuch weathered rock got into the batch thatwas tested. This was confirmed in a few sitevisits where entire quarries were small,shallow pits mostly in weathered rock. Evenin large quarries that tap down into freshrock, operators can, on occasion, get toomuch weathered rock from the top of thequarry included in a batch.

The Hartshorne Sandstone showsconsistent good results on the abrasion andsoundness tests (Fig. 6C), the few “failing”tests being negligible as far as evaluating theformation as a whole. The formation isdominated by thick, fluvial, quartz-cementedsandstones. However, there are shaleinterlayers in places, so it is not everywheresuitable for quarry sites for high-qualitycrushed stone. There are a number of placeswhere thick sandstones of the Hartshorneoccur in close proximity to the navigableArkansas River. This is also true of theAtoka Formation. Such locations areadvantageous for using the river fortransportation of stone to neighboring states.

Two quarries in the SavannaFormation have had samples tested, all thetests having good results (Fig. 6D).Sandstones are only a minor part of theSavanna, which is dominated by shale andsiltstone, and the formation as a whole does

not have an extensive outcrop area inArkansas. This formation should not beconsidered a major resource for aggregate inthe State. Nevertheless, it has some potentialin the western and southwestern part of theArkansas River Valley region.

Similarly, the McAlester Formationis also dominated by shale, but with somesandstone intervals. AHTD’s MaterialsAvailability Study (AHTD, 1984) mentionstwo quarries in the McAlester (FR07 andSB06), but no data are available from these.One of these, SB06, was operated bySebastian County for some years, ending in1972. The former Superintendent of thequarry, C. Gasaway, said (personalcommunication, 1998) that there was a 3-5m (10-15 ft) thick sandstone that wascrushed for aggregate for a period of time,and that beneath it was shale that was rippedby dozers for many years after that, for useas dressing for unpaved secondary roads.Based on descriptions of the McAlester(Croneis, 1930; Hendricks and Parks, 1950;Haley, 1961), it is unlikely that there aremany places with significantly thickersandstones in this formation.

Absorption values (Fig. 4) for thesandstones discussed above (other thansandstone in the McAlester) are fairlyconsistent, rarely having values over 3%.Specific gravity values also are fairlyconsistent. In sandstones, SG tends to be alittle lower than SG in carbonate rocks,because the constituent minerals oflimestones and dolostones are denserminerals than quartz, the main constituent ofsandstones. The slight variations in bothabsorption and SG in these sandstones maybe due to some porosity differences resultingfrom cement dissolution due to weathering.

Rocks of the Ouachita Mountains Region

Figure 7 shows the histograms ofavailable results from engineering tests runon various rocks of the Ouachita Mountainsregion. Below is a discussion of the variousrock types of this region that have beenutilized for aggregate.

Sandstones

The sandstones of the JackforkSandstone show generally good results onthe two tests (Fig. 7A), especially on thesoundness test. Although most of the LAabrasion tests are in the “passing” range ofless than 40% loss, these sandstones do notseem to have as strong a showing as thesandstones of the Hartshorne or Atoka onthis test. Some of the cases of poorer resultsmay be from zones of deep weathering.According to C.G. Stone (personalcommunication, 1998), the Jackfork can insome places be weathered as deep as 30 m(100 ft) and yet in a short lateral distance bevery hard to within a few feet of the surface.This especially deep weathering occursprimarily in the southern part of theOuachitas near the border of the area ofCretaceous and Tertiary sediments. Therocks of this area were near the earth’ssurface both in the Cretaceous and earlyTertiary as well as today, so this area hasbeen exposed for a significant period of timeto weathering processes (C.G. Stone,personal communication, 1998).

It is noteworthy that of the “failing”tests, not all are associated with parcels ofweathered rock near the surface. In somequarries, rocks from well below the surfacemay be very durable in one place, whilelaterally the same interval of rock at thesame depth may be softer (W.J. Pay,

personal communication, 1998). This kindof variability may be due to originalcementation properties of the Jackforksandstones that lead to zones of friablesandstone.

Pauli (1994) discusses cementationfactors that may have contributed to areas offriable sandstone in the Jackfork in the LynnMountain syncline area of Le Flore County,Oklahoma. The cementation factors appearto be related to depositional facies of theJackfork sands, which are interpreted tohave been deposited as turbidites insubmarine fans. One factor appears to be thepresence of detrital clay in intersticesbetween original sand grains. The clayhindered cementation by overgrowth silicacement. This condition is found, primarily inmedium- to coarse-grained, poorly sortedchannel facies of the Jackfork. In channelsandstones there are also indications thatcalcite cement may have been present insome of the rock, and dissolution of thecalcite has left the sandstone poorlycemented. The nonchannel sandstones fromfan lobes or channel levees are finer grainedand are normally hard, well-cementedsandstones.

Although cementation properties aresuspected to be behind the tendency for afew Jackfork samples to have marginallysatisfactory LA abrasion results, they are notevident in the absorption and SG data (Fig.4). If any samples having poor cementationwere submitted for absorption and SG tests,they should show high absorption and lowSG, but there is no significant variation seenin these data for the Jackfork. However,only two of the samples that had “failing”LA abrasion values were also tested forabsorption and SG, so the data are too few todetermine if there is a correlation.

The original depositionalenvironment of the Jackfork also hasinfluenced lateral continuity of bedding inthe formation. Lateral variation from asandstone-dominated sequence into a moreshale-rich sequence along strike isundesirable from a rock qualityconsideration. Some areas in the Jackforkhave sandstone that was originally depositedin a fan lobe setting. Sandstones of thisfacies have good lateral continuity, whileother areas, more closely associated withchannels, have greater lateral discontinuity(C.G. Stone, personal communication,1998). In general, lateral continuity is betterwhere the trend of the formation in outcropfollows the trend of original deposition.Greater rock-type variations commonlyoccur where the present trend of outcrop istransverse to the trend of the originaldepositional system. These kinds ofrelationships are not easy to determine, evenby experienced geologists, especially inundeveloped sites where exposure is limited. Development of quarry sites for aggregatein the Jackfork Sandstone can sometimespresent difficulties, but a number ofsuccessful quarries have been brought intoproduction over the years.

Another sandstone resource in theOuachitas is the Hot Springs Sandstone. TheHot Springs Sandstone is locally a thicksandstone unit near the base of the StanleyShale. The unit is best developed in theeastern part of the Ouachitas, in the vicinityof Hot Springs. The Hot Springs Sandstoneis not shown on the geologic worksheets; itis simply part of what is mapped as StanleyShale. However, there are geologic maps forpart of the region that subdivide the Stanleyand show specifically where the Hot SpringsSandstone crops out. These maps include theHot Springs folio (Purdue and Miser, 1923)

and the Malvern 15-minute quadrangle(Danilchik and Haley, 1964).

Nearly 20 samples tested from threequarries in the Hot Springs Sandstone (Fig.7B) indicate a durable stone. Only twoabsorption and SG test records are availablefrom this unit (Fig. 4), and they indicategood results.

The majority of the samples testedfor LA abrasion and soundness, as well asthe two tested for absorption and SG, werefrom one long-standing quarry, GA03. Someconfusion exists regarding this quarry inthat, according to W.J. Willis (personalcommunication, 1997), many people in theHot Springs area have thought the quarrywas in the Arkansas Novaculite. However,the author visited the site and spoke with along-term employee, C. Porter, whooperated the asphalt plant there underseveral changes in ownership. He wasthoroughly familiar with the two rock typesbecause of the difference in the way theybehave in the asphalt plant. He showedwhere the workings were at different timesin the quarry’s history. There is a pit on theproperty that is in novaculite that was asource for a short time, but some 80-90% ofthe time the workings were in the HotSprings Sandstone (C. Porter, personalcommunication, 1997). The apparentvolumes taken from the areas of the tworock types, as viewed by the author, seem tocorroborate his statements.

The four quarries in the StanleyShale indicated in Figure 7C are all sites thathave been used by the Corps of Engineers toobtain riprap. The stone that was tested andused from these quarries is sandstone. Avery durable stone is indicated by the tests,and probably many occurrences of

sandstone in the Stanley are similarlydurable. Two of the sites (HO02 and PK04)were field checked by G.D. Hunt, anassistant in this project. One of them (HO02)was accessible for examination, and aphotograph was taken. The sandstones thereare significantly thicker than in most placesin the Stanley Shale, but shale interlayers, sotypical in the Stanley, are ubiquitousthroughout the highwall exposure. C.G.Stone states (personal communication,1998) that during operation of that quarry,thicker sections of sandstone without shaleoccurred. He also comments that there areother places in the Stanley where thickintervals of sandstone exist withoutsignificant shale interlayers. Such thicksandstone intervals in this formation aregenerally the result of “amalgamation”during deposition of sands from turbidityflows. Individual turbidity flow depositsnormally have sand at the bottom and clay atthe top, and there are variable thicknesses ofclay possible between successive sandlayers. In cases of amalgamation, during thedeposition process, each successive flow canerode some or all of the clay from theunderlying layer, so that sand is depositedon sand. In cases where this processhappened often, thick sandstones result.Although isolated occurrences of significantamalgamation exist in the Stanley, and thusother locations may exist in the Stanleywhere aggregate quarries can besuccessfully opened, most of the Stanley hasinsufficient amalgamation of sand units tosupport a quarry for stone that must passstringent requirements on exclusion of softparticles such as shale.

The Crystal Mountain Sandstone(Fig. 1B) is a unit in the Ouachitas for whichthere are no records of aggregate miningactivity in the data sources used for thisstudy, but for which there may be potential

for future use. According to C.G. Stone(personal communication, 1998), at leastone quartz crystal mine in this formation hasintermittently supplied riprap and decorativearchitectural materials. Parts of thissandstone unit were cemented withcalcareous cement and have been deeplyweathered, but other parts are cemented withsilica and are very hard, even at the surface.There may be areas in which there issufficient volume of durable sandstone tosupport an aggregate quarry.

No records exist of quarries insandstones of the Johns Valley Shale, butaccording to C.G. Stone (personalcommunication, 1998), places whereturbiditic sandstones in the sequence havebeen sufficiently amalgamated, sandstonethicknesses can exceed 30 m (100 ft), andsignificant ridges are held up by suchsandstone intervals in the Johns ValleyShale. It may be that there are resources forsandstone construction aggregate in thisformation in some areas. C.G. Stone has alsoindicated that there are portions of the JohnsValley Shale in the Boles area where exoticblocks of carbonate rock are sufficientlylarge to support small aggregate quarries.

Novaculite and Chert

The Arkansas Novaculite isdiscussed along with the Bigfork Chert,because novaculite may be considered aspecial form of chert. Of these twoformations only the Arkansas Novaculite istruly suitable for high-quality aggregateapplications. The Bigfork Chert has beenused in some AHTD applications and somegood results have been returned onengineering tests run on samples that havebeen submitted (Fig. 7D and Fig. 4).However, those good samples were obtained

only with very careful and selectivequarrying, because most of the Bigfork hasexcessive tripolitic chert and/or shale. Forthis reason, its use in applications withrigorous restrictions on soft particles isproblematic. On the other hand, the materialfrom this formation is easily quarried withearth-moving equipment (not requiringblasting), and it packs well and sets up veryhard, so it is widely used for dressingunpaved secondary roads. However, sharpedges are common on the chert aggregateparticles, and high rates of tire puncture arecommon on roads dressed with stone fromthe Bigfork (C.G. Stone, personalcommunication, 1998).

The Arkansas Novaculiteconsistently scores well on both the LAabrasion and sodium sulfate soundness tests(Fig. 7E), and a number of long-standingquarries have been established in thisaggregate source. The Arkansas Novaculitealso has excellent absorption values (Fig. 4),making it quite suitable for asphalt concrete.This material has had problems withstripping in asphalt in the past, but anti-stripagents added to the asphalt eliminate thisproblem.

The part of the formation thatnormally is quarried is the Lower Division.The Middle Division has too much shale,and the Upper Division is usually thin, androck in it is commonly not as durable as inthe Lower Division. In many places in theeastern part of the Ouachitas, the UpperDivision is described as being “tripolitic”, inthat it readily disintegrates to a silicapowder. This tripolitic character isespecially common in places where the bedsare structurally overturned (C.T. Steuart,personal communication, 1997). Toward thewest, the upper member is commonly less

tripolitic, but it still is generally not asdurable or as thick as the lower member.Along the northern limb of the Bentonuplift, facies changes in the ArkansasNovaculite reduce the thickness of theformation on the whole and essentiallyeliminate the rock-types most suitable forhigh-quality construction aggregate.

Although the Arkansas Novaculitemakes an excellent aggregate, this materialalso is the most abrasive to mining andprocessing equipment. The novaculitebreaks with a semi-conchoidal fracture thatvery often produces jagged, knife-sharpedges that take heavy tolls on rubber-tiredequipment in the quarry. It is very abrasivein contact with steel, producing rapid wearon crushing and handling equipment. Itproduces more wear to components of anasphalt plant than even the most indurated ofthe silica-cemented sandstones.

Igneous Rocks

Igneous rocks are not widespread inArkansas, but several significantoccurrences constitute important resourcesfor crushed stone aggregate. In the areabetween Little Rock and Benton, severalCretaceous-age plutons of nepheline-bearingsyenite occur, and east of Hot Springs, at thecommunity of Magnet Cove, an alkalineintrusive complex occurs with a wide rangeof rock types. Most of the utilization hasbeen from several quarries situated inPulaski County on Granite Mountain, in thepluton that is in closest proximity to LittleRock. The name “Granite Mountain” is amisnomer, because the rock is nepheline-bearing syenite rather than true granite. Thestone from Granite Mountain makes a highquality aggregate (Figs. 4 and 7F), and thelocation provides several transportation

advantages, being near the largest populatedarea of the State, near rail lines, and near theArkansas River. Although the area exposedat the surface is not extensive, amounting toless than ten square miles, a significantvolume of material probably continueslaterally at depth, based on a large gravityanomaly (Kruger and Keller, 1986).

Another igneous rock type that isused for aggregate is the Hatton Tuff. Thisbedrock unit has only recently been broughtinto production, so the number of data arefew (Figs. 4 and 7G), but the available dataare very encouraging. The TexasDepartment of Highways and PublicTransportation obtains similar good resultson their tests of the material (C. Fu, personalcommunication, 1996). The rock type “tuff”is generally a “red flag” when considering amaterial for aggregate, because if used inportland cement concrete the glassycomponent (i.e. volcanic glass) of typicaltuffs can enter into alkali-silica reactionswith the cement and degrade the concrete(Smith and Collis, 1993, p. 210). However,tuffs with reactive volcanic glass areuniversally of Tertiary age, while the Hattontuff is of Mississippian age, and its volcanicglass has devitrified to crystallinesubstances, primarily feldspar (Niem, 1977;Kline, 1996), eliminating the potential foralkali-silica reactions.

The Hatton Tuff Lentil occurs in thelower part of the Stanley Shale (Fig. 1B).This unit is not shown on the Geologic Mapof Arkansas (Haley et al., 1993), nor is itshown on most of the Arkansas GeologicalCommission geologic worksheets. Thedistribution of the Hatton Tuff in thesouthwest portion of the Ouachitas inArkansas is shown, however, on the maps of Miser and Purdue (1929) and Miser and

Stose (1929). Although the Hatton Tuff isreported to thin to the north and also to theeast (Niem, 1977), Danilchik and Haley(1964) have mapped a tuff in the lowerStanley up to 15 m (50 ft) thick in theMalvern quadrangle that they tentativelycalled the Hatton Tuff.

Other Rock Types

One quarry has been opened in ahornfels zone within the Stanley Shaleadjacent to the Magnet Cove intrusivecomplex, east of Hot Springs. The few testresults available show reasonably goodresults (Fig. 7H, Fig. 4), though one of fivesoundness tests failed. Prior tometamorphism, the rocks were interbeddedshales and sandstones which normallywould not pass engineering tests, but heatfrom the plutonic complex baked them intodurable hornfels. The contact metamorphiczone in which these rocks occur averagesabout 550 m (1800 ft) wide around theplutonic complex, as mapped by Ericksonand Blade (1963).

Limestones are rather rare in theOuachitas, but two quarries for whichengineering test results are available aresituated in limestones. One is in limestone ofthe Collier Shale (quarry MG01); the otheris in a limestone layer in the Womble Shale(GA02). Two samples from MG01 weretested, with LA abrasion values of 26% and26.5% loss and soundness values of 1% and1.7% loss. The one sample from GAO2 hada loss of 25.4% in the LA abrasion test and0.1% loss in the soundness test. Despitethese excellent results, these formations arenot considered major resources, becauselimestones of sufficient thickness to supporta quarry are not extensive in the Collier, the

Womble, or other Lower Paleozoic strata, allof which are generally dominated by shale.However, based on observations during asite visit, the author thinks significantreserves may remain in the limestone bodyat site GA02. Formerly two other limestoneintervals in the Womble were quarried on alimited scale for aggregate and/or riprap(C.G. Stone, personal communication,1998), and there could be other limestonebodies like these elsewhere in the Womble.The limestone in the Collier Shale in whichsite MG01 is located is approximately 30 m(100 ft) thick and may contain as much as amillion short tons of limestone (C.G. Stone,personal communication, 1998).

POTENTIAL FOR ALKALI-SILICAREACTIVITY

From the available information, thereare no apparent problems from alkali-silicareactivity (ASR) in the various bedrock unitsthat have been utilized for constructionaggregate in Arkansas. Of the Corps ofEngineers data sheets, there are 106 samplesfor which various forms of analysis weredone, most of which included informationabout petrographic constituents of thesamples. Of the bedrock units covered inthis report, only the following are notrepresented in data sheets from the Corps:the Cane Hill Member of the HaleFormation, limestone in the Collier Shale,the hornfels zone in the Stanley Shale, theHot Springs Sandstone, the Plattin andKimmswick Limestones, and the SavannaFormation. None of the reports mentionedany constituents that have been identified ascommon producers of ASR (Smith andCollis, 1993, p. 209-211), and 10 data sheetsspecifically stated that there were noconstituents vulnerable to ASR, includingsamples from the following units: the Atoka

Formation, the Bloyd Formation, the Cotterand Powell Dolomites, the EvertonFormation, the Hartshorne Sandstone, theStanley Shale, and nepheline-bearing syeniteof “Granite Mountain”. This is not anextensive sampling, but the apparent paucityof reactive substances in aggregate-supplying formations in Arkansas iscorroborated by the Research Division ofAHTD, for D.W. Lumbert of thatorganization has stated (personalcommunication, 1995) that ASR is not aproblem in Arkansas. Furthermore, a recentSHRP document (Whiting, et al., 1993, p.47) indicates that Arkansas is a state withoutany reported ASR incidences.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, Arkansas has abundantresources for crushed stone aggregate in theInterior Highlands, including the areasassociated with the Cretaceous intrusiveigneous complexes. These resources arepresently adequate to supply the needs ofArkansas, as well as neighboring states thatlack such resources. The bedrock units thathave been extensively used in the past havewide distribution in the State and thus haveample reserves for the foreseeable future,and there are reserves in some units thathave not been significantly utilized. Withinthe region of the Interior Highlands therewill be places where transportation distancesare greater than others, but virtually everypart of this terrane has some units suitablefor aggregate. The most favorable areas forlocation of large long-term quarries forconstruction aggregate will be (1) nearmajor population centers within thePaleozoic region, (2) within the Paleozoicregion along its southern and eastern border(Fig. 2), for advantages in shipping to areasin southern and eastern Arkansas that lack

adequate resources, and (3) along theArkansas River for use of this transportationoption in exporting stone.

Although every part of the InteriorHighlands region has some bedrock unitsthat have proven suitable for a wide varietyof construction applications, some units thatare generally acceptable are nonethelessmore problematic than others. Geologicmaps can be used, along with theinformation in this report, to locate the beststratigraphic units available in a particulararea. However, there are some aspects of thebedrock in these units that are of importanceto the stone industry that are not conveyedby most existing geologic maps. Somematters that would be of benefit to the stoneindustry have been identified herein thatcould be addressed by future research. Theseinclude (1) locating areas in the northeasternOzarks with dolostone that would moreconsistently pass soundness testrequirements, (2) locating zones of abundantdurable chert in the Boone Formation to useas a local source of siliceous aggregate forsurface-course asphalt concrete in northernArkansas, (3) producing geologic maps thatdelineate the surface distribution of thicksandstones within shale-dominated bedrockunits like the Atoka and Bloyd Formations,and (4) determining and mapping the aerialdistribution of the better-cemented portionsof thick sandstones of the JackforkSandstone in the Ouachitas. Information ofthis nature would facilitate exploration forsuitable quarry locations for crushed stoneaggregate.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I owe acknowledgements to manypeople, without whom this project couldnever have been accomplished. First of all, I

wish to acknowledge the great people whoown and operate the aggregate quarries ofArkansas. I received so much help andwilling cooperation from them on many sitevisits. That also goes for the generalpopulation on the back-road byways ofArkansas, as I tracked down quarry sites thathad been abandoned years ago. My sincerethanks to all.

Secondly, I must thank William J.Pay, a geologist with AHTD, not only forhis sharing of data from AHTD, but muchmore for all of the helpful first-handknowledge he shared with me about theaggregate business and matters of materialsquality and the bedrock units of Arkansas.Also David W. Lumbert of AHTD was ofvaluable support from the conception of theproject and onward. Norman F. Williams(deceased), former State Geologist ofArkansas, donated many topographic mapsand a set of geologic worksheets through theArkansas Geological Commission; hisencouragement in the early stages of thisproject was also an important factor ingetting it started. I also received much helpregarding various matters of the geology ofArkansas and its relation to the stoneindustry from the current State Geologist,William V. Bush, and other staff geologistsof the Arkansas Geological Commission,especially Charles G. Stone, John DavidMcFarland, and J. Michael Howard. Severalother geologists and citizens in industry,government, and the private sector havecontributed significantly, including WilliamJ. Willis (Weyerhauser, Inc.), who firstmade me aware of the need for a study ofthis nature, Charles T. Steuart (MalvernMinerals Co.), Robert G.H. Allen (ArkansasDepartment of Pollution Control andEcology), Henry S. deLinde (retired), andRobert S. Fousek (Cornerstone/Benchmark

Materials, Southeast Division). Gary D.Hunt, an Arkansas Tech geology student,did a portion of the field checking of sitelocations in southwestern Arkansas, andTimothy A. Wilson checked latitude andlongitude determinations from plottedquarry sites. Carla G. Terry, AdministrativeAssistant at the Arkansas Center for Energy,Natural Resources, and EnvironmentalStudies (ACENRES) at Arkansas Tech,helped by organizing much of the data usedthroughout the course of the study. Gerald P.Hutchinson, Interim Director of ACENRES,provided moral and material support to theproject, and was involved in review ofnumerous drafts of parts of the manuscript.

REFERENCES

AHTD, 1984, Materials availability study: ArkansasHighway Commission Minute Order 84-263,Arkansas State Highway and TransportationDepartment, Division of Materials andResearch, Little Rock, Arkansas, 181 p.

AHTD, 1993, Standard specifications for highwayconstruction: Arkansas State Highway andTransportation Department, Programs andContracts Division, Little Rock, 794 p.

Boggs, S., 1992, Petrology of sedimentary rocks:Macmillan, New York, 707 p.

Cominsky, R .J., Leahy, R. B., and Harrington, E. T.,1994, Level one mix design: Materialsselection, compaction, and conditioning:Strategic Highway Research Program, SHRP-A-408.

Craig, W. W., and Deliz, M. J., 1988, Post-St. PeterOrdovician strata in the vicinity of Allison,Stone County, Arkansas: Geological Society ofAmerica Centennial Field Guide--South-CentralSection, p. 215-220.

Croneis, C., 1930, Geology of the ArkansasPaleozoic area, with especial reference to oiland gas possibilities: Arkansas GeologicalSurvey Bulletin 3, 457 p.

Danilchik, W., and Haley, B. R., 1964, Geology ofthe Paleozoic area in the Malvern Quadrangle,Garland and Hot Spring Counties, Arkansas:U.S. Geological Survey MiscellaneousGeologic Investigations Map I-405, scale1:48,000.

Erickson, R. L., and Blade, L. V., 1963,Geochemistry and petrology of the alkalicigneous complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas:U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper425, 95 p.

Haley, B. R., 1961, Post-Atoka rocks of northwesternArkansas, in Moore, C. A. (ed.), The Arkomabasin: Proceedings of the 7th biennial geologicalsymposium: School of Geology, University ofOklahoma, p. 115-124.

Haley, B. R., Glick, E. E., Bush, W. V., Clardy, B. F.,Stone, C. G., Woodward, M. B., and Zachry, D.L., 1993, Geologic map of Arkansas: ArkansasGeological Commission and the U.S.Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000 [Revisedfrom 1976 version].

Hendricks, T. A., and Parks, B., 1950, Geology of theFort Smith District, Arkansas: U.S. GeologicalSurvey Professional Paper 221-E, p. 67-94.

Hendricks, T. A., and Read, C. B., 1934,Correlations of Pennsylvanian strata inArkansas and Oklahoma coal fields: Bulletin ofthe American Association of PetroleumGeologists, v. 18, p. 1050-1058.

Kline, S. W., 1996, Geology of resources forcrushed-stone aggregate in Arkansas, in Austin,G.S., Hoffman, G.K., Barker, J.M., Zidek, J.,and Gilson, N. (eds.), Proceedings of the 31stforum on the geology of industrial minerals--Borderland forum: New Mexico Bureau ofMines and Mineral Resources Bulletin 154, p.223-230.

Kruger, J. M., and Keller, G. R., 1986, Regionalgravity anomalies in the Ouachita Mountainsarea, in Stone, C.G., Howard, J.M., and Haley,B.R. (eds.), Sedimentary and igneous rocks ofthe Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas, aguidebook with contributed papers: ArkansasGeological Commission Guidebook 86-2, p. 85-97.

Lumbert, D. W., and Stone, C. G., 1992, Aguidebook to the highway geology at selectedsites in the Boston Mountains and ArkansasValley, northwest Arkansas: ArkansasGeological Commission, Little Rock, 32 p.

Marek, C. R., 1991, Basic properties of aggregate, inBarksdale, R. D. (ed.), The aggregate handbook:National Stone Association, Washington, D.C.,p. 3-1 to 3-81.

Merewether, E. A., 1967, Geology of Knoxvillequadrangle, Johnson and Pope Counties,Arkansas: Arkansas Geological Commission,Information Circular 20-E, 55 p.

Merewether, E. A., and Haley, B. R., 1969, Geologyof the Coal Hill, Hartman, and Clarksvillequadrangles, Johnson County and vicinity,Arkansas: Arkansas Geological Commission,Information Circular 20-H, 27 p.

Miser, H. D., and Purdue, A. H., 1929, Geology ofthe DeQueen and Caddo Gap quadrangles,Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin808, 195 p.

Miser, H. D., and Stose, G. W., 1929, Geologic mapof Arkansas: Arkansas Geological Survey incooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey,Scale 1:500,000.

Nichols, F. P., Jr., 1991, Specifications, standards,and guidelines for aggregate base course andpavement construction, in Barksdale, R. D.(ed.), The aggregate handbook: National StoneAssociation, Washington, D.C., p. 15-1 to 15-33.

Niem, A. R., 1977, Mississippian pyroclastic flowand ash-fall deposits in the deep-marineOuachita flysch basin, Oklahoma and Arkansas:Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 88,p. 49-61.

Pauli, D., 1994, Friable submarine channelsandstones in the Jackfork Group, LynnMountain syncline, Pushmataha and Le FloreCounties, Oklahoma, in Suneson, N. H., andHemish, L. A. (eds.), Geology and resources ofthe eastern Ouachita Mountains frontal belt andsoutheastern Arkoma Basin, Oklahoma:Oklahoma Geological Survey Guidebook 29, p.179-202.

Purdue, A. H., and Miser, H. D., 1923, Hot Springsfolio: U.S. Geological Survey Atlas, folio 215,12 p.

Rowland, T.L., 1972, Chemical and physicalproperties of selected Oklahoma crushed-stoneproducts: Oklahoma Geology Note, v. 32, p.151-155.

Sidder, G. D., and Sims, P. K., 1993, Industrialminerals--today and tomorrow: the rawmaterials to build the upper Midwest--workshopproceedings: Minnesota Geological Survey,Report of Investigations 42, 160 p.

Smith, M. R., and Collis, L., 1993, Aggregates: Sand,gravel, and crushed rock aggregates forconstruction purposes (2nd Edition): GeologicalSociety, Engineering Geology SpecialPublication No. 9, The Geolocial Society,London, 339 p.

Stone, C. G., 1968, The Atoka Formation in north-central Arkansas: Arkansas GeologicalCommission Guidebook 68-1, 11 p.

Stone, C. G., Haley, B. R., Holbrook, D. F, Williams,N. F., Bush, W. V., and McFarland, J. D. (eds.),1977, Symposium on the geology of theOuachita Mountains, Volume 1: Stratigraphy,sedimentology, petrography, tectonics, andpaleontology: Arkansas Geological CommissionMiscellaneous Publication MP-13, 174 p.

Stroud, R. B., Arndt, R. H., Fulkerson, F. B., andDiamond, W. G., 1969, Mineral resources andindustries of Arkansas: U.S. Bureau of Mines,Bulletin 645, 418 p.

Swanson, D. A., and McGehee, N. A., 1993,Projections of the population of Arkansas, bycounty, age, gender, and race: 1990 to 2010:Arkansas Institute for Economic Advancement,Publication 93-14, 24 p.

Tepordei, V. V., 1997, Statistical Compendium--Crushed Stone: US Geological Survey MineralsInformation [on line]. Available at:http://minerals.er.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/stone_crushed/stat/

U.S. Geological Survey, 1997a, Crushed stone andsand and gravel in the first quarter of 1997, inMineral Industry Surveys: US GeologicalSurvey Minerals Information [on line].Available at:http://minerals.er.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/stone_crushed/63004197.pdf

U.S. Geological Survey, 1997b, The mineral industryof Arkansas--1996, in Minerals Yearbook,1997: US Geological Survey MineralsInformation [on line]. Available at:http://minerals.er.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/state/980597.pdf

White, T. D., 1991, Aggregate as a component ofportland cement and asphalt concrete, inBarksdale, R. D., ed, The aggregate handbook:National Stone Association, Washington, D.C.,p.13-1 to 13-69.

Whiting, D.; Todres, A.; Nagi, M.; Yu, T.; Peshkin,D.; Darter, M.; Holm, J.; Andersen, M.; andGeiker, M., 1993, Synthesis of Current andProjected Concrete Highway Technology:Strategic Highway Research Program ReportSHRP-C-345, 103 p.

APPENDIX I

Quarry Location and Bedrock Source Information

This table gives information regarding the location of quarries used in some way forproducing crushed-stone aggregate. Also the geologic bedrock mapping unit is given for eachquarry if it could be determined, and something about the source of the information about thequarry. A description of the various abbreviations used in the table is given here.

Quarry No. The first column gives a quarry identification number assigned to the quarryin this study. Each designation begins with two letters that indicate the county in which thequarry is located. The abbreviations are as follows:

BE = Benton, BN = Boone, BX = Baxter, CB = Cleburne, CF = Crawford, CR = Carroll,CW = Conway, FA = Faulkner, FR = Franklin, FU = Fulton, GA = Garland, HS = HotSpring, HO = Howard, IN = Independence, IZ = Izard, JO = Johnson, LG = Logan, LR =Lawrence, MD = Madison, MG = Montgomery, MR = Marion, NT = Newton, PI = Pike, PK= Polk, PP = Pope, PU = Pulaski, PY = Perry, RD = Randolph, SA = Saline, SB =Sebastian, SC = Scott, SE = Searcy, SH = Sharp, ST = Stone, SV = Sevier, VB = VanBuren, WA = Washington, WH = White, YE = Yell.

Some quarries have an A & B designation. Each is a single operation with either morethan one pit, or a pit with upper and lower parts in different formations. FA03A is an older piton the east side of Black Fork; FA03B is a newer pit on the west side. HS01A is the originalnovaculite pit at the site, while HS01B is excavations in the hornfelsic Stanley Shale. IN01A isthe lower part of the quarry in the Plattin and Kimmswick Limestones; IN01B is the upper partof the same quarry in the Fernvale Limestone. IZ01 is split into IZ01A, the lower part in thePowell Dolomite, and IZ01B, the upper part in the Everton Formation. IZ02 is split into IZ02A,the upper part in the Powell, and IZ02B, the lower part in the mineralized Powell/Cotter contactzone. LG10A is the western of two pits in close proximity and LG10B the eastern, ΑQuarry #1& #2" respectively, as designated by the owners. LR01A is the eastern and older of two pits,LR01B the western and newer. PK01A is in novaculite, and PK01B is a pit in the Hatton Tuff.

A few numbers are listed with “-CCG”. These were operations that crushed creek rock,to produce crushed-stone aggregate. These operations were included only if it seemed that largecreek rocks were used and that they would have come only from one bedrock unit, so thatengineering tests on the crushed rock would be representative of that formation.

One quarry overlaps the boundary of two counties and is thus designated with a numberindicating each county. It is listed twice, as LN01/PU05 and as PU05/LN01.

Quadrangle. This column indicates which USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle thesite can be found. There is for most a corresponding Arkansas Geological Commission geologicworksheet; in a few areas the worksheet is a 15 minute quadrangle map.

Township/Range. The quarry’s location is given in this column according to the USFederal Rectangular Survey (General Land Office Grid System). This designation, as givenhere, is based on the position of the quarry with respect to the grid system as shown on the USGSquadrangle maps, not based on any legal description. A designation such as “W2, NE3, SW3,Sec 11, T9N, R25W” means Αthe western half of the northeast quarter of the southwest quarterof Section 11, in the land block designated T9N, R25W. If a site seems to lie on a borderbetween two parcels of land, it is designated with a “/”. For example, “SE3 Sec 11/SW3 Sec 12"means the site is on the border between the southeast quarter of Section 11 and the southwestquarter of Section 12. Similarly, if a quarry is large and occupies significant parts of twoadjacent parcels of land, a “-“ is put between the designations of the two parcels.

Latitude and Longitude. These columns are used to give the quarry location asprecisely as possible in terms of latitude and longitude. Some quarries were not field checkedand did not have corroborating quadrangle map symbols, but their location is given in AHTD=sMaterials Availability Study (MAS) or another source. For these, what is listed is the latitude andlongitude (with a designation “ca”) at the center of the quarter section that was indicated, or alikely spot for it to be in that indicated area. However, in some of these situations, a topographicfeature on the quadrangle map was seen that is suggestive of a quarry, more-or-lesscorresponding with the given location. In these cases, the topographic feature’s coordinates aregiven and accepted as accurate.

Cor. If a quarry symbol on the USGS quadrangle corroborates the location given, a Q isplaced in this column. If a symbol on the county map corroborates the location, a C is indicated. If the location was field checked, an F is indicated. If the location was given by a reputableprofessional and considered to be reasonably accurate, the letter P is indicated. If the locationgiven corresponds to a topographic feature that can be recognized as being derived from quarryactivities, a T is indicated. Where none of these forms of corroborating information supports thelocation, an N is listed, and the latitude and longitude column has “ca”.

Rock Unit. This column indicates the geologic bedrock map unit in which the quarry islocated, as indicated by plotting the quarry’s position on a geologic worksheet. In some parts ofthe State, the Atoka Formation is divided into Upper, Middle, and Lower Division; in such cases,this is indicated in the table. The symbol Η is used to indicate sites that according to thegeologic worksheet are in a different unit than what was observed to be in the quarry. Thereason for the discrepancy is either incorrect mapping or the stripping off of the surface layer(which is what was mapped) to get at the underlying formation which was actually utilized; therock unit that was apparently utilized is what is designated in this appendix.

Activ. This indicates activity as of summer 1997: AC = active; IN = inactive; UN =undeveloped (samples in such cases being either cores or samples taken from an exposed ledge).

Corps Map No. & Corps No. These columns indicate quarries for which Corps ofEngineers data sheets are available. The pair of numbers under “Corps Map No.” designateswhich 11 X 11 locator map the quarry is on, the numbers representing respectively the latitude

and longitude of the southern and eastern margins of the map. The number in the next column isthe number on that map used to designate the particular quarry. In some cases, investigationrevealed that the same site was designated with a different number in different years, so morethan one number may appear in this column.

AHTD Suppl. This column indicates whether or not the quarry was or is used forbidding on AHTD contracts, that is, whether or not there is some record of this quarry with theAHTD. An asterisk with Y means that the quarry is mentioned in the MAS. In some cases therewas a question as to whether or not a particular quarry was the one that was indicated in theMAS; for these a “?” was included with an educated guess. In other cases, a quarry might havebeen located by other means, and persons interviewed may have been uncertain as to whether ornot the stone was used in AHTD jobs.

QU

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¼, S

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8, T

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21

W36

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93°1

3'55

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36"

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16,

T 2

1 N

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0 W

36°2

8'02

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°06'

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QC

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W36

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92°5

7'57

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92°5

5'43

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19

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13

W36

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T 1

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36°1

7'11

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°19'

17"

QC

Pow

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SW

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Sec

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12

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36°0

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°17'

55"

CF

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T 2

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36°2

5'27

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°21'

21"

QC

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36

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43"

92°1

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36°1

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36°0

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CF

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36°1

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91°5

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35-9

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NB

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-91

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17,

T 1

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W35

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T 9

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92°0

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35

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92°1

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35

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91°5

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6'40

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43"

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IN35

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92°0

8'53

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Spr

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31,

T 1

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35

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19"

92°0

5'48

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92°0

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11

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57"

96°0

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35°3

6'48

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48"

QC

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INY

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35

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91°5

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Con

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Sec

11,

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35

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91°4

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CF

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94°1

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35°3

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°13'

52"

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35°2

7'55

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QC

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35°4

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35°3

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34°1

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NA

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34-9

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34°1

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34°0

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QC

Jack

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34°0

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QC

Jack

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36°2

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QC

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36

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93°5

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36°1

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36°2

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92°5

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35

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92°4

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CW

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Men

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15

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92°3

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35°2

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35°1

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92°3

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35°1

5'11

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37"

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16

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92°3

9'15

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35

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92°3

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35

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92°3

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14

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35°1

0'40

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QC

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35°1

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35°0

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35

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92°4

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N, R

15

W35

°26'

41"

92°3

2'09

"Q

FA

tkoa

Fm

IN?

CW

22

Cle

vela

ndS

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 2

3, T

9 N

, R 1

6 W

35°2

4'36

"92

°40'

20"

CF

Atk

oa F

mIN

YC

W2

3C

leve

land

SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

8, T

9 N

, R 1

6 W

35°2

6'04

"92

°42'

54"

QC

Atk

oa F

mIN

?

FA

01G

uyS

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 1

1, T

8 N

, R 1

3 W

35°2

0'41

"92

°20'

36"

QF

Atk

oa F

mIN

35-9

23

N?

FA

02D

amas

cus

NW

¼/S

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

9, T

8 N

, R 1

3 W

35°1

7'49

"92

°24'

05"

CF

Atk

oa F

mA

C35

-92

5, 1

2Y

FA

03A

Hol

land

NE

¼,

Sec

24,

T 7

N,

R 1

3 W

35

°13'

58"

92°1

9'38

"C

FA

toka

(U

pper

)IN

35-9

29

Y*

FA

03B

Hol

land

NE

¼, S

ec 2

4, T

7 N

, R 1

3 W

35°1

3'51

"92

°19'

48"

CF

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INY

*F

A04

Fou

rche

NW

¼/S

W¼

, SW

¼, S

ec 1

3, T

4 N

, R 1

5 W

34°5

8'54

"92

°33'

38"

QA

toka

(M

iddl

e)IN

Y*

FA

06F

ourc

heN

E¼

/SE

¼, S

ec 1

9, T

4 N

, R 1

4 W

34°5

8'10

"92

°31'

48"

QC

Ato

ka (

Low

er)

IN34

-92

16Y

FA

07H

amle

tS

W¼

, S

ec 1

1 -

NW

¼,

Sec

14,

T 5

N,

R 1

2 W

35

°04'

21"

92°1

5'17

"Q

CF

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

AC

YF

A08

Vilo

nia

S½

, SE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

15,

T 5

N, R

11

W35

°03'

28"

92°0

9'28

"F

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INN

FA

09R

ose

Bud

SE

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

24,

T 8

N,

R 1

1 W

35

°18'

18"

92°0

7'20

"Q

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INY

*F

A10

Hol

land

S½

, N

W¼

, N

E¼

, S

ec 1

0, T

6 N

, R

12

W

35°1

0'18

'92

°15'

53"

QA

toka

(U

pper

)IN

Y*

FA

11M

ayflo

wer

N½

, NW

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

6, T

3 N

, R 1

3 W

34°5

5'24

"92

°26'

21"

QC

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INY

*F

A12

May

flow

erN

E¼

, Sec

28,

T 4

N, R

14

W34

°57'

32"

92°2

9'59

"Q

CA

toka

(U

pper

)IN

Y*

FA

13G

reen

brie

rN

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 1

6, T

7 N

, R 1

3 W

35°1

4'51

"92

°22'

46"

QF

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INY

*

FA

14G

leas

onS

W¼

, Sec

18,

T 5

N, R

14

W35

°03'

57"

92°3

2'22

"Q

CA

toka

(M

iddl

e)IN

N?

FA

15G

uyS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

1, T

8 N

, R 1

3 W

35°2

0'16

"92

°20'

51"

QF

Atk

oa F

mIN

N?

FR

01H

unt

SE

¼, S

W¼

- S

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

3, T

10

N, R

26

W35

°30'

32"

93°4

3'57

"C

FH

arts

horn

e S

sA

CY

FR

02O

zark

NE

¼,

Sec

19,

T 9

N,

R 2

6 W

35

°26'

03"

93°4

8'00

"Q

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INN

FR

03O

zark

S½

, S

W¼

, S

W¼

, S

ec 1

6, T

9 N

, R

26

W

35°2

6'16

"93

°46'

35"

QC

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

IN35

-93

7Y

*F

R04

Oza

rkN

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 1

, T 8

N, R

27

W

35°2

3'57

" 93

°48'

36"

QF

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*F

R05

Cra

vens

SW

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

2, T

10

N, R

28

W35

°33'

33"

93°5

6'56

"Q

Ato

ka F

mIN

Y*

FR

06M

ulbe

rry

SW

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

1,

T 8

N,

R 2

9 W

35

°23'

41"

94°0

2'15

"Q

CF

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*F

R07

Bra

nch

SW

¼, N

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 1

3, T

7 N

, R 2

8 W

*Q

35°1

7'07

"93

°56'

07"

TM

cAle

ster

Fm

INY

*F

R08

Mou

ntai

nbur

g S

EN

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 3

5, T

11

N, R

29

W35

°34'

50"

94°0

2'30

"Q

FA

toka

Fm

INY

FR

09M

ount

ainb

urg

SE

S½

, NE

¼, S

W¼

,Sec

25,

T 1

1 N

, R 2

9 W

35°3

5'33

"94

°01'

58"

QC

FA

toka

Fm

INY

FR

10Y

ale

NW

¼/S

W¼

, Sec

22,

T 1

2 N

, R 2

6 W

35°4

1'24

"93

°44'

52"

FA

tkoa

Fm

AC

Y

FU

01G

epp

NW

¼,

SE

¼,

Sec

13,

T 2

0 N

, R

11

W

36°2

3'48

"92

°06'

17"

CF

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U02

Gep

pS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

3, T

21

N, R

11

W36

°27'

53"

92°0

7'20

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U03

Sal

emS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 3

1, T

20

N, R

7 W

36°2

0'30

"91

°46'

15"

QC

otte

r D

olom

iteIN

Y*

FU

04S

alem

NW

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

34,

T 2

0 N

, R

8 W

36

°20'

50"

91°5

0'05

"Q

CC

otte

r D

olom

iteIN

Y*

FU

05W

irth

NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

15/

NW

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W¼

, Sec

14,

T 2

0 N

, R 5

W36

°23'

12"

91°2

9'20

"Q

FC

otte

r D

olom

iteIN

Y*

FU

06M

amm

oth

Spr

ing

NE

¼,

Sec

21,

T 2

0 N

, R

6 W

36

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40"

91°3

7'26

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U07

Agn

osN

½, S

W¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 3

1, T

19

N, R

6 W

36°1

5'49

"91

°39'

42"

QC

otte

r D

olom

iteIN

Y*

FU

08V

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SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

19,

T 2

1 N

, R 9

W36

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47"

91°5

8'46

"Q

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U09

Mam

mot

h S

prin

gN

W¼

/SW

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E¼

, Sec

15,

T 2

1 N

, R 6

W36

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53"

91°3

6'28

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

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INY

*F

U10

Agn

osN

W¼

, S

E¼

, S

ec 8

, T

19

N,

R 6

W

36°1

8'57

" 91

°38'

42"

CF

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U11

Sal

em K

nob

NW

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

26,

T 2

1 N

, R 8

W36

°27'

26"

91°4

9'04

"Q

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*F

U12

Stu

art

SW

¼,

SE

¼,

Sec

12,

T 1

9 N

, R

6 W

36

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33"

91°3

4'17

"Q

FC

otte

r D

olom

iteIN

YF

U13

Ca

mp

NW

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

31,

T 2

1 N

, R

6 W

36

°26'

28"

91°4

0'11

"Q

FC

otte

r D

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iteIN

?

GA

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bly

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31

GA

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Pin

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, NW

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4, T

1 S

., R

20

W34

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20"

93°0

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FW

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(Ls

)IN

34-9

32

YG

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Cat

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8, T

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., R

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W

34°2

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51"

QF

Hot

Spr

ings

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GA

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18

W

34°3

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37"

QC

FA

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Nov

acul

iteIN

YG

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Fou

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6, T

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., R

18

W

34°3

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28"

QA

rkan

sas

Nov

acul

iteIN

YG

A07

Mou

ntai

n P

ine

SE

¼, S

W¼

/SW

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E¼

, Sec

9, T

2 S

., R

20

W34

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06"

93°0

8'49

"Q

FH

ot S

prin

gs S

sIN

Y

HO

01G

illha

m D

amN

W¼

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32,

T 6

S.,

R 3

0 W

34°1

2'16

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94°1

3'30

" ca

NS

tanl

ey F

mU

N?

34-9

48

NH

O02

Gill

ham

Dam

NW

¼,

NE

¼,

Sec

29,

T 6

S.,

R 3

0 W

34

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05"

94°1

2'56

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Sta

nley

Fm

IN34

-94

19N

HS

01-A

Mal

vern

Nor

thS

½, N

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

9, T

3 S

., R

17

W

34°2

6'01

"92

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59"

CF

Ark

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s N

ovac

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INY

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vern

Nor

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¼, S

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9, T

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., R

17

W34

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12"

92°5

1'15

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nley

Fm

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AC

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ec 1

4, T

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., R

19

W34

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93°0

0'36

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fork

Ss

IN34

-93

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HS

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rn N

orth

N½

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¼, N

W¼

, Sec

34,

T 3

S.,

R 1

7 W

34°2

5'31

"92

°49'

17"

QC

Ark

ansa

s N

ovac

ulite

AC

Y*

HS

04M

alve

rn N

orth

SW

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

29,

T 3

S.

R 1

7 W

34

°26'

17"

92°5

1'48

"F

Sye

nite

INN

HS

05M

alve

rn N

orth

S½

, SE

¼, N

W¼

,Sec

9, T

4 S

., R

17

W34

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42"

92°5

0'23

"Q

Ark

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s N

ovac

ulite

INY

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S06

Hem

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lace

SE

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5, T

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., R

20

W

34°2

2'50

"93

°07'

33"

FA

rkan

sas

Nov

acul

iteIN

Y*

HS

07M

alve

rn N

orth

SW

¼, S

ec 8

, T 3

S. R

16

W34

°28'

43"

92°4

5'05

"Q

PA

rkan

sas

Nov

acul

iteA

CY

IN01

AB

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ville

/Sul

phur

Roc

kSW

¼, S

ec 3

4, T

14

N, R

6 W

35°4

8'33

"91

°37'

30"

QC

Pla

ttin

/Kim

msw

ick

AC

YIN

01B

Bat

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lle/S

ulph

ur R

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W¼

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4, T

14

N,

R 6

W

35°4

8'33

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30"

QC

Fer

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eA

CY

IN02

Bat

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lle/B

ethe

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N½

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, T

13

N,

R 7

W

35°4

7'30

"91

°45'

00"

QC

Boo

ne F

mA

CY

IN03

Sal

ado

W½

, SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

14,

T 1

2 N

, R 6

W35

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46"

91°3

6'18

"Q

CP

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Ls

AC

35-9

113

YIN

04C

ord

SW

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

17,

T 1

4 N

, R 3

W35

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52"

91°2

0'15

" F

Pla

ttin

LsIN

YIN

05O

lyph

ant

SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

2, T

11

N, R

5 W

35°3

6'09

"91

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54"

CF

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in L

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35-9

111

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Cor

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, T 1

4 N

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W

35°5

1'40

"91

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02"

QC

FP

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n Ls

AC

YIN

07C

ord

NE

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7, T

14

N, R

3 W

35°5

1'22

"91

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02"

FP

latti

n Ls

INY

IN08

Cor

dS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

7, T

14

N, R

3 W

35°5

0'57

"91

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42"

FP

latti

n Ls

INY

*IN

09C

onco

rdN

W¼

, S

ec 3

0, T

13

N,

R 7

W

35°4

3'46

"91

°46'

41"

QC

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

IN10

Sal

ado

SE

¼,

Sec

21,

T 1

2 N

, R

5 W

35

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45"

91°3

1'42

"F

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

IN11

Cha

rlotte

NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

23,

T 1

4 N

, R 4

W35

°50'

14"

91°2

2'38

"Q

FP

latti

n Ls

INY

*IN

12H

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NE

¼, N

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34,

T 1

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W35

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37"

91°3

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UN

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17

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W

36°0

9'13

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QC

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W

36°0

9'13

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12"

QC

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CY

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AM

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SW

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T 1

8 N

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W36

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17"

91°4

1'27

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FP

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AC

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18

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36

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91°4

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SE

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4 N

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W35

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10"

91°5

1'16

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CF

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ale

LsIN

35-9

11

NIZ

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t. P

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ant/G

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Cen

ter,

Sec

5, T

14

N, R

8 W

35°5

3'27

"91

°52'

30"

QC

Pla

ttin

LsIN

35-9

16

NIZ

05Z

ion

SE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

15,

T 1

6 N

, R 8

W36

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57"

91°4

9'41

" F

Eve

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Fm

AC

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ion

NW

¼, N

E¼

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20,

T 1

6 N

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W

36°0

1'41

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35"

FP

latti

n Ls

INY

IZ07

Myr

onN

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

6, T

18

N, R

7 W

36°1

1'05

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40"

QC

FP

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l Dol

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INY

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rk D

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18

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1 W

36

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25"

92°0

9'25

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Eve

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Fm

INY

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09M

ount

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asan

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, Sec

9, T

15

N, R

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35

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34"

91°5

0'53

" Q

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Fm

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5, T

16

N, R

10

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34"

92°0

1'40

" F

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Fm

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E¼

, NE

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0, T

18

N, R

9 W

36°1

4'30

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41"

FP

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l Dol

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INY

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13P

inev

ille

NE

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W¼

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9, T

18

N, R

10

W

36°1

4'06

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48"

FE

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on F

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Y*

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Mel

bour

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E¼

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18,

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6 N

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W

36°0

2'03

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54"

FE

vert

on F

mIN

Y*

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Zio

nS

W¼

, S

E¼

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ec 3

2, T

17

N,

R 2

7 W

36

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29"

91°4

5'41

"F

Pow

ell D

olom

iteIN

Y

JO01

Cla

rksv

ille

N½

, NW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

27,

T 1

0 N

, R 2

3 W

35°2

9'34

"93

°25'

39"

FH

arts

horn

e S

sA

C?

JO02

Cla

rksv

ille

NE

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

27,

T 1

0 N

, R 2

3 W

35°2

9'33

"93

°25'

51"

FH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

YJO

03C

lark

svill

eN

W¼

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E¼

, Sec

27,

T 1

0 N

, R 2

3 W

35

°29'

24"

93°2

5'36

" F

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*JO

04C

lark

svill

eN

E¼

, Sec

23,

T 9

N, R

23

W

35°2

5'24

" 93

°24'

22"

FS

avan

nah

Fm

INY

*JO

05H

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E¼

, NW

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6, T

10

N, R

25

W

35°2

9'23

"93

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36"

FH

arts

horn

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sIN

Y*

JO06

Har

tman

SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

8, T

9 N

, R 2

4 W

35°2

6'54

"93

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17"

FH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

Y*

JO07

Har

tman

NW

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ec 1

7, T

9 N

, R 2

4 W

35

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32"

93°3

4'41

"F

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

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08H

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ony

SW

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, T 1

0 N

, R 2

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35°3

2'54

"93

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41"

QH

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horn

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sIN

Y*

JO09

Ozo

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W¼

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8, T

12

N, R

23

W35

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41"

93°2

7'03

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oa F

mIN

Y*

JO10

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eS

W¼

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W¼

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ec 3

2, T

9 N

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22

W

35°2

3'32

"93

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02"

FS

avan

nah

Fm

INY

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11H

agar

ville

NW

¼,

SW

¼,

NW

¼,

Se

c 1

, T

10

N,

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35

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10"

93°1

7'31

"F

Atk

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mIN

YJO

12C

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illN

W¼

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W¼

, Sec

30,

T 9

N, R

25

W35

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43"

93°4

2'28

"Q

CH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

Y

LG01

Har

tman

NW

¼ -

NE

¼,

Sec

12,

T 8

N,

R 2

5 W

35

°22'

44"

93°3

6'20

"C

FS

avan

nah

Fm

INY

LG02

Del

awar

eN

E¼

, SE

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ec 2

0, T

8 N

, R 2

2 W

35

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55"

93°2

1'02

"C

FH

arts

horn

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sA

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9Y

LG03

Scr

anto

nS

E¼

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34

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W¼

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35,

T 8

N, R

24

W35

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32"

93°3

1'30

"Q

CH

arts

horn

e S

sA

CY

LG04

Del

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eN

E¼

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26,

T 8

N, R

22

W ?

35°1

9'22

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93°1

7'59

" ca

Har

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Ss

UN

35-9

33

NLG

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SW

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NW

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Sec

8,

T 8

N,

R 2

6 W

35

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45"

93°4

7'11

"Q

CF

Har

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Ss

INY

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NW

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, NW

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N, R

26

W35

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02"

93°4

7'08

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FH

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sIN

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LG07

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E¼

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26 W

35

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32"

93°4

7'40

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CH

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horn

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sIN

35-9

36

N?

LG08

Mag

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25

W

35°1

0'32

"93

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13"

CF

Sav

anna

h F

mIN

Y*

LG09

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ille

NW

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4, T

7 N

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7 W

35°1

8'52

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14"

QF

Sav

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h F

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CY

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E¼

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6, T

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35°2

3'44

"93

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56"

QC

FH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

YLG

10B

Oza

rkN

W¼

, SW

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E¼

, Sec

6, T

8 N

, R 2

6 W

35°2

3'41

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46"

FH

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92°0

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Mid

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NW

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Se

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W

35°0

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34"

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Mid

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INY

LN03

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2, T

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35

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91°5

9'36

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Ato

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Mid

dle)

INY

LR01

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1, T

18

N, R

1 W

36°0

9'13

"91

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42"

QC

Pow

ell D

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01B

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, Sec

36,

T 1

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W36

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21"

91°0

8'38

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CP

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l Dol

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AC

36-9

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91°0

9'34

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AC

36-9

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25,

T 1

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W36

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91°0

8'45

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Pow

ell D

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SE

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17

N, R

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36°0

6'33

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QE

vert

on F

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36-9

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E¼

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17

N,

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W

36°0

5'27

"91

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38"

QC

Eve

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Fm

IN36

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6N

LR06

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NE

¼,

Sec

31,

T 1

6 N

, R

3 W

35

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33"

91°2

0'27

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Eve

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Fm

INY

LR07

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den

SW

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12,

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W36

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37"

91°0

9'02

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Pow

ell D

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MD

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19,

T 1

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36°0

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14"

QC

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24

W

36°0

5'53

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24"

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17,

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36°0

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FB

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N, R

27

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93°5

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36°1

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93°5

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26

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36

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93°3

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17

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26

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24

W

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34

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93°3

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Pow

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36-9

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SW

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36°1

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FP

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SE

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36°1

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36

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36

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36°1

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36

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36°2

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SW

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35°5

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93°0

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36°0

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34°0

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34

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93°4

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34

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20

W

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e S

sIN

Y*

PP

06R

usse

llvill

e E

ast

N½

, NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

27,

T 8

N, R

20

W35

°18'

49"

93°0

6'11

"Q

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

P07

Rus

sellv

ille

Eas

tN

W¼

, S

E¼

, S

ec 2

6, T

8 N

, R

20

W

35°1

8'45

"93

°05'

32"

QH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

Y*

PP

08R

usse

llvill

e W

est

SW

¼,

NE

¼,

Sec

28,

T 8

N,

R 2

0 W

35

°19'

01"

93°0

7'39

" F

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

P09

Rus

sellv

ille

Wes

tN

½, N

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 3

0, T

8 N

, R 2

0 W

35°1

9'20

"93

°10'

19"

QC

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

P10

Del

awar

eS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

8, T

8 N

, R 2

1 W

35°2

0'23

"93

°16'

08"

QC

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

P11

Del

awar

eN

E¼

, Sec

24,

T 8

N, R

22

W35

°20'

13"

ca93

°17'

01"

caN

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

P12

Dov

erS

W¼

, SE

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

34,

T 9

N, R

20

W35

°23'

14"

93°0

6'12

" F

Atk

oa F

mIN

Y*

PP

13D

over

SW

¼/S

E¼

, S

W¼

, S

ec 2

6, T

9 N

, R

20

W

35°2

3'41

"93

°05'

44"

FA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*P

P14

Atk

ins

SE

¼, N

W¼

, - N

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

5, T

7 N

, R 1

9 W

35°1

3'31

"92

°58'

14"

QC

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INY

*P

P15

Mor

elan

dN

E¼

, S

ec 1

2, T

8 N

, R

19

W

35°2

1'27

"92

°57'

42"

FA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*P

P16

Sol

oS

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 3

, T 1

1 N

, R 1

8 W

35

°37'

24"

92°5

3'04

"Q

CB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

PP

17S

and

Gap

NE

¼,

Sec

2,

T 1

2 N

, R

20

W

35°4

3'19

"93

°04'

57"

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

)IN

Y*

PP

18T

reat

SW

NE

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

24,

T 1

0 N

, R

21

W

35°3

0'37

"93

°10'

56"

FA

toka

Fm

INY

PP

19R

usse

llvill

e W

est

SE

¼,

Sec

2,

T 8

N,

R 2

1 W

35

°22'

13"

93°1

1'29

"F

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INN

PP

20M

orel

and

NE

¼, S

ec 1

2, T

8 N

, R 1

9 W

35°2

1'29

"92

°57'

54"

CF

Ato

ka F

mIN

Y

PU

01Li

ttle

Roc

kE

½, S

W¼

- W

½, S

E¼

- S

W¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 2

6, T

1 N

, R 1

2 W34

°41'

08"

92°1

5'49

"Q

CS

yeni

teA

C34

-92

9, 1

2Y

PU

02Li

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Roc

kN

E¼

, S

ec 3

4/N

W¼

, S

ec 3

5, T

1 N

, R

12

W

34°4

0'37

"92

°16'

24"

QC

Sye

nite

AC

34-9

214

, 17,

5Y

PU

03Li

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Roc

kE

½, E

½, S

ec 2

8 -

NW

¼, S

ec 2

7, T

1 N

, R 1

2 W

34°4

1'34

"92

°17'

21"

QC

Sye

nite

AC

YP

U04

Sw

eet H

ome

NW

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

17,

T 1

N, R

11

W34

°42'

52"

92°1

3'04

"Q

Sye

nite

AC

34-9

215

YP

U05

/LN

01C

abot

Par

ts o

f Sec

21,

22,

& 2

3, T

4 N

, R 1

0 W

34

°57'

59"

92°0

4'31

"Q

CA

toka

(M

iddl

e)A

CY

PU

06N

orth

Litt

le R

ock

SW

¼, S

ec 2

, T 2

N, R

13

W34

°49'

48"

92°2

2'16

"Q

Jack

fork

Ss

AC

34-9

211

YP

U07

Ale

xand

erS

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 2

4, T

1 N

, R 1

4 W

34

°42'

39"

92°2

6'57

"Q

FA

rkan

sas

Nov

acul

iteA

CN

PU

08C

anno

t loc

ate

Can

not l

ocat

e34

-92

1P

U09

Nor

th L

ittle

Roc

kN

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 2

8, T

2 N

, R 1

2 W

34°4

6'51

"92

°18'

15"

QJa

ckfo

rk S

sIN

34-9

23

Y?

PU

10N

orth

Litt

le R

ock

N½

, Sec

8, T

2 N

, R 1

2 W

34°4

9'15

"92

°18'

23"

TJa

ckfo

rk S

sIN

34-9

26

NP

U11

Sw

eet H

ome

E½

, NE

¼, S

ec 3

6, T

1 N

, R 1

2 W

34°4

0'22

"92

°14'

21"

QS

yeni

teIN

34-9

210

NP

U12

Ale

xand

erN

W¼

, SW

¼, S

ec 1

9, T

1 N

, R 1

3 W

34°4

2'26

"92

°26'

39"

QF

Ark

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s N

ovac

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INY

PY

01G

leas

onN

E¼

, S

W¼

, S

ec 2

, T

5 N

, R

15

W

35°0

6'09

"92

°34'

01"

CF

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

AC

YP

Y02

Gle

ason

NW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

16,

T 5

N, R

15

W

35°0

4'26

"92

°35'

53"

CF

Ato

ka (

Low

er)

AC

35-9

27?

NP

Y03

Hou

ston

SW

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

35,

T 5

N, R

16

W35

°01'

46"

92°4

0'13

"Q

CA

toka

(M

iddl

e)IN

Y*

PY

04H

oust

onN

½,

NW

¼,

Sec

21,

T 5

N,

R 1

6 W

35

°04'

08"

92°4

2'34

"Q

CA

toka

(Lo

wer

)IN

Y*

PY

05N

imro

d D

amS

E¼

, Sec

33,

T 4

N, R

20

W

34°5

7'01

"93

°07'

56"

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

)U

NY

PY

06M

artin

dale

SW

¼,

NE

¼,

Sec

18,

T 4

N,

R 1

5 W

34

°59'

31"

92°3

8'13

"Q

FA

toka

(U

pper

)IN

YP

Y07

Cas

aN

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 3

0, T

5 N

, R 1

9 W

35°0

3'12

"93

°03'

17"

CF

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

INY

*P

Y08

Gle

ason

NW

¼, N

E¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

5, T

5 N

, R 1

5 W

35

°04'

24"

92°3

4'47

"C

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

)IN

Y*

PY

09F

ourc

heN

E¼

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¼, S

ec 1

6, T

4 N

, R 1

5 W

34°5

9'22

"92

°36'

03"

QC

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INN

RD

01R

aven

den

Spr

ings

SE

SE

¼, S

ec 2

1, T

19

N, R

1 W

36°1

6'09

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91°0

4'44

" ca

NC

otte

r D

olom

iteU

N36

-91

2N

RD

02P

ocah

onta

sN

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

5, T

19

N, R

1 E

.36

°17'

13"

90°5

7'28

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*R

D03

May

nard

NW

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

10, T

20

N, R

1 E

. 36

°23'

56"

90°5

7'17

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

*R

D04

Sup

ply

SW

¼, S

ec 2

8, T

21

N, R

2 E

. 36

°25'

58"

90°5

2'14

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

INY

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D05

War

m S

prin

gsS

E¼

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ec 8

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20

N,

R 1

W

36°2

3'29

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13"

QC

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ter

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omite

INY

*R

D06

Poc

ahon

tas

NE

¼, N

W¼

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16,

T 1

9 N

, R 1

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36°1

7'48

"90

°58'

53"

QF

Cot

ter

Dol

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INY

RD

07P

ocah

onta

sN

E¼

, SW

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W¼

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ec 2

2, T

19

N, R

1 E

. 36

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27"

90°5

7'40

"Q

Cot

ter

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IN?

RD

08P

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4, T

19

N, R

1 E

. 36

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90°5

6'09

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ter

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INN

RD

09P

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W¼

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¼, S

ec 1

1, T

19

N, R

1 E

.36

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52"

90°5

6'22

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Cot

ter

Dol

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IN?

RD

10R

aven

den

Spr

ings

SE

NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

28,

T 2

0 N

, R 1

W36

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11"

91°0

4'43

"Q

CF

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ter

Dol

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SA

01G

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Mou

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E¼

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ec 3

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34

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56"

92°5

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For

k C

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AC

YS

A02

Par

onS

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17

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34°4

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Che

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YS

A03

Tra

skw

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NW

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W¼

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9, T

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., R

16

W34

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49"

92°4

4'08

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PA

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sas

Nov

acul

iteIN

y

SB

01G

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woo

dS

E¼

, Sec

32

- S

W¼

, Sec

33,

T 7

N, R

31

W35

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28"

94°1

8'55

"F

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

AC

35-9

411

YS

B02

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35-9

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tion

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6, T

6 N

, R 3

0 W

35°0

8'44

" 94

°08'

57"

CF

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INY

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B06

Sou

th F

ort S

mith

SE

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

23,

T 8

N,

R 3

2 W

35

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50"

94°2

2'41

"Q

McA

lest

er F

mIN

Y*

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NW

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, T 8

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29

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21"

94°0

6'48

"Q

CF

Har

tsho

rne

Ss

IN?

SB

08A

lma

NW

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

31,

T 9

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R 2

9 W

35

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94°0

7'40

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FH

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horn

e S

sIN

Y*

SB

09M

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4,

T 8

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R 2

9 W

35

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21"

94°0

5'38

"Q

FH

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horn

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sIN

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SC

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0 W

34°

55'1

5"94

°09'

47"

QC

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1, T

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34°4

5'12

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FJa

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GH

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1, T

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30

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34°5

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16"

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GW

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NW

¼,

Sec

20,

T 4

N,

R 2

9 W

34

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44"

94°0

6'09

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lest

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Y*

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CG

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3, T

1 N

, R 2

9 W

34°4

4'05

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°02'

55"

FJa

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rk S

s-C

CG

INY

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C06

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GF

reed

om M

ount

ain

SE

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

22,

T 3

N, R

27

W34

°54'

03"

93°5

1'36

"Q

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

)-C

CG

INY

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SE

01C

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ome/

Har

riet

Ctr

. S

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0, T

16

N,

R 1

4 W

36

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00"

92°3

0'41

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ttin

LsIN

Y*

SE

02W

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prin

gsS

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 3

, T 1

3 N

, R 1

7 W

35°4

8'13

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°47'

06"

QC

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

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E03

Lesl

ieN

E¼

, SW

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

20,

T 1

4 N

, R 1

5 W

36°5

0'36

"92

°35'

57"

FP

itkin

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Fay

ette

ville

Fm

pIN

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04S

now

ball

NW

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15

N, R

17

W35

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39"

92°4

9'18

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mIN

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W¼

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¼, N

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20,

T 1

6 N

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7 W

36°0

1'10

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21"

FB

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Fm

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now

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8, T

15

N, R

17

W35

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02"

92°4

7'18

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YS

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Alre

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E¼

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¼, S

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8, T

13

N, R

16

W

35°4

4'47

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04"

CF

Blo

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AC

Y

SH

01R

aven

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SW

¼,

Sec

36,

T 1

9 N

, R

4 W

36

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53"

91°2

1'57

"Q

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

IN36

-91

1Y

SH

02A

sh F

lat

SE

¼, S

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E¼

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1, T

18

N, R

6 W

36°1

4'10

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°34'

32"

FC

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r D

olom

iteA

CY

SH

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SW

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W36

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91°2

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FC

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YS

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1, T

16

N,

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W

36°0

2'32

" 91

°29'

01"

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Fm

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H05

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5, T

18

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36°1

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°23'

55"

FC

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r D

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iteIN

Y*

SH

06E

veni

ng S

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NE

¼, S

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6, T

16

N, R

5 W

36°0

3'37

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°33'

08"

FE

vert

on F

mIN

Y*

SH

07A

sh F

lat

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15,

T 1

8 N

, R 6

W36

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58"

91°3

6'08

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Cot

ter

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H08

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9, T

16

N, R

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36°0

0'45

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41"

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Fm

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H09

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16

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W

36°0

0'17

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50"

FE

vert

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0, T

16

N, R

6 W

36°0

0'10

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16"

FE

vert

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Y*

SH

11A

sh F

lat

SE

¼, N

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4, T

17

N, R

5 W

36°0

9'21

"91

°30'

39"

FC

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r D

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Y*

SH

12A

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SW

¼, S

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2, T

18

N, R

5 W

36°0

9'53

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°32'

44"

FC

otte

r D

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iteIN

Y*

SH

13E

veni

ng S

hade

SE

¼, S

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, Sec

23,

T 1

6 N

, R 6

W

36°0

0'52

"91

°35'

24"

QF

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Fm

INY

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tN

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ec 2

2, T

18

N, R

6 W

36

°11'

59"

91°3

6'24

"F

Cot

ter

Dol

omite

UN

Y

ST

01S

ylam

ore

NW

¼,

Sec

31,

T 1

6 N

, R

10

W

35°5

8'56

"92

°05'

26"

FE

vert

on F

mIN

YS

T02

Dra

sco

NW

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

19,

T 1

3 N

, R 9

W35

°44'

51"

91°5

3'12

" F

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

ST

03M

ount

ain

Vie

w S

WS

E¼

, N

W¼

, S

ec 2

2, T

14

N,

R 1

1 W

35

°50'

03"

92°0

8'50

" Q

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

ST

04M

ount

ain

Vie

w S

WN

E¼

, N

W ¼

, S

ec 2

3, T

13

N,

R 1

2 W

35

°45'

17"

92°1

4'04

"C

FC

ane

Hill

INY

*S

T05

Mou

ntai

n V

iew

SE

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

35,

T 1

4 N

, R 1

0 W

35°4

8'15

" 92

°01'

23"

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

*S

T06

On

iaS

½, N

E¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 3

6, T

15

N, R

13

W35

°53'

57"

92°1

9'10

"Q

Boo

ne F

mIN

Y*

ST

07S

ylam

ore

SE

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

36,

T 1

6 N

, R 1

1 W

35°5

8'52

"92

°05'

58"

CF

Eve

rton

Fm

INY

*S

T08

Syl

amor

eN

W¼

, S

ec 6

, T

15

N,

R 1

0 W

35

°58'

09"

92°0

5'26

"F

Eve

rton

Fm

INY

*S

T09

Fift

ysix

SE

¼, S

ec 8

, T 1

5 N

, R 1

1 W

35°5

6'50

" ca

92°1

0'33

" ca

NB

oone

Fm

INY

*S

T10

Bos

wel

lS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

, T 1

6 N

, R 1

1 W

36°0

2'51

" 92

°07'

15"

FE

vert

on F

mIN

Y*

ST

11G

uion

NW

¼/S

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 3

3, T

15

N, R

9 W

35°5

3'24

"91

°57'

21"

FP

latt

in/K

imsw

ick

INY

ST

12S

ylam

ore

SE

¼, S

E¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 1

, T 1

5 N

, R 1

1 W

35°5

7'50

"92

°06'

24"

FE

vert

on F

mIN

Y

SV

01Lo

catio

n u

ncer

tain

N34

-94

3S

V02

Loca

tion

unce

rtai

nN

UN

34-9

44

SV

03G

illha

mS

E¼

,SW

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

8, T

7 S

., R

31

W34

°10'

12"

ca94

°19'

43"

caN

Sta

nley

Fm

UN

?34

-94

5N

SV

04G

illha

mN

W¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 1

6, T

7 S

., R

31

W (

?)34

°09'

34"

?94

°18'

12"

?N

Sta

nley

Fm

UN

34-9

46

NS

V06

Cha

pel H

illS

ec 3

4, T

7 S

., R

32

W34

°06'

29"

ca94

°23'

17"

caN

Sta

nley

Fm

IN34

-94

21N

SV

07G

enev

aN

W¼

, S

ec 1

1, T

8 S

., R

30

W

34°0

5'17

"94

°09'

40"

QC

Jack

fork

Ss

AC

34-9

49

Y

VB

01B

ee B

ranc

hS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 2

4, T

10

N, R

14

W35

°29'

09"

92°2

5'44

"C

FA

toka

Fm

AC

YV

B02

Clin

ton

NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

13,

T 1

0 N

, R 1

4 W

35

°30'

08"

92°2

5'26

"Q

CA

toka

Fm

INY

VB

03B

ee B

ranc

hS

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 3

6, T

10

N, R

14

W

35°2

7'53

"92

°25'

38"

QA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*V

B04

Bee

Bra

nch

SE

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

24,

T 1

0 N

, R

14

W

35°2

9'34

"92

°26'

00"

QA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*V

B05

Clin

ton

NW

¼,

NE

¼,

Sec

10,

T 1

0 N

, R

14

W

35°3

1'33

"92

°27'

48"

QC

FB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

VB

06Le

slie

SE

¼, N

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 1

2, T

13

N, R

15

W35

°47'

14"

92°3

2'11

"Q

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

VB

07B

otki

nbur

gN

W¼

/SW

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

29,

T 1

3 N

, R

14

W

35°4

4'32

"92

°30'

22"

QB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

VB

08F

airf

ield

Bay

SE

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

9,

T 1

0 N

, R

12

W

35°3

1'04

"92

°16'

37"

QC

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*V

B09

Fai

rfie

ld B

ayN

E¼

, NW

¼, S

ec 6

, T 1

1 N

, R 1

2 W

35°3

7'25

"92

°18'

33"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

VB

11M

orga

nton

SE

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

30,

T 9

N,

R 1

2 W

35

°22'

54"

92°1

8'50

"Q

CA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*V

B12

Mor

gant

onS

E¼

, Sec

25,

T 9

N, R

13

W

35°2

2'52

"92

°18'

55"

FA

tkoa

Fm

INY

*V

B13

Sco

tland

NW

¼,

SW

¼,

Sec

11,

T 1

1 N

, R

15

W

35°3

6'25

"92

°33'

34"

QC

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*V

B14

Old

Lex

ingt

onS

W¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 2

7, T

12

N, R

14

W35

°39'

09"

92°2

7'41

"Q

CB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

VB

15S

hirle

yS

W¼

, S

ec 3

4, T

12

N,

R 1

2 W

35

°37'

44"

92°1

5'25

"Q

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*V

B16

Till

yN

W¼

, S

ec 2

6, T

12

N,

R 1

7 W

35

°39'

36"

92°4

6'17

"F

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*V

B17

Till

yS

E¼

, S

ec 9

, T

12

N,

R 1

7 W

35

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41"

92°4

7'56

"Q

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*V

B18

For

mos

aN

W¼

, SW

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ec 3

0, T

10

N, R

14

W35

°28'

38"

92°3

1'40

"Q

FA

toka

Fm

INY

VB

19C

linto

nS

E¼

,Sec

3,

T 1

0 N

, R

14

W

35°3

1'42

"92

°27'

44"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eA

CN

VB

20O

ld L

exin

gton

NE

¼, S

ec 3

, T 1

1 N

, R 1

4 W

35°3

7'35

"92

°27'

48"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eU

NY

WA

01

We

st F

ork

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¼,

Sec

30

- S

W¼

, S

ec 2

9, T

15

N,

R 3

0 W

35

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38"

94°1

2'05

"Q

Pitk

in L

s A

C35

-94

7Y

WA

02

Sul

phur

City

NW

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

20,

T 1

5 N

, R

29

W

35°5

7'57

"94

°05'

18"

FP

itkin

/Can

e H

illA

CY

*W

A0

3S

prin

gdal

eS

½, S

W¼

, Sec

22

- E

½, S

E¼

, Sec

21,

T 1

7 N

, R 3

0 W

36°0

7'39

"94

°10'

07"

QB

oone

Fm

INY

*W

A0

4W

est

Fo

rkN

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, S

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ec 4

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14

N,

R 3

0 W

35

°54'

58"

94°1

0'44

"F

Pitk

in L

sIN

Y*

WA

05

Dur

ham

SW

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

19,

T 1

5 N

, R 2

8 W

35°5

7'29

"93

°59'

24"

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

*W

A0

6Li

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nN

E¼

, SW

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ec 1

, T 1

4 N

, R 3

3 W

35°5

5'13

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26"

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

*

WA

07

Wh

ee

ler

NE

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W¼

, Sec

31,

T 1

6 N

, R 3

1 W

36°0

1'37

"94

°18'

58"

FB

oone

Fm

INY

WA

08

Str

ickl

erS

E¼

, SE

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ec 2

7, T

13

N, R

31

W35

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17"

94°1

5'59

"F

Pitk

in L

sR

YW

A0

9S

tric

kler

SE

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

23,

T 1

3 N

, R 3

1 W

35°4

7'30

"94

°15'

18"

FA

tkoa

Fm

UN

YW

A1

0S

ulph

ur C

ityS

W¼

, NE

¼, S

E¼

, Sec

25,

T 1

5 N

, R 2

9 W

35°5

6'24

"94

°00'

18"

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

WA

11

Sul

phur

City

SW

¼, S

W¼

, Sec

30,

T 1

5 N

, R 2

8 W

35°5

6'17

"94

°00'

02"

FP

itkin

Ls

INY

WA

12

Eva

nsvi

lleN

E¼

, N

W¼

, S

ec 3

0, T

14

N,

R 3

2 W

35

°52'

12"

94°2

5'38

"F

Boo

ne F

mA

CN

WH

01

Juds

onia

NE

¼,

Sec

31,

T 8

N,

R 6

W

35°1

6'52

"91

°41'

03"

QC

Blo

yd/H

ale

AC

YW

H0

2B

radf

ord

NE

¼,

SW

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Sec

12,

T 9

N,R

. 5

W

35°2

5'01

"91

°29'

18"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

YW

H0

3Ju

dson

iaN

W¼

, SE

¼, N

W¼

, Sec

26,

T 8

N, R

7 W

35°1

7'36

"91

°43'

29"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

YW

H0

4B

ald

Kno

bN

W¼

, Sec

25,

T 8

N, R

6 W

35°1

7'30

"91

°36'

06"

QC

Blo

yd/H

ale

IN35

-91

7, 8

Y?*

WH

05

Bal

d K

nob

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¼,

Sec

24,

T 8

N,

R 6

W

35°1

7'52

"91

°36'

18"

QC

Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

*W

H0

6V

elve

t Rid

geS

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 6

, T 9

N, R

5 W

35

°26'

13"

91°3

4'12

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Blo

yd/H

ale

INY

WH

07

Ste

proc

kN

E¼

, S

W¼

, S

ec 2

7, T

10

N,

R 6

W

35°2

7'46

"91

°37'

49"

FB

loyd

/Hal

eA

CY

WH

08

Flo

ydN

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, N

W¼

, S

ec 2

3, T

7 N

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35

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91°5

6'01

"F

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

AC

YW

H0

9B

ald

Kno

bN

E¼

, NW

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ec 2

4, T

8 N

, R 6

W35

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39"

91°3

5'50

"Q

CB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

WH

10

Ple

asan

t Pla

ins

SE

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ec 7

, T 1

0 N

, R 6

W

35°3

0'17

"91

°40'

35"

QC

FB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

WH

11

Flo

ydN

E¼

, Sec

18,

T 6

N, R

8 W

35°0

9'02

"91

°53'

37"

QC

FA

toka

(M

iddl

e)IN

Y*

WH

12

Bal

d K

nob

SE

¼,

SW

¼/S

W¼

, S

E¼

, S

ec 3

4, T

9 N

, R

5 W

35

°21'

20"

91°3

1'27

"Q

CB

loyd

/Hal

eIN

Y*

WH

13

Flo

ydS

W¼

, SE

¼, S

ec 1

5, T

7 N

, R 9

W35

°13'

41"

91°5

6'57

"F

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INY

*

YE

01B

lufft

onN

W¼

, NW

¼, S

ec15

, T 3

N, R

24

W34

°55'

02"

93°3

3'01

"F

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INY

*Y

E02

-CC

GB

lufft

onS

W¼

, S

ec 2

4, T

3 N

, R

24

W

34°5

3'46

"93

°30'

37"

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

& M

id.)

-CC

GIN

Y*

YE

03-C

CG

Dan

ville

SW

¼, N

E¼

, Sec

17,

T 4

N, R

23

W35

°00'

06"

93°2

8'10

"F

Ato

ka (

Low

er &

Mid

.)-C

CG

INY

*Y

E05

Dar

dane

lleS

W¼

, S

ec 1

9, T

7 N

, R

20

W

35°1

4'31

"93

°10'

16"

QH

arts

horn

e S

sIN

Y*

YE

06O

laS

E¼

, N

W¼

, S

ec 4

, T

5 N

,R.

20 W

35

°07'

00"

93°0

7'57

"Q

CA

toka

(U

pper

)IN

Y*

YE

07C

hick

alah

Mou

ntai

n E

.N

E¼

, NE

¼, S

ec 3

3, T

6 N

, R 2

2 W

35°0

8'19

"93

°20'

09"

QC

Ato

ka (

Upp

er)

INY

*Y

E08

Nim

rod

Dam

NE

¼,

NW

¼,

Sec

28,

T 4

N,

R 2

1 W

34

°58'

30"

93°1

4'41

"F

Ato

ka (

Low

er)

INY

*Y

E09

-CC

GP

lain

view

SE

¼, S

ec 2

7/S

W¼

, Sec

26,

T 3

N, R

22

W

34°5

2'50

"93

°19'

23"

FA

toka

(Lo

wer

)-C

CG

INY

*Y

E11

Dan

ville

Mtn

.N

W¼

, Sec

17,

T 5

N, R

22

W35

°05'

43"

ca93

°22'

00"

caN

Ato

ka (

Low

er)

INY

*Y

E12

Ola

SE

¼, S

ec 8

/SW

¼, S

ec 9

, T 5

N, R

20

W35

°05'

55"

93°0

8'20

"F

Ato

ka (

Mid

dle)

INY

*

APPENDIX II

Correspondence between Quarry Identification Number and Quarry Name

No systematic manner of identifying quarries has been used in Arkansas. The name somepeople use for a quarry might come from the name of the property owner, for example “the JonesQuarry”. Someone else might refer to the same quarry by the name of the main person whooperates the quarry or by the company name operating it, such as the “McGraw ConstructionCompany Quarry”. Property owners may also change, and/or the operator of the quarry maychange. Still other persons might refer to a quarry by the name of a nearby community, forexample the “Cooperton Quarry” or the “McGraw Cooperton Quarry”. If a quarry lies in a ruralarea between two communities, some people might refer to the quarry by identifying it with onecommunity while others the other community. All these forms of confusion occur with regard tonaming of quarries in Arkansas.

An attempt to avoid such confusion is made in this report by assigning arbitrary quarryidentification numbers to each site. The beginning of the quarry identification number is twoletters as an abbreviation of the county in which the quarry exists. Throughout the report thisnumber is what is used in making reference to any quarry.

This appendix is given to reference the quarry identification numbers to names that havebeen used for the various quarries. For each quarry number a listing of the various names thathave appeared in various documents is given. These source documents include AHTD records oftests used to qualify stone for AHTD jobs; names used in the data books of these tests aredesignated “AHTD” in the column under “Source”. Quarries mentioned in the AHTD MaterialsAvailability Study are listed with “MAS”. Quarry names listed with the Mine Safety and HealthAdministration are indicated with “MSHA”. Names in the Corps of Engineers data sheets aredesignated with “CORPS”. Some quarries that are shown on USGS quadrangles but of unknown“name” are included with the designation “QUAD”. Some quarry names were those used byother sources, for example by word of mouth from professionals related to the stone industry orfrom residents in the area of a particular quarry; these are indicated with “Other”. In each of thesecases, if a locality is referenced in the document, that locality is listed in the column under“Given town”.

Correspondence between Quarry Identification Number and Quarry Name

Quarry # Name/designation Given town SourceBE01 APAC-AR, Sharps Quarry Lowell MSHA, AHTDBE01 McClinton-Anchor, Sharp Quarry Lowell AHTDBE01 Sharp Quarry Lowell MASBE02 APAC-AR, Avoca Quarry Avoca MSHABE02 McClinton-Anchor, Avoca Quarry Avoca AHTD, MAS, CORPSBE02 Avoca Quarry Avoca AHTDBE03 Reb Enterprises Inc, Reb Quarry Springdale MSHA, AHTDBE04 Benton County Stone Gravette AHTD, MSHABE05 APAC/McClinton-Anchor Bentonville AHTDBE05 McClinton-Anchor Bentonville AHTDBE06 Jewell Quarry Siloam Springs AHTDBE07 Rutherford Quarry Siloam Springs AHTDBE07 Two State Materials Siloam Springs AHTDBE08 Sey Quarry Garfield MASBE09 Quarry Centerton MASBE10 Cherokee City Quarry Cherokee City MASBE10 Inman Quarry Cherokee City MAS, AHTDBE10 McClinton Bros, Cherokee Quarry Cherokee City AHTDBE11 Baridige Quarry MASBE12 Biggs Quarry Cross Holler MASBE13 Quarry Best MASBE14 Quarry Gateway MASBE15 Quarry Gravette QUADBE16 Quarry Centerton QUAD

BN01 APAC-AR, Harrison Quarry & Plant MSHABN01 McClinton-Anchor, Valley Springs Quarry Valley Springs AHTD, MASBN01 Boone County Lime Products CORPSBN02 Journagan Quarry Omaha AHTDBN02 Finley Quarry Omaha MAS, AHTDBN02 Omaha Quarry Omaha AHTDBN03 Crouse Quarry Harrison MAS, AHTDBN04 Quarry MASBN05 Price Quarry MASBN06 Seeley Quarry Lead Hill AHTDBN06 Journagan, Seeley Quarry Lead Hill AHTDBN07 McClinton-Anchor Everton Quarry Everton AHTDBN08 Journagan, Bear Creek Quarry Francis AHTDBN08 Bear Creek Quarry Francis AHTD

BX01 Twin Lakes Quarries, Quarry #2 Mountain Home MSHA, AHTD, MASBX01 McClinton Rentals Mountain Home AHTDBX02 Twin Lakes Quarry #1 Mountain Home MAS, AHTDBX02 McGuire Quarry Mountain Home MSHA, AHTDBX02 King Sand & Gravel Mountain Home AHTDBX02 Twin Lakes Quarry Mountain Home AHTDBX03 Baxter County Quarry Mountain Home MAS, AHTD, MSHABX04 Twin Lakes Quarries, Foster Quarry Norfork AHTDBX04 Foster Quarry Norfork AHTDBX05 Rock Products Acklin Quarry Big Flat AHTDBX05 Acklin Quarry Big Flat AHTDBX06 Wilkerson Quarry MAS, AHTDBX07 Pickens Quarry Old Joe MAS, AHTDBX08 Norfork Quarry Norfork MASBX09 Stone County Materials, Woods Quarry Norfork AHTDBX09 Woods Quarry Norfork AHTDBX09 Rock Products, Woods Quarry Norfork AHTDBX10 Mountain Home Materials Buford AHTDBX10 Mountain Home Quarry Mountain Home AHTDBX10 Mountain Home Quarry Buford AHTDBX10 Journagan Quarry Buford AHTD

CB01 Rock Products, Heber Springs Quarry Heber Springs AHTD, MSHA, CORPS, MASCB01 Heber Springs Quarry, Rock Products Heber Springs AHTD

CB02 Quarry Heber Springs MASCB02 Red River Stone Company Heber Springs CORPSCB03 Undeveloped site CORPSCB04 Undeveloped site CORPSCB05 Undeveloped site CORPSCB06 Old WPA Quarry near Higdon Higdon CORPSCB07 Goff Quarry Pearson OtherCB08 Corps of Engineers Quarry Tumbling Shoals MASCB08 Tumbling Shoals Quarry Tumblins Shoals CORPSCB09 Fairfield Bay Quarry Pryor Mountain MAS, AHTDCB09 Hellcat Heights Quarry Pryor Mountain AHTDCB09 Pryor Mountain Quarry, Rock Products Pryor Mountain AHTDCB09 Rock Products, Pryor Mountain Quarry Pryor Mountain AHTDCB10 Pryor Mountain Quarry, Southeast Construction Co. Pryor Mountain MAS, AHTDCB10 Southeast Construction Co., Pryor Mountain Quarry Pryor Mountian MAS, AHTDCB11 Cabot Quarries, Inc. MASCB11 Freshour Quarry Greers Ferry AHTDCB12 Vance Quarry Tumbling Shoals MASCB13 Gray Quarry MASCB13 New WPA Quarry near Pearson Pearson CORPSCB14 Todd Quarry MASCB15 Crider Quarry MAS, OtherCB16 Dewey Stone Quarry MASCB16 Stone Quarry AHTDCB17 Murphy Quarry MASCB18 Quarry Drasco MASCB19 Fullerton Quarry MASCB20 Cooper Quarry Concord MAS, AHTDCB21 S & S Quarry Pearson MAS, AHTD

CF01 Arkhola, Preston Quarry Van Buren MAS, AHTD, MSHACF01 Preston Quarry, Arkhola/APAC Van Buren AHTDCF01 APAC/Arkhola, Preston Quarry Van Buren AHTDCF01 Arkhola Alma AHTDCF02 Rock Producers, Brock Quarry Deans Market AHTDCF02 Brock Quarry, Rock Producers Deans Market AHTDCF03 Old Alma Quarry, Arkhola Alma MASCF03 Arkhola, Alma Plant Alma CORPSCF05 Roadcut on Hwy. 540 Mountainburg Other, AHTDCF06-CCG France Pit Frog Bayou MAS, AHTD

CK01 USAE Vicksburg District CORPSCK02 Murray Limestone Quarry Arkadelphia MAS, CORPS, AHTDCK03 USAE Vicksburg District CORPSCK04 Little Rock Quarry Company Arkadelphia CORPSCK04 Little Rock Quarry Company Friendship AHTD, CORPSCK04 DeRoach Quarry, Carter Construction Benton CORPSCK04 Carter Construction, DeRoach Quarry Benton CORPSCK04 DeRoach Quarry, Little Rock Quarries, Inc Friendship AHTDCK04 Little Rock Stone & Materials Friendship AHTDCK05 Little Rock Quarry Hollywood AHTDCK05 Hollywood Quarry, Pine Bluff Sand & Gravel Hollywood AHTDCK05 Hollywood Quarry, L & R Hollywood AHTDCK05 L & R Quarry Hollywood AHTDCK05 Pine Bluff Sand & Gravel Hollywood AHTDCK05 Sweet Home Stone Company CORPSCK06 Pennington-Winter Construction CORPS

CR01 Carrol County Stone Co., R & R Quarry Berryville AHTD, MSHACR01 R & R Quarry Berryville MASCR01 Pyron Quarry, Freshour Berryville OtherCR02 Undeveloped site CORPSCR03 Kirk Mountain Core CORPSCR04 Sugar Mountain CORPSCR05 Quarry CORPSCR06 Gilbert Quarry Blue Eye MAS, AHTDCR07 Smith Quarry Rudd MAS, AHTDCR08 Chaney Quarry Rule MAS

CR09 Summers Quarry MASCR10 R & R Quarry Green Forest MAS, AHTDCR10 Kilbourne Quarry Farewell OtherCR10 Berryville Quarry Berryville AHTDCR11 Robinson Quarry Farewell AHTDCR11 Robertson Property Farewell OtherCR12 R & R Quarry (New quarry) Green Forest AHTD, OtherCR13 Powell Quarry OtherCR13 R & R Quarries Green Forest AHTD, OtherCR14 Underwood Quarry Eureka Springs AHTD

CW01 Anderson-Oxandale Company CORPSCW01 Rockerfeller Quarry MASCW02 Souter Quarry AHTDCW03 Gleason Quarry MASCW03 Geeslin Quarry Menifee AHTDCW03 M & M, Gleason Quarry Menifee OtherCW04 Robinson Quarry MASCW05 Quarry Center Ridge MASCW05 Flowers Quarry Center Ridge AHTDCW05 Payne Property Center Ridge AHTDCW06 Quarry Center Ridge MASCW06 Oats Quarry Center Ridge OtherCW07 Koffman Quarry MASCW08 Stell Quarry MASCW08 Stell Quarry #1 Springfield OtherCW09 Scroggins Quarry #1 MASCW09 Stell Quarry (#2) Springfield AHTD, OtherCW10 Quarry Solgohachia MASCW10 Souter Construction Solgohachia AHTDCW10 Parks Quarry Morrilton AHTDCW10 Parks Quarry Solgohachia AHTDCW10 Souter, Parks Quarry Solgohachia AHTDCW10 Souter, Morrilton Quarry Morrilton AHTD, OtherCW12 Pace Quarry Menifee MASCW12 Martin Quarry Menifee OtherCW12 Hogan Quarry Menifee OtherCW13 Quarry Plumerville MASCW13 Chatman, Carl Quarry Plumerville OtherCW14 Dixon Quarry Morrilton MASCW14 Freshour, Dixon Quarry Morrilton OtherCW15 Quarry MASCW15 Croom Quarry Morrilton OtherCW16 Greene Quarry Sardis MASCW16 Green, Lloyd Quarry Morrilton AHTDCW16 Greer Quarry Plumerville AHTDCW16 M & M, Greene Quarry Morrilton AHTDCW17 Scroggins Quarry #2 Springfield MASCW18 Souter Quarry Menifee OtherCW19 Souter Quarry Point Remove Creek OtherCW19 Freshour Quarry Point Remove Creek OtherCW19 Markham & Brown Quarry Point Remove Creek OtherCW20 Burns & Swilley Quarry Morrilton OtherCW20CW21 Bond, Ferris Quarry Austin OtherCW21 Winningham, Opie Quarry Austin OtherCW22 Arkansas Kraft Quarry AHTDCW22 Wells Quarry Cleveland OtherCW23 Hammond Quarry Cleveland Other

FA01 Guy Quarry CORPSFA02 North Cadron Creek Quarry CORPSFA02 M & M Rock, Reynolds Quarry Greenbrier AHTDFA02 M & M Rock Company Conway CORPSFA02 Reynolds Quarry, M & M Rock Greenbrier AHTD, MASFA03A Greenbrier Quarry Greenbrier CORPSFA03A McClung Quarry (Old Quarry) Greenbrier OtherFA03B McClung Quarry (New Quarry) Greenbrier AHTD

FA03B McClung Quarry Green Forest (typo) AHTDFA03B Quarry Greenbrier MASFA04 Quarry MASFA04 Mississippi Valley Construction Engineers OtherFA06 Harrell Quarry CORPSFA06 Quarry Mayflower MASFA06 Markham & Brown Mayflower OtherFA06 Souter Construction, Harrell Quarry Mayflower OtherFA07 Rowlett Quarry Beryl MASFA07 M & M Rock Company, Beryl Quarry Beryl AHTDFA07 Rogers Group, Beryl Quarry Beryl AHTDFA07 Beryl Quarry, Rowlett, M & M, Rogers Group Beryl AHTD, MASFA08 Old WPA Quarry OtherFA09 Quarry MASFA10 Quarry Holland MASFA11 Atkinson Quarry, Freshour MAS, OtherFA12 Quarry (Hogan) Mayflower MAS, OtherFA13 Quarry Greenbrier MASFA13 McCrae Quarry Greenbrier OtherFA13 McGray Quarry Greenbrier AHTDFA13 McRae Quarry Greenbrier AHTDFA14 Burns & Swilley OtherFA15 Sims Quarry Guy Other

FR01 Chrisman, Altus Quarry Altus AHTDFR01 Chrisman Quarry Altus MAS, MSHAFR01 Altus Quarry, Chrisman Altus AHTDFR02 Opper Quarry Altus OtherFR03 Altus Quarry, J.J. Alston Altus MASFR03 Alston Quarry Altus CORPSFR04 Hillard Quarry, Garland Cotton Company MAS, OtherFR04 Cotton Quarry Ozark AHTDFR04 Cotton Quarry #1 Roseville AHTDFR04 Cotton Quarry Web Park AHTDFR04 Mid-South, Hillard Quarry AHTDFR05 Lonelm Quarry MASFR05 Johnson Quarry Lone Elm AHTDFR06 Vesta Quarry Vesta MASFR07 Branch Quarry Branch MASFR08 McCollum Quarry Mulberry OtherFR09 Isaacs Quarry Mulberry OtherFR10 Carder Construction, Byrd Quarry Cass AHTDFR10 Byrd Quarry, Carder Construction Cass AHTD

FU01 Freshour, Campbell Quarry Gepp AHTD, MASFU01 Campbell Quarry, Freshour Construction Gepp AHTD, MASFU02 Hall Quarry Vidette MAS, AHTDFU03 Freshour, Moody Quarry Salem MASFU03 Moody Quarry Salem AHTDFU04 Joyce Quarry Salem MAS, AHTDFU05 Taylor Quarry MAS, AHTDFU06 Watson Quarry Saddle MASFU06 Stephens Quarry Saddle OtherFU07 Quarry Agnos MASFU08 Brown Quarry Viola MASFU09 Freeman Quarry MASFU10 Nichols Quarry MAS, AHTDFU11 Ray Quarry Moko MAS, Other, AHTDFU12 Warwick Quarry Cherokee Village OtherFU12 Cherokee Village Quarry Cherokee Village AHTDFU13 Marler Quarry Myatt Creek Other

GA01 Undeveloped site Lake Ouachita CORPSGA02 Proposed site Glazy Pau Creek CORPSGA03 Mid-State Quarry #3 Hot Springs MASGA03 Mid-State, Westinghouse Drive Quarry Hot Springs AHTDGA03 Westinghouse Drive Quarry, Mid-State Hot Springs AHTDGA03 Highway 270 Quarry, Mid-State Hot Springs AHTD

GA03 Rip Evans Quarry Hot Springs AHTDGA03 Hogan Quarry Hot Springs AHTDGA05 Malvern Minerals Quarry Hot Springs AHTDGA06 Quarry OtherGA07 Mountain Pine Quarry Mountain Pine AHTDGA07 Weyerhauser Quarry Mountain Pine Other

HO01 Test blast CORPSHO02 Quarry CORPS

HS01 Mid-State, Jones Mill Quarry Jones Mill AHTD, MAS, MSHAHS01 Mid-State, Highway 51 Quarry AHTDHS02 Caddo Quarries, Souter Construction Friendship CORPSHS02 Souter Construction, Caddo Quarry Friendship CORPSHS03 Tidwell Quarry Butterfield MAS, AHTDHS03 Coleman Quarry Butterfield AHTDHS04 Diamond Joe Quarry Jones Mill OtherHS05 Mid-State, Highway 270 Quarry Malvern MAS, AHTDHS05 Malvern Quarry, Mid-State Malvern AHTDHS06 Mid-State, Highway 7 South Quarry Hot Springs AHTD, MASHS06 Mid-State Quarry Hot Springs AHTDHS06 MId-State Quarry #4 Highway 7 MASHS07 Tidwell, I-30 Quarry Glen Rose AHTDHS07 Tidwell Quarry Benton AHTD

IN01 Midwest Lime Quarry Batesville AHTD, MSHA, MASIN02 Arkansas Lime Company Quarry Batesville AHTDIN02 Limedale Quarry, Arkansas Lime Company MSHAIN03 Rocky Point Quarry, Tommy Gipson Construction Southside MSHA, CORPS, MAS, AHTDIN03 Rocky Point Quarry Huff AHTDIN03 Rocky Point Quarry Batesville AHTDIN03 Southside Materials, Rocky Point Quarry Batesville AHTDIN03 Southside Materials, Rocky Point Quarry Southside AHTDIN03 Bryant, John E., Rocky Point Quarry Southside AHTDIN04 Baughn Construction, Oakridge Quarry Cord MAS, MSHAIN04 Oakridge Quarry, Baughn Construction Cord AHTDIN05 Duffield Quarry Oil Trough AHTD, MAS, CORPSIN05 Souter Construction Quarry Oil Trough MASIN06 Rock Products, Bradley Quarry Cord MAS, AHTDIN06 Bradley Quarry Cord AHTDIN06 Bradley Quarry Dowdy AHTDIN06 Rock Products Cord AHTDIN07 Ace Partnership, Coleman Quarry Cord AHTDIN07 Coleman Quarry, Ace Partnership Cord AHTDIN08 Quarry QUADIN09 Quarry Locust Grove MASIN10 Wyatt Quarry Rosie MASIN11 Quarry Walnut Grove MASIN11 Crabtree Quarry Walnut Grove OtherIN12 Rock Products, Martin "Quarry" (Test Core) Pleasant Plains AHTD, Other

IZ01 Edwards Brothers Quarry Violet Hill AHTD, MSHAIZ02 Ace Partnership Myron Quarry Myron AHTD, MSHAIZ02 Atlas Asphalt, Myron Quarry Myron AHTDIZ02 Myron Quarry Myron AHTDIZ02 Horseshoe Bend Quarry, Hogan Myron AHTD, OtherIZ02 Hogan, Horseshoe Bend Quarry Myron AHTD, OtherIZ03 Reynolds Aluminum Co. Guion CORPSIZ04 Quarry CORPSIZ05 Edwards Brothers, Wortham Quarry Sage AHTDIZ05 Wortham Quarry, Edwards Brothers Sage AHTDIZ06 Rock Products, Womack Quarry Sage East AHTDIZ06 Womack Quarry, Rock Products Sage East AHTDIZ07 Freshour Quarry Myron OtherIZ07 Ferguson Quarry Myron MASIZ08 Kerr Quarry Pineville MAS, AHTDIZ09 Rout Quarry Gid MASIZ10 Twin Creek Quarry Melbourne MAS

IZ12 Helems, Arlin Quarry Oxford MASIZ12 Alum Helm Quarry, Hogan Company AHTDIZ13 Engels Quarry Pineville MASIZ14 Tate Quarry Melbourne AHTDIZ15 Lake, Kenneth Quarry Zion AHTD

JO01 Chrisman Quarry, Chrisman Ready Mix Clarksville AHTD, MSHAJO02 Roward Quarry AHTDJO02 Johnson County Quarry AHTD, MASJO03 Hurley Quarry Clarksville MAS, AHTDJO04 Goff Quarry MASJO05 Phillips Quarry MASJO06 Brotherton Quarry MASJO07 Freshour Quarry Clarksville AHTD, MASJO07 Skaggs Quarry, Freshour MASJO08 Baskin Quarry MASJO09 Lewis Quarry Ozone MASJO10 MeLinard Quarry Knoxville MASJO11 Kraus Quarry, Patton Construction Hagarville AHTDJO11 Patton Construction, Kraus Quarry Hagarville AHTDJO12 Southeast Construction Company Alix Other

LG01 Pine Bluff Sand & Gravel, Morrison Bluff Quarry Morrison Bluff AHTD, MSHALG01 Arkansas Rock Company Scranton AHTDLG01 Arkansas Sandstone, Jackson Quarry Scranton AHTDLG01 Mid-South Construction, Jackson Quarry Scranton AHTDLG02 Pine Bluff Sand & Gravel, River Mountain Quarry Delaware AHTD, MSHALG02 River Mountain Quarry, Pine Bluff Sand & Gravel Delaware AHTD, MSHALG02 Western Arkansas Sandstone Company CORPSLG03 Schwartz Quarry MASLG03 Logan County Building Stone, Schwartz Quarry Midway AHTD, MSHALG04 Undeveloped Site CORPSLG05 S & W Rock Quarry Roseville MAS, AHTDLG05 Robberson, Slick Quarry, S & W Rock Roseville MASLG06 Robertson Quarry (Robberson) Roseville MAS, OtherLG07 Robertson Quarry, Roseville Hole #4 Roseville CORPSLG08 Magazine Mountain Quarry Mount Magazine MASLG09 Parrott Quarry Caulksville MAS, OtherLG09 Meyers Quarry AHTD, OtherLG09 Chrisman, Ratcliff Quarry Ratcliff AHTDLG10 B & D Sand & Gravel Roseville MAS, AHTDLG10 B & G Sand & Gravel Roseville AHTDLG10 F & G Sand & Gravel Roseville AHTD

LN01/PU05 Freshour, Cabot Quarry Cabot MSHA, AHTD, MASLN02 Baludwin Quarry Ward AHTDLN02 Balding, Tolbert Quarry Ward OtherLN03 Utley Quarry Austin AHTD, Other

LR01A Hogan Quarry Black Rock AHTDLR01A Black Rock Limestone Products Black Rock AHTDLR01B Hogan Quarry Black Rock AHTDLR01B Boorhem Fields Quarry Black Rock AHTD, MSHALR01B Meridian Quarry Black Rock AHTD, MSHALR01B Valley Stone Quarry, St. Francis Materials Black Rock CORPSLR01B Valley Stone Quarry, Boorhem Fields CORPSLR01B St. Francis Materials Company Black Rock MAS, AHTDLR02 Black Rock Sand & Gravel Black Rock AHTD, MASLR02 Verkler Quarry, Black Rock Sand & Gravel Black Rock MSHA, AHTDLR02 Black Rock Quarries Black Rock AHTDLR02 W.W. Smith Quarry Black Rock AHTD, CORPS, MASLR02 Vulcan Quarry Black Rock OtherLR03 Tate Quarry CORPSLR03 Tate Quarry, Hogan, Meridian Black Rock OtherLR03 Sloan Quarry Black Rock OtherLR03 Meridian, North Quarry (Atlas) Black Rock AHTDLR04 Quarry Black Rock CORPSLR05 Toles, Perry Quarry AHTD

LR05 Rowand Materials Black Rock CORPSLR06 Walker Quarry Strawberry OtherLR07 Delta Asphalt Quarry (Test Hole) Black Rock AHTD, Other

MD01 McClinton Anchor Quarry Huntsville MAS, AHTDMD01 War Eagle Quarry Huntsville AHTDMD02 Parker Quarry Kingston MAS, AHTDMD03 Elsey Quarry Marble MASMD04 Neal Quarry Huntsville MASMD05 Carr Quarry Hindsville MASMD06 Smith Quarry Forum MAS, AHTDMD07 Quarry Old Alabam MASMD08 Quarry Huntsville MAS

MG01 Tigue Brothers, Alexander Pit Mt. Ida AHTDMG01 Woods, Jack, Alexander Pit Mt. Ida AHTDMG01 Alexander Pit Mt. Ida AHTDMG02 Tigue Brothers, Davis Pit Caddo Gap AHTDMG03 Mauldin Pit Mt. Ida AHTD, MASMG03 Montgomery County Quarry Mt. Ida OtherMG04 Buttermilk Springs Quarry Caddo Gap Other

MR01 Eblen, Alexander Quarry Summitt OtherMR01 Alexander & Eblen Pit Summitt AHTDMR01 T.J.'s Materials and Construction Yellville AHTD, CORPSMR02 Burl King Quarry, Freshour Yellville AHTDMR02 Freshour Construction, Portable Crusher #1 MSHAMR03 Marion County Road Department Yellville MSHA, AHTDMR03 Marion County Quarry, Burl King #2 AHTDMR04 Flippin Materials Company CORPSMR04 Lee Mountain Quarry Lee Mountain CORPSMR04 Twin Lake Quarry Flippin AHTD, OtherMR04 Carter Quarry Summit AHTD, OtherMR05 Twin Lakes, Jefferson Quarry Yellville AHTDMR05 Jefferson Quarry, Twin Lakes Yellville AHTDMR05 Jefferson Quarry, Guy King & Sons Yellville MASMR06 Evans Quarry Peel MASMR07 Luck, Ted Quarry Flippin MASMR08 Lowery Quarry Eros MAS, AHTDMR08 Gray Quarry Eros AHTD, OtherMR09 Burleson Quarry Monarch MASMR10 Riseley Quarry Peel QUAD, Other

NT01 Hardy Construction, Turney-Hughes Quarry Parthenon AHTDNT01 Turney-Hughes Quarry, Hardy Construction Parthenon AHTDNT02 Harrison Quarry Jasper AHTD, MASNT03 U.S. Forest Service Quarry Fallsville MASNT04 McElhaney Quarry Low Gap MAS, AHTDNT04 Clark Quarry Low Gap AHTDNT05 Hudson Quarry Jasper MAS, AHTDNT06 Holt Quarry Carver MASNT06 Holt Quarry Hasty AHTDNT07 Johnson Quarry Mt. Judea MAS, AHTDNT09 Harrison Quarry Jasper OtherNT10 Hudson Quarry Jasper OtherNT11 Smith, Edward Quarry, Rock Products Highway 374 AHTDNT11 Rock Products, Smith Quarry Mt. Judea AHTDNT12 Freshour Quarry Lurton AHTD

PI01 Pennington-Winter Construction CORPSPI02 Plant, R.D. Quarry Kirby AHTDPI03 Beavert Quarry, Souter Construction, R.D. Plant Murfreesboro AHTD, CORPSPI03 Plant, R.D., Beavert Quarry Murfreesboro AHTDPI03 Souter Construction, Beavert Quarry Murfreesboro AHTDPI04 M & P Power Equipment CORPSPI04 D & E Construction Company CORPSPI05 Delight Quarry, Carter Construction Co. Delight CORPSPI05 Little Rock Quarry Delight CORPS

PK01 Herzog Stone Products Hatton Quarry Hatton AHTD, CORPS, MSHAPK01 Meridian, Hatton Quarry Hatton AHTD, MSHAPK02 Quarry KCS Railroad CORPSPK03 Quarry Potter MASPK03 Markham & Brown Quarry CORPSPK04 Quarry CORPSPK05 Walker Stone Company Hatton AHTD, MASPK05 Hatton Rock Company Hatton AHTD

PP01 Duffield New Hope Quarry Russellville AHTDPP01 New Hope Quarry, Duffield Russellville AHTDPP02 Pope County Quarry Dover MSHAPP02 Duffield Quarry Dover OtherPP03 Mobley Construction CORPSPP03 Hogan Quarry Russellville AHTDPP04 Duffield Gumlog Quarry Gumlog AHTDPP05 Ferguson Quarry MASPP06 Witherspoon Quarry Russellville MASPP07 Barton Quarry Russellville MAS, AHTDPP07 Hogan, Barton Quarry Russellville AHTDPP08 Young Quarry MASPP09 Carpenter Quarry Russellville MAS, AHTDPP10 Price Quarry #1 MASPP11 Price Quarry #2 MASPP12 Abernathy Quarry Dover MAS, AHTDPP13 Cravens Quarry Dover MASPP14 Quarry Atkins MASPP15 Smith Quarry Oak Grove MASPP16 Fountain Quarry Nogo MAS, AHTDPP17 Hefley Quarry Pelsor MAS, AHTDPP17 Souter, Hefley Quarry Pelsor OtherPP17 Duffield, Hefley Quarry Pelsor AHTDPP17 Rock Products, Hefley Quarry Pelsor OtherPP18 Ragsdale Pit Bullfrog Valley AHTDPP19 Huckleberry Creek Dam Quarry Dover OtherPP19 McGeorge Construction, Huckleberry Creek Dam Dover OtherPP20 Duvall Quarry Oak Grove Other

PU01 Granite Mountain Quarry #1, McGeorge Construction MSHAPU01 Granite Mountain Quarries Sweet Home AHTD, CORPSPU02 Mid-State Construction Company (3M Site) 65th St., Little Rock MASPU02 Mid-State Materials, Big Rock Quarry Little Rock AHTDPU02 Big Rock Quarry Little Rock AHTDPU02 Arch Street Quarry, Mid-State Little Rock AHTDPU02 Big Rock Stone & Materials Company CORPSPU02 3M Corporation, Big Rock Quarry CORPSPU03 McGeorge Contractors, Granite Mountain Quarry #2 MSHAPU03 Granite Mountain Quarries (#2) Sweet Home AHTDPU04 Little Rock Quarry, Carter Construction College Station CORPS, MSHAPU05 Freshour Construction Cabot MSHA, AHTDPU05 Freshour Construction, Wingate Quarry MAS, AHTDPU06 Rowlett, Crystal Hill Quarry Maumelle MAS, AHTDPU06 Crystal Hill Quarry, Rowlett MaumellePU07 Mid-State Lawson Road Quarry Little Rock MAS, AHTDPU07 Mid-State Materials, Taylor Quarry Little Rock MAS, MSHA, AHTDPU07 McGeorge Quarry, Lawson Road Little Rock AHTDPU07 Taylor Quarry, McGeorge Little Rock AHTDPU07 Taylor Quarry, Mid State Little Rock AHTDPU08 Pinnacle Mountain Talus Little Rock CORPSPU09 Big Rock Stone & Materials Company North Little Rock CORPSPU10 Jeffery Stone Company CORPSPU11 Sweet Home Stone Company CORPSPU12 Pulaski County Quarry AHTD

PY01 Chapman Quarry Toadsuck AHTD, MASPY01 M & M Rock, Chapman Quarry Toadsuck AHTD, MSHAPY01 Rogers Group, Chapman Quarry AHTD

PY02 Quarry Stony Point MASPY02 Freeman Quarry, L & R Stony Point OtherPY02 Souter Construction, Freeman Quarry Stony Point Other, MSHAPY02 Stane Reach Quarry CORPSPY03 Quarry Houston MASPY03 Van Dalsen Quarry Houston AHTDPY04 Quarry Houston MASPY04 International Paper Company, Souter Construction Houston OtherPY05 English Quarry (Test Blast) Nimrod AHTDPY06 McGlother Quarry Bigelow AHTDPY07 Jones Quarry Casa MAS, AHTDPY07 Hogan, Test Holes Casa AHTDPY08 Strassle Quarry OtherPY08 Quarry MASPY09 Nutt Quarry, Souter Construction Bigelow Park OtherPY09 Souter Construction, Nutt Quarry Bigelow Park Other

RD01 Undeveloped Site CORPSRD02 Baltz Quarry Pocahontas AHTD, MASRD03 Jarrett Quarry Maynard MAS, AHTDRD03 Freshour Quarry Maynard AHTDRD04 Melton, Curtis Quarry MASRD04 Quarry Supply AHTDRD05 Botard Quarry MASRD06 Melton, Curtis Quarry (#2) Pocahontas Other, AHTDRD07 Baltz Quarry (Old Quarry) Pocahontas OtherRD08 Thielemier Quarry (#1) Pocahontas OtherRD09 Thielemier Quarry (#2) Pocahontas Other, AHTDRD10 Harrington Quarry Pocahontas Other

SA01 Hot Springs Village Quarry Hot Springs Village AHTDSA01 Cooper Communities Quarry Hot Springs Village MSHASA02 Teague Brothers Pit Paron AHTDSA02 Weyerhauser Pit Paron AHTDSA03 West, Ira; I-30 Quarry Haskell AHTD

SB01 Jenny Lind Quarry, Arkhola Old Jenny Lind MAS, AHTD, MSHASB01 Arkhola, Jenny Lind Quarry Old Jenny Lind AHTDSB01 Tygart Quarry AHTD, CORPSSB01 Arkhola Sand & Gravel Greenwood AHTDSB02 Arkhola Sand & Gravel Fort Smith CORPSSB03 Fort Chaffee Quarry Fort Chaffee CORPSSB04 Hayes Quarry Mill Town MASSB06 Sebastian County Quarry Fort Smith MASSB07 Martin, Bobby Quarry Other, QUADSB08 Court House Slough Quarry MASSB09 Floyd Quarry MAS

SC01 Quarry Waldron MASSC02-CCG Mill Creek Mountain Quarry MASSC03-CCG Nelson Quarry MASSC04-CCG Quarry Waldron MASSC05-CCG McConnell Pit Y-City MAS, AHTDSC06-CCG Morgan & Hall Pit Rocky Branch MASSC06-CCG Morgan, Billie Quarry AHTD

SE01 Sutterfield Quarry Harriet MASSE02 Harris Quarry MAS, AHTDSE03 Ashley Quarry Leslie MAS, AHTDSE03 Freshour Quarry Leslie AHTDSE03 McClinton Anchor (APAC) Leslie AHTDSE04 Evans, Melvin Quarry Snowball MAS, AHTDSE05 Hudspeth Quarry St. Joe MAS, AHTDSE05 L & R Quarries, Hudspeth Quarry St. Joe AHTDSE06 Cooper Quarry Snowball AHTDSE07 Myrick Quarry, Rock Products AHTDSE07 Rock Products, Myrick Quarry AHTD

SH01 Abandoned Quarry CORPSSH02 Williams Quarry, Harold Carroll Ash Flat AHTDSH02 Arkansas Quality Stone, Rick Parrott Hardy OtherSH03 Evershire Quarry MASSH03 Veshire Quarry AHTDSH03 Harper, Ron Quarry Sharp County AHTDSH04 Freshour Quarry Poughkeepsie MASSH05 Morgan Quarry Williford MASSH06 Cushman Quarry Evening Shade MAS, AHTDSH07 Quarry Ash Flat MASSH07 Farris, Walter Quarry Ash Flat AHTDSH07 Freshour Quarry Ash Flat OtherSH08 Quarry Calamine MASSH09 Mize Quarry MASSH09 Polston Quarry Cave CitySH10 Moser Quarry Sidney MASSH11 Murphy Quarry Center MAS, AHTDSH12 Runsick Quarry MAS, AHTDSH13 Alexander Quarry AHTDSH14 Ace Partnership, Himschoot Quarry (Test Pit) Ash Flat AHTD, Other

ST01 Stone County Materials, Ace Partnership Sylamore AHTD, MSHAST01 Stone County Materials Allison AHTDST02 Ivy Quarry MAS, AHTDST03 Purdom Quarry Mountain View MAS, AHTDST04 Green, Oram Quarry Turkey Creek MAS, AHTDST05 Freeze Quarry Mountain View MASST06 Powell, Otis Quarry Timbo MAS, AHTDST07 U.S. Forest Service Quarry Allison MASST07 Middleton Quarry Allison AHTDST08 Wade Quarry Allison MAS, AHTDST09 U.S. Forest Service Quarry #2 Fifty-Six MASST10 Quarry Optimus MASST10 Cartwright Quarry AHTDST11 Cruse Quarry, Edwards Brothers Guion AHTDST11 Edwards Brothers, Cruse Quarry Guion AHTDST12 Haydin Quarry Allison AHTDST12 Rock Products, Haydin Quarry Allison Other

SV01 Railroad Cut? KCS Railroad CORPSSV02 Railroad Cut KCS Railroad CORPSSV03 Undeveloped Site Gillham CORPSSV04 Jester, Ollie Gillham CORPSSV06 Outcrop? Rolling Fork River CORPSSV07 HMB Quarry DeQueen AHTD, CORPSSV07 Weyerhauser Quarry, HMB Construction CORPSSV07 Provo Covenant Quarry DeQueen AHTD

VB01 Treece Quarry, Clinton Ready Mix MSHAVB01 Treece Quarry, Clinton AHTDVB01 T & T Materials, Treece Quarry Bee Branch AHTDVB02 Freshour Quarry MASVB03 Crownover Quarry Bee Branch MASVB04 Hatchett Quarry MASVB05 Jones Quarry MASVB06 Quarry MASVB06 Payton Creek Phosphate Mine Location Payton Creek OtherVB07 Ormond Quarry Denard MASVB08 Quarry MASVB09 Kline Quarry MAS, OtherVB11 Edwards Quarry MASVB12 Quarry MASVB12 Walls Quarry Gravesville AHTDVB13 Coffman Quarry Crabtree MASVB14 Moody Quarry Clinton MASVB15 Shull Quarry MASVB16 Jones Quarry MAS, AHTDVB17 Freeman Quarry, T & T Materials Tilly AHTD

VB18 Chason Quarry Formosa AHTDVB19 Van Buren County Quarry Choctaw OtherVB20 Hall Quarry (Test Pit) Clinton AHTD, Other

WA01 McClinton Anchor/APAC West Fork MAS, AHTD, MSHA, CORPSWA01 APAC/McClinton Anchor West Fork MSHA, AHTDWA02 Washington County Quarry Black Rock MSHAWA02 Sulphur City Quarry Sulphur City MASWA02 Washington County Quarry Sulphur City AHTDWA03 McClinton Anchor Johnson MAS, AHTDWA04 McClinton Quarry West Fork MAS, OtherWA05 Combs, Chester Quarry Durham MASWA06 Bush, Bill Quarry Lincoln MASWA07 Moore, Bill Quarry Farmington AHTDWA08 Twehous Construction, Pit #1, "Pitkin Strip" Devils Den State Park AHTD, OtherWA09 Twehous Construction, Pit #2 (Test) Devils Den State Park AHTDWA10 Mitchner Construction, Howard Quarry Durham AHTDWA10 Howard Quarry, Mitchner Construction Durham AHTDWA11 Hardy Construction, Brooks Quarry Durham AHTDWA11 Brooks Quarry, Hardy Construction Durham AHTDWA12 Washington County Quarry Morrow Other

WH01 Searcy Asphalt Materials Judsonia AHTD, MSHAWH01 St. Francis Materials Judsonia MASWH01 Hogan Quarry Judsonia AHTDWH01 Adler Creek Quarry, Hogan AHTDWH02 L & R Quarries, Bradford Quarry Bradford AHTDWH02 Smith Quarry Bradford AHTDWH02 D & S Construction, Smith Quarry Bradford AHTDWH03 L & R Quarries, Searcy Quarry Searcy AHTDWH04 Hogan, Bald Knob Bald Knob CORPSWH04 Acme Materials Bald Knob CORPSWH05 Acme Materials Company Bald Knob AHTD, MASWH05 Hogan Quarry Bald Knob AHTDWH06 Jackson Quarry, Rock Products Velvet Ridge AHTDWH06 Rock Products, Jackson Quarry Velvet Ridge AHTDWH07 Rock Products, Peacock Road Quarry Denmark AHTDWH07 Peacock Road Quarry, Rock Products Denmark AHTDWH08 L & R Quarries Floyd AHTDWH08 Vulcan Quarry Floyd OtherWH08 D & S Quarry Floyd AHTDWH08 Dugout Mountain Quarry, D & S Floyd AHTDWH09 McKee Quarry Bald Knob MASWH10 Shook, Kitty Quarry Pleasant Plains MASWH11 Blue Hole Quarry, Freshour Construction MASWH11 Freshour Construction, Blue Hole Quarry MASWH11 Blue Hole Wallow Antioch AHTDWH12 Roetzel Quarry Russell MAS, AHTDWH13 Neal Quarry Floyd AHTD

YE01 James Quarry Fourche Valley MASYE02-CCG Hunt Quarry Briggsville MASYE03-CCG Thomas Quarry Danville MAS, AHTDYE05 Quarry MASYE06 Miller Quarry Centerville MASYE07 Vestal Quarry Chickalah MASYE08 Quarry Plainview MASYE08 Deltic Timber Company Quarry Plainview AHTDYE09-CCG Cossage Quarry MASYE11 U.S. Government Quarry Danville MASYE12 Tillman Quarry Centerville MAS