ArsenicEnvironmentalestimates(circa2011):Supplementaldata

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TableofContents1.Dataforlifetimeexcesscancerriskestimates.....................................................................2

Overview.........................................................................................................................................2i. EnvironmentalConcentrations......................................................................................................2ii. CalculatedLifetimeDailyIntake...................................................................................................2iii. CancerPotencyFactors...............................................................................................................2iv. LifetimeExcessCancerRisk(permillionpeople)........................................................................3

Supportingdatabyexposurepathway............................................................................................3i. Outdoorair....................................................................................................................................3ii. Indoorair......................................................................................................................................3iii. Dust.............................................................................................................................................5iv. Drinkingwater.............................................................................................................................7v. FoodandBeverages.....................................................................................................................9

2.Dataqualityforlifetimeexcesscancerriskestimates........................................................12

3.Dataformappingconcentrations......................................................................................12Provincialestimates.......................................................................................................................12

i. RangeofPredictedConcentrations(µg/m3)byregion...............................................................12ii. Provincialtables.........................................................................................................................13

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1. DataforlifetimeexcesscancerriskestimatesOverviewThesummarydatausedtocalculatelifetimeexcesscancerriskandtheresultsforarsenicareprovidedinthetablesbelow.Formoredetailedinformationonsupportingdataandsources,seebelowforeachexposurepathway.

i. EnvironmentalConcentrations

ii. CalculatedLifetimeDailyIntake

iii. CancerPotencyFactors

SourcesforCancerPotencyFactors:

• HealthCanada,2010.FederalContaminatedSiteRiskAssessmentinCanada,PartI:GuidanceonHumanHealthPreliminaryQuantitativeRiskAssessment.Version2.0.

• HealthCanada,2010.FederalContaminatedSiteRiskAssessmentinCanada,PartII:HealthCanadaToxicologicalReferenceValues(TRVs)andChemical-SpecificFactors.Version2.0.

• UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyIntegratedRiskInformationSystem• CaliforniaOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessment,2009.AirToxicsHotSpotsRisk

AssessmentGuidelinesPartII:TechnicalSupportDocumentforCancerPotencyFactors,AppendixA.(Updated2011)

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iv. LifetimeExcessCancerRisk(permillionpeople)

1Lifetimeexcesscancerriskbasedonaverageintakexcancerpotencyfactorfromeachagency2Lifetimeexcesscancerriskbasedonmaximumintakexhighestcancerpotencyfactor3CaliforniaOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessment

Supportingdatabyexposurepathway

i. Outdoorair

Weassumearsenicispresentattheselevelsinalloutdoorair,althoughconcentrationsmayvaryfromonelocationtoanother.

ii. Indoorair

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Sourcesforindoorairdata:

• DermentzoglouM,ManoliE,SamaraC.2003.SourcesandpatternsofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsandheavymetalsinfineindoorparticulatematterofGreekhouses.FreseniusEnvironmentalBulletin12:1511-1519.

• LaiHK,KendallM,FerrierH,LindupI,AlmS,HanninenO,etal.2004.PersonalexposuresandmicroenvironmentconcentrationsofPM2.5,VOC,NO2andCOinOxford,UK.AtmosphericEnvironment38:6399-6410.

• NaK,SawantAA,CockerIIIDR.2004.TraceelementsinfineparticulatematterwithinacommunityinwesternRiversideCountry,CA:focusonresidentialsitesandalocalhighschool.AtmosphericEnvironment38:2867-2877.

• PekeyB,BozkurtZB,PekeyH,DoganG,ZararsizA,EfeN,etal.2010.Indoor/outdoorconcentrationsandelementalcompositionofPM10/PM2.5inurban/industrialareasofKocaeliCity,Turkey.IndoorAir201020:112-125.

• SaxSN,BennettDH,ChillrudSN,RossJ,KinneyPL,SpenglerJD.2006.Acancerriskassessmentofinner-cityteenagerslivinginNewYorkCityandLosAngeles.EnvironmentalHealthPerspectives114:1558-1566.

iii. Dust

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Sourcesfordustdata:• DavisJJ,GulsonBL.2005.Ceiling(attic)dust:A"museum"ofcontaminationandpotential

hazard.EnvironmentalResearch99:177-194.• HensleyAR,ScottA,RosenfeldPE,ClarkJJJ.2007.Atticdustandhumanbloodsamplescollected

nearaformerwoodtreatmentfacility.EnvironmentalResearch105:194-199.• RasmussenPE,LevesqueC,ChénierM,GardnerHD,Jones-Otazo,H,PetrovicS.2013.Canadian

HouseDustSurvey:Population-basedconcentrationsofarsenic,cadmium,chromium,copper,nickel,lead,andzincinsideurbanhomes.ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment443:520-529.

• RieuwertsJS,SearleP,BuckR.2006.BioaccessiblearsenicinthehomeenvironmentinsouthwestEngland.SceinceofTheTotalEnvironment371:89-98.

• TsujiJS,VanKerkoveMD,KaetzelRS,ScraffordCG,MinkPJ,BarrajLM,etal.2005.Evaluationofexposuretoarsenicinresidentialsoil.EnvironmentalHealthPerspectives113:1735-1740.

iv. Drinkingwater

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Sourcesfordrinkingwaterdata:• HealthCanada.2006.GuidelinesforCanadianDrinkingWaterQuality:GuidelineTechnical

Document-Arsenic.Ottawa,Ontario,Canada:WaterQualityandHealthBureau,HealthyEnvironmentsandConsumerSafetyBranch,HealthCanada.

• WilsonJ,SchreierH,BrownS.2008.ArsenicingroundwaterintheSurrey-Langleyarea.InstituteforResources&Environment,UniversityofBritishColumbia.ForFraserHealthAuthorityEnvironmentalHealthServicesandMinistryofEnvironment.

• WitmansMR,McDuffieHH,KarunanayakeC,KerrichR,PahwaP.2008.Anexploratorystudyofchemicalelementsindrinkingwaterandnon-Hodgkin'slymphoma.ToxicologicalandEnvironmentalChemistry90:1227-1247.

v. FoodandBeverages

Concentrationdatawereobtainedfor48%oftotalmeatconsumed,94%oftotalseafoodconsumed,30%oftotalfruitconsumed,52%oftotalvegetablesconsumed,9%oftotaldairyandeggsconsumed,65%oftotalgrainsconsumed,and35%oftotalbeveragesconsumed.

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2. DataqualityforlifetimeexcesscancerriskestimatesOnlypubliclyavailabledatawereusedtocalculatetheseindicators.Datathatarenotpubliclyavailablemayproducedifferentresults.Nosystematicmethodformeasuringdataqualitywaspossible,soweprovidethefollowingassessmentsofhowwellthedatausedmayrepresenttheactualCanadianaveragelevels.QualityisratedhigherwhentherearedatafromanumberofCanadianmonitors,orfromCanadianstudiesthatshowresultssimilartoothercomparablestudies.Qualityisratedlowerwhendatafromfewmonitorsorstudieswereavailable,andlowestwhenestimatesarebasedonnon-Canadiandata.Othersmayratedataqualitydifferently.

3.DataformappingconcentrationsProvincialestimates

i. RangeofPredictedConcentrations(µg/m3)byregionCanada:minimum0.00012tomaximum0.39BC:minimum0.00019tomaximum0.23AB:minimum0.00026tomaximum0.24SK:minimum0.00038tomaximum0.12MB:minimum0.00038tomaximum0.14ON:minimum0.00027tomaximum0.39QC:minimum0.00027tomaximum0.23NB:minimum0.00012tomaximum0.073PEI:minimum0.00037tomaximum0.017

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NS:minimum0.00016tomaximum0.091NFL:minimum0.00037tomaximum0.058YT:minimum0.00037tomaximum0.038NT:minimum0.00037tomaximum0.063NU:minimum0.00054tomaximum0.027

ii. ProvincialtablesTheaverageconcentrationofarsenicmeasuredinoutdoorairin2011was0.00043µg/m3,butconcentrationsofarseniccanbehigherorlowerthanaverageinmanylocations.Weusedamodeltopredictannualaverageconcentrationsofarsenicinoutdoorairatresidentiallocationsfortheyear2011inordertocalculatethenumberofpeopleineachexposurelevelbyprovinceorterritory.Thetablesbelowshowprovincialpopulationsbyconcentrationlevels(eitherannualaverageornumberoftimesabove/belowthenationalaverage)andtheassociatedpotentiallifetimeexcessriskgivendifferentcancerpotencyfactors.

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