arsenic groundwater contamination-bangladesh encheng zhou xiaowen kan
TRANSCRIPT
Arsenic Groundwater Arsenic Groundwater Contamination-Contamination-
BangladeshBangladesh
Encheng ZhouXiaowen Kan
IntroductionIntroduction
Prior to the 1970s the highest infant mortality rates in the world
UNICEF and the World Bank lsquos help(ground water well programme)
Over 8 million wells constructed
In 1993 Association of health problems with arsenic contamination
Estimated 35 to 77 million inhabitants are at risk of drinking contaminated water
Occurrence of arsenic in the Occurrence of arsenic in the worldworld
Bangladesh is not the only country with arsenic pollution of the groundwater but pollution is exceptionally widespread here
Arsenic ContaminationArsenic Contamination
A metalloid element known for its toxicity and carcinogenicity
70 million people possibly at risk
Still now it is difficult to resolve the problem
Country Effected Population EffectedBangladesh 60000000
Vietnam 2500000India 1000000China 720000
Taiwan 200000
Desorption fromFe(OH)3
Theories of Arsenic Theories of Arsenic MobilisationMobilisation
Mechanism of Mobilization
Anthropogenic Sources
PyritHypothesis
IndustryPharm ProductsMining
AgricultureFertilizerPestizides
Geogenic Mechanism
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
IntroductionIntroduction
Prior to the 1970s the highest infant mortality rates in the world
UNICEF and the World Bank lsquos help(ground water well programme)
Over 8 million wells constructed
In 1993 Association of health problems with arsenic contamination
Estimated 35 to 77 million inhabitants are at risk of drinking contaminated water
Occurrence of arsenic in the Occurrence of arsenic in the worldworld
Bangladesh is not the only country with arsenic pollution of the groundwater but pollution is exceptionally widespread here
Arsenic ContaminationArsenic Contamination
A metalloid element known for its toxicity and carcinogenicity
70 million people possibly at risk
Still now it is difficult to resolve the problem
Country Effected Population EffectedBangladesh 60000000
Vietnam 2500000India 1000000China 720000
Taiwan 200000
Desorption fromFe(OH)3
Theories of Arsenic Theories of Arsenic MobilisationMobilisation
Mechanism of Mobilization
Anthropogenic Sources
PyritHypothesis
IndustryPharm ProductsMining
AgricultureFertilizerPestizides
Geogenic Mechanism
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Occurrence of arsenic in the Occurrence of arsenic in the worldworld
Bangladesh is not the only country with arsenic pollution of the groundwater but pollution is exceptionally widespread here
Arsenic ContaminationArsenic Contamination
A metalloid element known for its toxicity and carcinogenicity
70 million people possibly at risk
Still now it is difficult to resolve the problem
Country Effected Population EffectedBangladesh 60000000
Vietnam 2500000India 1000000China 720000
Taiwan 200000
Desorption fromFe(OH)3
Theories of Arsenic Theories of Arsenic MobilisationMobilisation
Mechanism of Mobilization
Anthropogenic Sources
PyritHypothesis
IndustryPharm ProductsMining
AgricultureFertilizerPestizides
Geogenic Mechanism
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Arsenic ContaminationArsenic Contamination
A metalloid element known for its toxicity and carcinogenicity
70 million people possibly at risk
Still now it is difficult to resolve the problem
Country Effected Population EffectedBangladesh 60000000
Vietnam 2500000India 1000000China 720000
Taiwan 200000
Desorption fromFe(OH)3
Theories of Arsenic Theories of Arsenic MobilisationMobilisation
Mechanism of Mobilization
Anthropogenic Sources
PyritHypothesis
IndustryPharm ProductsMining
AgricultureFertilizerPestizides
Geogenic Mechanism
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Desorption fromFe(OH)3
Theories of Arsenic Theories of Arsenic MobilisationMobilisation
Mechanism of Mobilization
Anthropogenic Sources
PyritHypothesis
IndustryPharm ProductsMining
AgricultureFertilizerPestizides
Geogenic Mechanism
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Pyrit HypothesePyrit Hypothese
bull Pyrites minerals (FeAsS) are present inthe delta sedimentsbull Due to the lowering of the water table (byintensified extraction for irrigation)1048774 oxidation of pyrites deposits in so-calledVadosebull Arsenic adsorbs to Fe(OH)3bull During recharge period 1048774 release of As(same mechanisms as before)
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Health EffectsHealth EffectsOrgan System
Problems
Skin Symmetric hyperkeratosis of palms and soles melanosis or depigmentation bowens disease basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
liver Enlargement Jaundice cirrhosis non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Nervous System Peripheral neuropathy hearing loss
Cardiovascular System
Acrocyanosis and Raynauds Phenomenon
Hemopoietic System Megalobastosis
Respiratory System Lung Cancer
Endocrine System Diabetes mellitus and goiter
Signs of arsenicosis spots on the hands
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
Possibilities of Possibilities of EliminationElimination
For removal oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is neededPrinciple mechanismsbull oxidationbull adsorptionbull ion exchangeOxidationbull Oxidants such asbull O2bull O3bull KMnO4bull H2O2bull Mainly in industrializedcountriesCoagulation amp Adsorption
- Bucket Treatment Unit(1) Precipitation by metal salts inupper bucket(2) Coagulation by mixing(3) Adsorption by passing sandfilterbull precipitation + sedimentation filtrationbull membrane filtration
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh
ConclusionConclusionThe worst environmental catastrophe of the
twentieth century
The government needs to conduct effective water
Remediation techniques are available but are being limited
Every effort should be made to help the people of Bangladesh