art out book ebook

8/8/2019 Art Out Book eBook

1/19

w w w . a r t o u t . o r g
http://www.artout.org/http://www.artout.org/


2/19

M a a s M e d ia V e rla g , B e rl in V O / '4 0


3/19

"N o S ou l F or S ale " w as p rin te d on T ate M o de rn 's in vita tio n fo r its 1 O th a nn iv ers ary . P erh ap s w e a ren ot s ellin g o ur 'im m a te ria l la bo ur' (M a uriz io L az za ra to ) s o e as ily y et w e o fte n tre at o ur life a s c re ativ ep ro je cts (L uc B o lta ns ki). C h ris D e rc on , n ex t d ire cto r o f T a te M o d ern , d es crib es c re ativ e p ra ctitio ne rsto da y a s z om b ie s a nd v am p ire s du e to th e p re ca rio us w ork in g co nd itio ns w e fa ce a nd e nd le ss fre es erv ic es w e a re w illin g to o ffe r.W h en s elf-e xp lo ita tio n s ee m s to be th e n orm a s a s urv iv al s tra te gy , h ow is it p os sib le fo r c ultu ra lw ork ers to s ay 'n o'?W i th ou t e xis te ntia l s ec urity , w h at a bo ut o ur a bility to c ha lle ng e?H a s c on te m po ra ry a rt b ee n c om p le te ly a bs orb ed b y th e th ou gh t o f p olitic al c orre ctn es s?I - W e i L i, C E O o f A R TO U T


4/19

A RT O UT is m o re e xp lo siv e th an H olly wo od a nd fa r m o re in no va tiv e th an A rt B as el. It w ill tu rn y ou r lifein to a tru e a rtis tic e xp erie nc e. S erv ic es in clu de th e a rtis t s pe nd in g tim e w ith th e c lie nt, d is cu ss in ga rt a nd o th er is su es , a cc om p an yin g th e c lie nt to th e m o vie s, p la ys , re sta ura nts , a rt o pe nin gs , p erfo r-m a n ce s, a tte nd in g b irth da y p artie s, w e dd in gs , b ar m itz va h, fu ne ra ls , a ca de m ic c on fe re nc es , fu nd -ra is in g d in ne rs a nd o th er e ve nts .E ac h s po ns or o f a n A R TO U T e ve nt g ets a s pe cia l c ertif ic ate d es ig ne d b y th e a rtis t, c on firm in g th eirp artic ip atio n. P ho to a nd v id eo d oc um e nta tio n o f th e e ve nt a re a va ila ble u po n re qu es t.N ot a ll o f o ur a rtis ts a re lis te d in o ur d ire cto ry . If y ou ha ve a s pec ia l req ue st, d o n ot he sita te to c on ta ctu s. P re pa re y ou r A R TO U T ev en t a t le as t o ne m o nth in a dv an ce . W e o ffe r c orp ora te d is co un ts a s w eb elie ve a ny on e c an b ec om e a s uc ce ss fu l a rt a ffe ctio na do .T ra ve l a rra ng em e nts c an b e m a de .W e a cc ep t c om p an y & p ers on al c he ck s, c as h, a nd m o st m a jo r c re dit c ard s.


5/19

T he la w o f th e c a p ita lis t m ark e t w ith its e m ph a s is o n th e e v e r-n a rro w in g s p e c ia liz a tio n o f la b o r a n dm a x im iz atio n o f p ro fits in vite s a rtis ts to re in ve nt th em se lv e s o ve r a nd o ve r in o rd er to e sc a pe th em a rk e t- im p o se d lim its to th eir id en tity . T his lim ite d id en tity c o nfin es a rtis ts to s e ek s atis fy in g th e ru l-in g c la ss d em a n d fo r th e s p ec ia l c o m m o d ity fe tis h k n ow n a s A rt a nd re pro du ce in stitu tio na lly -d efin edid e o lo g y o f c u ltu re . In b o th c a s e s th e p ro d u c e r a n d th e c o n s u m er o f A rt a re lim ite d in th e ir fre e d o m b yth e tra ditio na l m o de s o f m a te ria l e xc ha ng e.W e , a t A RT OU T, b elie v e th a t a r t is a n o p e n c o n c e p t a n d a rtis tic p ra x is is th e p ro c e s s o f b e c o m in g th a tc orre sp on ds to th e to ta lity o f in div id ua l te m po ra lity . A rtis tic c re ativ ity re su lts fro m th e d ia le ctic al re la -tio n b e tw ee n th e a c c e p ta nc e o f th e m ark e t a s th e u n d e r ly in g p rin c ip le o f s o c ia l re a lity , a n d th e n e e dto e s c a p e its im pe ra tiv e s o f o b e d ie n c e a n d c o n s e n s u s ; its lo c u s is th e in d iv id u a lity o f th e a rtis t. T hea rtis t p la y s th e m es s e n g e r a n d th e m es s a g e , th e s e lf-m ed iu m th a t fin d s its le g it im ac y th ro u g h th ec h ar is m a tic n e ga tio n o f c o nv en tio n ality .W e b e lie v e th a t th e in d iv id ua lity o f th e a rtis t is fa r m ore s ig n ific a n t th a n th e m ate r ia l e n d -p ro d u c t o fth e a rtis t 's la bo r. W e a re e xte nd in g th e lim its o f th e tra ditio na l m a rk e t-m o d el to re co gn iz e th e a rtis ta s th e s e lf-d efin ed c o m m o d ity w ho se v a lu e re sid es in th e im m ate ria lity o f a rtis t 's c re ativ e b ec o m in g.S pe n d in g tim e in th e c o m pa n y o f th e a rtis t is a n e w "c re a tiv e " c o m m o d ity e x c h a n g e ; it re v e a ls p o w erre la tio ns w ith in th e e xis tin g a rtis t-p atro n p ara dig m a nd le ad s to th e m u tu al lib era tio n o f b oth a rtis tsa n d a rt p a tro n s fro m th e c o n d itio n o f s im p le m ate r ia l p ro d u c tio n a n d a c c u m ula tio n to th e n e x t le v e l o fth e d ire ct c re ativ e e xc h an ge w ith in th e d om in an t c a pita lis t a rt m a rk e t p ara dig m .


6/19

A R T O U T : a n in tr o d u c t i o nb y A n to n K os lo v M a yr

Ou 'e st-c e q u e ta rt? P ro stitu tio nC h a r le s B a u d e la ir e

A R TO U T es co rt s erv ic e p ro je ct, la un ch ed in P aris in 2 00 6, in m a ny w ay s is a fru it o f a lo ng o bs erv atio no f th e a rt sc en e b o th in E uro p e a nd in th e U nite d S ta te s . B etw ee n 2 0 00 a n d 2 0 06 , I ru n a n e d uc atio na lp ro je ct E n ga rd e th at in ve stig ate d th e p olitic al e co no m y o f a rt th ro ug h a s erie s o f e xh ib its , s em in arsa nd c on fe re nc es . E n ga rd e p rim a rily fo cu se d o n th e is su es re la te d to p ro du ctio n o f c ultu ra l o bje cts a ndm e an in g, th eir c on su m ptio n a nd th e id en tity o f a rtis ts , c rit ic s, c ura to rs a nd c olle cto rs w ith in a la rg erfra m ew ork o f th e c ap ita lis t m a rk et s ys te m in g en era l a nd th e a rt m a rk et in p ar tic ula r. H ow ev er , t hetra ditio na l a ca de m ic a pp ro ac h u po n w h ic h E n ga rd e w a s b as ed , d em o n stra te d its lim ita tio ns a nd b y2 00 6 it b ec am e c le ar th at a ny s erio us in qu iry , in o rd er to p ro du ce ta ng ib le re su lts , d em a nd s a m o rer a d ic a l s tr a te g y .T he id eo lo gic al g en ea lo gy o f A R T O U T m ay b e tra ce d to v ar io us s ou rc es . M ik ha il B a kh tin 's th eo ry o fth e c arn iv al, d ev elo pe d in h is s em in al R a be la is a nd H is W o rld is o ne o f th e m . P erfo rm a n ce a rt a s afo rm o f th is c a rn iv a le s qu e tim e , in w h ic h a cc ep te d b ou nd arie s a nd d is tin ctio ns b etw e en re ality a ndre pre se nta tio n a re s ub ve rte d (a nd th is is w h y it is ra dic ally d if fe re nt fro m tra ditio na l th ea te r) m a y b ea n e xa m ple . It e xp la in s w hy A R TO U T ha s a la rg e n um b er o f p erfo rm a nc e a rtis ts a s p ar tic ip an ts a nde nte rs s qu are ly in to th e tra ditio n o f "d is tu rb atio na l a rt" to u se A rth ur D a nto 's te rm '.A R T O U T m ay a lso b e p ut in th e co n te x t o f i n s ti tu t iona l c r it ique a s d ev elo pe d b y a rtis ts lik e A n dre aF ra se r a nd o th ers . In st itu tio na l c rit iq ue w a s c on ce iv ed a s a fo rm o f c om m e n ta ry o f th e v ar io us c ultu ra lin s titu tio n s a n d a s su m e d normal i t i es o f a rt a s w e ll a s d is ar tic ula tio n o f th e in st itu tio n o f a rt a nd itsv ario us p ra ctic es . In th e c as e o f A R T O U T ,it is th e re la tio ns hip b etw e en th e a rt is t a nd h is /h er c olle cto r/c on su m er (b oth in div id ua l a nd in stitu tio na l) th at is b ein g s ta ge d a s a p erfo rm a nc e.A R TO U T ha s a ls o b ee n in fo rm e d b y th e c on ce ptu al a rt in qu iry in to th e v ery m o rp ho lo gy o f a rt. T hisin qu iry , p olitic al in n atu re , q ue stio ns th e e co no m ic d im e n sio n o f a rt p ro du ctio n, n am e ly th e c om m o d ityfe tis h o f c u ltu ra l p ro d uc tio n, m y s tific a tio n o f p ro d uc ts a n d c o m m o d if ic a tio n o f th e a rtis t's p e rs o na lity .A t a c erta in s ta ge o f its d ev elo pm e nt, a rt lo st its a bility to g en era te its o w n d efin itio n a nd , th ere fo re ,p ro d uc e a n y s ig n ific a nt o p po sitio n al m o v e m e nt o u ts id e o f th e e x is tin g c u ltu ra l in st itu tio n s. C r ea tio no f c ultu ra lly s ig nific an t o bje cts h ad b ee n tu rn ed in to a n e nte rp ris e o f c re atin g m a rk eta ble "n ov elty ";fe tis his at io n o f n ov elty m e an t th e c olla ps e o f th e a va nt-g ard e s in ce a ny p olit ic al o pp os itio n to th ee xis tin g m o de o f a rt p ro du ctio n a nd d is tr ib utio n b ec am e im p os sib le . T he a rt m a rk et im p o se d to ta lre ific atio n o f th e p ro ce ss o f a rt p ro du ctio n, re du cin g it to m a nu fa ctu rin g o f o bje cts a nd e ve nts ins p ec ific ally d e sig n ate d s p ac e s b y p ro fe ss io n ally d e sig n ate d p e op le . C u ltu ra l in s titu tio n s b e ca m e th es up ers tru ctu re o f th e m a rke t p la c e o n w hich a rt w as b e in g b o ug ht a n d s old like a ny o th er m e rc ha n -d is e , re ly in g o n a n a ll-e n co m p a ss in g p ro c es s o f m y s tif ic a tio n . T h is m y s tific a tio n c on s is te d o f in v es tin go bje cts w ith th e m a rk et v alu e b y p la cin g th em in th e c on te xt o f a rt h is to ry . A r t o bje ct a s a c om m o dityfe tis h th at o ffe rs "a rt h is to ric al v alu e" b ec am e a n in ve stm e nt v eh ic le a nd a s s uc h re -a ffirm e d (a ndc on tin ue to re -a ffirm ) a c er ta in e co no m ic m o de l w ith its h is to ry o f a rt a nd its h ie ra rc hy o f c ultu re . Inm a ny w ay s, th e e ntire a rt m a rk et a nd its a dja ce nt in stitu tio na l te rr ito rie s b ec am e a o ne b ig B ern ardM a d o ff c o lle c tio n .. .


7/19

In th e firs t fo u r y e a rs o f its e x is te n c e (2 0 0 6 -2 0 1 0 ) A RT OU T w en t th ro u g h a fo rm ativ e s ta g e . It h a sb e e n d e n ig ra te d a n d a c c u s e d o f b e in g a n "il lic it" e n te rp ris e , s n u b b e d , p re s e n te d a s a fre a k s h o w , b u ta ls o h a ile d a s th e m os t in n o v a tiv e a rt p ro je c t in th e p e r io d o f g lo b al fin a n c ia l c r is is (b y T he N ew Y o rkP os t.) T od a y w e a re e n te rin g a n e w s ta g e - th a t o f a fu lly fu n c tio n a l c o m pa ny , w ith th e C EO , ad v is o ryb oa rd , d ep os ite d tra de m a rk , a nd re pre se ntin g a g ro up o f h ig hly m o tiv a te d a rtis ts .A RT O UT is a n o p e n -e n d p ro je c t th a t is s e t to o p e ra te o n th e th re s h o ld b e tw ee n "re a lity " a n d "a rt" a n dd e fie s th e id e a o f a d e s ig n a te d a rt s p a c e . A RT O U T m ay v e ry w ell b e a re la tio n a l p ro je c t, a lth o u g h , w ed o n o t b e lie v e th a t o n e n ig h t-o u t w ith a n a rtis t c a n p ro d u c e a re la tio n s h ip - a n e n te rp ris e to o u to p ia nto b e ta k e n s e r io u s ly . H ow ev e r, w e b e lie v e th a t th e m ea n in g in a rt, ju s t lik e th e m ea n in g in a la n -g u a g e , re s id e s n e ith e r in th e a rtis t 's in te n tio n n o r in w ha t h e o r s h e d o e s b u t a t a p o in t b e tw ee n th ea rtis t 's in te n tio n a n d th a t o f h is o r h e r v ie w er a n d c o n s u m er. O ur g o a l (a n d /o r o u r p ro d u c t) is to c re a tea d ia lo g iz e d h e te ro g lo s sia th at e xp lo re s a n a lre ad y e xis tin g s e t o f m e a nin gs , re la tio ns , c lic h es a ndp re -c o n c e iv e d id e a s . B y d o in g s o w e w an t to fu r th e r th e o n g o in g in q u iry in to th e n a tu re o f a r t p ro d u c -tio n a n d te s t th e lim its o f th e "a rt s c e n e " to s e e w he th e r th e B au d le r ia n in s ig h t in to th e n a tu re o f a r ts till h o ld s tru e : ''I 'a r t ... p e u t d e riv e r d 'u n s e n tim en t g e n e re u x : Ie g o u t d e la p ro s titu tio n ; m a is il e s tb ie nt6 t c orro m p u p ar Ie g ou t d e la p ro pr le te .?

1 D a nto , A rth ur - T he P hilo so ph ic al D is en fra nc his em e nt o f A rt, C o lu m bia U n iv ers ity P re ss , 2 00 52 A rt . .. c a n b e d er iv e d fro m a g en e ro us s en tim en t: th e ta ste o f p ro s titu tio n ; b u t it s o on is c orru pte d b y th e ta s te o f p ro p e rty .


8/19

T he G eo po litics o f P im p in gb y S u ely R o ln ik

B ir t h o f a F le x ib le S u b je c tiv ity

U n til th e e arly 1 96 0s w e liv ed b en ea th a d is cip lin ary F ord is t re gim e th at re ac he d its h eig ht in th e"A m eric an w ay o f life " tr iu m ph an t in th e p os tw ar p erio d, w he n a p olitic s o f id en tity re ig ne d in s ub je c-t iv ity , a lo ng w ith a re je ctio n o f th e re so na nt b od y. T h es e tw o a sp ec ts a re in fa ct in se pa ra ble , b ec au seo nly to th e e xte nt th at w e a ne sth etiz e o ur v uln era bility c an w e m a in ta in a s ta ble im a ge o f o urs elv esa n d th e o th er , th a t is , o u r s up p os e d id e ntitie s . W i th o ut th is a n es th e sia , w e a re c on s ta n tly d e te rr ito ria l-iz ed a nd le d to re co nfig ure th e o utlin es o f o ur s elv es a nd o ur te rr ito rie s o f e xis te nc e. U n til th e e ar ly1 96 0s , th e c re ativ e im a gin atio n o pe ra te d m a in ly b y s ne ak in g a wa y to th e fr in ge s. T ha t p erio d c am e toa n e nd in th e c ou rs e o f 1 96 0s -7 0s a s a re su lt o f c ultu ra l m o ve m en ts th at p ro ble m atiz ed th e g ov ern -in g re gim e o f th e t im e , c allin g fo r " I'im a g in atio n a u p ou vo ir." T ho se m o v em e n ts b ro ug ht th e d om in an tm o de o f s ub je ctiv at io n in to c ris is , a nd it s oo n c olla ps ed a lo ng w ith th e e ntire s tru ctu re o f th e V ic to ria nfa m ily a t its H olly wo od a p o ge e - a s tru c tu re w hich h a d b e en fu nd am e n ta l fo r th e re g im e w ho se h eg e-m o ny b eg an to fa de a t th at m o m en t. A "f le xib le s ub je ctiv ity " w as th en c re ate d, a cc om p an ie d b y ra di-c al e xp erim e n ta tio n w ith m o d es o f e xis te nc e a nd c ultu ra l c re atio n w h ic h s ha tte re d th e "b ou rg eo is "life sty le a t its p olitic s o f d es ire , w ith its lo gic o f id en tity , its re la tio n to o th ern es s a nd its c ultu re . In th ere su ltin g "c ou nte r-c ultu re ," a s it w a s c alle d, fo rm s w e re c re ate d to e xp re ss th at w h ic h w a s in dic ate db y th e re so na nt b od y a ffe cte d b y th e o th ern es s o f th e w orld , a t g rip s w ith th e p ro ble m atic s o f its tim e .T he fo rm s th us c re ate d te nd to tra ns m it s ub je ctiv ity 's in co rp ora tio n o f th e fo rc es th at s ha ke u p th ee nv iro nm e nt a nd d ete rr ito ria liz e it. T he a dv en t o f s uc h fo rm s is in se pa ra ble fro m a b ec om in g-o th er o fth e s elf , b ut a ls o o f th e e n viro nm e n t. It ca n b e s aid th a t th e c re a tio n o f th ese n e w te rr ito r ie s h as to d ow ith p ub lic life , in th e s tro ng s en se o f th e p hra se : th e c olle ctiv e c on stru ctio n o f re ality m o ve d b y th ete ns io ns th at d es ta biliz e th e re ig nin g c arto gra ph ie s, a s th es e a ffe ct th e b od y o f e ac h p ers on s in gu -la rly , a nd a s th ey a re e xp re ss ed o n th e b as is o f th at s in gu la r a ffe ct. In o th er w ord s, w ha t e ac h p ers one xp re ss is th e c u rre n t s ta te o f th e w orld - its m ea n in g , b u t a lso a n d m a in ly , its la cks o f m ea n in g - a sit p re se nts its elf w ith in th e b od y. S o , th e s in gu la r e xp re ss io n o f e ac h p ers on p artic ip ate s in th e e nd -le s s tr ac in g o f a n e ce s sa rily c o lle c tiv e c ar to g ra p hy .T od ay th es e tra ns fo rm a tio ns h av e c on so lid ate d th em s e lv es . T he s ce na rio o f o ur tim e s is c om p le te lyd iffe re nt: w e a re n o lo ng er b en ea th th e re gim e o f id en tity , th e p olit ic s o f s ub je ct iv atio n is n o lo ng er th es am e . W e a ll n ow h av e a va ila ble a fle xib le a nd p ro ce ss ua l s ub je ctiv ity a s in stitu te d b y th e c ou nte r-c ultu ra l m o ve m en ts , a nd o ur fo rc e o f c re at io n in its e xp erim e nta l fre ed om is n ot o nly fa vo ra bly v ie we da nd w e lc om e d, b ut is e ve n s tim u la te d, c ele bra te d a nd fre qu en tly g la m o riz ed . H o w ev er, in a ll th is th ereis a "b ut," w h ic h is h ard ly n eg lig ib le . In th e p re se nt, th e m o s t c om m o n d es tin y o f fle xib le s ub je ctiv itya nd o f th e fre ed om o f c re at io n th at a cc om p an ie s it is n ot th e in ve ntio n o f fo rm s o f e xp re ss io n m o ti-v ate d b y a n a tte ntio n to s en sa tio ns th at s ig na l th e e ffe cts o f th e o th er's e xis te nc e w ith in o ur re so na ntb od y. W h at g uid es u s in th is c re atio n o f te rr ito rie s fo r o ur p os t-F ord is t fle xib ility is a n a lm o s t h yp no ticid en tific atio n w ith th e im a ge s o f th e w o rld b ro ad ca st b y a dv ertis in g a nd m a ss c ultu re .B y o ffe rin g re a dy -m a d e te rr ito rie s to s u bje c tiv itie s r en d ere d fra g ile b y d e te rr ito ria liz a tio n , th e se im -a ge s te nd to s oo th e th eir u nre st, th us c on tr ib utin g to th e d ea fn es s o f th eir re so na nt b od y, a nd th ere -fo re to its in vu ln e ra b ility to th e a ffe cts o f th e tim e th at a re p re se n te d w ith in it. B ut th a t m a y n o t b e th em o st d ea dly a sp ec t o f th is p olit ic s o f s ub je ct iv atio n, w h ic h in ste ad is th e v ery m e ss ag e th at s uc h im -


9/19

a ge s in va ria bly c on ve y, in de pe nd en tly o f th eir s ty le o r th eir ta rg et-p ub lic . A t s ta ke h ere is th e id ea th atth ere e xis t p ara dis es , th at th es e a re n ow in th is w orld a nd n ot b ey on d it , a nd a bo ve a ll, th at c erta inp eo ple h av e th e p riv ile ge o f in ha bitin g th em . W h at is m o re , s uc h im a ge s tra ns m it th e illu sio n th at w ec ou ld b e o ne o f th es e V IP s, i f w e s im p ly in ve ste d a ll o ur v ita l e ne rg y - o ur d es ire , a ffe ct, k no wle dg e,in te lle ct, e ro tic is m , im a g in atio n, a ctio n, e tc . - in o rd er to a ctu aliz e th es e v irtu al w o rld s o f s ig ns in o uro wn e xis te nc e, th ro ug h th e c on su m ptio n o f th e o bje cts a nd s erv ic es th ey p ro po se to u s.W h at w e a re fa ce d w ith h ere is a n ew e la n fo r th e id ea o f p ara dis e d ev elo pe d b y Ju de o-C hris tia nre lig io ns : th e m ira ge o f a s m o oth ed -o ve r, s ta ble life u nd er p erfe ct c on tro l. T h is k in d o f h allu cin atio nh as its o rig in in th e re fu sa l o f o ne 's v uln era bility to th e o th er a nd to th e d ete rr ito rr ia liz in g tu rb ule nc eth at h e o r s he p ro vo ke s; a nd a ls o in th e d is da in fo r fra gility th at n ec es sa rily d eriv es fro m s uc h a ne xp erie nc e. T h is fra gility is n on eth ele ss e ss en tia l b ec au se it in dic ate s th e c ris is o f a c er ta in d ia gra mo f s en sib ility , its m o de s o f e xp re ss io n, its c arto gra ph ie s o f m e a nin g. B y d is da in in g fra gility , it d oe sn ot c all u p th e d es ire fo r c re at io n a ny m ore ; in ste ad it p ro vo ke s a s en tim e nt o f h um ilia tio n a nd s ha m ew ho se re su lt is th e b lo ck ag e o f th e v ita l p ro ce ss . In o th er w ord s, w ha t th e W e ste rn id ea o f a p ro m is edp ara dis e a m ou nts to is a re fu sa l o f life in its im m a ne nt n atu re a s a n im p uls e to c on tin uo us p ro ce ss eso f c re at io n a nd d iffe re ntia tio n. In its te rre str ia l v ers io n, c ap ita l h as re pla ce d G o d in h is fu nc tio n a sk ee pe r o f th e p ro m ise , a nd th e v irtu e th a t m a ke s u s w orth y o f it n ow b e co me s co nsu m ptio n: th is isw ha t c on stitu te s th e fu nd am e nta l m y th o f a dv an ce d c ap ita lis m . In s uc h a c on te xt, it is a t th e v eryle as t m is ta ke n to c on sid er th at w e la ck m y th s to da y: it is p re cis ely th ro ug h o ur b elie f in th is re lig io usm y th o f n eo lib era lis m , th at th e im a ge -w orld s p ro du ce d b y th is re gim e tu rn in to c on cre te re ality in o uro w n e x is te n ce .

F le xib le S ub je ctiv ity S urre nd ers to its P im pIn o th er w ord s, th e "c ultu ra l" o r "c og nitiv e" c ap ita lis m th at w as c on ce iv ed a s a s olu tio n to th e c ris isp ro v ok ed b y th e m o ve m e nts o f th e 1 96 0s -7 0 s a b so rb e d th e m o d e s o f e x is te nc e th at th os e m o ve -m e n ts in v en te d a n d a p pro p ria te d th e ir s ub je c tiv e fo rc e s, e s pe c ia lly th at o f th e c re a tiv e p o te n tia l,w h ic h a t th e t im e w as b re ak in g fre e in s oc ia l life . T he c re ativ e p ote ntia l w as in e ffe ct p ut in to p ow er,a s w as ca lle d fo r b y th os e m o v em e n ts . Y et w e k no w n o w th at th is r ise o f th e im a g in a tio n to p o we ris a m ic ro po lit ic al o pe ra tio n th at c on sis ts in m a k in g its p ote ntia l in to th e m a jo r fu el o f a n in sa tia bleh yp erm a c hin e fo r th e p ro d u ct io n a nd a c cu m u la tio n o f ca pita l - to th e p o in t w he re o ne ca n sp e ak o fa n ew w ork in g c la ss , w h ic h s om e a uth ors c all th e "c og nita ria t." T his k in d o f p im p in g o f th e c re ativ efo rc e is w ha t h as b ee n tra ns fo rm in g th e p la ne t in to a g ig an tic m a rk etp la ce , e xp an din g a t a n e xp o-n en tia l ra te , e ith er b y in clu din g its in ha bita nts a s h yp era ctiv e z om b ie s o r b y e xc lu din g th em a s h um a ntra sh . In fa ct, th os e tw o o pp os in g p ole s a re in te rd ep en de nt fru its o f th e s am e lo gic ; a ll o ur d es tin ie su nfo ld b etw ee n th em . T his is th e w orld th at th e im a gin at io n c re ate s in th e p re se nt. A s o ne m ig hte xp ec t, th e p olitic s o f s ub je ctiv atio n a nd o f th e re la tio n to th e o th er th at p re do m in ate s in th is s ce na riois e x tr em e l y im p o v e ris h e d.C u rre ntly , a fte r a lm o st th re e d ec ad es , it is p os sib le to p erc eiv e th is lo gic o f c og nitiv e c ap ita lis m o p-e ra tin g w ith in o ur s ub je c tiv ity . Y e t in th e la te 1 9 70 s , w h e n its in s ta lla tio n b e ga n , th e e x pe rim e n ta tio nth at h ad b ee n c arr ie d o ut c olle ctiv ely in th e d ec ad es b efo re in o rd er to a ch ie ve e m an cip atio n fro m th ep a tte rn o f F o rd is t a n d d is c ip lin a ry s ub je c tiv ity w a s q u ite d iffic u lt to d is tin g uis h fro m its in c orp o ra tio nin to th e n ew re gim e . T he c on se qu en ce s o f th is d iff ic ulty a re th at th e c lo nin g o f th e tra ns fo rm a tio nsp ro po se d b y th os e m o ve m en ts w as e xp erie nc ed b y a g re at m a ny o f th eir p ro ta go nis ts a s a s ig na lo f re co gn it io n a nd in clu sio n: th e n ew re gim e a pp ea re d to b e lib era tin g th em fro m th e m a rg in ality to


10/19

w hic h th ey h ad b e en co n fin ed in th e "p ro vin cia l" w orld th a t w as n o w fa din g a w ay . D az zle d b y th e r iseto p ow er o f th eir tra ns gre ss iv e a nd e xp erim e nta l fo rc e o f c re atio n w h ic h w as n ow th ru stin g th em b e-n ea th th e g la m or iz in g s po tlig hts o f th e m e dia , la un ch in g th em in to th e w orld a nd lin in g th eir p oc ke tsw ith d olla rs , th e in ve nto rs o f th e tra ns fo rm a tio ns o f e arlie r d ec ad es fre qu en tly fe ll in to th e tra p. M a n yo f th em s urre nd ere d th em s e lv es v olu nta rily to th eir p im p , b ec om in g th e v ery c re ato rs a nd c on stru c-to rs o f th e w orld fa bric ate d b y a nd fo r th e n ew -s ty le c ap ita lis m .T his c on fu sio n u nd ou bte dly s te m s fro m th e p olitic s o f d es ire th at c ha ra cte riz es th e p im p in g o f s ub -je ctiv e a nd c re ativ e fo rc es - a k in d o f p ow erre la tio n th at is b as ic ally e xe rte d th ro ug h th e s orc ery o fs ed uc tio n. T he s ed uc er c on ju re s u p a s pe llb in din g id ea liz atio n th at le ad s th e s ed uc ed to id en tify w ithth e s ed uc er a nd s ub m it to h im : th at is to s ay , to id en tify w ith a nd s ub m it to th e a gg re ss or, im p elle db y a n in ne r d es ire , in h op es o f b ein g re co gn iz ed a nd a dm itte d in to th e s ed uc er's w or ld . O n ly re ce ntlyh as th is s itu atio n b ec om e c on sc io us , w h ic h te nd s to b re ak th e s pe ll. T h is tra ns pire s in th e d iffe re nts tra te gie s o f in div id ua l a nd c olle ctiv e re sis ta nc e th at h av e b ee n a cc um u la tin g o ve r th e la st fe w y ea rs ,p artic ula rly th ro ug h th e in itia tiv e o f a n ew g en era tio n w h ic h d oe s n ot in a ny w ay id en tify w ith th ep ro po se d m o de l o f e xis te nc e a nd u nd ers ta nd s th e tr ic k th at h as b ee n p la ye d. It is c le ar th at a rtis ticp ra ct ic es - th ro ug h th eir v ery n atu re a s e xp re ss io ns o f th e p ro ble m atic s o f th e p re se nt a s th ey flo wth ro ug h th e a rtis t's b od y - c ou ld h ard ly re m ain in diffe re nt to th is m o ve m en t. O n th e c on tra ry , it is e x-a ctly fo r th is re as on th at th es e q ue stio ns e m erg ed in a rt fro m th e e ar ly 1 99 0s o nw ard , a s m e ntio ne da t th e o uts et. U s in g d iffe re nt p ro ce du re s, th es e s tra te gie s h av e b ee n c arry in g o ut a n e xo du s fro m th em in efie ld s tre tc hin g b etw e en th e o pp os ite a nd c om p le m e nta ry fig ure s o f lu xu ry a nd tra sh s ub je ct iv -ity , th e fie ld in w h ic h h um a n d es tin ie s a re c on fin ed in th e w orld o f g lo ba liz ed c ap ita lis m . A m id st th ise xo du s, o th er k in ds o f w o rld s a re b ein g c re ate d.F r o m h t tp : / / t rans fo rm.e ipcp .ne t l t ransve rsa l /11 06/ro ln ik /enTrans la ted b y B r ia n H o lm e s
http://transform.eipcp.netltransversal/11http://transform.eipcp.netltransversal/11


11/19

S ta gin g C u ltu ra l P ro sp erityb y J o n R efsd al M o e

T he re is g en era l a gre em e nt n ow th at c ultu re is c ap ita lis m . W h eth er th eir v alu e is fin an cia l o r s ym -b olic , th e p ro ce ss es a nd p ro du cts o f c ultu ra l e xp re ss io n a re w id ely a ck no wle dg ed a s s ub m itte d to a na dv an ce d n etw o rk o f c ap ita l tra ns ac tio ns . T he p ro ce ss es o f g lo ba l c ap ita lis m h av e lo ng s in ce in va de dth e s p he re o f a rtis tic p ro du c tio n .C yn ic al a s it m a y s ee m , th is a ss er tio n h as n ev er b ee n a ck no wle dg ed b y a rtis ts th em s elv es . F ro mth e c ut-u p p ain tin gs o f th e e arly a va nt-g ard e to th e d eg ra da tio n o f th e b od y in c on te m po ra ry p er fo r-m a nc e, a rt h as a lw ay s c ha lle ng ed th e id eo lo gic al c on ce pt o f its o wn a uto no m y: th e id ea th at a es -th etic s is s ec lu de d fro m th e p ro ce ss es o f c om m e rc ia l a nd c ultu ra l p ro du ct io n. In th e e arly ~ O 's , th es cru tin y o f a rt's s oc io -e co no m ic a nd id eo lo gic al p re m is es th at th e n in etie s k ne w a s p os tm o d ern is m ,h as le d to th e d ev elo pm e nt o f a n ew a es th etic s, b as ed o n a d ec on stru ct io n o f b ou nd arie s b etw ee na e sth e tic , p olitic a l a n d in te lle c tu a l e x pe rie n ce , a n d o n th e c on s eq u en tia l c u ltu ra l in te rc h an g e b e tw e e na rtis ts , in te lle c tu a ls a n d p o litic a l a c tiv is ts . B e it p u b lic a tio n s , e x h ib itio n s o r c o n cr et e p ie c e s, tr ad itio n a lin stitu tio ns o f m o de rn a rt h av e b ec om e v eh ic le s fo r p olitic al a s w e ll a s a es th etic d is cu ss io n, a llo w in gth e se d is c ou rs e s to in te rw e a ve .D e sp ite re pe ate d e ffo rts to re cy cle its p olitic al re le va nc e, n o s im i la r d ev elo pm e nt c an b e s aid to h av eta k en p la c e in E u ro p ea n th e atre . T h ere is litt le c ritic a l d is c ou rs e s u rro u nd in g th e tra d itio n al in st itu -t io ns , a nd a es th etic e xp erim e n ta tio n a s w e ll a s p olit ic al d is cu ss io n is le ft to o ff-o ff c om p a nie s, o pe r-a tin g in th e m a rg in s o f b oth s ub sid y a nd p ub lic ity . T he atre in E uro pe s ee m s n ot to h av e u nd erg on eth e s am e d ec on stru ctiv e p ro ce ss a s th at o f th e v is ua l a rts , a nd o ne m ig ht a sk w he th er th ea tre is s tillp ro te cte d b y th e m o de rn is t illu sio n o f a rt is tic a uto no m y th at o nc e g ov ern ed th e a rt in stitu tio n a s aw ho le . T he a ns we r to th is q ue stio n is y es , b ut o nly in so fa r a s a rtis tic a uto no m y is a v ia ble c urre nc y; a na pp ro pria te m e a ns to in cre as e th ea tre 's m a rk et p ote ntia l in th e s ym b o lic e co no m y o f c ultu re .T he atre in E u ro pe h as n ev er re ac he d th e v is ua l a rts ' le ve l o f a es th etic a uto no m y . M o re th an a rtis ticp re se nta tio n, th ea tre h as a lw a ys b ee n a re -p re se nta tio n: a m o re o r le ss p ertin en t d is pla y o f s om e -th in g p rio r to it. F or t his re as on , g ov ern in g p rin cip le s o f th ea tre h av e a lw ay s b ee n s ou gh t b ey on d th eb ord ers o f th e th ea tr ic al e ve nt. T he atre 's o wn w orth h as b ee n e xa m in ed o nly in its a bility to c on fo rmto a n 'e xc ee din g lo gic ' ( i.e . a lo gic th at g oe s b ey on d th e b ou nd arie s o f th e s pe cific d is co urs e in w h ic ho ne is o pe ra tin g) . C o ns eq ue ntly , th ere h as n ot b ee n m u ch o f a n a uto no m o us d is co urs e to d ec on stru ctin t h ea t re .H is to ric ally , th ea tre h as p la ye d a n im p orta nt p art in th e n atio n b uild in g o f y ou ng c ou ntr ie s th ro ug ho utE uro pe . An d a lth ou gh its a m bitio ns m a y n o lo ng er s ee m s o lo fty a s e sta blis hin g a s up re m e n atio na le s se n ce , th e atre s till h o ld s a p rim a r y fu n ctio n in r ep re s en tin g n a tio na l id e ntity . T h is id e ntity , h o w ev e r,is n ot a n im a gin ed c om m o n g ro un d fo r th e c itiz en s o f a p art ic ula r n atio n, b ut ra th er a n in dic ato r o f th en atio n's c ultu ra l p ro sp erity , its a ss ets in th e c irc uit o f th e s ym b o lic e co no m y .E uro pe an th ea tre to da y w ork s m a in ly a s a p ro vid er o f s ym b olic c ap ita l, n ot o nly to th e re sp ec tiv ec ou ntr ie s in in tra -c on tin en ta l c om p etit io n, b ut a ls o to E u ro pe its elf a s a c on tin en t a nd e co no m ic u nio n.T hro ug h a h ig h le ve l o f h ig h c ultu re , th e c ha lle ng es to E u ro pe an id en tity p re se nte d b y th e c ultu rein du stry o f A s ia a nd th e U S a re k ep t a t b ay . As a re th e c ha lle ng es ra is ed b y c on te m po ra ry a es th etic


12/19

B a se d o n th e a ss um p tio n th at c om m e rc ia l in te re st is a n im p ed im e nt to a rtis tic e xc elle nc e, th ea tre sth ro u gh o ut E u ro p e a re s u sta in e d fin a nc ia lly a s a u to n om o u s in s titu tio ns . H o w e ve r, th is s im u la te da uto no m y a ctu ally b ec om e s d es ta bilis ed , a s th ea tre s im u la te s its o w n s ub m is sio n to th e m a rk ete c o n o m y !T his te nd en cy th at e m erg ed in th e e arly n in etie s h as b ee n c en tra l to th e c ultu ra l p olit ic s o f s m allc ou ntr ie s lik e N orw ay a nd D en m ark . D em a nd s a re m a de o f th e h ea vily fin an ce d th ea tre in stitu tio ns o fth es e c ou ntr ie s to e xe rc is e a c er ta in a m ou nt o f h ard -h ea de d e co no m ic c om p ete nc e, in o rd er th at th eyre g a in s om e sm a ll sh are o f w ha t th ey h av e b ee n g ive n th ro ug h p u blic su bs id y . A nd so , w ith a p ara -d ox ic al tw is t to c la ss ic c ultu re c on se cra tio n, E u ro pe an th ea tre s im u la te s m a rk et s ub m is sio n, to re nd erits o wn w ith dra wa l fro m th e m a rk et le gitim a te .A ll th is h a s m e a n t th a t T he a tre h a s b e co me a sh ow ca se o f s ucc es se s fro m o th er m e d ia . It h a s s ub -m itte d to th e c irc ula tio n th at re nd ers th e p ro du cts o f o th er m e dia a s tra de m ark s, a nd , b ec au se it h asw ith dra w n fro m th e s am e c irc ula tio n, it is d ep riv ed o f th e p os sib il ity o f p ro du cin g s im i la r tra de m ark so f its o wn . W h ic h m ig ht e xp la in la st y ea r's p ro du ct io n o f Je rry S prin ge r: th e O p era a t B rita in 's R oy alN a tio na l T he atre , a nd th e m o v ie s ta r E m a nu elle S e ig ne r p la yin g H e dd a G a ble r in P a ris , n ot to m e n tio nth e m a n y s ta te -fin an ce d re -s ta gin gs o f m o vie b lo ck bu ste rs o n n atio na l th ea tre s in S c an din av ia , s uc ha s A C lo ck wo rk O ra ng e, T h e C e le bra tio n a nd e ve n T he F ull M o nty .W ith dra w n fro m th e c irc ula tio n o f c ultu ra l c ap ita l, th ea tre is d ep riv ed o f th e d is cu ss io ns g ov ern in gc on te m p ora ry a es th et ic s. N e ve rth ele ss , a s a re su lt o f d em a n ds fo r its e co no m ic s elf-s uff ic ie nc y, it iss ub m itte d to th e s am e c irc ula tio n. T hro ug h th is d ou ble s tra te gy , E u ro pe an c ou ntr ie s m a in ta in th eirth ea tre s a s im p o te nt in stitu tio ns , w ith ou t c om m e rc ia l p ote nt ia l, b ut w ith s tr ic tly c om m e rc ia l b ou nd -a rie s. T his m ix tu re o f w ith dra wa l a nd s ub m is sio n e ns ure s th at th ea tre is k ep t a liv e a s a s ym b ol o fc u ltu ra l p ro s pe rity , w h ile a d is c us s io n o f th e atre 's a e sth e tic , p o litic a l a n d s o cio -e c on o m ic p re m is e s isk ep t a t b ay . N o w , a s th is d is cu ss io n h as b ee n c ru cia l to th e p ro ce ed in gs o f c on te m po ra ry a rt, th ere isg oo d re as on to in sis t th at th ea tre , n ot le as t fro m a n a es th et ic v ie wp oin t, s ho uld b e its n ex t o bje ct o fscru t i ny .


13/19

B u y Y o u r O w n A r t E x p e r i e n c eb y L e b a n -K l e in d ie n s t

W h o, h ow a n d w ha t d e fin es w ha t a n a rtw ork IS ? T he a n sw er to th is q ue stio n ca n b e tra c ed in th e s ys -te m o f v alo riz at io n o f a rtw o rk , w h ic h d efin es , v alu es a nd p la ce s th e a rtw o rk in a la rg er s oc ia l c on te xtin sc rib in g it a t th e s am e tim e in to th e g en ea lo gy o f h is to ry o f a rt. O n e o f th e fu nd am e nta l p ro ble m so f th e a rt w orld a n d th e a rt m a rke t is th e ir a tta c hm e n t to th e o rig in a l a s so me k in d o f fe t ish , w hic ho f c ou rs e is p ro pe rly e va lu ate d a s a ll th e o th er s oc ie ty 's fe tis he s in sta lle d in to a s pe cif ic h ie ra rc hi-c al v alo riz atio n s tru ctu re . T he p ro je ct B u y Y o u r O w n A rt E x pe rie nc e e xp lo re s a nd e xp os es th e is su e o fid ea liz atio n o f a rt a nd th e a rtis t, th e v alo riz at io n s ys te m o f a rtw o rk s a nd c ap ita l p ro du ce d th ro ug h th ec ultu re in du stry . T he p ro je ct c on sis ts o f f iv e p erfo rm a nc es d oc um e n te d in p ho to gra ph s. T ho se w h ob uy th e p erfo rm a nc e w ill h av e th e p os sib ility to p artic ip ate in th e re al p erfo rm a tiv e a ct. O n th e c on -tra ry , if o ne d ec id es to b uy a p ho to gra ph (o bje ct) , th e p erfo rm a nc es w ill b e in te rru pte d a nd th e fin alre su lt o f th e p ro je ct w ill b e a n o bje ct-p ho to gra ph a s a p ure c om m e rc ia l a rte fa ct. T hu s th e b uy er w illb e fa ce d w ith th e fa ct th at h e/s he c an c on sc io us ly a ctiv ate th e p ro ce ss o f c on te xt a lie na tio n, w h ic hc an ce ls th e p erfo rm a tiv e e le m en t o f th e p ro je ct b y tra ns fo rm in g it in to a n o bje ct.T h e L e ba n -K le in d ie n st 's a rt is tic p ra c tic e is c h ara c te riz e d b y in te rm e d ia in te rd is c ip lin a rity th at isre fle cte d in th e c rit ic al a na ly sis o f th e s ys te m s o f v alo riz atio n ( in th e a rts a nd in o th er fie ld s) , c on te m -p ora ry m ig ra tio n, n ew fo rm s o f c olo nia lis m a nd o th er p he no m e na o cc urr in g w ith in th e c ha ng in g s oc ia lfo rm a tio n. T hro ug h a rt a nd th eo ry , L eb an -K le in die ns t in te rv en e in to s pe cific s ys te m s w ith th e a im toe sta blis h c on te m po ra ry c rit ic al to ols th at e na ble to re artic ula te th e e ve r m o re c om p le x s oc ia l re ality .T he v is cio us c irc le o f h is to ris atio n a nd v alo ris at io n o f w ork s o f a rt g oe s s om e ho w a s fo llo ws : a nin s titu tio n , b y c o lle c tin g a n d a p pro p ria tin g a rtw o rk s , c on s ta n tly b u ild s its o w n id e olo g ic a l p a tte rna nd h is to ry , w h ic h re su lts in a rtw o rk s b ec om in g th e c ore o f th e in stitu tio n's s tra te gy ra th er th anm a n ife s ta tio n s o f a rtis ts ' c o nc ep ts . T h us in s titu tio n ally p ro file d a rtw o rk s (d e priv e d o f c o nte n t) te n d toh av e g re ate r v alu e o n th e a rt m a rk et. T he in stitu tio n c on sc io us ly a ss is ts in th e m a rg in alis atio n a nde xc lu sio n o f w o rk s o f a rt in co m pa tib le w ith its s tra te gie s. P a ra do xic ally , a t th e to p o f th e s ie ve th usre m ain o nly a rt o bje cts w ith ou t a ny c on te nt b ein g p re se nte d a s th e o ff ic ia l a rt o f a s pe cific s pa ce .A rt h is to ry a nd th e a rt m a rk et, s ee n th ro ug h th e p ris m o f b ra nd in g, a re in se pa ra ble . O n th e o ne h an d,th e s ele ct io n a nd m a pp in g o f a rtw o rk s o nto in stitu tio na l h ie ra rc hic al s tru ctu re s h elp fix th e p ric e o nth e m a rk et a n d, o n th e o th e r h an d, th e ve ry s tra te g y o f c on stru ct io n o f a n a r tis t 's n am e a s a b ra ndin vo lv es th e p la cin g o f th e a rt is t in to th e c on stru ct o f th e c on tin uo us a nd u nc on te ste d h is to ry o f a rt.'B ra nd ed ' a rtis ts th us p ro du ce 'a rt' o bje cts th at in ste ad o f b ein g fo cu se d o n th e c on te xt re fle ct th ea rtis ts ' re co gn is ab le fo rm o f e xp re ss io n. A rtw o rk s a re v alo ris ed a cc ord in g to th e p rin cip le o f e xc es sv alu e, w h ic h d oe s n ot re fle ct th e re al v alu e o f th e a rtw o rk c on te xt b ut ra th er th e s ym b olic o ne ,in clu din g th e a uth or's m a rk s o f d is tin ctio n, lis tin gs o n th e m a rk et a nd h is to ric al v alu e (th e o ld er a na rtw o rk th e g re ate r its v alu e). T he a rtw o rk is th us g iv en c on te nt a nd c on te xt in o rd er to b e c ha ng edin to a c om m e rc ia l o bje ct a nd to c on so lid ate th e a uth or's p os itio n o n th e a rt m a rk et. It c ou ld a ls o b ea rg ue d th at s uc h a p ro ce ss re su lts in th e c om p le te a lie na tio n o f th e a rt o bje ct fro m its c on te nt, o nc eit fin d s its p la ce - in a c olle ctio n o r a m u se um . A s S eth S ie ge la u b sa id : "B ut isn 't th is o n e o f th em o re im p orta nt fu nc tio ns o f m u se um s , to k ill th in gs , to f in is h th em o ff, to g iv e th em th e a uth or itya nd th us d is ta nc e fro m p eo ple b y ta kin g o ut o f th eir re al e ve ry da y c on te xt? " O n ce th e a rtw o rk isin stitu tio na lis ed in to a m u se um o r c olle ctio n, it is d ep riv ed o f th e p er fo rm a tiv e e le m en t th at m a ke sp os sib le th e e xis te nc e o f th e a rtw o rk a s a n in te rv en tio n o r a ctio n.


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T he a r t m a rke t h a s m a n a ge d to b ra nc h o ff fro m c on te m p o ra ry a rt, a nd (a lm o s t) d oe s n o t n e ed ita s s uc h a ny m ore . B as ic ally , w ha t th e m a rk et n ee ds a re th e fo rm s p ro du ce d b y c on te m po ra ry a rt.T he re as on fo r th at lie s in th e tra ns fo rm a tio n o f c ultu re in to c om m o d ity , b rin gin g a bo ut th e d iv is io no f a rt in to o bje ct p ro du ctio n a nd in to a rt w h ic h, a lo ng w ith th eo ry , w ork s a s a c ritic al a na ly siso f c on te m p ora ry s oc ie ty . T he p ro je ct B u y Y ou r O w n A rt E x pe rie nc e is a d ire ct re sp on se to th isp he no m e no n, in te rfe rin g in th e s tru ctu re o f th e a rt m a rk et a nd th e h is to ris atio n o f a rt. T he p ro je ctc on sis ts o f fiv e p erfo rm a nc es d oc um e nte d in p ho to gra ph s. T ho se w ho b uy th e p erfo rm a nc e w ill h av eth e p os sib ility to p artic ip ate in th e re al p er fo rm a tiv e a ct. O n th e c on tra ry , if o ne d ec id es to b uy ap ho to gra ph (o bje ct), th e p erfo rm a nc es w ill b e in te rru pte d a nd th e fin al re su lt o f th e p ro je ct w ill b e a no bje ct - p ho to gra ph a s a p ure c om m e rc ia l a rte fa ct w ith ou t re al c on te nt. T hu s th e b uy er w ill b e fa ce dw ith th e fa ct th at h e/s he c an c on sc io us ly a ctiv ate th e p ro ce ss o f c on te xt a lie na tio n, w h ic h c an ce ls th ep erfo rm a tiv e e le m e nt o f th e p ro je ct b y tra ns fo rm in g it in to a n o bje ct.


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T w o p o la ro id s o f a d era ng ed e xa m p le o f m a sc u lin ityb y M a rio M e ntru p

1 . A re w e a ll P ro s titu te s o r a re w e H oo ke rs fo r Je su s?S h o r t v e rs io nA spa n ish you n g la d y ca m e o ve r to m y ta b le a n d in v ite d m e fo r a d o u b le G in T on ic . I kn e w h e r fro mw alk in g u p a n d d o w n th e co rr id o rs o f th e M ad rid G oe th e In s titu t. S he sa t d o w n a n d to ld m e th a t sh ew as d oin g G erm a n c la ss es b ec au se h er a im w as to g ra du ate a t a B erlin ac to rs s ch oo l. S he o rd ere du s so m e m ore d rin ks , a n d w an te d to kn o w if I kn e w a n y m an o u v re s an d tr ic ks o f h o w -to -b e co m e-a n -a c to r B LA BLA BL A .. S he w atch e d m e s ta ring a t m y h u g e g la ss o f G in T on ic . S he m us t h a ve re a d m yth o ug h ts : " H ow - ex p en s iv e -th is n ig h t - w o u ld -b e co m e ."H er to n e su d d en ly sw itch e d fro m a n in n o ce n t g ir l's vo ice to a d a rke r to n e , th a t d e g ra d e d m e a n d m yfe w e u ro s in m y je a n s an d d a m ne d a ll m ascu lin ity in g e n e ra l. T ho se w ere h e r w ord s : "D on 't yo u h a vea p ro b le m . I g o t e n o ug h m on e y . T he m en th in k I a m so sw ee t... T he y th in k th e y fu ck m e, I fu ck th e m ,I fu ck o ld m en . .. P ays m y re n t, so d o n 't yo u w orry !" H av in g sa id th a t, sh e o rd e re d a n o th e r ro u n d o f G inT on ic fo r u s. T he n ig ht w en t o n. W e v is ite d s om e m o re b ars o f M a drid a nd th en d an ce d a llto ge th erw ith to u ris ts fro m a n yw he re to d oo fu s - ro ck 'n ' ro ll in a B ar w he re P ed ro A lm od ova r m us t o n ce b e e na ro un d, p ard on , y ou s ee !: o ne o f th es e o ld b orin g s to rie s. F in ally I f ou nd m y a ss to ta lly p is se d in h erro o m m ate s b e d ro om , a fo rm er to p m od e l fo r to p - m ag a z in e s a n d w ho h a d n o w ad a ys b e co m e th en ud e-m o de l o f a no th er d era ng ed e xa m ple o f m a sc ulin ity .I w oke u p w ith a h u ge h a n g o ve r, b u t I p u lle d m yse lf to g e th e r. I d id n 't w an t to m iss m y p la n e b a ck toB erlin . In B erlin I w en t do w n to th e ca fe in m y s tre e t a n d re a d in th e fe a tu re p a g e s a b o u t th o se m an yy ou ng w om e n in P aris a nd R om e w ho w ere s tu dy in g an d fin an cin g th eir liv es ty le a s e sc ort g ir ls o rw e bc am g ir ls . W e a ll k no w th at Y ou po rn , P orn otu be e tc . w a s g iv in g th e p ro fe ss io na l p orn in du stry a b igh ea da ch e. T h e c alifo rn ia n b urle sq ue s tr ip pe rs S U IC ID E G IR L S w e re th e h otte st th in g 2 00 7.It s ee m s lik e in th e 2 0s a nd 30 s in E uro pe o r lik e a fte r W W II: c allg ir ls a nd h oo ke rs , c aba re t d an c-e rs a re o rga niz in g th em s elv es . A lo t o f o f p ro stitu tio n w as a ls o g oin g o n in W IR TS C HA FT SW U N D ERD eu tsch la n d 50 s a n d 6 0 s . I re m em be r a s a k id lis ten in g to th e jo ke s th e a d u lts m ad e : F irs t o n e lo o ke da t th e n ew b orn c hild th en b y lo ok in g rig ht in to th e fa ce o f th e fa th er, o ne sa id : "D oe sn 't re ally lo oklik e y o u, h a ?!!!"T ho se w ere th e d ay s ...T h e o rd in a ry u p tig h t g u y w ith n o m on e y e x tra in h is p o cke t a n d w ho se a im w as n o t to b e a g a n g s te ro r a p im p h ad o nly o ne c ho ic e: K EE PT HE S EC R ET .N ev er a sk y ou r w ife m o re qu es tio ns th an n ee de d.B eca u se h e h a d n o rig h t to d o so . If th e tin y so ld ie r co u ld n 't b r in g e n o u g h m on e y h o m e to fee d h isw ife a nd the fa m ily th en w ere n o q ue stio ns a llo wed . T he re is a w ho le lite ra tu re g en re e xis tin g a bou tth is s itu atio n: th e m o st s tr ik in g e xa m ple is th e n ov el C H IN C H IL LA by R e na te R a sp , p ub lis he d in th e7 0s , d urin g th e R is e a nd F all o f s ex ua l lib era tio n in G e rm a n F ed era l R e pu blic (B R D ).P orn o is a d eg ra din g m e dia a nd e ve n lik e s o m a ny T V-g am e sho ws o r Y ou tu be -c ultu re to da y it isa m ed iu m w here th e (m a le ) s pe cta to r/v oy eu r c an g et a fe elin g o f s up erio rity w atc hin g o th ers - inP orn flic ks m a in ly w om e n - b ein g a bu se d a nd d eh um a niz ed o r v ia Y ou tu be : c ele bs m ak in g a ss es o fth em s elv es .... R e m em b er th e s illy g ig gle s o f th e M T V c arto on c ha ra cte rs B E AV ISA N D B U TIH E A D?N e o lib e ra lis m .. G lo b alis a tio n is e m p o w e rin g th e a c t o f d e hu m a n iz in g o u rs e lv e s .... E V E R Y W H E R E ! !!N o to nly in D am a sk us , in M os ka u a nd B uc ha re st, T ok yo E VE RW H E RE... It m e an s fo r D ad dy th at th ere is n oD ua lism a n y m ore , n o rig h t an d w ro n g , n o G oo d a n d E vil, n o p u ssy o u td o o rs a n d m ea ls a t h om e . . N om o re "Ia m a m an e t la p uta in ": It 's y ou r d au gh te r!!! R em e m be ring th e fru stra tin g film s ce ne in M ilK E


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T A KA S H ISV IS IT O R Q - th e c he ap /s ic ko a da ptio n o f P a so lin is T E O R E M A ?In V IS IT O R Q th e D a dd y a s ac us to m e r o f a L O V E H O TE L lo ok s d u r in g th e a ct in to th e m ir ro r a nd m u s t se e th at h e a ctu ally fu c ks h iso w n d a ug hte r.2 . S ed u c in g L a d ie s W ith th e U lt im a te P ow er O f A M ic ro - B ud g e t F ilm - A ute u r?S om e y ea rs a go I h ad e xp os ed m y h ard -o n fo r a D og m a-s ty le d eb ut- fe atu re fi lm : L AD Y BU Gd ire cte db y a B ab els be rg B er lin - F ilm s ch oo l s tu de nt. T his film w as p ro du ce d b y G ay C in em a le ge nd R os avo n P ra u nh eim , w ho h a d m o tiva te d h is m o re o r le ss h e te ro se xu al s tu d en ts to p u t m o re se x a n d re allife in to th eir film s . L A DY B U Gp re m ie re d 2 00 6 a t th e G e rm a n M a x O p hU ls P re is F ilm fe stiv al a nd w a ss cre en ed in s om e G e rm a n M o v ie T he atre s a fte rw a rd s.E xp os in g m y h a rd - o n fo r a m a s tu rb a tio n sce ne w ith th e a ctr ice (w e b oth w ere th e o nly m a in ch a r-a cte rs ) re m ain ed m y firs t a nd la st g ra ph ic s ex s ce ne o n s cre en u ntil to da y.Y ea rs a go a y ou ng fe m alefilm a rt is t h ad a s ke d m e to b e h er m a in ch a ra cte r in a sh o rt film ; th e ce ntra l sc en e w ou ld h av e b ee na s itu a tio n w he re I h a d to p u t m y c o c k o u t fo r a a b lo w jo b sc e n e . G ue s s w h o w ou ld h a ve d o n e th iss pe cia l s erv ic e? I re fu se d th e y ou ng a rtis ts ' o ffe r, b ec au se it w as 1 99 7 a nd m y s tra ig ht a cto r's c are erw as a b ou t to c om e a n d y ou d on 't fu c k it u p w ith y ou r a ge nt, ca s tin g-o ffic es a n d th e T V b us in e ss ,d on 't y ou ?T he d ay s o f p os tp orn a nd film s w ith g ra ph ic s ex lik e B A IS S E M O l, 9 S O N GS ,S H O RT BU S ,2 9 P A LM S o rR O M A N CE ,B R O W N B U N NY w ere ju st a bo ut to c om e . T he n a ga in , in th e e ar ly 2 00 0s a n a m eric an film -m a ke r p la nn ed to s ho ot a n .A rth au s F uc k F ilm " - th at 's w ha t h e c alle d th e p ro je ct h im s elf. A p ro filica ctr ic e a nd I w ere h is fa vo urite c ho ic e. H e w as d ea d s erio us , w h ic h c on vin ce d m e to jo in th e p ro je ct. Iw as n o t re ally fla tte re d (to da y i w ou ld b e b ec au se I a m n ot th e s elf-a s su re d n arc iss I u se d to b e) b u t Ik ne w h e w ou ld n ev er g e t th e m o n ey fo r th is film a n d th a t is a ctu ally e xa ctly w ha t h a pp en ed .B ut I s aid y es to th e m a in ro le fo r L AD YB U Gin 2 00 4, b e ca us e I t ho u gh t n ow I h a d to d o it. B ein g in ti-m a te o n sc re e n h a d a lre a dy b e co me a s ort o f n e w M e th o d A ctin g S ta nd ard .In 2 00 5 I s ta rte d to d ire ct a nd p ro du ce to ge th er w ith c am e ra m an a nd d oc um e nta ry fi lm m a ke r V olk erS a tte l e x pe rim e n ta l m i cro -b u dg e t fic tio n m o v ie s .Y ou a re a lw ay s o n lo w -b ud g et o r w ith n o m o n e y a t a ll a s a m ic ro -b u dg et film m ak er o r a u te u r. Y ou w illn ev er b ec om e a c ap ita lis t o r w ill m a rry m o ne y. Y ou w ill ra th er s ta y a D on Q u ic ho tte . A n d in G e rm a nyth ere is n o s uc h te rm k no wn a s R en ais sa nc e M a n. G erm a ns s till u se th e te rm : d ile tta nte . I h av e c on -s ta ntly lo st a lo t o f m y a c to r c re dib ility fro m th e firs t d a ys u n til to d ay I h a ve s ta rte d to m a ke m y o w nm o v i e s .A nd m ore p ro b le m a tic it g o t w he n I e v e n h a d th e g u ts to s ta r in o n e o f th e m m yse lf.V olke r S atte l, lu ck y a s h e is a s a D oP a nd d o cu m e nta ry film m a k er is p ra ise d v ery o fte n fo r h is w orka nd g ets jo bs .B ut fo r m a n y T V a n d M o v ie p eo ple I a m a w eird o , b ut th e d a ys o f H erb e rt A ch te rn b us ch o r V la do K ris tla re o ve r h ere in G e rm a ny .In th is ca se th e b es t c ho ice is to b e co me th e D on J u a n, w hic h is d an ge ro u s fo r yo ur m e n ta l a n dp hy sic al h ea lth , s o y ou g otta w a tc h o ut.In 2 00 7 IC H B EG E H R E( I D O A D O R E ) p r e m i e r e d .E xp os in g m y b o dy fo r th e m o vie m a d e a n im p a ct o n so m e la die s. T he film is c on fu s in g (v io le n ce ) a n d(s we arin g) a nd e nte rta in in g (e xp erim e ntin g w ith s pa ce a nd tim e ) a nd it p la ys a lo t w ith th e e le m en tso f e m otio na l im b ala nc e a nd lo ss o f th e s elf ; th es e a re e no ug h e le m en ts to b e a s ex y m o th erfu ck er.T h e fa c t th a t a ll a c tr ic e s in th e film P A S C A L ES C H IL L E R ,V IV IA N B A R T S C Ha n d C L A U D IA B A SR A WI w o reh ot p an ts in th e a po ca ly pt ic s ce na rio is a ju st a no th er d ro p o n h ot s to ne s. S to ne s w ere h ot, it w asse r io u s s u m m er h e a t in Ju ly 2 0 0 6 w he n w e sh o t th e sce n e s . In d e e d la te r I h a d m y fu n w ith la d ie s


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T IC IP A TIN G A R TIS T S: P e r P la to u / K a te P e n d ry / M a rk B o sw e ll/to n K o s lo v M a y r/ J o n R e fs d a l M o e / S u s i K ra u tg a r tn e r / I ra W a ld ro n /g y O s tre ts o v / Y e vg e n ii N ik it in / P e tra G r o e n / E le n a K o v y lin a /& . J o hn / M ik e R im b e a u d / S e rg ue y B o lm a tl A n th on y Z ito /

a W y s e / E r ic P o u g e a u / S ta s K le in d ie n s t a n d S e b a s tja n L e b a n /e ke S c h m id t-G le im / L e o n a rd K o g a n a n d m a n y o th e r h o t a rt is ts . . .


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P ub lis h e d b y M A A S M E D IA V ER LA G, B er lin 2 0 1 0in co op era tio n w ithA R TO U T P R OJ EC T , B e rlin , B ru ss els , M o sk au , P aris , N ew Y ork , O slo , L on do n, T aip ei, L ju blja na , R otte rd amE dito ria l B oa rd : A nto n K os lo v M a yr, I-W e i L i, M a rio M e ntru pL ayo ut / T ech nica l su pp ort: G un du la S ch mitzC ov er m od els : S en a Y oo n (fro nt), P er P la to u (b ac k)C op yrig ht p ho to gra ph s: A nto n K os lo v M a yrA ll r ig hts re se rv e d to th e a u th o rs .I S B N 9 7 8 -3 -9 4 0 9 9 9- 2 2 -1M A A S M E D IA V ER LA G V ol. 4 0w w w . m a a s m e d i a . n e tw w w .a r tou t .o rg
http://www.artout.org/http://www.artout.org/http://www.maasmedia.net/


19/19

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