article 110 - requirements for electrical installations · article 110 - requirements for...

Article 110 - Requirements for Electrical Installations

1

110.24(A) and (B) - Available Fault Current (New)

Code Language. (A) Field Marking.

(B) Modifications.

Service equipment in other than dwelling units shall be legiblymarked in the field with the maximum available fault current. The field marking(s)shall include the date the fault current calculation was performed and be ofsufficient durability to withstand the environment involved.

When modifications to the electricalinstallation occur that affect the maximum available faultcurrent at the service, the maximum available fault currentshall be verified or recalculated as necessary to ensure theservice equipment ratings are sufficient for the maximumavailable fault current at the line terminals of theequipment. The required field marking(s) in 110.24(A) shallbe adjusted to reflect the new level of maximum availablefault current.

Exception: The field marking requirements in 110.24(A) and 110.24(B) shall notbe required in industrial installations where conditions of maintenance andsupervision ensure that only qualified persons service the equipment.

Intent of Change: This is intended to help Code® enforcement authorities in determining compliancewith the provisions of Sections 110.9 - Interrupting Rating, and 110.10 - Circuit Impedance and OtherCharacteristics.

Main

On Off

Available FaultCurrent33,092

AmperesDate Calculated

03/24/2011

Available FaultCurrent33,092

AmperesDate Calculated

03/24/2011

200.7(C) - Use of Insulation of a White or GrayColor or with Three Continuous White Stripes (Revised)

Code Language: (C) Circuits of 50 Volts or More. The use of insulation that is white or gray or that hasthree continuous white stripes for other than a grounded conductor for circuits of 50 volts or more shall bepermitted only as in (1) and (2). through (3).

ON

(1) If part of a cable assembly that has the insulationpermanently reidentified to indicate its use as an ungroundedconductor by marking tape, painting, or other effective meansat its termination and at each location where the conductor isvisible and accessible. Identification shall encircle theinsulation and shall be a color other than white, gray, or green.

Emphasis on using the re-identifiedconductor only for supply to the switch.

If used for single-pole, 3-way or 4-way switch loops, thereidentified conductor with white or gray insulation or threecontinuous white stripes shall be used only for the supply tothe switch, but not as a return conductor from the switch to theoutlet.

Intent of Change:

Re-identified conductor canonly be used for the supplyto the switch

Article 200 - Use and Identification of Grounded Conductors

2

210.8 - Ground-Fault Circuit-InterrupterProtection for Personnel (New)

Code Language:

Proposers substantiation:

Ground-fault circuit-interruption for personnel shall beprovided as required in 210.8(A) through (C). The ground-fault circuit-interrupter shall be installed in a readily accessible location.

In the case that there may be receptacles ingarages and similar areas that may not be readily accessible and because it isrecommended that GFCIs be tested monthly, we feel that these devices maynever be tested and reset because of their location. We realize homeownersprobably do not have a regular program for testing their GFCIs, but they maycheck them occasionally.

GFCIs not in a readily accessible location, will most likely never be testedbecause of the extra effort to access their location. We feel that the location ofthe test / reset function should be in a location that is readily accessible to theoccupant of the dwelling unit.”

Note: The definition of readily accessible is: Capable of being reached quicklyfor operation, renewal, or inspections without requiring those to whom readyaccess is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portableladders, and so forth.

Location must bereadily accessible

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210.8(A)(7) - Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protectionfor Personnel - Sinks (Revised)

where receptacles arelocated within 6 feet (1.8 m) of the outside edgeof the sink.

To make the text consistent with text for “otherthan dwelling units” (Section 210.(B)(5)).

Code Language:

Proposer’s substantiation:

Sinks - located in areasother than kitchens Laundry, utility, wet barand similar sinks -

SDryerWasher

Laundry Circuit

LaundrySink

GFCI

Receptacle outlets within6 feet (1.8 m) of the outsideedge of any sink, otherthan kitchens, must beGFCI protected

Article 210 - Branch Circuits

3

210.8(B)(6)Indoor Wet Locations (New)

- Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protectionfor Personnel -

Code Language:

Proposer’s Substantiation:

(6) Indoor wet locations.

Indoor locations such ascar washes, food processing areas of facilities thatmanufacture food products, and other indoor wetlocations have the same risks to users of portableappliances as outdoor locations.

Car Wash

When installed in indoor wet locations, 125-volt, single-phase15- and 20-ampere receptacles must be:(1) ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected - 210.8(B)(6),(2) listed weather-resistant - 406.8(B)(1), and(3) installed in a weather-proof cover - 406.8(B)(1)(in-use)

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210.8(B)(7)(New)

- Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protectionfor Personnel - Locker Rooms

Code Language:


Locker rooms withassociated showering facilities

I think that aGFCI requirement is in order for locker roomswith adjacent showering facilities. Theconditions that would warrant GFCI protectionof receptacle outlets include, persons who areexiting the shower area walking in their barefeet, carrying wet clothes, and towels. Theyare entering a locker room which isconstructed of tile flooring, which may be wetfrom other users of the showering facility, itwould have a floor drain that serves to drainthe wet floor.

Shower

Room

Shower

Room

Locker

Room

Locker

Room

GFCI


4

210.8(B)(8)(New)

- Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protectionfor Personnel - Garages

Code Language: Garages, service bays, and similar areas where electrical diagnostic equipment,electrical hand tools, or portable lighting equipment are to be used.

Proposer’s Substantiation: In commercial and industrial buildings, we frequently see an “area” that isused for a wide variety of tasks, including, to perform routine servicing of the companies vehicles. Duringthese maintenance procedures, it would not be uncommon for liquids to be spilled onto the floor (usuallyconcrete). Art. 511 is typically not invoked, because, during plan review, or even inspection, it wouldsimply appear that this is an area with an overhead door to allow vehicles to drive into, or out of, thebuilding, for whatever purpose. Furthermore, Art. 511 does not apply to a strictly diesel facility, since thescope of Art. 511 uses the words “VOLATILE” flammable liquids and diesel fuel is not a “volatile” liquid.Yet, the same hazards exist with diagnostic equipment, electrical hand tools, or portable lightingequipment, the potential for spilled fluids, and multiple paths to ground. With this change, you wouldeliminate a loop hole that has, to date, exempted quite a few areas from GFCI protection.

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210.12(A) - Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter ProtectionDwelling Units, Exceptions No. 1 & 2 - (Revised)

Code Language:

Intent of Change:

All 120-volt, single phase, 15- and 20-ampere branchcircuits supplying outlets installed in dwelling unit family rooms, dining rooms,living rooms, parlors, libraries, dens, bedrooms, sunrooms, recreation rooms,closets, hallways, or similar rooms or areas shall be protected by a listed arc-faultcircuit interrupter, combination-type, installed to provide protection of the branchcircuit.

Added new exceptions to permit these wiring methodsbetween overcurrent device and first outlet where outlet branch-circuit typeAFCIdevice is installed

(A)

Exception No. 1: If RMC, IMC, EMT, Type MC, or steel armored Type AC cablesmeeting the requirements of 250.118 and metal outlet and junction boxes areinstalled for the portion of the branch circuit between the branch-circuitovercurrent device and the first outlet, it shall be permitted to install an outletbranch-circuit type AFCI at the first outlet to provide protection for the remainingportion of the branch circuit.

Exception No. 2: Where a listed metal or nonmetallic conduit or tubing is encasedin not less than 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete for the portion of the branch circuitbetween the branch-circuit overcurrent device and the first outlet, it shall bepermitted to install an outlet branch-circuit type AFCI at the first outlet to provideprotection for the remaining portion of the branch circuit.

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5

225.22 - Raceways on the Exterior of Buildings or Other Structures (Revised)

Raceways on exteriors ofbuildings or other structures shall be arranged todrain and shall be

.

Code Language:

raintight suitable for use in wetlocations

Proposer’s Substantiation: To correlate withthe following Panel’s action on 230.53 during the2008 NEC cycle:(1) Section 314.15(A) requires that “... fittingsinstalled in wet locations shall be listed for use inwet locations,” not “raintight”,(2) The definition of “raintight” in Article 100contains unenforceable language “...will notresult in entrance of water under specified testconditions” verifiable only for listed raceways,and(3) Raceways suitable for use in wet locations arelisted for use in wet locations, not “raintight”.

Raceways installed on theexteriors of buildings orother structures must

be suitable for use in wetlocations, not raintight

210.12(B) - Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection Dwelling Units,Branch Circuit Extensions or Modifications - (New)

Code Language:

Intent of Change: To introduce and promote the installation of Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupting receptacles (listed outlet branch circuitAFCI).

(B) Branch Circuit Extensions or Modifications -Dwelling Units. In any of the areas specified in 210.12(A), wherebranch-circuit wiring is modified, replaced, or extended, the branchcircuit shall be protected by one of the following:

(1) A listed combination-type AFCI located at the origin of the branchcircuit

(2) A listed outlet branch-circuit type AFCI located at the first receptacleoutlet of the existing branch circuit.

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Article 225 - Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders

6

225.27 - Raceway Seal (New)

Code Language: Where a raceway enters a building or structure from an underground distributionsystem, it shall be sealed in accordance with 300.5(G). Spare or unused raceways shall also be sealed.Sealants shall be identified for use with the cable insulation, shield, or other components.

Proposer’s Substantiation: Feeders entering buildings or other structures are no different thanservices. The requirements should be the same. See NEC 230.8.

Switchboard MSB

ON OFF

JunctionBox

Underground distribution systemraceways must be sealed inaccordance with 300.5(G)

230.72(A) - Grouping of Disconnects, Exception (Revised)

The two to six disconnects as permitted in230.71 shall be grouped. Each disconnect shall be marked toindicate the load served.

Code Language:

Exception: One of the two to six service disconnecting meanspermitted in 230.71, where used only for a water pump alsointended to provide fire protection, shall be permitted to belocated remote from the other disconnecting means. If remotelyinstalled in accordance with this exception, a plaque shall beposted at the location of the remaining grouped disconnectsdenoting its location.

Meter

Serving UtilityTransformer

Service Disconnect(Pump Panel)for Well Motor

ServiceDisc.for

Dwelling

ServiceDisc.for

Barn

Proposer’s Substantiation: It isimportant to know the location of thewater pump service disconnectingmeans. Providing information at theservice disconnecting means thelocation of the water pump servicedisconnect is beneficial.

If remotely installed for fire protectionuse, a plaque shall be posted at thelocation of the remaining groupeddisconnects denoting its location.

Article 230 - Services

7

230.40 Ex. No. 3 - Number of Service Entrance Conductor Sets (Revised)

Code Language: Exception No. 3: A single-family dwelling unit andshall be permitted to have one set of service-entrance conductors run to each from a single

service drop, orlateral.

a separate structure(s) its accessorystructures

set of overhead service conductors, set of underground service conductors, service

Proposer’s Substantiation: It has come to my attention that some inspectors are permitting only asingle separate structure to be served in this manner. The intent is to permit more than one additionalstructure to be served. As an example, this revision will make it clear that a detached garage and a utilitybuilding could be served with separate sets of service entrance conductors.

Dwelling

DetachedGarage

GardenShed

ServiceLateral

ServiceConductors

ServiceConductors Service

Conductors

MeteringEquipment

230.42(A) - Ampacity of Service Conductors, Exception (New)

The ampacity of the service-entrance conductors before the application ofany adjustment or correction factors shall not beless than either (A)(1) or (A)(2). Loads shall bedetermined in accordance with Part III, IV, or V ofArticle 220, as applicable. Ampacity shall bedetermined from 310.15.The maximumallowable current of busways shall be that valuefor which the busway has been listed or labeled.

Code Language:

(1) The sum of the noncontinuous loads plus125 percent of continuous loads

Exception: Grounded conductors that are notconnected to an overcurrent device shall bepermitted to be sized at 100 percent of thecontinuous and noncontinuous load.

Proposer’s Substantiation: This proposal isintended to provide consistency with the rulesfor sizing branch circuits and feeders in210.19(A)(1) and 215.2(A)(1).

Note: For clarity, the groundingelectrode conductor is not shown.

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

0

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

Grounded conductor is permittedto be sized at 100 percent of thecontinuous and noncontinuous load

Article 250 - Grounding and Bonding

8

250.30(C) - Grounding Separately Derived Alternating CurrentSystem, Outdoor Source (New)

ON

OFF

15

0

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

ON

OFF

15

Any electrodepermitted by250.30(A)(4)

Note 250.53(A)(2)for supplementalelectrodes

Any electrodeinside of building

permitted by250.52

Note 250.50

12,470 to 120 / 208-voltdelta / wye

transformer locatedoutside of building

Outside source suchas 12,470 volt circuitfrom substation, etc.

Code Language: If the source of the separately derived system is located outside the building orstructure supplied, a grounding electrode connection shall be made at the source location to oneor more grounding electrodes in compliance with 250.50. In addition, the installation shall complywith 250.30(A) for grounded systems or with 250.30(B) for ungrounded systems.

Exception: The grounding electrode conductor connection for impedance grounded neutralsystems shall comply with 250.36 or 250.186, as applicable.

Intent of Change: To parallel the rules of the 250.24(A)(2) that require a grounding electrodeconnection for service-supplied systems.

Note: If the transformer is located inside the building, thestandard rules of 250.30 apply.

System bonding jumperrequired at separatelyderived system

Equipment grounding conductor if overcurrent protectionis provided at source - 250.32(B)(2)(a), or supply-sidebonding jumper if overcurrent protection is not providedat the source - 250.32(B)(2)(b)

Note 225.31and 225.32


9

Ametal underground water pipe in direct contact with the earth for 3.0 m (10 ft) or more(including any metal well casing bonded to the pipe) and electrically continuous (or made electricallycontinuous by bonding around insulating joints or insulating pipe) to the points of connection of thegrounding electrode conductor and the bonding conductor

Code Language:

(s) or jumper(s) if installed. Interior metal waterpiping located more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall not be used as a partof the grounding electrode system or as a conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of thegrounding electrode system.

Exception: In industrial, commercial, and institutional buildings or structures where conditions ofmaintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the installation, interior metalwater piping located more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall be permitted asa part of the grounding electrode system or as a conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of thegrounding electrode system, provided that the entire length, other than short sections passingperpendicularly through walls, floors, or ceilings, of the interior metal water pipe that is being used for theconductor is exposed.

250.52(A)(1) - Metal Underground Water Pipe (Revised)

Water meter, back flowpreventer, etc.

Not part of thegrounding electrode

Grounding electrode

Proposer’s Substantiation: Section 250.52(A) intends to describe the condition(s)under which a metallic object in the form of metal water pipe is recognized as a groundingelectrode. The portions of this subsection proposed to be deleted relate to functions ofthe water pipe that do not relate to making a connection to the earth. Metallic water pipeslocated above the earth may function as a conductive path or a grounding electrodeconductor but cannot be considered a part of a grounding electrode.“… or jumper(s) ifinstalled” is proposed to be added as bonding jumpers or conductors are not alwaysinstalled.


10

250.52(A)(2) - Metal Frame of Building or Structure (Revised)

The metal frame of the building or structure that is connected to the earth byof the following methods:

structural metal member in direct contactwith the earth or

the structurala concrete-encased electrode

250.52(A)(3)

This is meant to clarify where the metal frame of a building orstructure is actually an electrode and remove existing language contained in 250.52(A)(2) thatallows the metal frame to “act” as an electrode when in fact it is acting as a bonding jumper andpart of the grounding electrode conductor in attaching the electrical systems groundedconductor to a concrete encased electrode or ground ring as in current subsection (A)(2)(2), orto a rod, pipe, or plate electrode as in current subsection(A)(2)(3). It makes little sense to havea 400-ampere rated service with 500 kcmil copper ungrounded service conductors beattached to the metal frame of a building with a 1/0 copper grounding electrode conductorwhen the basis for the metal frame being an electrode is a 6 AWG copper grounding electrodeconductor that runs between an ungrounded metal frame and a ground rod, pipe, or plateelectrode as permitted in 250.52(A)(2)(3). This same principle applies in the application ofallowing an ungrounded metal frame to be “declared grounded” when a 4 AWG from aconcrete encased electrode or a 2 AWG from a ground ring electrode is used to support thesteel frame as an electrode when a larger than 4 AWG copper or 2 AWG copper groundingelectrode conductor is required because of the size of the ungrounded serviceconductors.

Code Language:


one or more(1)At least one that is

for 3.0 m (10 ft) more, with or without concrete encasement.

(2) Hold-down bolts securing steel column that are connected tothat complies with

and is located in the support footing or foundation.The hold-down bolts shall be connected to the concrete encased

electrode by welding, exothermic welding, the usual steel tie wires, or other approved means.

3.0 m (10 ft) or more of a singleencased in

concrete that is in direct contact with the earthConnecting

metal frame to the reinforcing bars of asprovided in or ground ring asprovided in 250.52(A)(4)

(3) Bonding the structural metal frame to one or more of the grounding electrodes as defined in250.52(A)(5) or (A)(7) that comply with 250.56(4) Other approved means of establishing a connection to earth

FinishedFloor

ConcreteEncasedElectrode250.52(A)(3)

Weld, Exothermic Weld,Usual Steel Tie Wire, orOther Approved Means

Structural Metal Member

Hold-DownBolts

Fill Sand

Footing


11

250.52(A)(3) - Concrete-Encased Electrode (Revised)

One or more bare or zinc galvanized or other electrically conductivecoated steel reinforcing bars or rods of not less than 13 mm (1/2 in.) in diameter,

or

Bare copper not smaller than 4AWG.

multiple concrete-encased electrodes are present at a building or structure, it shall bepermissible to bond only one into the grounding electrode system.

A new subsection is proposed to cover the location requirements ofconcrete-encased electrodes. This will make the requirements more user-friendly. Changes areproposed to add requirements on how to create the minimum 20-ft length of concrete-encased electrode.Methods of connecting lengths of reinforcing steel together are outside the scope of the NEC and thusthis section should recognize the building or structural code for those requirements.

Code Language: Concrete-Encased Electrode.


Aconcrete-encased electrode shall consist of at least6.0m (20 ft) of either (1) or (2):

(1)

installed in onecontinuous 6.0 m (20 ft) length, or if in multiple pieces connected together by the usual steel tie wires,exothermic welding, or other effective means to create a 6.0 m (20 ft) or greater length;

(2)

Metallic components shall be encased by at least 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete and shall be locatedhorizontally within that portion of a concrete foundation or footing that is direct contact with the earth orwithin vertical foundations or structural components or members that are in direct contact with the earth.

If

Informational Note: Concrete installed with insulation, vapor barriers, films or similar items, separatingthe concrete from the earth is not considered to be in “direct contact” with the earth.

An electrode encased by at least 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete, located horizontally near the bottom orvertically, and within that portion of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth,consisting of at least 6.0 m (20 ft) of

consisting of atleast 6.0 m (20 ft) of bare copper conductor not smaller than 4AWG. Reinforcing bars shall be permitted tobe bonded together by the usual steel tie wires or other effective means.

Where

FootingFootingFooting

Weld, exothermic weld,usual steel tie wire, orother effective means

Vertic

alF

oun

dati o

n

20 Feet(6.0 m)

or greaterlength

One or more conductive steel reinforcing barsor rods not less than ½ inch ( 13 mm) in diameter

or bare copper not smaller than 4 AWG

Concrete installed with insulation, vapor barriers,films, or similar items, separating the concretefrom the earth is not considered “in direct contact”with the earth


12

250.53(A) - Rod, Pipe, and Plate Electrodes (Revised)

Code Language: (A) Rod, Pipe, and Plate Electrodes.

CMP-5’s Substantiation:

. If practicable, rod, pipe, and plate electrodes shall beembedded below permanent moisture level. Rod, pipe, and plate electrodes shall be free fromnonconductive coatings such as paint or enamel.

CMP-5 has received proposals related to Section 250.56 over several revisioncycles. The common thread that resonates in the substantiation for these proposals is that the current textof Section 250.56 is confusing and can result in misapplication of the requirement. At this point CMP-5has concluded that the substantiation accompanying any of these proposals does not warrant completeremoval of the long-standing 25 ohm requirement from the Code. To that end, the panel has relocated the25 ohm provision from Section 250.56 to an exception in a revised Section 250.53(A) covering theinstallation requirements for rod, pipe, and plate grounding electrodes. This relocation and revisionshould resolve many of the usability concerns cited in this and other proposals.

Rod, pipe and plate electrodes shall meet therequirements of 250.53(A)(1) through (A)(3)

A single rod, pipe or plate electrode shall be supplemented byan additional electrode of a type specified in 250.52(A)(2) through (A)(8). The supplemental electrodeshall be permitted to be bonded to one of the following:(1) Rod, pipe or plate electrode(2) Grounding electrode conductor(3) Grounded service-entrance conductor(4) Nonflexible grounded service raceway(5) Any grounded service enclosure

If multiple rod, pipe, or plate electrodes are installed to meet therequirements of this section, they shall not be less than 1.8 m (6 ft) apart.

Informational Note: The paralleling efficiency of rods is increased by spacing them twice the length of thelongest rod.

(1) Below Permanent Moisture Level

(2) Supplemental Electrode Required.

(3) Supplemental Electrode.

Where

FPN: The paralleling efficiency of rods longer than 2.5 m (8 ft) is improved by spacing greater than1.8 m (6 ft).

Exception: If a single rod, pipe, or plate grounding electrode has a resistance to earth of 25 ohms orless, the supplemental electrode shall not be required.

Single rod, pipe, and plate electrodes must besupplemented by an additional type of electrode

as specified in 250.52(A)(2) through (A)(8)

Exception: If a single rod, pipe, or plate groundingelectrode has a resistance to earth of 25 ohms or less,

the supplemental electrode shall not be required.


13

250.53(D)(2) - Metal Underground Water Pipe,Supplemental Electrode Required (Revised)

A metal underground water pipe shallbe supplemented by an additional electrode of a type specified in 250.52(A)(2) through (A)(8).

the supplemental electrode is rod, pipe, or plate type, it shall comply with. The supplemental electrode shall be bonded to the

Grounding electrode conductorGrounded service-entrance conductorNonflexible grounded service raceway

Any grounded service enclosure

Exception: The supplemental electrode shall be permitted to be bonded to the interior metalwater piping at any convenient point as covered in , Exception.

P One primary purpose of the proposal is to require the connectionof the supplemental grounding electrode to one of the acceptable points rather than theexisting permissive language. The permissive phrase “shall be permitted to be bonded to”

needs to be deleted so the connections are required to be made at one of the locationsspecified. The section needs to point to 250.32(B) as the location of connection needs tocomply with that section at buildings or structures supplied by a feeder or branch circuit.

Code Language: Supplemental Electrode Required.

roposer’s Substantiation:

Where 250.56permitted to be

thetheor

250.52(A)(1)

If of the250.53(A) one of following:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)As provided by 250.32(B)

250.68(C)(1)

Not less than 6 feet(1.8 m) apart

SupplementalElectrode


14

250.68(C) - Grounding Electrode Conductor and Bonding JumperConnection to Grounding Electrodes, Metallic Water Pipe and

Structural Metal (New with Relocated Sections)

Interior metal water piping located not more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the buildingshall be permitted to be used as a conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the groundingelectrode system.

Exception: In industrial, commercial, and institutional buildings or structures, if conditions of maintenanceand supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the installation, interior metal water pipinglocated more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall be permitted as a bondingconductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system, or as a groundingelectrode conductor, if the entire length, other than short sections passing perpendicularly through walls,floors, or ceilings, of the interior metal water pipe that is being used for the conductor is exposed.

By connecting the structural metal frame to the reinforcing bars of a concrete-encased electrode, asprovided in 250.52(A)(3), or ground ring as provided in 250.52(A)(4)

By bonding the structural metal frame to one or more of the grounding electrodes, as specified in250.52(A)(5) or (A)(7), that comply with (2)

By other approved means of establishing a connection to earth 4

This text is being proposed as being deleted from 250.52 and relocatedhere because items that are not in the earth should not be considered to be electrodes but can be used asa conductor to create a path to the electrode.

Code Language:


Grounding electrode conductors and bonding jumpers shall be permitted to beconnected at the following locations and used to extend the connection to an electrode(s):

(1)

(2) The structural frame of a building that is directly connected to a grounding electrode as specified in250.52(A)(2) or 250.68(C)(2)(a), (b), or (c) shall be permitted as a bonding conductor to interconnectelectrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system, or as a grounding electrode conductor.

a.

b.

c.

[Relocated from 250.52(A)(1), 2008 NEC®]

Exception

2 (2)

3

[Relocated from 250.52(A)(1) , 2008 NEC®]

[Relocated from 250.52(A)( ) ,2008 NEC®]

[Relocated from 250.52(A)(2)( ), 2008 NEC®]

[Relocated from 250.52(A)(2)( ), 2008NEC®]

Main

On Off

480-208VDry Transformer

Danger

Concrete-Encased Electrode

Grounding Electrode Conductor

Article 300 - Wiring Methods

15

300.4(E) - Cables, Raceways, or Boxes InstalledIn or Under Roof Decking (Revised)

Boxes are exposed to the same damage as the cables and raceways are.This also true when cables or raceways are installed on top of the metal-corrugated sheet decking beforethe insulation material is installed.

Code Language:


Informational Note: Roof decking material is often repaired or replaced after the initial raceway or cablingand roofing installation and may be penetrated by the screws or other mechanical devices designed toprovide “hold down” strength of the water-proof membrane or roof insulating material.

Exception: Rigid metal conduit and intermediate metal conduit shall not be required to comply with300.4(E).

A cable, raceway, , installed in exposed or concealed locations under metal-corrugated sheet roof decking, shall be installed and supported so

not less than 38 mm (1½ in.) measured from the lowest surface of the roofdecking

orthe nearest outside surface of the

cable or raceway

or box

there isto the top of the cable, raceway, or box. A cable, raceway, or box shall not be installed in

concealed locations in metal-corrugated, sheet decking type roof.

Maintain 1½ inch spacingfrom roof decking unlessusing RMC or IMC raceways

300.4(H) - Structural Joints (New)

Add a new Section 300.4(H) Structural Construction Joints. Raceways aredamaged when improperly installed in structural construction joints leaving conductors or cablesexposed. Structural construction joints will experience shear and lateral loads due to gravity, expansionand contraction and movement of the structure. This new section will emphasize that a raceway can bedamaged if improperly installed in a construction joint and will be a tool for the electrical inspector toensure the proper installation of electrical raceways. Currently there are expansion/deflection fittings onthe market, in addition, the language in the new section allows for other approved means.

Code Language:


(H) Structural Joints. A listed expansion/deflection fitting or other approved meansshall be used where a raceway crosses a structural joint intended for expansion, contraction or deflection,used in buildings, bridges, parking garages, or other structures.

Structural Joint

Expansion / deflection fitting,or other approved means

Article 300 - Wiring Methods

16

300.11(A)(2) - Non-Fire-Rated Assemblies (Revised)

Wiring located within the cavity of a non–fire-ratedfloor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assembly shall not be secured to, or supported by, the ceiling assembly,including the ceiling support wires. An independent means of secure support shall be provided andshall be permitted to be attached to the assembly.

As an inspector, how do I know which support wires are being used tosupport ceiling assemblies and which are being used to support electrical piping cables-boxes.

Code Language: Non-Fire-Rated Assemblies.


Where independent support wires are used, theyshall be distinguishable by color, tagging, or other effective means.

Non-Fire-RatedCeiling Assembly

Independent support meansmust be distinguished bycolor, tagging, etc.

310.15(B) - Ampacities for Conductors Rated 0-2000Volts, Tables, (New)

Code Language:

Proposer’s Substantiation: This will clarify that the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductormay be used for application of the temperature correction and adjustment factors but the lower of thecorrected and adjusted ampacity or the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductor must beused.

Tables.The temperature correction and adjustment factors shall be permitted to beapplied to the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductor, if the corrected and adjusted ampacitydoes not exceed the ampacity for the temperature rating of the termination in accordance with theprovisions of 110.14(C).

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The 90°C rating of aconductor such asTHHN is permitted tobe used for deratingand used as long asit doesn’t exceed the75ºC temperaturerating of the equipment

When the equipmentlabel states “Use 75°CCopper or AluminumMain or NeutralConductors”, themaximum conductorampacity is selectedfrom the 75°C columnof Table 310.15(B)(16)

Article 312 - Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures

17

312.8 - Switch and Overcurrent Device Enclosures withSplices, Taps, and Feed-Through Conductors (Revised)

The current text has a first sentence that says you cannot use the spaceunless adequate space is provided and then the adequate space is described in the second sentence. Itwould appear to be much more straightforward to simply state the rule to indicate that you can do feed-thru conductors, splices or taps if you meet specific requirements.

Code Language:


Switch and Overcurrent Device Enclosures withSplices, Taps, and Feed-Through Conductors. The wiring space of

be permittedspliced, enclosures,

(1) The total of all conductors installed at any cross section of the wiringspace does not exceed 40 percent of the cross-sectional area of thatspace.(2) The total area of all conductors, splices, and taps installed at anycross section of the wiring space does not exceed 75 percent of thecross-sectional area of that space.(3) A warning label is applied to the enclosure that identifies the closestdisconnecting means for any feed through conductors.

enclosures for switches or overcurrent devices shallfor

conductors feeding through, or tapping off to otherswitches, or overcurrent devices where all of the following conditionsare met:

not be used asjunction boxes, auxiliary gutters, or raceways

, unless adequate space for this purpose is provided. Theconductors shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to morethan 40 percent of the cross-sectional area of the space, and theconductors, splices, and taps shall not fill the wiring space at any crosssection t o more than 75 percent of the cross-sectional area of thatspace:

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Enclosures are permittedto contain splices, taps, and

feed-through conductors

314.27(C) - (Revised)Boxes at Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fan Outlets.

Many new homes are built with multiple wired switches that accommodatefuture installation of fans with luminaire kits. Since standard luminaires are installed in standard boxes,the homeowner, when replacing the luminaire with a fan, very likely will not know to replace the standardbox with a ceiling box rated for support of a fan and luminaire kit.

Code Language:


(C) Boxes at Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fan Outlets. Outlet boxesor outlet box systems used as the sole support of aceiling-suspended (paddle) fan shall be listed, shall bemarked by their manufacturer as suitable for thispurpose, and shall not support ceiling-suspended(paddle) fans that weigh more than 32 kg (70 lb).For outlet boxes or outlet box systems designedto support ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans thatweigh more than 16 kg (35 lb), the requiredmarking shall include the maximum weight to be supported.

Where spare, separately switched, ungrounded conductors are provided to a ceiling mounted outlet box,in a location acceptable for a ceiling-suspended (paddle) fan in single or multi-family dwellings, the outletbox or outlet box system shall be listed for sole support of a ceiling suspended (paddle) fan.

Article 399 - Outdoor Overhead Conductors Over 600 Volts

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404.2(C) - Switches Controlling Lighting Loads (New)

Code Language: Switches Controlling Lighting Loads.Where switches control lighting loads supplied by a groundedgeneral purpose branch circuit, the grounded circuitconductor for the controlled lighting circuit shall beprovided at the switch location.

Informational Note: The provision for a (future) grounded conductor is to complete a circuit path forelectronic lighting control devices.

Exception: The grounded circuit conductor shall bepermitted to be omitted from the switch enclosure where eitherof the following conditions in (1) or (2) apply:

(1) Conductors for switches controlling lighting loads enterthe box through a raceway. The raceway shall havesufficient cross-sectional area to accommodate theextension of the grounded circuit conductor of the lightingcircuit to the switch location whether or not the conductors inthe raceway are required to be increased in size to complywith 310.15(B)(3)(a).

(2) Cable assemblies for switches controlling lighting loadsenter the box through a framing cavity that is open at the topor bottom on the same floor level, or through a wall, floor, or ceiling that is unfinished on one side.

ON

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14-3 W/Grd

Grounded conductor forfuture electronic controldevices

Article 406 - Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps)

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406.4(D)(4) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements,Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection (New)

Code Language: (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where areceptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuitinterrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code, a replacementreceptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following:(1)Alisted outlet branch circuit type arc-fault circuit interrupter receptacle(2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch circuit type arc-fault circuitinterrupter type receptacle(3)Areceptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit interruptertype circuit breaker

This requirement becomes effective January 1, 2014.

Proposer’s Substantiation: The benefits of 210.12 have been wellsubstantiated over the last few NEC cycles, but it is highly unlikely thatthe fire-reducing provisions of 210.12 will ever result in AFCI protectionfor existing dwelling units unless branch-circuit circuit breakers arereplaced or the service is upgraded. There is no practical reason to limitthe level of safety provided by anAFCI to new homes only. This proposalwill provide that extra protection for older homes by requiring the gradualreplacement, over time, of non-AFCI-protected receptacles with newAFCI-protected ones.

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Arc-fault circuit-interrupterprotection shall be

provided wherereplacements are made atreceptacle outlets that are

required to be soprotected elsewhere in

this Code®.Effective January 1, 2014

406.4(D)(5) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements,Tamper Resistant Receptacles (New)

Code Language: (5) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Listedtamper-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacementsare made at receptacle outlets that are required to be tamper-resistantelsewhere in this Code.

Proposer’s Substantiation: Substantiation brought forth by CPSC(ROP 18-40) for the 2008 NEC revealed the high number of injuries tosmall children from inserting metal objects into receptacle outlets.Many first time home buyers are younger individuals moving intoexisting dwellings that have or will have young children in the future.As a minimum existing dwelling being either bought or sold usuallyreceive a fresh coat of paint, along with new device outlets andluminaires. Requiring tamper-resistant outlets at the time ofreplacement will insure child safety for many more years to come.

Listed tamper-resistantreceptacles shall be



this Code®.

TR


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406.4(D)(6) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements,Weather-Resistant Receptacles (New)

Code Language: (6) Weather-Resistant Receptacles. Weather-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are madeat receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere inthis Code.

Proposer’s Substantiation: Without the requirement for weather-resistant receptacles to be installed at the time of replacement,ordinary receptacles will be installed and subjected to the samefailures as the receptacles they were replacing in the first place.

Weather-resistantreceptacles shall be



this Code®.

WR

406.9(B)(1) - Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations,Wet Locations (Revised)

Code Language:(1) 15- and 20-Ampere Receptacles in a Wet Location.


15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt receptacles installed in a wet location shallhave an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachmentplug cap is inserted.

All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking receptacles shall be listedweather-resistant type.

The purpose of this proposal is to requireoutlet box hoods that are part of a weatherproof enclosure to have “extraduty” durability when the enclosure is mounted on an independent freestanding post, stanchion, pillar, conduit, metal, polymeric, wood brace, orother rigid support.With enclosures supported from grade as described in Section 314.23(B)and enclosures with enclosed devices supported as described in Section314.23(F). 15 and 20 ampere, 125 and 250 volt receptacles installed insuch “free standing” enclosures in a wet location are presently required tocomply with the requirements in Section 406.5(B) but are often subject togreater physical abuse.

For other than one- or two-family dwellings, an outletbox hood installed for this purpose shall be listed, and where installed onan enclosure supported from grade as described in 314.23(B) or asdescribed in 314.23(F) shall be identified as “extra-duty.”

-type

Extra-duty cover requiredwhen installed on a freestanding post, stanchion,pillar, conduit, polymeric,wood brace of other rigidsupport


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406.12 - Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units (Revised)

Code Language:406.12 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units.


In all areas specified in 210.52, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles.

Reduce cost

Exception: Receptacles in the following locations shall not be requiredto be tamper-resistant:

(1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5½ ft) above the floor.

(2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance.

(3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two applianceslocated within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use,is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and-plugconnected in accordance with 400.7(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8).

(4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in406.4(D)(2)(a).

TR

Tamper-resistantreceptacle

406.13 - Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Guest Roomsand Guest Suites (New)406.14 - Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Child Care Facilities (New)

Code Language: 406.13 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Guest Rooms andGuest Suites.

Code Language: 406.14 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Child CareFacilities.

All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles locatedin guest rooms and guest suites shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles.

In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles.

Proposer’s Substantiation: 406.11 Requires listed tamper resistant receptacles inall areas specified in 210.52 for dwelling units to increase the level of safety forchildren. 210.60 requires guest rooms or guest suites in hotels, motels, sleepingrooms in dormitories, and similar occupancies to have receptacle outlets installed inaccordance with 210.52. These locations are also likely to be occupied by childrenand should require the same level of protection. People will come to expect this levelof safety for their children when occupying these facilities.

facilities.

Proposer’s Substantiation: Children in child care facilities have ready access toelectrical receptacles and the same potential hazard for electrical burns and shock exists if a child insertsa foreign object into a receptacle. The same level of protection required by the code in pediatric careareas and in dwellings should be provided for children in child care

TR

Tamper-resistantreceptacle

Article 408 - Switchboards and Panelboards

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Article 408.4(B) - Switchboards and PanelboardsField Identification Required, Source of Supply (New)

Code Language:


(B) Source of Supply. All switchboards andpanelboards supplied by a feeder in other than one- ortwo-family dwellings shall be marked to indicate thedevice or equipment where the power supplyoriginates.

In many commercialand industrial occupancies, where there are manypanelboards and switchboards located throughout thebuilding and/or premises, making it difficult at times tolocate the circuit breaker, main distribution panel, orfused disconnect which supplies the individualpanelboard or switchboard. In many engineered jobs,this type of labeling already takes place through thespecifications the electrical engineer has written up forthe electrical contractor to follow. This practiceenhances safety for the people who service theequipment, it will save time locating the circuit breakerin the case of an emergency and when normalmaintenance is performed.

Source of SupplyPanel MDP

Code Language: Luminaires as Raceways. Luminaires shall notbe used as a raceway for circuit conductors unless

listed and marked for use as a raceway

If you are installing luminaires and are thinking about running the circuit(s)through the luminaire, you would go to the code book and find your answer in section 410.64.At this point,because there are no exceptions to 410.64 the user has no reason to read additional code sections. If thetext that is now found in 410.65 were to be an exception, then the user would have reason to read that textand find out that there are, in fact, cases where you are permitted to use the luminaire as a raceway.

they comply with410.64(A), (B), or (C).

Luminaires shallbe permitted to be used as a raceway.

Luminaires identified for through-wiring, as permitted by 410.21, shall be permitted tobe used as a raceway.

Luminairesdesigned for end-to-end connection to form acontinuous assembly, or luminaires connected together by recognized wiring methods, shall bepermitted to contain the conductors of a 2-wire branch circuit, or one multiwire branch circuit, supplyingthe connected luminaires and shall not be required to be listed as a raceway. One additional 2-wirebranch circuit separately supplying one or more of the connected luminaires shall also be permitted.

(A) Listed.

(B) Through-Wiring.

(C) Luminaires Connected Together.


410.64 - Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps,Luminaires as Raceways (Revised)

Article 110 - Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps

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410.130(G)(1) - Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps,Disconnecting Means (Revised)

Code Language: (G) Disconnecting Means. (1) GeneralIn indoor locations other than dwellings and associatedaccessory structures, fluorescent luminaires that utilizedouble-ended lamps and contain ballast(s) that can beserviced in place shall have a disconnecting means eitherinternal or external to each luminaire.

The line sideterminals of the disconnecting means shall be guarded.

Disconnecting means provide a safe working environment for theelectrician. It can be added easily at the time a ballast is replaced and will provide a safer installation of thenext ballast replacement. There are several ballast disconnecting components available that can beeasily installed during ballast replacement. Per Article 100, the words “in sight of” mean within 50 feet.This is too far for a safe replacement. The disconnecting means shall be easily accessible to theelectrician.

For existing installedluminaires without disconnecting means, at the time a ballast isreplaced, a disconnecting means shall be installed.


ON

DisconnectingMeans

Agricultural BuildingsReceptacles (Revised)

547.5(G) , Wiring Methods

Code Language:


All 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere general-purpose receptacles installedin the locations listed in (1) through (4) shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupterprotection for personnel:(1) In areas having an equipotential plane(2) Outdoors(3) Damp or wet locations(4) Dirt confinement areas for livestock

This new allowance that was added to the 2008 NEC flies in the face of thegeneral rules for GFCI-protection discussed in 210.8. Because equipment that is functioning correctlyshould operate fine on a GFCIprotected outlet, there is no reason for this allowance.AGFCI doesn’t openuntil the circuit has a leakage current of 4-6mA, and, considering that listed equipment should have nomore than 0.5mAof leakage current, this allowance just doesn’t make any sense.

following

GFCI protection shall not be required for anaccessible receptacle supplying a dedicated loadwhere a GFCI protected receptacle is located with 3 feet(900 mm) of the non-GFCI receptacle.

Article 547 - Agricultural Buildings

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547.9( ) - Agricultural Buildings, Site Isolating Device Marking,Identification (Revised)

DE

Code Language:


Where a site is supplied bymore than one

apermanent plaque or directory shall be installed ateach of these distribution points denoting thelocation of each of the other distribution points andthe building or structures served by each.

The provisionshould apply whether or not the services arewithin 500 ft of each other; if located 510 ft apartthe requirement does not apply. On large areapremises wiring from multiple services may enterareas served by more than one service.

distribution point, service with anytwo services located a distance of 500 feet (150m) or less apart, as measured in a straight line,

DistributionPoint

DistributionPoint

Permanent plaque ordirectory is requiredat each distributionpoint

547.10(B) - Agricultural Buildings, Equipotential Planesand Bonding or Equipotential Planes, Bonding (Revised)

Code Language:


Equipotential planes shall be connected to the electrical grounding system. Thebonding conductor shall be copper, insulated, covered or bare, and not smaller than 8 AWG. Themeans of bonding to wire mesh or conductive elements shall be by pressure connectors or clamps ofbrass, copper, copper alloy, or an equally substantial approved means. Slatted floors that are supportedby structures that are a part of an equipotential plane shall not require bonding.

By adding the word “solid” this promotes consistency with sections 680.26and 682.33 that currently require a #8 solid AWG copperconductor be used for equipotential bonding. In addition toconsistency with other sections of the NEC, the solidconductor will be able to better withstand the harshenvironment created by the containment of livestock

solid

Stock tank withSubmersible heaterEquipotential plane must beconnected to the electricalgrounding system with an8AWG solid copper conductor

Article 590 - Temporary Installations

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590.6(A) - Temporary Installations, Ground-Fault Protectionfor Personnel, Receptacle Outlets (Revised)

All 125-volt, single-phase, 15-, 20-, and30-ampere receptacle outlets that are not a part of the permanent wiring of the building or structure andthat are in use by personnel shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel.

installed or exist as part of the permanent wiring of the building or structure andused for temporary electric power.

cord sets or devices incorporating listed ground-faultcircuit-interrupter protection for personnel identified for portable use shall be permitted.

Code Language:(A) Receptacle Outlets.

(2) Receptacle Outlets Existing or Installed as Permanent Wiring.

(3) Receptacles on 15-kW or less Portable Generators.

Ground-fault circuit-interrupterprotection for personnel shall be provided for all 125-volt, single-phase, 15-, 20-, and 30-ampere outlets

ing

Listed

All 125-volt and 125/250-volt, single-phase,15-, 20-, and 30-ampere receptacle outlets that are a part of a 15-kW or smaller portable generator shallhave listed ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel.All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt receptacles, including those that are part of a portable generator, used in a damp or wet location shallcomply with 406.9(A) and (B). Listed cord sets or devices incorporating listed ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel identified for portable use shall be permitted for use with 15-kW or lessportable generators manufactured or remanufactured prior to January 1, 2011.

Ifa receptacle(s) is s is

, ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel shall beprovided. For the purposes of this section,

Temporary receptacle installations used to supply temporary power toequipment used by personnel during construction, remodeling, maintenance, repair, ordemolition of buildings, structures, equipment, or similar activities shall comply with therequirements of 590.6(A)(1) through (A)(3), as applicable.

Exception: In industrial establishments only,where conditions of maintenance andsupervision ensure that only qualifiedpersonnel are involved, an assured equipmentgrounding conductor program as specified in590.6(B)(2) shall be permitted for only thosereceptacle outlets used to supply equipmentthat would create a greater hazard if powerwere interrupted or having a design that is notcompatible with GFCI protection.

temporary

(1) Receptacle Outlets Not Part of the Permanent Wiring.

All125-volt, single-phase, 15-, 20-, and 30-ampere receptacle outlets must have ground-fault

circuit-interrupter protection for personnel; portable GFCI devices are permitted to be used on thosecircuits, but not as a substitute for the source GFCI protection.

The second revision deals with ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection of receptacle outlets that arepart of 15-KW and smaller portable generators - GFCI protection, in one form or another, is required. Thisparticular revision was fairly controversial since Code Making Panel Number 3 is mandating theinstallation of GFCI protection of any 125- and 125/250-volt, single-phase 15-, 20-, and 30-amperereceptacle outlet installed on 15-kW and smaller portable generators manufactured after January 1,2011.

Effect of the Changes: The entire section was rewritten and reorganized for clarification, but alsoincluded two significant revisions.

The first, almost imperceptible revision, addresses cord sets or devices incorporating listed ground-faultcircuit-interrupter for personnel (portable GFCI protectors). They are permitted to be used in lieu ofground-fault circuit-interrupter outlet protection on or receptacle outlets.existing permanently installed

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Article 590 - Temporary Installations

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590.4(D)(2) - Temporary Installations,Receptacles in Wet Locations (New)

Code Language:(2) Receptacles in Wet Locations. All 15- and 20-ampere,125- and 250-volt receptaclesinstalled in a wet location shall comply with406.9(B)(1).

Proposer’s Substantiation: This proposal,and the companion proposal in Section406.8(B)(1) recognize that more durableproducts already exist that will help ensurethat the degree of protection for receptaclesenvisioned by the requirement in 406.8(B)will be retained in these harsher useenvironments.Requirements for listed “extra-duty” outletbox hoods are under development in UL514D.

All 15- 20-ampere, 125-and 250-volt receptaclesin wet locations musthave hoodcover

Extra-Duty

article 110 - requirements for electrical installations · article 110 - requirements for...

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