artificial intelligence cs105. group presentation project week of november 7 to november 11 group...
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Artificial Intelligence
CS105
Group Presentation Project• Week of November 7 to November 11• Group presentation• Groups of 3/4
– Each group will get 12/16 minutes maximum– Each member must speak for 4 minutes– Q&A session for 3/4 minutes– Team Leaders
• Topics:1. An existing AI application(s)2. An AI application that will possibly be created in the future and
you would invest money in it3. Technology in an AI movie – their advantages & disadvantages
• Questions: What is it? How does it work? – Don’t have to explain any technical details if you don’t want to
Group Presentation Project• Evaluation:
– Content and details– Organization– Member evaluation form– Dress up on the day of presentation
• Powerpoint files should be received BEFORE the beginning of class.
• Attendance is mandatory this week
Finding your group!
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence• Study and design of machines that can think like
a human being– Attempt to understand human intelligence
• But how do you define intelligence?– Abstract thought, understanding, communication,
reasoning and learning, planning and problem solving
• Goal: understand primary issues involved and the challenges
Artificial Intelligence• Intelligent machines
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.
.
List
Turing Test• A behavioral test to determine whether a
computer system is intelligent
Weak equivalence: The equality of two systems based on their results
Strong equivalence: The equality of two systems based on their results and the process by which they arrive at those results
• Natural language processing• Knowledge about various topics• Reasoning
State of the artDeep Blue beat Gary Kasparov, world champion in 1997 in a set of six games by two wins
Tartan Racing: 2007 DARPA Urban challenge winner. Autonomous vehicle capable of driving in traffic.
Search engines
Mobile humanoid robots: MIT media labs
TD Gammon learned how to play backgammon
Responsive environments: Bill Gates home
Responsive environments: Bill Gates home
Foundations of AI• Psychology– How do humans and animals think and act?
• Computer Science/Engineering– How to build an efficient computer system?
• Linguistics– How does language relate to thought?
• Philosophy• Mathematics• Economics• Neuroscience• Education / Learning
Knowledge Representation• Many ways– Natural language : not efficient for processing– Mathematical notation: rigorous– Want: Logical view so we can process it efficiently• Capture facts and relationships
Semantic network• A graph or network that presents meaningful
relationships among objects/concepts
Water
Vertebra
AnimalMammal
Bear
Cat
Fur
Fish
Whale
has
has
hasis a
is a
is a
lives inlives in
is a
is a
Search Trees• Hierarchical structures that represents the
alternatives of situations/choices– Nodes: Points in a tree that contains some form of
data– Edges: Link between nodes in a search tree– Game tree: is a graph whose nodes are the
positions in a game and whose edges are moves
Search Trees
12 6
9 5 8
2
7
4
4
63
1
0
5 3
7
Nodes
Edges
Parent nodes
C
L
P
P
PP
P P
C
C
C
P
Child nodes
L L L L
CLC
L
L
L
Leaf nodes
Game Trees
Player 1
Player 2
Player 1
Player 2
Wins!
Wins!
Depth first searchBreadth first search
Wins!
Wins!
Thought Question
Think of five questions that you might issue as the interrogator of a Turing test. Why would a computer have difficulty answering them well? Please explain your reasoning.