RESPECTED CHAIR PERSON &

INVITEED

WELLCOME TO ALL

OF YOU

SEMINER ON

“ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY”Presented by

Sukanta Das

M.Sc.1ST SEMESTER

CONTENTS• INTRODUCTION

• ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY

• ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY MACHINE

• RENAL FAILURE

• CAUSE OF RENAL FAILURE

• SYMPTOMS OF RENAL FAILURE

• DIET FOR RENAL PATIENT

• NECESSARY FOR DIALYSIS

• CENSUS

• CONCLUSION

Artificial KidneyThe haemo dialyzer or artificial kidney is a

machine used to filter the blood of a person

whose kidneys are damaged.

Consists :- cellophane tube dialyzing fluid.

Used :-kidneys are struggling to function,

and kidneys have reached the state of

acute failure. And it also uses a semi-

permeable membrane.

Function:- Most important functions of the

kidneys is the filtering of unwanted

chemicals and excess water from our blood.

ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY PROCESSHaemodialysis :

The separation of small molecules

from large molecules by semi

permeable membrane.

Uses:- To remove excess water and

salt, and balance the other electrolytes

in the body, and to remove waste

products of metabolism.

.

PROCEDURE OF HAEMODIALYSIS Haemo dialysis Machine is also called Artificial

Kidney. During haemo dialysis the patients

artery is connected with haemo dialysis

machine. Then blood is passed through a

cellophane tube immersed in a dialysis fluid.

Heparin is used as anticoagulant . Then blood

remove the toxic waste product and restores

the normal electrolyte conc. In the plasma. The

dialysed blood return back to the patient body

through a peripheral vein. This process is

usually last about 3_4 hours each week.

RENAL FAILURERenal failure (also kidney

failure or renal insufficiency) is

a medical condition in which

the kidneys fail to adequately

filter waste products from the

blood.

CAUSE OF RENAL FAILURE•Diabetes

•Hypertension

•Inflammation of the kidney

•Malaria

•Polycystic kidney disease• Jaundice

•Over consumption of some medications

•Crush syndrome (accidental causes)

• Uraemia

•SYMPTOMS OF RENAL FAILURE

Shortness of breath

Blood in urine

Protein in urine

Anaemia

Fatigue

Abnormal heart rhythms

Muscle paralysis

Pain in the back

Diet For Renal Patient

Fluid & Fluid Control: Drink only when

thirsty(Too much fluid may cause swelling,

shortness of breath, or high blood

pressure).

Lower phosphorus food : (Broccoli,Non-

dairy milk)

Low-potassium foods: (Fruits Vegetables

Other Food)

Protein :(We need both high quality

and low quality) Protein is needed to

maintain muscles, building resistance

to infections, repair and replace body

tissue. Eating less protein may be

helpful in reducing our blood urea

levels.

Sodium:Sodium is needed (controlling

muscle contractions, balancing fluids,

and controlling blood pressure).

NECESSARY OF DIALYASIS Approximately 1,500 liters of blood are

filtered by a healthy person's kidneys each

day. If waste products are not removed

from our kidneys. People whose kidneys

either do not work properly build up of

waste in their blood. Without dialysis the

amount of waste products in the blood

would increase and eventually reach

levels that would cause coma and

death.Dialysis is also used to rapidly

remove toxins or drugs from the blood.

.

CENSUSAt present in India, of the 1.5 lakh

new patients who suffer from end-

stage renal failure annually, only

3,500 get kidney transplants and

6,000-10,000 undergo dialysis.

CONCLUSIONThe use of the artificial kidney is

entirely safe, and when used as an

adjunct to the dietary regime of patients

with acute reversible renal failure it can

be life-saving in some instances. The

patients who fall into the moderate

group usually require a dialysis 7–10

days after the onset of renal failure.

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