artikel tb

7/25/2019 Artikel TB

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Tuberculosis (TB), who don't know this disease? everyone knows, because this disease strike

anyone even it's children or adult. So, what is TB?

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria

usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any art o! the body such as the kidney, sine,

and brain. "! not treated roerly, TB disease can be !atal.

TB is sread through the air !rom one erson to another. The TB bacteria are ut into the air when

a erson with TB disease o! the lungs or throat coughs, snee#es, seaks, or sings. $eole nearby

may breathe in these bacteria and become in!ected.

TB is %&T sread by

. shaking someone's hand

. sharing !ood or drink

. touching bed linens or toilet seats

*. sharing toothbrushes

+. kissing

%ot everyone in!ected with TB bacteria becomes sick. s a result, two TB-related conditions

eist/ latent TB in!ection and TB disease.

. 0atent TB "n!ection

TB bacteria can live in the body without making you sick. This is called latent TB in!ection. "n

most eole who breathe in TB bacteria and become in!ected, the body is able to !ight the bacteria

to sto them !rom growing. $eole with latent TB in!ection do not !eel sick and do not have any

symtoms. $eole with latent TB in!ection are not in!ectious and cannot sread TB bacteria toothers. 1owever, i! TB bacteria become active in the body and multily, the erson will go !rom

having latent TB in!ection to being sick with TB disease.

. TB 2isease

TB bacteria become active i! the immune system can't sto them !rom growing. 3hen TB bacteria

are active (multilying in your body), this is called TB disease. $eole with TB disease are sick.

They may also be able to sread the bacteria to eole they send time with every day.

Many eole who have latent TB in!ection never develo TB disease. Some eole develo TB

disease soon a!ter becoming in!ected (within weeks) be!ore their immune system can !ight the TB

bacteria. &ther eole may get sick years later when their immune system becomes weak !or

another reason. 4or eole whose immune systems are weak, esecially those with 1"5 in!ection,

the risk o! develoing TB disease is much higher than !or eole with normal immune systems.

There are two kinds o! tests that are used to determine i! a erson has been in!ected with TB

bacteria/ the tuberculin skin test and TB blood tests.

ositive TB skin test or TB blood test only tells that a erson has been in!ected with TB

bacteria. "t does not tell whether the erson has latent TB in!ection (0TB") or has rogressed to TBdisease. &ther tests, such as a chest -ray and a samle o! sutum, are needed to see whether the


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erson has TB disease.

%urse reading a atient's skin testTuberculin skin test/ The TB skin test (also called the Mantou

tuberculin skin test) is er!ormed by in6ecting a small amount o! !luid (called tuberculin) into the

skin in the lower art o! the arm. erson given the tuberculin skin test must return within *7 to8 hours to have a trained health care worker look !or a reaction on the arm. The health care

worker will look !or a raised, hard area or swelling, and i! resent, measure its si#e using a ruler.

9edness by itsel! is not considered art o! the reaction.

The skin test result deends on the si#e o! the raised, hard area or swelling. "t also deends on the

ersons risk o! being in!ected with TB bacteria and the rogression to TB disease i! in!ected.

$ositive skin test/ This means the ersons body was in!ected with TB bacteria. dditional tests

are needed to determine i! the erson has latent TB in!ection or TB disease. health care worker

will then rovide treatment as needed.

%egative skin test/ This means the ersons body did not react to the test, and that latent TB

in!ection or TB disease is not likely.

$erson holding a vial o! blood TB blood tests/ TB blood tests (also called inter!eron-gamma

release assays or ":9s) measure how the immune system reacts to the bacteria that cause TB. n

":9 measures how strong a ersons immune system reacts to TB bacteria by testing the

ersons blood in a laboratory.

Two ":9s are aroved by the ;.S. 4ood and 2rug dministration (42) and are available in

the ;nited States/$ositive ":9/ This means that the erson has been in!ected with TB bacteria. dditional tests

are needed to determine i! the erson has latent TB in!ection or TB disease. health care worker

will then rovide treatment as needed.

%egative ":9/ This means that the ersons blood did not react to the test and that latent TB

in!ection or TB disease is not likely.

":9s are the re!erred method o! TB in!ection testing !or the !ollowing/

$eole who have received bacille uroe, and 9ussia)+. $eole who live or work somewhere in the ;nited States where TB disease is more common


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(homeless shelters, rison or 6ails, or some nursing homes)

. $eole who use illegal drugs

check this vidio to know more about TB

Symtoms and Sread o! Tuberculosis/ htts/@@youtu.be@C"STD

artikel tb

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