THEORETICAL BASE OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE EDUCATION II

ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED TO

SMITHA MISS

LECTURER IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE

SUBMITTED BY

ARYA MOHAN M.T

PHYSICAL SCIENCE

TOPIC : SIGNIFICANCE AND ORGANIZATION OF SCIENCE CLUB

ACTIVITIES, TRAINING IN PROBLEM SOLVING AND

DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOMOTOR SKILLS

INDEX

SERIAL NO CONTENT

1. Introduction

2. Science club

3. Significance of a science club

4. Organisation of a science club

5. Problem solving

6. Training in problem solving

7. Development of psychomotor skills

8. Conclusion

9. Reference

INTRODUCTION

Science clubs are organizations (in our case based at a particular school) intended to provide opportunities for students to explore science. The clubs are usually initiated by educator/learners at a particular school, science communicator/educator / parent or a scientist/engineer. No two clubs are the same; mainly because they are run by different people, in different environments, for different children and while some clubs focus on science broadly, others focus a particular field e.g. astronomy, physics or biotechnology. Certainly all science clubs fuel the wonder and the joy of learning science in interactive, fun, informative, challenging and informal ways. Generally problems don't go away; rather they have a habit of growing unless dealt with effectively by a good member of staff or the team as a whole. Remember there is always another way to do it, which might be cheaper or quicker.

There are many approaches to problem solving, depending on the nature of the problem and the people involved in the problem. Most of us encounter problems in our work. However, sometimes we have to go beyond the existing procedures to create new ways of solving the problems we face in our roles. When learning psychomotor skills, individuals progress through the cognitive stage, the associative stage, and the autonomic stage. The cognitive stage is marked by awkward slow and choppy movements that the learner tries to control. The learner has to think about each movement before attempting it. In the associative stage, the learner spends less time thinking about every detail, however, the movements are still not a permanent part of the brain. In the autonomic stage, the learner can refine the skill through practice, but no longer needs to think about the movement.[

SCIENCE CLUB

‘Learning by doing’ and ‘learning by living ‘ are two important factors of learning.

Science club is the place where all the co-curricular activities are organized.Through the science club,students get an opportunity to extra learning in addition to their course content.

DEFINITION

‘’If the future of India belongs to youth and science there should be vast place for

science clubs in school curriculum”_DAVIS

According to webb, organizing a science club upto higher secondary stage and not specialized clubs because:

(1) Specialized clubs are short lived.(2) Only a few students take interest in specialized

activities.Moreover science clubs have more educational value for the improvement of science education in schools.

THE SPECIALIZED CLUBS ARE :

(a) Radio club(b) Aviation club etc

THE GENERAL TYPE CLUBS ARE:

(a) Science club(b) Chemical society etc

SIGNIFICANCE OF A SCIENCE CLUB

To develop creativity and encourage the habit of exploration.

To broaden the scientific out look of the students. To develop interest in scientific hobbies. To develop training in scientific method among students. To keep the students in touch with the latest progress of

science. To develop a habit of co-operative working among

students. To provide profitable use of leisure time. To develop the observation power. To encourage the students for participation. To inculcate scientific attitude among the students. To encourage critical thinking.

ORGANISATION OF A SCIENCE CLUB

The organisation of a science club may be as:

A senior science teacher may be the sponsor. The principal/ headmaster of the school may be the patron. The science students and other students who are interested in

science can be provided with membership. The resources of the school should be made available to the club. An elective excecutive committe formed from amongst the

students consist of:(a)Chairperson(b) Secretary(c)Joint secretary(d) Treasurer(e)Librarian(f) Store-keeper(g)Publicity incharge(h) Class representatives

A nominal membership free should be charged from every member.

Other resources should be tapped by the club. The members of the club should be encouraged to extend the

activities of the club in their locality. The duties of office bearers should be:

Patron: To extend all the facilities to the club for its effective working.Sponser : To look after guide, lead and not to instruct or dictate.

Chairperson : To preside over the functions of the club and over the meetings of the executive committee.Secretary : To maintain the minutes of the meetings of the clubJoint secretary : To assist the secretary and to act for secretary in his absence.Treasurer : To collect subscriptions and maintain accounts.Librarian : To issue and receive books,to maintain catalogue of the library, to file and keep a record of the equipments of the club,to buy new equipments sanctioned by the executive committee.Publicity incharge : To publicize the activities of the club in and outside the school.ACTIVATIES OF A SCIENCE CLUB Certain activities can be selected by the members of the club according to available resources and prevailing conditions.(1) Arranging visits to places of scientific interest.(2)Arranging declamation, debates and paper reading contests.(3)Holding science fairs and exhibitions.(4)Making improvised apparatus.(5)Celebrating science days.(6)Collection of specimens for exhibitions.(7)Preparing models, charts etc.(8)Arranging extension lectures of reputed and learned

personalities in the field of science.(9)Preparing phenyl, soaps, ink etc. the things of common use.(10)Keeping weather records. PROBLEM SOLVING

Problems solving is a scientific method in which the learner applies his ability, previously acquired knowledge and experiences to new situations and challenges. It analyses the current problem and situation in multiple ways, generates solutions determines a practical solution and applies it.IMPORTANCE

It fosters creative thinking ability.

It develops comprehension power.

It develops communication competence.

It facilitates more involvement of pupils.

It develops pupil’s ability to analyze and synthesis

It develops pupil’s convincing power

TRAINING IN PROBLEM SOLVING

Problem solving ability is not an isolated ability. It is the result of several other abilities such as good comprehension, reasoning, creativity etc.Development of these abilities along with awareness of problem solving facilitates development of problem solving ability in learners, some suitable strategies are given below.

Teach strategies of problem solving.

Develop analytical skills in learners.

Develop decision making power.

Develop creativity.

Facilitate open mind.

Develop logical thinking.

DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOMOTOR SKILLS

Psychomotor skills represent those activities that are primarily movement oriented, in teaching emphasis is placed on these movement, components although ultimately in practice performance,required an integration of related knowledge and values.This articles examiners the process of psychomotor skill development and provides guidliness for teaching motor skills

CONCLUSION

Science clubs channelize the energies of students and make use of their skills and talents, which satisfy their instincts and urges and helps in their overall personality development. Science clubs work in association with classroom instruction of science subjects. Therefore we can define science club as "an organization, which helps in the development of scientific attitude, and develop genuine interest in science and scientific activities, supplements the work of the classroom and the laboratory and parts the syllabus on a practical bias".

A major goal of education is to help students learn in ways that enable them to use what they have learned to solve problems in new situations. In short, problem solving is fundamental to education because educators are interested in improving students' ability to solve problems. This entry defines key terms, types of problems, and processes in problem solving and then examines theories of problem solving, ways of teaching for problem solving

transfer, and ways of teaching of problem solving skill. A student's motivation has a positive influence on the development of psychomotor skills.

REFERENCE

Anju Soni , “Teaching of science” , published by: Tandon publications, Ludhiana

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://educationnext.org

Corrected and checked by

Smitha I G

Lr. in Physical Science

F.M.T.C,Mylapore.