AS RANDOM EXAM

QUESTIONS

LIST 5 STRUCTURES OF A SYNOVIAL

JOINT.

MATCH THE NAME OF THE JOINT WITH ITS TYPE.

PIVOTWRIST HINGE ATLAS/AXIS

SADDLE ELBOW GLIDING

CONDYLOID VERTEBRAE THUMB

SHOULDER BALL & SOCKET

ARTICULATING BONES:

FILL THEM IN

SHOULDER 2

ELBOW 3

RADIO-ULNAR

2

WRIST 3

HIP 2

KNEE 2

ANKLE 3

FILL IN THE MISSING BLANKS

ACTION PERFORMED

JOINT ACTIVE MUSCLE

TYPE OF CONTRACTION

BICEP CURL

(DOWNWARD

PHASE)

LIST THE 4 MUSCLES THAT MAKE UP THE

QUADRICEPS.

STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

MUSCLE BEING WORKED

SHOULDER PRESS

LEG CURLS (UP)

HIP EXTENSIONS

TOE RAISES

BICEP CURLS

SQUATS (UPWARD PHASE)

BENCH PRESS

CRUNCHES

LIST 3 STRUCTURAL

AND

3 FUNCTIONAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOW OXIDATIVE MUSCLE FIBRES

APPLY NEWTONS THREE LAWS TO A SPRINTER IN

THEIR BLOCKS.

LIST 3 PRINCIPLES MAKE AN OBJECT OR PERSON

MORE STABLE.

ANSWERS TO THE FIRST 10

QUESTIONS

LIST 5 STRUCTURES OF A SYNOVIAL JOINT.

• ARTICULAR CARTILAGE• PADS OF FAT• MENISICUS• LIGAMENT

• SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE• JOINT CAPSULE• SYNOVIAL FLUID

• BURSA

MATCH THE NAME OF THE JOINT WITH ITS TYPE.

PIVOT ATLAS/AXIS B & S SHOULDER

CONDYLOID WRISTHINGE ELBOW

GLIDING VERTEBRAESADDLE THUMB

ARTICULATING BONES:

FILL THEM IN

SHOULDER HEAD OF HUMERUS & GLENOID FOSSA OF

SCAPULA

ELBOW HUMERUS, RADIUS,ULNA

RADIO-ULNAR RADIUS/ULNA

WRIST RADIUS,ULNA,CARPALS

HIP HEAD OF FEMUR

ACETABULUM OF PELVIS

KNEE FEMUR TIBIA

ANKLE TIBIA, FIBULA,TALUS

FILL IN THE MISSING BLANKS

ACTION PERFORMED

JOINT ACTIVE MUSCLE

TYPE OF CONTRACTION

BICEP CURL

(DOWNWARD

PHASE)

ELBOW TRICEP BRACHII

CONCENTRIC

LIST THE 4 MUSCLES THAT MAKE UP THE

QUADRICEPS.• RECTUS FEMORIS

• VASTUS LATERALIS

• VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

• VASTUS MEDIALIS

STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

MUSCLE BEING WORKED

SHOULDER PRESS DELTOID

LEG CURLS (UP) BICEP FEMORIS

HIP EXTENSIONS GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

TOE RAISES GASTROCNEMIUS

BICEP CURLS BICEPS BRACHII

SQUATS (UPWARD PHASE) RECTUS FEMORIS

BENCH PRESS PEACTORALIS MAJOR

CRUNCHES RECTUS ABDOMINUS

LIST 3 STRUCTRAL AND 3 FUNCTIONAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOW OXIDATIVE MUSCLE FIBRES.

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

SMALL/RED SLOW CONTRACTILE SPEED

MANY MITOCHONDRIA LOW CONTRACTILE STRENGTH

MANY CAPILLARIES HIGH FATIQUE RESISTANT

HIGH MYOGLOBIN CONTENT

HIGH AEROBIC CAPACITY

LOW GLYCOGEN STORES LOW ANEROBIC CAPACITY

APPLY NEWTONS THREE LAWS TO A SPRINTER IN THEIR BLOCKS.

FIRST LAW = LAW OF INERTIA E.G SPRINTER REMAINS IN BLOCKS UNTIL A FORCE

IS APPLIED

SECOND LAW = LAW OF ACCELERATIONE.G MORE FORCE APPLIED TO THE BLOCKS OR

AGAINST THE FLOOR WILL CAUSE GREATER ACCELERATION

THIRD LAW = THE ACTION/REACTION LAWE.G WHEN AN ATHLETE STARTS A SPRINT RACE

THEY DRIVE AGAINST THE BLOCKS AND THE BLOCKS DRIVE AGAINST THE ATHLETE.

LIST 3 PRINCIPLES MAKE AN OBJECT OR PERSON MORE

STABLE.

• THE LOWER THE CENTRE OF MASS THE MORE STABLE THE BODY

• THE BIGGER THE BASE OF SUPPORT THE MORE STABLE THE BODY

• THE CLOSER THE LINE OF GRAVITY TO THE CENTRE OF THE BASE OF SUPPORT THE

MORE STABLE THE BODY

NEXT EXAM QUESTIONS

• FORCE

• CARDIVASUCULAR

• RESPIRATORY

HOW WOULD YOU APPLY LINEAR AND ANGULAR

MOTION TO AN OBJECT?

APPLY NEWTONS SECOND LAW TO A FREE KICK IN

FOOTBALL

APPLY NEWTONS THIRD LAW TO THE TAKE OFF PHASE OF A HIGH JUMP

STROKE VOLUME

IS DETERMINED BY 3 MAIN FACTORS – NAME THEM.

THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA

HAS 3 CONTROL CENTRES – NAME THEM

A SA NODE 1 RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING HR

B AVERAGE RESTING Q 2 RELAXED/FILLING PHASE

C SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

3 INITATES THE CARDIAC IMPULSE

D VENOUS RETURN 4 EMPTYING PHASE

E SYSTOLE 5 5 LITRES

F DIASTOLE 6 DEOXYGENATED BLOOD RETURNING TO THE HEART

CONDUCTION SYSTEMPLACE IN ORDER(A) TRAVELS DOWN BUNDLE OF HIS

(B) CONTINUES UP & AROUND L & R VENTRICLE WALLS

(C ) SA NODE INITIATES CARDIAC IMPULSE WHICH:

(D) CONTINUES DOWN THE PURKINJE FIBRES

(E) PASSES THROUGH ATRIA WALLS

WHAT IS VASOMOTOR AND VENOMOTOR

CONTROL?

RESPIRATORY SYSTEMLUNG VOLUMES DEFINITION

TIDAL VOLUME

MINUTE VENTILATION

INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME

EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME

WHAT AIDS GOOD GASEOUS

EXCHANGE

A BOHR EFFECT 1 STIMULATES DIAPHRAGM TO CONTRACT

B HYPERVENTILATION 2 DETECT MOTOR MOVEMENT

C ALVEOLI 3 LOW pH CAUSING INCREASE IN DISSOCIATION OF O2 FROM Hb

D STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

4 SITE OF GASEOUS EXCHANGE

E PROPRIOCEPTORS 5 RAPID INCREASE IN BREATHING RATE

F PHRENIC NERVE 6 MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION

ROLE OF THE RESPIRATORY

CONTROL CENTRE

ANSWERS

HOW WOULD YOU APPLY LINEAR AND ANGULAR MOTION TO AN

OBJECT?

LINEAR= FORCE MUST BE APPLIED THROUGH THE BODY’S CENTRE OF MASS

ANGULAR = FORCE MUST BE APPLIED OUTSIDE THE CENTRE OF MASS

APPLY NEWTONS SECOND LAW TO A FREE KICK IN FOOTBALL

THE HARDER HE/SHE KICKS THE BALL THE FASTER AND FURTHER IT WILL GO IN THE DIRECTION IN

WHICH HE/SHE KICKED IT

APPLY NEWOTNS THIRD LAW TO THE TAKE OFF PHASE OF A HIGH JUMP

THE HIGH JUMPER EXERTS A DOWNWARD FORCE TO THE GROUND THAT EXERTS AN

EQUAL & OPPOSITE UPWARD FORCE TO THE JUMPER TO ALLOW THEM TO TAKE OFF

STROKE VOLUME IS DETERMINED BY 3 MAIN FACTORS –

NAME THEM.

• VENOUS RETURN VOLUME

• VENTRICULAR STRETCH

• VENTRICULAR CONTRACTILITY (FORCE OF CONTRACTION)

THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA HAS 3 CONTROL CENTRES – NAME

THEM

• CARDIAC CONTROL CENTRE

• RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTRE

• VASOMOTOR CONTROL

A3 SA NODE 1 RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING HR

B5 AVERAGE RESTING Q 2 RELAXED/FILLING PHASE

C1 SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

3 INITATES THE CARDIAC IMPULSE

D6 VENOUS RETURN 4 EMPTYING PHASE

E4 SYSTOLE 5 5 LITRES

F2 DIASTOLE 6 DEOXYGENATED BLOOD RETURNING TO THE HEART

CONDUCTION SYSTEMPLACE IN ORDER(A) TRAVELS DOWN BUNDLE OF HIS

(B) CONTINUES UP & AROUND L & R VENTRICLE WALLS

(C ) SA NODE INITIATES CARDIAC IMPULSE WHICH:

(D) CONTINUES DOWN THE PURKINJE FIBRES

(E) PASSES THROUGH ATRIA WALLS

C E A D B

WHAT IS VASOMOTOR AND VENOMOTOR CONTROL?

VASOMOTOR = LOCATED IN THE MEDULLA CONTRICTS OR DILATES

THE ARTERIAL BLOOD VESSELS

VENOMOTOR = CONSTRICTS OR DILATES THE VENOUS BLOOD

VESSELS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

LUNG VOLUMES DEFINITION

TIDAL VOLUME VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED & EXPIRED PER BREATH DURING REST

MINUTE VENTILATION VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED/EXPIRED IN 1 MINUTE

INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME VOLUME OF AIR THAT CAN BE FORCEFULLY INSPIRED AFTER NORMAL INSPIRATION

EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME VOLUME OF AIR THAT CAN BE FORCEFULLY EXPIRED AFTER NORMAL EXPIRATION

WHAT AIDS GOOD GASEOUS EXCHANGE

• VAST NETWORK ALVEOLI CAPILLARIES

• THIN MEMBRANE• MOIST LINING

• SHORT DIFFUSION PATH

A3 BOHR EFFECT 1 STIMULATES DIAPHRAGM TO CONTRACT

B5 HYPERVENTILATION 2 DETECT MOTOR MOVEMENT

C4 ALVEOLI 3 LOW pH CAUSING INCREASE IN DISSOCIATION OF O2 FROM Hb

D6 STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID 4 SITE OF GASEOUS EXCHANGE

E2 PROPRIOCEPTORS 5 RAPID INCREASE IN BREATHING RATE

F1 PHRENIC NERVE 6 MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION

ROLE OF THE RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTRE

• REGULATES BREATHING• STIMULATES

INSPIRATORY/EXPIRATORY MUSCLES