asc 2004 talk (monday) 2004 talk (monday).pdf · reading assignment 1. garwin and matisoo, 1967...
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![Page 1: ASC 2004 Talk (Monday) 2004 Talk (Monday).pdf · Reading Assignment 1. Garwin and Matisoo, 1967 (100 GW on Nb3Sn) 2. Bartlit, Edeskuty and Hammel, 1972 (LH2, LNG and 1 GW on LTSC)](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042408/5f244c2ab109cd4e0752d919/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The SuperCable:Dual Delivery of Chemical and Electric Power
Paul M. GrantEPRI Science Fellow (retired)
IBM Research Staff Member EmeritusPrincipal, W2AGZ Technologies
Applied Superconductivity Conference 20043-8 October 2004, Jacksonville, FLSession: HTS Power Cables – III
Paper: 1LT06, Monday 4 October 2004, 5:30 PM
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“The Great Communicator”
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Earth at Night - 2000
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Earth at Night - 2050
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“The Present Grid”
Wired Magazine, June 2001
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Californication!
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Reading Assignment1. Garwin and Matisoo, 1967 (100 GW on Nb3Sn)2. Bartlit, Edeskuty and Hammel, 1972 (LH2, LNG and
1 GW on LTSC)3. Haney and Hammond, 1977 (Slush LH2 and Nb3Ge)4. Schoenung, Hassenzahl and Grant, 1987 (5 GW on
HTSC, 1000 km)5. Grant, 2002 (SuperCity, Nukes+LH2+HTSC)6. Proceedings, SuperGrid Workshop, 2002
These articles, and much more, can be found at www.w2agz.com, sub-pages SuperGrid/Bibliography
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Past & Future Energy Supply
Year (Modern Era)
Rel
ativ
e U
nits
Fission
Hydrogen
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The Hydrogen Economy
• You have to make it, just like electricity• Electricity can make H2, and H2 can make
electricity (2H2O 2H2 + O2)• You have to make a lot of it• You can make it cold, - 419 F (21 K)
P.M. Grant, “Hydrogen lifts off…with a heavy load,” Nature 424, 129 (2003)
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P.M. Grant, The Industrial Physicist, Feb/March Issue, 2002
SupermarketSchool Home
Family Car
DNA-to-order.com
Nuclearplant
H2
H2
HTSC/MgB2
SuperCity
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Diablo Canyon
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California Coast Power
Diablo Canyon2200 MWPower Plant
Wind FarmEquivalent
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Co-Production of Hydrogen and Electricity
Source: INEL & General Atomics
ReactorVessel
O2
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Source: General Atomics
Nuclear “Hydricity” Production Farm
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“Hydricity” SuperCables
+v I-v
I
H2 H2
Circuit #1 +v I-v
I
H2 H2
Circuit #2
Multiple circuitscan be laid in single trench
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SuperCable MonopoleHV Insulation
“Super-Insulation”
Superconductor
Hydrogen
DO
DH2
tsc
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Electric & H2 Power
0.12525,000100,000+/- 50001000
Annular Wall Thickness
(cm)
Critical Current Density (A/cm2)
Current (A)Voltage (V)Power (MW)
Electricity
3183.8110500
“Equivalent” Current Density
(A/cm2)
H2 Flow Rate (m/sec)
Inner Pipe Diameter, DH2
(cm)
Power (MW)
Hydrogen (LH2, 20 K)
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SuperCable H2 Storage
32201.6TVA Raccoon Mountain
20201Alabama CAES
881Scaled ETM SMES
Energy (GWh)Storage (hrs)Power (GW)
Some Storage Factoids
One Raccoon Mountain = 13,800 cubic meters of LH2
LH2 in 10 cm diameter, 250 mile bipolar SuperCable= Raccoon Mountain
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Relative Density of H2 as a Function of Pressure at 77 K wrt LH2 at 1 atm
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000Pressure (psia)
Rho
(H2)
/Rho
(LH2
)
Vapor
Supercritical
50% LH2
100% LH2
H2 Gas at 77 K and 1850 psia has 50% of the energy content of liquid H2and 100% at 6800 psia
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H2 - Gas SuperCable
Electrical Insulation
“Super-Insulation”
Superconductor
Supercritical Hydrogen @ 77 K
1000 – 7000 psia
Liquid Nitrogen @ 77 K
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Electricity Generation - June 2004
Coal49%
Oil2%Hydro
7%
Nukes20%
Gas18%
Renewable2%
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Al-Can Gas Pipeline
Proposals
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Mackenzie Valley Pipeline
1300 km
18 GW-thermal
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Electrical Insulation
“Super-Insulation”
Superconductor
LNG @ 105 K1 atm (14.2 psia)
Liquid Nitrogen @ 77 K
Thermal Barrier to LNG
LNG SuperCable
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SuperCable Prototype Project
H2 e–
H2 Storage SMES
Cryo I/C Station
500 m Prototype
“Appropriate National Laboratory”2005-09
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Regional System Interconnections
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