asia economic geo

7/31/2019 Asia Economic Geo

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Asia

Economic Geography


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Agriculture in Asia

Many countries in Asia have arable land

that is good for farming.

Tropical crops are grown in countries withtropical climate zones.

Rice is the most important food crop in the

region.


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Crops

A few tropical crops are:

A. Tea

B. Sugar Cane

C. Coffee

D. Rubber

E. Cocao


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World Tea Production


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World Coffee Production


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Methods of Farming

In mountainous areas of Asia peoplepractice agricultural terracing.

In areas with tropical forests people useslash and burn farming.

Many tropical cash crops are grown on

large plantations. In most areas people still practice

subsistence farming.


7/30Tea Plantation


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Rice Terraces


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The Green Revolution

The Green Revolution was a period of time

from the 1940s to the 1960s when new

strains of rice and other crops wereintroduced to developing parts of the world.

These new crops produced more food per

square hectare and allowed food productionto keep pace with population growth.


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The Green Revolution

IR8 is a variety of rice that was geneticallyengineered by the International Rice ResearchInstitute and introduced to India.

Regular Rice Yield = 1/2 ton per hectare

IR8 Rice Yield = 5 tons per hectare with nofertilizer and 10 tons with fertilizer.


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Developed or Developing?

Most countries in Asia are developing.

China is developing but it is industrialized.

India is developing but it has many factories

and some cities have high tech sectors such

as computer programming and the

manufacturing of electronic components.


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Comparison of Demographics

Japan China

GDP 4.417 trillion 7.043 trillion

GDP Per Capita $33,800 $5,300

Life Expectancy 82 years 73 years

Infant Mortality 2.8 21.16

Literacy Rate 99% 90%


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Comparison of Economy

Sector of the

economy

Japan China

Agriculture 4.6% 11.7%

Industry 27.8% 49.2%

Services 67.7% 39.1%


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Developed

The following countries are developed:

A. Japan

B. Taiwan

C. Singapore

D. South Korea


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Developed

Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea are

considered newly industrialized countries

because they built most of their factories inthe last fifty years and the economy of these

countries no longer relies on agriculture.

Japan is highly industrialized but it has beenindustrialized since the late 19th century.


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Japan

Japan has one of the largest fishing fleets in the

world.

Japan has automobile factories but in general theeconomy is moving towards the service sector.

Japan is the economic leader in the region.

Japan is heavily dependent on imported raw

resources. It must import about 50% of its food

and most of its fuel.


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China

China is communist and had a centrally planned or

command economy, however, in the last thirty

years China has transitioned towards a free marketeconomy.

China, along with many countries in Asia, now

participates in the global market.

Due to rapid industrialization China now faces

several environmental problems such as soil

erosion, air pollution, and the loss of arable land.


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Economic Systems

There are three types of economic

systems:

A. Free Market Economy

B. Mixed Economy

C. Command Economy (Centrally Planned)

The only country in Asia with a strict command economyis North Korea. Laos, Vietnam, and China are alltransitioning towards free market economies.


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Economic Unions

The largest economic union in this regionis ASEAN, The Association of Southeast

Asian Nations. The members of ASEANare:

A. Brunei F. CambodiaB. Indonesia G. Laos

C. Vietnam H. ThailandD. Philippines I. SingaporeE. Malaysia J. Myanmar


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ASEAN


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ASEAN


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SAARC


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Population

Parts of Asia are very densely populatedand parts of it are sparsely populated.

Densely populated areas include EasternChina, India, Japan, and most of SoutheastAsia.

Sparsely populated areas are WesternChina, Mongolia, and areas in the HimalayaMountains.


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Population

China is the most populated country in the

world and India is the second most

populated country. China has instituted a one child policy in

order to limit population growth. India has

no policy.


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Population Pyramids


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Population Pyramids


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Cities

Asia has some of the largest cities in theworld.

In Asia there is an extreme contrast betweenurban areas and rural areas. People in ruralareas are still living a traditional lifestyleand practicing subsistence farming.

Many people are moving to cities to lookfor jobs.


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Cities

Site = The physical location of a city.

Situation = The economic, political,

cultural, or topographic factors that make acity important.


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CitiesCity Site

Singapore

Hong Kong

Situation

Xian, China

Varanasi, India

Island

Island

On a trade route, TheStrait of Malacca

Grew up on a traderoute,The Silk Road

Focal point forReligious pilgrimage


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Silk Road

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