assessment of growth, physiology and water use...
TRANSCRIPT
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Assessment of growth, physiology and water use efficiency of wild and edible
Musa balbisiana germplasm under drought condition
EvelynF.Delfin,EurekaTeresaM.Ocampo,FeM.delaCueva,OliviaP.Damasco,LornaE.Herradura,EricG.Dinglasan,LaverneeS.
Gueco,FelipeS.delaCruzandAgustinB.Molina
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Very important crop commodity worldwideTropical and subtropical countries
Philippines - ranks number 4
Total production of 9,101,300 metric tons in 2010 (BAS, 2011)
Ranks second to palay with value of production amounting to PhP 106,485,700 (BAS, 2011)
Very important crop commodity worldwideTropical and subtropical countries
Philippines - ranks number 4
Total production of 9,101,300 metric tons in 2010 (BAS, 2011)
Ranks second to palay with value of production amounting to PhP 106,485,700 (BAS, 2011)
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Predicted to cause shifts in areas suitable for cultivation of a wide range of crops;
In banana 4.25% reduction in crop production area is predicted (Singh, 2011)
Climate change - Impact on banana production
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Traditional banana areas predicted to experience longer droughts
an annual rainfall of <1100 mm could result to 8-28% reduction in bunch weight (van Asten et al., 2011).
Climate change – Impact on banana production
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The challenge of climate change on banana production
The challenge of climate change on banana production
Selection and development of drought-tolerant crop varieties
Finding gene sources and developing varieties for drought tolerance
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The challenge of climate change on banana production
The challenge of climate change on banana production
Musa balbisiana (B) genome Drought tolerant
Traits conferring drought toleranceNot enough data for breeding
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South East Asia/Papua New Guinea and Philippine collection
Wild and edible M. balbisiana genotypes/ accessions; interspecific hybridsNo assessment for drought tolerance
The challenge of climate change on banana production: Research Gaps
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To determine the growth and physiological traits of 35 wild and edible Musa balbisianagenotypes and interspecific hybrids in response to drought under greenhouse condition
Objective
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Methodology
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Genotype Genome Genotype Genome
98 363 BBw Latundan AAB
98 364 BBw Maduranga ABB
98 580 BBw Matavia ABB
98 617 BBw Mundo BBB
98 631 BBw Paa Dalaga BBB
99 058 BBw Pelipia ABB
99 088 BBw Saba Hapon BBB
Abuhon BB Saba Puti BBB
Cardaba* BBB Tindok ABB
Dippig BBB Tiparot ABBB
Gubao BBB Grand Naine** Reference variety
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Genotype Genome Genotype GenomeHumwey AAB PK Malacacina AABK Khai Boran AAB P Keling AABK Namwa ABB P Lingi AABK Namwa Luang ABB P Rajah
Talong AAB
K Tebb AAB P Rasa ABBKabai AAB P Seribu AABKunambo AAB Pokpok AABWild (BBw) - 7 Diploid (BB) 1 Triploid (BBB) 7 ABBB 1
Hybrids AAB - 12 ABB - 7
SouthEast Asia/Papua New Guinea Collection
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Three Batches
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o RCBD in split plot Main plot – drought, control (well watered)Subplot – M. balbisiana accessionso Age of plant at drought imposition – 3 months
o RCBD in split plot Main plot – drought, control (well watered)Subplot – M. balbisiana accessionso Age of plant at drought imposition – 3 months
Hardened seedlings were transplanted to pails, and grown for another month under well-irrigated conditions.
Drought was imposed by stopping irrigation during the fourth week.
Hardened seedlings were transplanted to pails, and grown for another month under well-irrigated conditions.
Drought was imposed by stopping irrigation during the fourth week.
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Water use efficiency – mg dm/kg water used•• All pots were irrigated to field All pots were irrigated to field
capacity (FC)capacity (FC)•• CONTROLCONTROL•• Pots were weighed at FCPots were weighed at FC•• Before rewatering, pots were Before rewatering, pots were
weigh again, and decrease in weigh again, and decrease in weight was made up for with weight was made up for with waterwater
•• DROUGHTDROUGHToo Pots were weighed every 3 Pots were weighed every 3
daysdaysoo At harvest, the dry weights of At harvest, the dry weights of
plants were determinedplants were determined
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Soil Moisture Content monitoring
Relative Leaf Fold measurement –
Water Use determination
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Stomatal conductanceevery 3 days
Relative Leaf Fold Measurement taken – 3 days
Relative Leaf Fold Measurement taken – 3 days
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Root volume
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RESULTS
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10 days after drought imposition
14 days after drought imposition
Drought Control
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Total Dry matter Yield
significant differences in the total dry matter yields of the cultivars
adverse effect of drought on total dry matter yield was observedacross cultivars for the three set
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Root volume
Significant varietal differences -in the first screening
Adverse effect of drought 47 to 65% and 51 to 84% reductions in the second set.
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Frequency Distribution : Reduction in Root volume
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Root dry weightRoot dry weight
Adverse effect of drought in the three screenings conducted 37- 71%
Significant genotype differences
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Reduction in Root Shoot Ratio, %
Root Shoot Ratio
Genotypes with higher biomass allocated to the roots under drought while the rest of the entries showed reductions in RS ratio
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Water Use Efficiency
increased WUE under drought condition 2 to 66%Genotypic variation in terms of WUE was observed in batches 1 and 2
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Stomatal Conductance vs Soil Moisture
Significant interaction between the genotype and the time of samplingGenotypes showed an increase in stomatal conductance on the fourth day after irrigation was withheld
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RLF values were observed to increase with the depletion of soil moisture contentSignificant differences among varieties observed starting at 6 days after the last watering until the termination of the experimenfor batch 1
For batch 2 at 15th day up to 21st after last watering probably due to slower soil drying
Relative Leaf Fold
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Correlation analysis results showed that water use efficiency was positively correlated with total plant dry weight, root volume, root weight and relative leaf folding.
Relative leaf folding was positively correlated with root weight, total plant weight and water use efficiency.
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Different stomatal conductance, dry matter accumulation, root characteristics and WUE among genotypes
Stomatal closure is an early response
Different stomatal conductance, dry matter accumulation, root characteristics and WUE among genotypes
Stomatal closure is an early response
Findings:
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
GLOBAL CROP DIVERSITY TRUSTUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosUPLB – FI BIOVERSITY INTERNATIONAL
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
GLOBAL CROP DIVERSITY TRUSTUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosUPLB – FI BIOVERSITY INTERNATIONAL
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Thankyou!!