assessment of respiratory function
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7/31/2019 Assessment of Respiratory Function
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Assessment of Respiratory Function
Pulmonary Function Test
Definition
Routinely used in patients w/ chronic respiratory
disorders.
Example:
Tuberculosis, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Lung
Disease(Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia), Lung Transplants
- The tests can determine the cause of shortness
of breath and may help confirm lung diseases,
such as asthma, bronchitis or emphysema. The
tests also are performed before any major lung
surgery to make sure the person won't be
disabled by having a reduced lung capacity.
Purpose
Useful in monitoring the course of a patient w/ an
established respiratory disease & assessing the
response to therapy. Useful in screening test in potentially hazardous
places.
Prior to surgery, used to screen patients
scheduled for thoracic & upper abdominal
surgical procedures.
Obese & symptomatic patients
Evaluation of respiratory symptoms & disability
Spirometer
Normal Values
Normal values are based upon the age, height,
ethnicity, and sex of the person being tested.
Normal results are expressed as a percentage. A
value is usually considered abnormal if it is less
than 80% of the predicted value for that person.
What abnormal results mean?
Abnormal results usually mean that a degree of
chest or lung disease may be present.
Special considerations
Cooperation from the patient performing the test
is crucial in providing accurate results. A poor seal around the mouthpiece of the spirometer
can give poor results that do not permit
interpretation. Do not smoke before the test.
The Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
Division operates a full-service state-of-the-art
pulmonary function laboratory. There are 3
stations, including 2 body boxes and a station for
cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
Arterial blood gas sampling and exerciseoximetry testing for home oxygen evaluations are
also available. PFTs are performed on both
inpatients and outpatients for diagnosis and
management of respiratory conditions, pre-
operative assessments, disability evaluations.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is performed to
evaluate patients with unexplained dyspnea, to
follow the course of a respiratory disorder and
the response to treatment and for evaluation prior
to enrollment in our Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Program. Respiratory management training is also
available, including: meter-dosed inhaler
technique, the proper use of spacers, peak flow
monitoring, and airway clearance modalities
(such as PEP therapy, flutter valve and postural
drainage). In addition to our full-service
laboratory on the main campus, limited
pulmonary function testing and respiratory
management training are available at our satellite
locations, as well.
Pulmonary function tests
1. Forced vital capacity (FVC) Performed w/
maximally forced expiratory effort
Remarks: Often reduced in COPD because
of air trapping
2. Forced expiratory volume (FEV) Volume of
air exhaled in a specified time during the
performance of forced vital capacity; FEV is
volume exhaled in 1 sec. Remarks: Valuable
clue to the severity of the expiratory airwayobstruction
3. Ratio of timed force expiratory volume to
forced vital capacity (FEVt/FVC% usually
FEV1 /FVC% ) FEV expressed as
percentage for the forced vital capacity
remarks: Another way of expressing the
presence or absence of airway obstruction
4.
Forced expiratory flow (FEF 200-1200 ) Forcedexpiratory flow bet. 200 & 1200 mL of FVC
remarks: Indicator of large airway
obstruction
5. Forced midexpiratory flow (FEF 25-75% )
Forced expiratory flow during middle half of
FVC remarks: Slowed in small airway
obstruction
6. Forced end expiratory flow (FEF 75-85% ) Forced expiratory flow during the terminal
portion of the FVC remarks: Slowed in
obstruction of smaller airways7. Maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV ) Vol.
Of air expired in specific period (12 sec)
during repetitive maximal effort remarks:
Important factor in exercise tolerance