assessment of the feasibility of including school-based ...final)_1.pdf · decentralized basic...

Decentralized Basic Education 1: Management and

Governance

Assessment of the Feasibility of

Including School-Based

Management Materials in the PPG

and PGSD Programs at UNILA

September 2011

This report is one of a series of special reports produced by Research Triangle

Institute (RTI), Implementing Partner for the USAID-funded Improved Quality of

Decentralized Basic Education (IQDBE) program in Indonesia

More Effective Decentralized Education Management and Governance (DBE1)

Assessment of the feasibility of including school-based

management materials in the PPG and PGSD programs at

UNILA

Contract 497-M-00-05-00029-00 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Prepared by RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road Post Office Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194

The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

Table of Contents Page

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 1

PREPARATION FOR THE PROFESSIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION (PPG) PROGRAM AT UNILA....... 2

NEEDS ANALYSIS AND PREPARATION FOR THE DBE1-UNILA COLLABORATION ............................ 3

TRAINING OF TRAINERS WORKSHOP 1: LEADERSHIP AND SCHOOL COMMITTEE

STRENGTHENING ............................................................................................................................................... 6

TRAINING OF TRAINERS WORKSHOP 2: PREPARING A SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (RKS/M)

AND ANNUAL PLAN (RKT) ............................................................................................................................... 8

PLANS FOR DISSEMINATION OF SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT AND FOR THE PPG PROGRAM

.............................................................................................................................................................................. 10

FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................ 12

APPENDIX 1 : PARTICIPANT LIST ................................................................................................................. 13

APPENDIX 2 : GLOSSARY OF TERMS ........................................................................................................... 14

Assessment of The Feasibility in the PPG and PGSD Program at UNILA 1

Introduction

This brief report describes the results, findings and recommendations of an

assessment of the feasibility of including school-based management materials

in the PPG (Pendidikan Profesi Guru) program at the University of Lampung

(UNILA) in South Sumatra1.

The national PPG program (Pendidikan Profesi Guru or Professional Teacher

Education) was planned by MONE as a structured educational program for

two groups, as follows:

1. In-service training for Education graduates (S-1), and

2. Pre-service training for S-1/D-IV graduates of non-Education faculties

who have an interest in becoming a teacher, to enable them to become

professional teachers, certified in accordance with national standards of

education.

The PPG program aims to increase the quality and professionalism of the

teaching force by improving both (i) pedagogy and (ii) subject knowledge of

both groups.

In 2010, UNILA was designated by MONE’s Directorate of Higher Education

(Dikti) as one of the universities to pilot the new PPG program. As described

below, within UNILA, the PGSD program has been designated as one of the

study programs for the in-service PPG program. PGSD (Pendidikan Guru

Sekolah Dasar or Elementary School Teacher Education) is the regular pre-

service teacher training program for elementary school teachers.

However, the PPG program has not yet commenced. MONE’s policy on the

PPG program is now unclear. Although the Ministry issued initial guidelines

(juknis) and conducted some training of trainers, internal policy discussions

continue and the program has not yet commenced in the field. The main

reason for this is MONE’s decision to not fund the PPG program as previously

intended. Instead, the program is to be funded by participants, either

personally or with sponsorship from districts or other agencies. As the cost of

joining the program is prohibitive for most individuals and has not been

budgeted for by districts, the PPG program has not yet commenced in

Lampung. To our knowledge, it has not commenced anywhere yet.

As a first step in exploring the possibility of integrating DBE1 school-based

management materials into the PPG program at UNILA, DBE1 has

commenced work with PGSD academic staff to prepare them as facilitators

1 DBE1 Workplan states: “A report describing findings, recommendations, and results of an assessment

of the feasibility of including school-based management materials in the PPG (Pendidikan Profesi

Guru) program at the University of Lampung (UNILA). “


and trainers using DBE1 materials. This has involved a series of workshops to

present best practices and train PGSD lecturers as school-based management

facilitators. The response of the university has been very positive as described

below. Depending on timing and developments within the university and its

planned PPG program we intend to further develop the approach, more

specifically within PPG in due course. However, if the PPG program does not

eventuate, the program will be completed as planned with the PGSD program.

Preparation for the Professional Teacher Education (PPG) Program at UNILA

Based on the Ministerial regulation, Permendiknas No.126/P/2010 concerning

the designation of Universities (LPTK) as service providers to conduct PPG

for practicing teachers, ten Education Faculty (FKIP) Study Programs at

UNILA were nominated to conduct the PPG program for practicing teachers

in 2010-2013, as follows:

1. Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD)

2. Chemistry

3. Physics

4. Mathematics

5. Geography

6. History

7. Economics

8. Physical Education & Health

9. Language, Indonesian and Regional Literature

10. English

Following up on the Kepmendiknas above, in 2010 FKIP UNILA began

preparation for the PPG program through workshops involving schools, City

and District Education Offices, Heads of Faculties, Programs and Study

Programs. These workshops resulted in a range of guidelines required for PPG

implementation, including curriculum, workshop guides, recruitment

guidelines, and assessment instruments for testing competency.

However, while the implementation of the PPG program was initially delayed

as the university waited on policy clarification and funding from MONE’s

Directorate for Higher Education (Dikti), it is now further delayed due to the

cost of the program which must be borne by the participants or by district

education offices sponsoring participants. Reportedly this will amount to some

Rp6 million per participant per semester. A meeting was planned for


September to discuss this issue with Heads of District Education Offices from

the five districts with which UNILA has an MOU. (See below for an account

of this meeting). At this stage the future of the program is uncertain.

Needs Analysis and Preparation for the DBE1-UNILA Collaboration

Following informal discussions in 2010, DBE1 met in January 2011 with

FKIP, UNILA, to discuss the possibility of cooperation between the two

organizations. Present at the discussion were the Dean and Assistant Deans

(academic, financial and human resources, and student affairs), and DBE1’s

COP and national Training Specialist.

With the aim of increasing the capacity of schools and district education

offices in the province of Lampung, FKIP UNILA expressed interest in the

DBE1 program for both school level (RKS/M, Leadership, School Committee,

and BOS Management) and district level (Asset Management, Personnel

Management, and so forth).

The university has received a grant from MONE’s Directorate for Higher

Education (Dikti) to enhance PGSD faculty research capabilities. The grant of

Rp 1.5 billion per year will last for three years making a total of Rp 4.5 billion.

In this context, UNILA indicated that it hoped DBE1 can help develop a

program to utilize these funds in a way that is effective in genuinely

improving the quality of lecturers, especially in the areas of research and

writing scientific papers. Our intention has been: (1) to link this research to the

implementation of school-based management programs in schools in this

region, (2) developing the capacity of UNILA as a service provider while at

the same time exploring the possibility of integrating DBE1’s school based

management materials into the PPG program.

Subsequent to this, DBE1 met in June with the Rector of UNILA, the Dean of

UNILA’s FKIP, and senior managers to discuss the program. Discussions

covered:

the working agreement (KAK),

an introduction to DBE1’s school-based management program,

analysis of the needs of the PGSD program in UNILA, and

an action plan for implementation.

It was agreed that DBE1 will work in collaboration with UNILA to develop

the capacity of this institution as a service provider to deliver DBE1’s school-

based management programs to schools and district education offices in the

province of Lampung.


The Rector welcomed the DBE1 team and indicated that he strongly supports

this cooperation. He further indicated that UNILA is ready to carry out

dissemination through cooperation with the districts and the province of

Lampung, the Provincial Education Department, and LPMP.

The program was subsequently promoted through local media, including

Lampung Post, Thursday, July 14 (see below).

Based on the discussion, the working agreement (KAK) was limited to the

DBE1 school-based management program on the grounds of time constraints.

The program of work with districts was also written into the KAK. The team

of service provider participants was selected to include five service provider

personnel, five PGSD lecturers and the Dean as coordinator. (See Appendix

1). UNILA have prepared a special room for these collaborative activities.

This space is for offices and personnel for the DBE1 UNILA Service Provider

program.

A schedule for the training of trainers (TOT) program was agreed and the

university confirmed its interest in integrating DBE1’s school-based

management materials into its PGSD curriculum – and, pending developments

with the PPG program, into PPG. The training subsequently commenced in

July.

Needs Analysis of PGSD Lecturers, FKIP UNILA

The needs of PGSD lecturers were analyzed in a workshop conducted on

June13-14 in Bandar Lampung. This analysis took place within the context of

the university’s P4KA program which focuses on improving the practitioner

knowledge of academic staff – as opposed to the purely theoretical and class-

based knowledge that already exists.

The ‘Introduction to Academic Capability Learning Process Program’

(Program Pengenalan Proses Pembelajaran Kemampuan Akademik, known

as P4KA), is integrated with practice in the field / best practices. The aim is to

enable students to directly experience the atmosphere of the school, interacting

with teachers, learners, and the school environments, so that ultimately these

students are ready to become teachers. Structurally students can understand

the stages of activities at the school from beginning to teach up to being able

to manage learning in the classroom. It is also expected that students will take

part in the P4KA coaching model using the manual for this program.

Based on the analysis, it was found that lecturers need interventions related:

1. Soft skills,

2. Mastery of IT-based learning,

3. The ability of researching (mastery of research methodology),

4. Laboratory school management.


Radar Lampung, 14th July 2011

Lampung Post, 14th July 2011


Training of Trainers Workshop 1: Leadership and School Committee Strengthening

Implementation

The activity was conducted at the Hotel Amalia Bandar Lampung on 12-14

July, 2011. Eleven prospective ‘Service Provider’ facilitators from UNILA

attended as planned. DBE1 workshop was facilitated by members of the

national team. The event was officially opened and closed by the Dean of

FKIP, UNILA.

Results

The involvement of participants in this training was enthusiastic as evidenced

by their prompt arrival and returning, and the fact that nobody left the room

during the event. The program ran in an orderly and smooth way as planned.

Participants took part actively in the activities as instructed by the facilitator,

for example in discussion, individual and group tasks and doing occasional

energizers led by a facilitator. In discussion it was evident that the participants

realized that the training was crucial for them to improve their understanding

and skills as a facilitator both for the leadership and school committee

training, and to increase practical skills that had not previously been obtained.

The participants also realized that the knowledge and skills gained in this

training were very useful and required by supervisors and principals. As a

result they realized the necessity to take part seriously in the training so that

later they can in turn facilitate training effectively. The participants were

clearly hoping to become effective facilitators who can add value by

improving the quality of education in schools and madrasah.

Follow-Up

The UNILA ‘service provider team’ established four working groups

(kelompok kerja), each group consisting of two or three prospective

facilitators, to undertake the task of the School Committee Condition Survey

using the self-review format in August-November 2011 as follows:

Group 1: Metro City,

Group 2: East Lampung District,

Group 3: Way Kanan District, and

Group 4: Bandar Lampung.

At the end of July 2011 the team planned to investigate, in cooperation with

the Regional Government of Metro City, plans for upgrading school

management. During the months of August to November 2011, the team also

plans to conduct a survey on the understanding of laws and regulations for

education in the City of Bandar Lampung.


The team will also work on the integration of DBE1training materials into the

curriculum for Masters level (S2) Education Management courses at FKIP

UNILA so that later the university can produce facilitators from students in the

S2 program on Education Management at UNILA. Looking to the future, it is

hoped that the Education Management Program can also provide a certificates

to students, certifying them as a facilitator for school-based management

(MBS) training.

The second TOT in the series II (School Development Planning: RKS/M) was

subsequently conducted as described below.


Training of Trainers Workshop 2: Preparing a School Development Plan (RKS/M) and Annual Plan (RKT)

Implementation

The second round of training took place again at the Hotel Amalia Bandar

Lampung on 23 - 26 August, 2011. The eleven prospective ‘service provider

facilitators’ from PGSD, UNILA, attended fully as planned. DBE1 Facilitators

included two members of the national team and one district facilitator. The

training event was officially opened and closed by the Dean of FKIP, UNILA,

who attended the event fully.

Results

The participants again took part enthusiastically in this training. This was

evidenced by the presence of participants for full days. The TOT ran in an

orderly and smooth way as hoped.

The interaction of participants with facilitators was excellent. For example the

questions asked by the participants were very relevant to the material, making

the discussion very positive. Participants also completed tasks as described by

the facilitator, for example working on group activities. Participants were

clearly aware that the TOT preparation on school planning and budgeting was

important for them to improve their understanding and skills as a potential

facilitator, specifically the material concerning the self-evaluation of school /

madrasah (EDS / M), preparation of plans of the school / madrasah (RKS /

M) and annual work plans (RKA). Participants indicated that while they did

not previously understand this material, as a result of the training they

understood it well.

The participants also indicated that they realized that the knowledge and skills

gained in this training will be very useful and are needed by supervisors and

principals. Thus it is necessary for the participants to take the training

seriously so that later they can effectively take on the role as facilitator.

Follow-Up

The UNILA SP team will conduct training of trainers (TOT) for prospective

facilitators in five districts:

1. City of Bandar Lampung,

2. Metro City,

3. East Lampung District,

4. Way Kanang,

5. South Lampung.


Five pengawas will be invited to participate from each district, making a total

of 20 participants. Conducting the TOT will enable the participants to meet

one of the requirements to obtain a certificate from DBE1. This TOT will be

held on 19 - 22 September 2011 held at Wisma UNILA. DBE1 has agreed to

assist with the preparation and execution of this activity.

Prior to the activity, UNILA will also hold a meeting with the Head of the

District Office of Education in the five districts. It is hoped that DBE1 can

attend and provide comprehensive information on DBE1 programs both at

district and school level (MBS). These activities will be held at Wisma

UNILA.

The TOT Series III (School / Madrasah Financial Management) will be

conducted in the third week of September 2011 (TOR and RAB are still being

prepared).


Plans for Dissemination of School-Based Management and for the PPG Program

In September 2011, DBE1 met with UNILA to plan in detail for the follow up

to the workshops described above.

Preparation of a training plan

Discussions on a training plan or ‘Terms of Reference’ (TOR) and schedule of

activities for dissemination of DBE1 school-based management programs took

place on September 8, 2011 in the Office of the Dean FKIP UNILA. The

meeting was attended by all eleven members of UNILA’s service provider

team. The agenda included:

1. Plans for the program to socialize school-based management

methodologies to 20 supervisors from the five partner districts / cities in

the province of Lampung,

2. Follow-up to this socialization, and

3. Plans for the PPG program

As a result of the meeting, Terms of Reference and a schedule for

dissemination activities were agreed on. It was further agreed to discuss

planned activities to follow-up the socialization program in the five districts /

cities with the Department of Education district / city. A detailed discussion

was conducted the following morning at a meeting with the head of the

District Education Offices in Lampung province (see below).

Plans for the dissemination of school-based management programs

A meeting was held on September 9, 2011 at FKIP UNILA, and was attended

by eleven of the fourteen District Education Offices in Lampung province:

Bandar Lampung, Metro City, Way Kanan, Pringsewu, Pesawaran,

Tenggamus, Tulang Bawang, West Lampung, East Lampung, Central

Lampung, South Lampung, North Lampung, West Tulang Bawang, Mesuji.

All five partner District Education offices agreed to the planned follow-up

dissemination activities for the school-based management program in each

district. Specifically, each district will fund five days training for one school

cluster. The facilitator costs will be funded by DBE1.

In a parallel development, in Way Kanan District, training for three model

schools will also be conducted by the NGO, International Corruption Watch

(ICW), on Corruption-Free Schools (Sekolah Harapan Sekolah Bebas

Korupsi).

A detailed schedule will be discussed on September 18, 2011. As a follow up

to the discussion, the Heads of District Education Offices of the five districts

will be invited by the Mayor of Banda Lampung to attend the opening of this

training on 18 September 2011.


Plans for the follow-up dissemination of the PPG Program

The UNILA PPG program has not yet been implemented because of the

constraints described earlier in this report. The costs required to complete the

in-service PPG for one year is Rp 12 million, while the cost of the pre-service

PPG PGSD study program is Rp 6 million / semester.

According to the Dean, in a meeting with Director General of Higher

Education (Dikti), UNILA, along with other teacher training universities

(LPTK) throughout Indonesia, rejected plans for the in-service PPG program

if the cost is to be charged to the participants (teachers). As a result, in July

2011, MONE revised the regulation, Kemendiknas No.126/2010, by issuing

Kepmendiknas Number 052, 2011, specifically concerning the cost of tuition.

The Directorate General of Higher Education (Dikti) is currently seeking

scholarship for the PPG program through the state budget for 2011. FKIP

UNILA has agreed on the following policy:

1. The in-service PPG program will be promoted by the Education Office of

each district to interested teachers. However, participants will not be

enticed by the promise of a scholarship due to the concern that this may

not eventuate. The PPG socialization program will commence on 12

September and will run until the end of September 2011.

2. Registration on-line will be activated on September 12 and will continue

up until October 8, 2011.

3. Participant selection will be conducted by the District Education Offices,

while the academic selection will be conducted by FKIP UNILA.

4. For participants who require it, residential care for two semesters will be

provided by UNILA.

5. Admission is open to districts / cities which are able to meet the

requirements already mentioned.

6. FKIP UNILA has a quota of ten courses, with each course receiving a

quota of 30 participants, except for the PGSD study program which has 60

participants, making a total quota in 2011 of 330 persons.

7. Each study program will be conducted if at least 20 participants enroll.

Follow-Up

The UNILA Service Provider team will conduct a socialization activity for the

school-based management program with 20 supervisors from the five districts

/ cities in Wisma UNILA on 18 to 20 September 2011. The Head of the

Education Office will be invited from each of the five Districts / Cities to

discuss in detail the follow-up activities for the socialization, specifically a

training program for each district’s School-Based Management Development

Team in one cluster (gugus) as a forum for the training of prospective

facilitators by the UNILA Service Provider team.


Findings and Recommendations

The future of MONE’s Professional Teacher Education (PPG) program is

currently unclear. Given the apparent decision of the national Ministry to not

fund the program, it will either not proceed or will proceed at a lower level

than originally anticipated. While demand may be there amongst teachers and

prospective teachers with non-Education degrees, it is unlikely in the current

context that individuals will be prepared to self-fund their participation in the

program. At the same time, it is also unclear as to whether districts or other

agencies such as non-government school networks will be prepared to fund the

program. UNILA are holding ongoing discussions with districts in Lampung

to determine the level of demand for the program in that province.

Meanwhile, DBE1 has proceeded to develop a very successful program with

UNILA’s education faculty (FKIP) and specifically with the Elementary

School Teacher Program (PGSD) to develop their capacity as a service

provider for school based management programs. The high level of interest

and commitment to this program from the institution has been evident in the

attendance of the Dean of FKIP throughout.

It is recommended that DBE1 continue to monitor developments with the PPG

program, both at UNILA and nationally, during the remaining months of the

project. The collaboration with UNILA should continue as far as possible

given the limited time remaining to enable DBE1 to support the PGSD team in

becoming an effective service provider for school-based management

programs to districts in Lampung. At the same time the PGSD should be

encouraged to use DBE1 school-based management materials in an integrated

way as material for their PGSD curriculum and as a basis for action research.


Appendix 1 : Participant List

DAFTAR NAMA PESERTA DBE1 FKIP UNILA

NO NAMA NIP

1 Dr. H. Bujang Rahman, M.Si. 19600315 198503 1 003

2 Dr. Mulyanto Widodo, M.Pd. 19620203 198811 1 001

3 Dr. M. Thoha B. Sampurna Jaya, M.S. 19520831 198103 1 001

4 Dr. Sumadi, M.S. 19530717 198003 1 005

5 Dr. Alben Ambarita, M.Pd. 19570711 198503 1 004

6 Dr. Irawan Suntoro, M.S. 19560323 198403 1 003

7 Dr. Riswandi, M.Pd. 19760808 200912 1 001

8 Dr. Darsono, M.Pd. 19541016 198003 1 003

9 Dr. Suwarjo, M.Pd. 19551222 197903 1 003

10 Dr. Abdurrahman, M.Si. 19681210 199303 1 002

11 Budi Kadaryanto, S.Pd., M.A. 19810326 200501 1 003


Appendix 2 : Glossary of Terms

APBD Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah Annual District Budget

BaKTI Bursa Pengetahuan Kawasan Timur

Indonesia

Eastern Indonesia Knowledge Exchange

Balitbang Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Research and Development Center

Bappeda Badan Perencanaan & Pengembangan

Daerah

Regional Planning and Development

Board

BOS Bantuan Operasional Sekolah School block grant (from National

Education Ministry)

BP - British Petroleum

CLCC - Creating Learning Communities for

Children project

CLGI Center for Local Government Innovation

DBE - Decentralized Basic Education project

DBE1 - Decentralized Basic Education - 1



DDI Darud Da’wah Wal-Irsyad Islamic Organization which coordinates

private Islamic schooling in South

Sulawesi

Depag Departemen Agama Religious Affairs Department

Dewan Pendidikan Education Board (provincial)

Diklat Pendidikan & Pelatihan Training and Education Center

Dikti Direcktorat Pendidikan Tinggi Higher Education Directorate

Dinas Pendidikan Education Office

DPRD Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Regional Representative Parliament

Gramedia An Indonesian publisher and book vendor

FKIP Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Education Faculty

GOI Government of Indonesia

ICT - Information & Communication Technology

LGSP - Local Government Support Project

LPMP Lembaga Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Educational Quality Assurance Institution

madrasah Islamic school


M&E - Monitoring & Evaluation

MBE - Managing Basic Education project

MDC - Madrasah Development Centers

MOU - Memorandum of Understanding

Muhammadiyah Mass Islamic Organization

NFE - Non-formal education

NTT PEP - Nusa Tenggara Timur Primary Education

Partnership

NU Nahdlatul Ulama Mass Islamic Organization

P4KA Program Pengenalan Proses

Pembelajaran Kemampuan Akademik

Introduction to Academic Capability

Learning Process Program

P4TK Pusat Pengembangan & Pemberdayaan

Pendidik & Tenaga Kependidikan

Center for Teacher and Educational

Personnel Development & Empowerment

pendampingan mentoring

PPA - Public-Private Alliance

PSBG Pusat Sumber Belajar Gugus Cluster Learning Resource Center

PGSD Program Guru Sekolah Dasar Elementary School Teacher Program

PPG Pendidikan Profesional Guru Professional Teacher Education

Renstra SKPD Strategic Plan for Government District

Operational Unit

Rencana Pengembangan Kapasitas Capacity Development Plan

RPS Rencana Pengembangan Sekolah School Development Plan

RTI - Research Triangle Institute

Sekolah unggulan School of excellence (lighthouse or model

school)

UNILA Universitas Nasional Lampung National University of Lampung

USAID - United States Agency for International

Development

yayasan Non-profit foundation

YIPD Yayasan Inovasi Pemerintahan Daerah Foundation for Innovation in Local

Government

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