Name:

Unit 2 Outline —Chemistry

Chapter 5: Acids & Bases

DAY OUTLINE KEY TERMS

1 5.1 Notes (slides #1-4) (p. 119-120)Assignment: Read p.220-227

Acid/Base Data Booklet w.s. (p. 121)Do Key Terms (p. 117-118)

2 5.1 Notes (slides 5-8) (p. 119-120) 1. AcidsAssignment: Readp.228-233 2. Bases

Do Names & Formulae of Acids & Bases w.s. 3. Indicators

(p. 122) 4. pHRead Acid/Base Lab in preparation fortomorrow

3 Acid/Base Lab

4 5.2 Notes (p. 123) 5. saltsAssignment: Readp.234-243 6. non-metal oxides

Recognizing Acids, Bases and Salts w.s. (p. 124) 7. metal oxidesMetal oxides and Non-metal oxides w.s. (p. 125)

5 5.1 Quiz 8. organic5.3 Notes (p. 126) compoundsAssignment: Readp.244-251 9. inorganicp.25l#1-5,7,8,1O,ll (p. 127 in pckg) compounds

10. hydrocarbons11. alcohols

6 5.3 QuizAssignment: Ch.5 Review p.252-253#l,2,5,6,9,l 1-13,

15-18,19(a,c,e),20(a,c,e),21-23 (p.128-139 in pckg)

5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 Assessment w.s. (p. 130-131)7 Ch.5 Test

Ch.5 Pkg Due

Chapter 5: Acids & Bases - Key Terms

Key Term Definition Example/Graphic

1. Acid

2. Base

3. Indicators

4. pH

5.Salts

6. Non-metal oxides

7. Metal oxides

8. Organic compounds

9. Inorganic compounds

10. Hydrocarbons

11. Alcohols

5.1 Acids and Bases

•

____________

and

_____________

are very common.

• Acids and bases can be very

____________________

and

_________________________________________

try to identify an acid or base by taste or touch!

pH Scale

• The

__________________

of acids and bases is measured on the pH scale

pH below 7 =

_____________

pH 7 =

______________

pH above 7 =

______________

0123456 7 891011121314

Acids Neutral Bases

— Each decrease of 1 on the pH scale indicates

_______________

more acidic

• Eg. pH 4 is 10 X more acidic than pH 5 & pH 3 is 1000X more acidic than pH6

pH Indicators

• The pH of acids and bases

___________________

be determined by sight.

— Instead, pH is measured by other chemicals called

_______________________

— or by a

______________________

that measures the electrical conductivity of the

solution using electrical probes to measure how solutions conduct electricity.

• pH indicators change

___________________

based on the solution they are placed in.

—

____________________________

is the most common indictor.

- 2 colours of litmus paper: Blue = (>7) & Red = (<7).

Acids

• If you know a compound’s , you may be able to identify it as an acid.

— Acids often behave like acids only when dissolved in

__________________

— Therefore, acids are often written with subscript (aq) = = water

• The chemical formula of an acid usually starts with

_______________________________

— Acids with a carbon usually have the C written first.

• HCI = hydrochloric acid, HNO = nitric acid, CH COOH = acetic acid(aq) 3(aq) 3 (aq)

A ...J,

— Hydrogen+...-ide=Hydro...icacid

• HF = hydrogen fluoride = hydrofluoric acid(aq)

— Hydrogen + .. .-ate = . . .ic acid

• H CO = hydrogen carbonate = carbonic acid2 3(aq)

— Hydrogen + .. .-ite = .. .ous acid

• H SO = hydrogen sulphite = sulphurous acid2 3(aq)

Bases

• If you know a compound’s chemical formula, you may be able to identify it as a

______

— Bases, like acids, often behave like bases only when dissolved in

_____________

— Therefore, bases are often written with subscript (aq) = aqueous = water

• The chemical formula of a base usually ends with

________________________________

• Examples of common bases: NaOH , Mg(OH) , Ca(OH) , NH OH(aq) 2(aq) 2(aq) 4 (aq)

Production of Ions

• Acids and bases can conduct electricity because they release

____________

in solution.

+

— Acids release

______________________

ions, H(aq)

— Bases release

______________________ions

OH(aq)

• The pH of a solution refers to the

________________________

of ions it has.

+

— Square brackets are used to signify concentration, [H 1. [OH(aq) (aq)

+

• High[H 1= veryacidic(aq)

• High [OH I = , very basic(oq)

+

— A solution

________________

have BOTH high [H I and [OH }; they cancel(aq) (aq)

each other out and form water. This process is called

_______________________

+

LI .L fiLl LI (1

Name:__________________________________ Block:_______

Science 10 5.1 Acid/Base Data Booklet Worksheet

Date:_________

Assignment

Use your data book to answer the following questions.

1. For each of the following, write the corresponding pH values:

a)acid:

_________________________________________

b) base:

_________________________________________

c) neutral:

________________________________________

2. What color is litmus paper in an acidic solution?

__________________

3. What color is bromothymol blue at the following pH levels?

a) pH5:

____________

b) pH7:

____________

c) pH9:

_____________

4. Solution A has a pH of 3. Solution B has a pH of 6.

a) Which solution is more acidic?

___________________

b) How many times more acidic is it?

__________________

5. Complete the following chart:

Indicator Color at pill

Red litmus paper

Blue litmus paper

Color at pH 7 Color at pH 10

6. If methyl red is ORANGE what is the pH range of your solution?

_______________

7. If bromthymol blue is YELLOW and methyl orange is YELLOW what range is you pH

solution?

__________________

8. What color will phenolphthalein be if placed in a bleach solution?

__________________

9. Write the pH value you would expect for each of the following items:

a) milk

___________

d) grapes

___________

b) lemons

___________

e) water

___________

c) soap

__________

f) baking soda

__________

Name:________________________________ Block:_______ Date:_____

Science 10 5.1 Names & Formulae of Acids & Bases

1. a) How can you recognize an acid by its chemical formula?

b) Which acid is an exception to this rule?

2. Complete the following table of acids. The first row has been completed as an example.

Name of Substance Chemical Formula Name of Acid

a) hydrogen suiphide H2S hydrosulphuric acid

b) H2C03

c) phosphoric acid

d) hydrogen chlorate

e) suiphurous acid

f) CH3COOH

g) hydrogen iodide

3. How can you recognize a base by its chemical formula?

4. Complete the following table of acids and bases. Indicate whether each compound is an acid or a base.

Name of Substance Chemical Formula Acid or Base?

a) hydrochloric acid HC1 Acid

b) NaOH

c) hydrogen nitrate

d) magnesium hydroxide

e) chiorous acid

f) NH4OH

9QN.s

Name Date Comprehension

Use with textbook pages 234-239.

Recognizing acids, bases, and salts1. State whether each of the following is an acid, a base, or a salt.

(a) HI (I) A12(S04)3

(b) HBr (m) CH3COOH

(c) KOH (n) Mg(CH3COO)2

(d) HNO3 (o) calcium nitrate

____________________

(e) NaOH (p) sodium chloride

___________________

(f) H2S04 (q) hydrocyanic acid

___________________

(g) H2C03 (r) hydrogen fluoride

___________________

(h) H3P04 (s) barium hydroxide

(i) Na3PO4 (t) hypochlorous acid

___________________

(j) Sr(OH)2 (u) aluminum hydroxide

(k) Ca(OH)2 (v) magnesium carbonate

___________________

2. What acid is present in vinegar?

3. What is the chemical name for table salt?

_________________________

4. What acid is used in automobile batteries?

_________________________

5. What base is found in drain and oven cleaners?

_________________________

6. What base is the active ingredient in some antacids?

_________________________

7. What acid is produced in the stomach to help digest food?

______________________

9flfl FA rw_WIi T ,I+.. Qj

Use with textbook pages 237.

Metal oxides and nonmetal oxides1. What element reacts with a metal or a non-metal to form an oxide?

2. What is a chemical compound that contains a metal chemically combined withoxygen?

3. What is a chemical compound that contains a non-metal chemically combined withoxygen?

4. What happens to a solution when a metal oxide dissolves in water?

5. What happens to a solution when a non-metal oxide dissolves in water?

6. What is formed when a metal oxide reacts with water?

__________________________

7. What is formed when a non-metal oxide reacts with water?

8. Classify each of the following as a metal oxide or a non-metal oxide.

(a) Na20 (e) SO2

(b) B203 (f) BeO

__________________

(c) NO2 (g) ClO

___________________

(d) CaO (h) Li20

9. Indicate whether an acid or a base wilt be produced.

(a)MgO + H20—*

(b) SO3 + H20 -

________________

(c)CaO +

____________

(d) CO2 + H20

AnalyzingInformation

1 ‘)rHQ A,L-HI I 1;,, I+ • A1-iD Q

iii

IVI.

Vj I

t

1)2,5,.,9,.iH3,(5-t)

ithte

xtbo

okpa

ges

220—

229.

ids

and

bas

esM

atch

the

Term

onth

ele

ftw

ithth

ebe

stsc

ript

oron

the

right

.Eac

hD

escr

ipto

rm

aybe

used

only

once

.

A.a

solu

tion

with

ap1-

iof

7B.

can

burn

skin

orey

eson

cont

act

C.nu

mbe

rof

hydr

ogen

ions

ina

spec

ific

volu

me

ofso

lutio

n0.

ach

emic

alco

mpo

und

that

prod

uces

aso

lutio

nwi

tha

pHle

ssth

an7

E.a

num

bers

cale

for

mea

surin

gho

wac

idic

orba

sica

solu

tion

isF.

ach

emic

alco

mpo

und

that

prod

uces

aso

lutio

nw

itha

pHgr

eate

rtha

n7

6.a

chem

ical

that

chan

ges

colo

urde

pend

ing

onth

epH

ofth

eso

lutio

nit

is

___

_____________

plac

ed_i

n

Vhi

chof

the

foll

owin

gde

scri

bes

acid

s?

I.ha

sa

pHof

less

than

7

IT.ca

nco

nduc

tele

ctric

ity

Use

with

text

book

page

s23

4—23

9.

Sal

tsM

atch

the

Term

onth

ele

ftw

ithth

ebe

stC

hem

ical

Form

ula

onth

erig

ht.E

ach

Che

mic

alFo

rmul

am

aybe

used

only

once

.

.

1.w

ater

A.2.

asa

ltB.

NO2

3.a

base

C.M

gCI

4.an

acid

0.N

a20

5.a

met

alox

ide

E.i-i

2CO3

6.a

non-

met

alF.

NH

4OH

oxid

e

7.W

hich

ofth

efo

llow

ing

met

als

ism

ost

reac

tive

?

A.

copp

er

B.

sodi

um

C.fr

anci

um

D.

mag

nesi

um

8.W

hen

non-

met

alox

ides

diss

olve

inw

ater

,th

eso

luti

onbe

com

es

A.b

asic

B.

acid

ic

C.

neut

ral

9.C

arbo

ndi

oxid

efo

rms

whi

chof

the

foll

owin

gin

wat

er?

A.

CO

B.C

O3

C.H

C0

D.H

2C0

3

10.

Wha

tco

effi

cien

tis

need

edfo

rso

dium

hydr

oxid

ein

orde

rto

bala

nce

the

foll

owin

geq

uati

on?

H2S0

4÷

NaO

H-+

Na

2SO4

+H20

A.l

0.3

t.H2C

03

Isan

acid

.

ii.Ba

CO3

isa

base

.

ill.Th

epr

educ

tsof

this

reac

tion

are

asa

ltan

dw

ater

.

A.I

and

IIon

ly

B.I

and

ifi

only

C.II

and

ifi

only

D.I,

U,

and

III

B.2

0.4

Dat

eA

sses

smen

tN

ame

Dat

e

cid

__ba

sene

utra

l_pH

scal

e....

.......c

orro

sive

........

....pH

Indi

cato

r_c

once

ntra

tion

ofid

roge

n

9.W

hath

appe

nsto

the

num

ber

ofH

*af

ter

H2S0

4is

adde

dto

wat

er?

A.it

incr

ease

s

B.it

decr

ease

s

C.it

stay

sth

esa

me

10.

Whi

chof

the

foll

owin

gis

aba

se?

A.K

C1

C.L

iOH

B.H

Br

0.B

NO

3

11.W

hat

isth

ena

me

for

HC

1O

3?

A.ch

lori

cac

id

B.ch

loro

usac

id

C.pe

rchi

oric

acid

D.hy

poch

ioro

usac

id

12.W

hati

sth

ech

emic

alfo

rmul

afo

rsu

lphu

rous

acid

?

A.H

SC.

H,S

03

B.H

SO

0.H2S

O

13.W

hat

isth

epH

ofa

subs

tanc

eth

atca

uses

met

hyl

oran

geto

turn

yell

owan

dm

ethy

lre

dto

turn

red?

A.3

C.6

.5

B.4

.50.8

14.

Whi

chof

the

foll

owin

gw

ould

occu

rif

eggs

wer

ete

sted

wit

hva

riou

spH

indi

cato

rs?

Ass

essm

ent

11.

Hyd

roch

lori

cac

idca

nbe

used

tone

utra

lize

pota

ssiu

mhy

drox

ide.

Wha

tis

the

form

ula

for

the

salt

prod

uced

byth

isne

utra

lizat

ion?

A.H

p

B.K

CI

C.K

C1O

2

0.K

C1O

3

12.

Whi

chre

acta

nts

form

the

salt

FeP

O4

ina

neut

rali

zati

onre

actio

n?

A.P

04

andF

e203

B.H3P

and

Fe(

OH

)3

C.11

20an

dF

e(O

H)

3

0.H3P

04

and

Fe(

OH

)3

Use

the

foll

ow

ing

acid

-bas

eneu

tral

izat

ion

reac

tion

toan

swer

ques

tion

13.

H2C0

3+

Ba(

OH

)2

-*B

aC

O3

+2H20

13.W

hich

ofth

efo

llow

ing

stat

emen

tsis

true

?

IN.pr

oduc

ehy

drox

ide

ions

whe

ndi

ssol

ved

inso

lutio

n

I.in

digo

cam

line

turn

sbl

ue

N.ph

enoi

phth

alei

ntu

rns

pink

Ni.br

omot

hym

oibl

uetu

rns

blue

I.la

nd

IIon

ly

I.I

and

III

only

.II

and

III

only

).I,

U,

and

III

A.la

nd

IIon

ly

B.I

and

]flo

nly

C.U

and

ifi

only

D.1,

11,

and

ifi

MH

R•

Sec

tion

5.1

Aci

ds

and

Base

s@

2508

McG

raw

-Hill

Rye

rson

Lim

ited

94M

HR

•Sec

tion

5.2

Sal

ts20

08M

cGra

w-H

illR

yers

onU

mile

d

Name DateAssessment

Use with textbook pages 244-248.

Organic compounds

Using the compound ethane, match the Descriptoron the left with the best Formula I Model thatrepresents ethane on the right. Each Formula I

Model may be used only once.

1.

______

structuralformula

2.

______

molecularformula

3, space-fillingmodel

4.

______

ball-and-stickmodel

7. Which of the following represents analcohol?

A. HH

H” “H

B. H HI I

H—c—c—HI IH CI

C. H H HI I

H—c—c—c—HI I I

Br Br H

0. 1j 1jH—c—c—c—c—OH

I IH H H H

8. Which of the following represents methane,CH4?

I. a

Ill.Iii

H—c—O--—H

A. C2H6

B. H HI I

H—c—c—HI I

I-I I-I

C.

5. What element must always be present in anorganic compound?

A. carbon

B. oxygen

C. chlorine

0. hydrogen

6. Which formula represents a hydrocarbon?

A. HC1O3

B. CH3COOH

C. CH3CH2CH2COOH

D.CH3CH2CH2CI{2CH3

A. I and II only

B. I and ifi only

C. II and III only

0.1, II, and ifi

l )flfl r.,,,,_I-1)I I rr.i+.,1 Ifli