assignment slides on mgt404
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Welcome to Group-A
Presentation Programme
Group Members…
1. 08-7201
2. 08-72023. 08-7203
4. 08-7208
5. 08-7209
6. 08-72117. 08-7214
8. 08-7216
9. 08-7222
10. 08-7224
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World Trade Organization (WTO)
What is WTO?
Mottos?
Functions?
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What is WTO?
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an
organization that intends to supervise and
liberalize international trade. The organizationofficially commenced on January 1, 1995 under
the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),
which commenced in 1948.
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File Facts of WTO
Items Items
Location : Geneva, Switzerland
Established : 1 January 1995
Created by
:
Uruguay Round negotiations(1986-94)Membership : 153 countries on 23 July 2008
Budget : 196 million Swiss francs for 2011
Secretariat staff : 640
Head : Pascal Lamy (Director-General)
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Functions of WTO
• Administering WTO trade agreements
• Forum for trade negotiations
• Handling trade disputes
• Monitoring national trade policies
• Technical assistance and training for
developing countries
• Cooperation with other internationalorganizations
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
What is IMF?
Mottos?
Functions?
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
The IMF, also known as the “Fund,” was conceived at a United
Nations conference convened in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire,
United States, in July 1944. The 44 governments represented at that
conference.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) works to foster international
monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate
international trade, promote high employment and sustainable
economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world. Created in
1945, the IMF is governed by and accountable to the 187 countries
that make up its near-global membership.
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File Facts of IMFItems Items
Entered into force : December 27, 1945 (66 years ago)
Type : International Economic Organization
Headquarters : Washington, D.C. United States
Membership : 185 Nations (Founding); 187 Nations (To Date)
Official languages : English, French, and Spanish
Managing Director : Christine Lagarde,
Main organ : Board of Governors
Website : http://www.imf.org
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Aims/Functions of IMF
Original Aims of IMF
Article-I of the Articles of Agreement sets out the IMF’s main goals:-
1. promoting international monetary cooperation;2. facilitating the expansion and balanced growth of internationaltrade;3. promoting exchange stability;4. assisting in the establishment of a multilateral system of
payments; and5. making resources available (with adequate safeguards) tomembers experiencing balance of payments difficulties
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UNCTAD
What is UNCTAD?
Mottos?
Functions?
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UNCTAD
The United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was
established in 1964 as a permanentintergovernmental body. It is the
principal organ of the United Nations
General Assembly dealing with trade,
investment, and development issues.
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File Facts of UNCTAD
1. Currently, UNCTAD has 193 member States
2. Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
3. Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi, from1 September 2005 to
present (Thailand)4. UNCTAD has 400 staff members
5. An annual regular budget of approximately US$50
million and US$25 million of extra budgetary technical
assistance funds.
6. It is also a member of the United Nations Development
Group.
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Meetings of UNCTAD
UNCTAD XIII will be held in Doha, Qatar in 2012
UNCTAD XII was held in Accra, Ghana in 21 –25 April 2008
UNCTAD XI was held in São Paulo, Brazil in 13 –18 June 2004
UNCTAD X was held in Bangkok, Thailand in 12 –19 February2000
UNCTAD IX was held in Midrand, South Africa in 27 April – 11
May 1996
UNCTAD VIII was held in Cartagena, Colombia in 8 –25February 1992
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Reports published by UNCTAD
Reports
UNCTAD produces a number of topical reports, including:
The Trade and Development Report
The Trade and Environment ReviewThe World Investment Report
The Economic Development in Africa Report
The Least Developed Countries Report
UNCTAD StatisticsThe Information Economy Report
The Review of Maritime Transport
The International Accounting and Reporting Issues Annual Review
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Unilever
What is Unilever?
File Facts
Other different aspects…
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Unilever
Unilever is a British –Dutch multinational fast-moving consumer goods company. Itsproducts include foods, beverages, cleaningagents and personal care products. It is theworld's third-largest consumer goods
company measured by revenues (afterProcter & Gamble and Nestlé) and theworld's largest maker of ice cream.
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File Facts of UnileverName : Unilever PLC
Type
:
Public limited company Traded as : Fast moving consumer goods
Founded : 1930
Headquarters : Unilever House
London, United Kingdom
Rotterdam, The Netherlands Area served : Worldwide
Key people : Michael Treschow (Chairman)
Paul Polman (CEO)
Revenue : €44.262 billion (2010)
Operating income : €6.339 billion (2010)
Net income : €4.598 billion (2010)
Employees : 163,000 (2010)
Website : http://unilever.com
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Unilever
Products Unilever owns more than 400 brands, although its 25 largest brandsaccount for over 70% of total sales.
Unilever's current brands include: Aviance Axe/Lynx Ben & Jerry's Blue Band Dove Flora/Becel Heartbrand Hellmann‘s Knorr Lipton Lux / Radox Omo/Surf Rexona/Sure Wish-Bone Sunsilk Toni & Guy TRESemmé VO5
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Walmart
What is Walmart?
File Facts
Other different aspects…
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What it is?
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., branded as Walmart since2008 and Wal-Mart before then, is an Americanpublic multinational corporation that runs chains of
large discount department stores and warehousestores. The company is the world's 18th largestpublic corporation, according to the Forbes Global2000 list, and the largest public corporation when
ranked by revenue. It is also the biggest privateemployer in the world with over 2 millionemployees, and is the largest retailer in the world.
Fil F
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File FactsWal-Mart Stores, Inc.
Type Public Traded as NYSE: WMT
Dow Jones Industrial Average Component Industry Retailing Founded 1962 (1962) Founder(s) Sam Walton
Headquarters
Bentonville, Arkansas, United States
36°21′51″N 094
°12′59″W / 36.36417
°N 94.21639
°W / 36.36417; -94.21639
Number of locations 8,970 (2011) Area served Worldwide
Key people
S. Robson Walton (Chairman)Mike Duke
(President and CEO) Revenue US$ 421.849 billion (2011) Divisions Walmart Canada
Subsidiaries
Walmex Asda Sam's Club Seiyu Group
Website walmart stores.com walmart.com
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Walmart Stores in the USA: A real figure
Map of Wal-Mart stores in the U.S., as of August 2010
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GM
What is GM?
File Facts
Other different aspects of GM…
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What it is?
General Motors Company, commonly known as GM, formerly incorporated
(until 2009) as General MotorsCorporation, is an Americanmultinational automotive corporation
headquartered in Detroit, Michigan andthe world's largest automaker, by sales,in 2011.
Fil F t
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File Facts
Type Public
Industry Automotive
Predecessor(s) General Motors Corporation
(1908-2009)
Founded September 16, 1908
Founder(s) Leroy Dundy
Headquarters Renaissance Center; Detroit, Michigan; USA
Area served Worldwide
Key people Leroy Dundy, Chairman and CEO
Products Automobiles
Financial Services
Revenue US$ 135.592 billion (2010)
Divisions Chevrolet ; Buick ; Cadillac; GMC
Subsidiaries
ACDelco; GM Components Holdings LLC;
Harrison Radiator; Delco electronics Kokomo
Ind.; OnStar; Adam Opel AG
Website www.gm.com
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World Rank of GM
Top 3 Automakers Global, 2010
Group Units Share
Toyota 8,557,351 11.0%
G.M. 8,476,192 10.9%
Volkswagen 7,341,065 9.4%
Top 3 automakers 2010 by global volume, based on OICA data. Market share
based on OICA 2010 global total of 77,743,862
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Brand of GM
Brand Year Markets
Buick 1903 North America, China,
Taiwan, Israel
Cadillac 1902 North America, Europe,
Asia, Middle East, Africa
GMC 1901 North America, Middle
East
Chevrolet 1911 Global
Vauxhall 1925 United Kingdom
Opel 1929 Global, except North
America, United Kingdom
Holden 1948 Australia, New Zealand
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TOYOTA
Toyota Motor Corporation, abbreviatedas TMC, is a multinational automaker
headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan.In 2010, Toyota employed 317,734people worldwide, and was the world's
largest automobile manufacturer byproduction.
Fil F t f TOYOTA
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File Facts of TOYOTA
Toyota Motor Corporation
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki-gaisha
トヨタ自動車株式会社
Type Public company
Industry
Automotive
Robotics
Financial services
Founded August 28, 1937 Founder(s) Kiichiro Toyoda
Headquarters Toyota, Aichi, Japan
Area served Worldwide
Key people Fujio Cho (Chairman)
Akio Toyoda (President )
Products Automobiles
Financial Services
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Production output 7,308,039 units (FY2011)
Revenue
¥18.99 trillion (FY2011) (US$235.89
billion)
Employees 317,734 (2010)
Parent Toyota Group
Divisions Lexus
Scion
Subsidiaries
522 (Toyota Group)
Hino Motors, Ltd.
Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd.
Toyota Financial Services
DENSO
Toyota Industries
Fuji Heavy Industries (16.5%)
Website www.toyota.com
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TOYOTA’s world rank
In 2010, the Toyota ranked first in units produced globally, with 8.6million units. (Market share based on OICA 2010 global total of 77,743,862). For the first half of 2011, Toyota had fallen to thirdplace, with GM first and Volkswagen second. The OICA list is usuallypublished in late July or early August of the following year.
Top 3 Automakers Global, OICA, 2010
Group Units % Share
Toyota 8,557,351 11.0
GM 8,476,192 10.9
Volkswagen 7,341,065 9.4
W ld id P
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Worldwide Presence
Geographic region Total sales ( Yen in
millions)
Japan 8,152,884
North America 8,771,495
Europe 3,346,013
Asia 1,969,957
Others 1,707,742
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SAARC: What it is?
The South Asian Association for RegionalCooperation (SAARC) is an organisation of SouthAsian nations, founded in December 1985 by Ziaur
Rahman and dedicated to economic, technological,social, and cultural development emphasisingcollective self -reliance. Its seven founding membersare Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal,
Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Afghanistan joined theorganization in 2005.
Obj ti f SAARC
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Objectives of SAARC
to promote the welfare of the people of South Asia and to improve their quality
of life;to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the
region and to provide all individuals the opportunity to live in dignity and to
realize their full potential;
to promote and strengthen selective self-reliance among the countries of South
Asia;to contribute to mutual trust, understanding and appreciation of one another's
problems;
to promote active collaboration and mutual assistance in the economic, social,
cultural, technical and scientific fields;
to strengthen cooperation with other developing countries;
to strengthen cooperation among themselves in international forums on matters
of common interest; and
to cooperate with international and regional organisations with similar aims and
purposes.
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Member States of SAARC
Current members (alphabetically)
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Others
South Africa has participated in meetings.
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Secretary Generals of SAARC
Name Date of holding office
Abul Ahsan January 16, 1987 to 15 October 1989
Kishore Kant Bhargava October 17, 1989 to December 31, 1991
Ibrahim Hussain Zaki January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1993
Yadav Kant Silwal January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1995
Naeem U. Hasan January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998
Nihal Rodrigo January 1, 1999 to January 10, 2002
Q.A.M.A. Rahim January 11, 2002 to February 28, 2005
Lyonpo Chenkyab Dorji March 1, 2005 to February 29, 2008
Sheel Kant Sharma March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2011
Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed March 1, 2011 to January 22,2012
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NAFTA
The North American Free Trade Agreement orNAFTA is an agreement signed by the governmentsof Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating atrilateral trade bloc in North America. The agreement
came into force on January 1, 1994. It superseded the Canada – United States Free Trade Agreement between the U.S. and Canada. In terms of combinedGDP of its members, as of 2010 the trade bloc is the
largest in the world.
Fil F f NAFTA
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File Facts of NAFTA Administrative center Mexico City, Ottawa, and Washington, D.C.
Membership Canada
Mexico United States
Establishment
Formation January 1, 1994
Area
Total 21,783,850 km2 (1st )
8,410,792 sq miWater (%) 7.4
Population
2010 estimate 457,284,932 (3rd)
Density 25.1/km2 (195th)
54.3/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2010 (IMF) estimate
Total $17,617.989 billion (1st )
Per capita $38,527 (14th)
GDP (nominal) 2010 (IMF) estimate
Total $17,271.000 billion (1st )
Per capita $37,769 (21st )
E U i
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European Union
Founded: 1st November, 1993
European Union (EU), previously known as European Community
(EC), was an effort of Maastricht Contract which had been held on
February, 1992.
Official Language of EU: 23 languages
Member Countries: 27
Namely , Belgium, Netherlands, Luxemburg, France, Germany, Italy,
Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Greece, Spain, Sweden, Finland,
Austria, Britain, Estonia, Check Republic, Cyprus, Slovenia, Malta,Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Rumania.
Headquarter: Brussels, Belgium
ASEAN
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ASEANFull Name: Association of South East Asian Nations
Founded: 8th August, 1967
Headquarter: Jakarta, Indonesia
Member: 10 countries
Namely, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia,Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Cambodia.
ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) is a regional cooperation branch of
the ASEAN. It was established on 25th July, 1994. Number of member countries is 27. Bangladesh is the 26th member country of ARF. The 27th member country of ARF is Sri Lanka (1 August, 2007).
Present Secretary General: Dr. Surin Pitsuan, Thailand (1st January,
2008 to present)
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Thanks for being
with us.