associate professor gürol baba social sciences university ...¼rol-baba.pdf · associate professor...

Associate Professor Gürol Baba Social Sciences University of Ankara SESRIC GMD Research Team

Aspects researched

• The situation of Muslim communities in the diaspora countries – profiles (religious, cultural, professional, educational) difficulties/challenges, opportunities, discrimination

• Host countries’ perceptions and attitudes – social relations, negative attitudes, effectiveness of integration and migration attitudes

• Muslim diaspora’s relations with home country– visits, cultural differentiation, feeling of exclusion, level of interest issues at home

Research Activities

• Two major parts: primaries & secondaries

Primaries: London, Paris, Berlin

Secondaries: Europe, America, Asia, Pacific

• Interactive Muslim Diaspora Map

Primaries

• Detailed fieldwork

interviews with selected key individuals

workshops with representatives of Muslim NGOs

a survey with 150 Muslim individuals in each of the three countries

• Country Reports of the UK, France, Germany

Primaries

• Country Reports of the UK, France, Germany The size, both absolute and relative to the host country

population, of the Muslim community in the country;

Diversity of the Muslim community reflecting a plurality of ethnic, cultural, religious backgrounds

Significant differences in the migration histories of the selected countries, particularly in relation to the migration of Muslim communities (e.g. colonial migration, labour migration, asylum-seeking, etc.)

Secondaries • Muslim Diaspora Factsheets

Demographic features -population, age-gender, marriage, ethnic-national

demography

Education profile -educational conditions, educational rights, access to education

Socio-economic structure and mobility -professional positions, level of revenues, business sectors, employability

Political participation -voting patterns, association membership, citizenship, civil society


Legal procedures -means of education, marriage procedures

Religious organizations and associations -religion-oriented structures, centers,

courses, organizations

National and cross-national relations -with host society and other minorities, politico-cultural and economic relations with the country of origin

Visibility in the Media and public opinion discussions -media reports/news/projects on the Muslim community


GlobalMigrationandIntegrationDatabase:MuslimcommunitieslocatedinWestcountries-CHINA

TheCountryContext

1.HistoricalContext

1.1Brief

HistoricalBackgroundofImmigrationintotheCountry

*Whenhas(different

wavesof)immigrationstarted?*Whichmajorgroupsarrivedthroughwhichchannels(e.g.Coloniallinks,guest-worker

schemes,labourmigration,asylum-seeking,familyreunion,etc.)?*Achronologicalpanaromaofimportantdates.

1.2BriefHistoricalBackgroundof

ImmigrationofMuslimsintotheCountry

*TheabovequestionsinrelationtoMuslimcommunities.

1.3Non-Muslim

MigrantCommunitiesandtheSocialStructure

*Whichmajornon-

Muslimmigrantcommunitiesarethereinthecountry?*Abriefdescriptionofhoweachmajormigrantcommunityisplaced

withinthesocialstructure


1.4AnyImportantCountry-Specific

Peculiarities(Originand/orDestination)

*Arethereanysignificantfactor/issuethatneedstobementionedinrelation

tothespecificcountryortheorigincountryofaspecificMuslimcommunityinthatcountry

2.Legal/

Political/SocialContext

2.1TheInstitutionalStructureofMigration/DiversityManagement

*Istherea"migrationministry",a"departmentofmulticulturalism",etc.*Whichinstitutions(ministries,localcouncils,bureaucraticdepartments,

etc.)areauthorisedinmigrationmanagement?Whichinstitutionsareauthorisedtomanagediversity(i.e.regardingminoritiesandmigrant

communities)

2.2TheLegalContextof

Migration/DiversityManagement

*Whatarethelawsandregulationsthatgovern

migration?*Arethereanylawsregarding/regulatingminorities?*Whatarethemajorpolicies?*Achronologymajorpoliciesandlegislationinthisfield


2.3TheLegal/PoliticalContextRegarding

MuslimCommunities

*Arethereanypeculiarinstitutions/lawsthatarerelatedtooraddress

Muslimcommunitiesespeciallyorexclusively?

2.4

Integration/CohesionPolicies

*Whatisthe

understandingofintegrationofimmigrants?*Whatisthemajorpolicyframeworktowardsintegration?*Anyspecifictools,

programmesorpoliciestowardsintegrationofMuslimcommunities?

2.5EducationPolicies

*ThecontextoftheeducationofMuslimcommunities(schoolsystem,rights,problems)*Educationpoliciesregarding/addressing

Muslimcommunities

2.6Discrimination

*Anyofficialstatistics/Researchfindings

concerningdiscrimimationagainstMuslimcommunities


2.7CitizenshipPolicies

*Isdual/multiplenationalityallowedinthecountry?*Relevantlegislationthatregulatescitizenshippolicies.*Historicalbackground,transformation,

chronologyofmajorchangeswiththisregard.*Statisticsonnaturalizationanddual/multiplecitizenshiprates.

2.8SignificantInstitutionsofMuslimCommunities

*Whatarethemostsignificantinstitutionsfoundedand/orattendedbyMuslimcommunities?

*Alistofsuchinstitutionsincluding,ifavailable,membershipnumbers,fieldsofactivity,linkstowebsites.

*Mainfundindsourcesandmethods*Transnationallinksandactivities(particularlywithhomecountrybutalsowithothercommunities

andinstitutionsaccrosstheglobe)*Relationswiththestate,publicinstitutions,


counterpartinstitutions,andothercommunities*Whatmakesit

significant/important/beneficialfortheMuslimcommunity

2.8.aNGOS-FoundationsandAssociationsof

MuslimCommunities

2.8.bMediaOutlets

2.8.cPoliticalPartiess

2.8.dEducational

Institutions/Schools

2.8.eResearchCenters/Think-

Tanks/AcademicInstitutions

2.8.fCultural

Centers/


RecreationalCenters

2.8.gCompanies/Economic

Enterprises

2.9SignificantMigratedPersons

*IndividualsfromMuslimcommunitieswhoaremakingasignificant

contributioninsocial,political,economicorartisticlifeinthehostsociety.*Alistofsuchpeopleincluding,ifavailable,

detailsaboutethnic,demographic,socio-economiccharacteristicsofeachindividualaswellasabriefpersonalhistoricaltrajectory(born

inthecountryormigrated?;education;professionalcareersteps,etc.)

2.9.aPoliticians/PoliticalFigures(includingwell-knownactivists)

2.9.bWriters(Literarywritersandjournalists)

2.9.cArtists


(Painters,

sculptors,actors,etc.)

2.9.dIntellectuals,

Academicians,

Scientists

2.9.eReligiousFigures/Clerics

2.9.fSportspeople

(Athletes,footballers,

coaches/trainers)

2.9.gBusinesspeople


Profileofthe

Migrated

CommunityinEachCountry

3.ProfileoftheMuslim

CommunityinEachCountry

3.1DemographicProfile

*Whatarethemaindemographiccharacteristicsofthe

Muslimcommunitiesinthecountryregardingthesub-variables?*Wheneverpossible,afullbreakdownofthe

Muslimcommunitywithrespecttodifferentethnicgroupsandorigincountrieswillbeprovided(e.g.agedistributionoftheMuslimcommunity>

agedistributionsineachethnicgroupwithinthetotalpopulation(Arabs,Turks,Persians,Kurds,Pakistanis,etc.)>agedistributionsineach

countryoforigingroup(SA,Iraq,Turkey,Indonesia,etc.)*Cross-tabiluationsofdifferentvariableswillbecompileswhenever

possible(age-sex;age-socio-economicstatus;sex-educationalattainment\etc.)*Mostrecentofficialstatisticsandnational

censusinfowillbeused

·


wheneveravailable.*Incaseofficialstatisticsareunavailable,research

reportsandacademicliteraturewillbeutilized.*Ifnowrittensourceisavailable,countryexpertswillbecontactedand

best-estimateswillbegatheredtoreachthemostaccuratefigures.

3.1.aSizeofTotalMuslim

Populationinthecountry

3.1.bAge

Distribution

*Theproportinate

numbersofpersonsinsuccessiveagecategories


(i.e.0-17;18-45;46-65;66+)

3.1.cSexDistribution

3.1.dInter-MarriageRates

3.1.eSizesofEthnicGroupswithinMuslim

Community(Arabic,Turkish,

Kurdish,Pakistani,etc.)

3.1.fSizesof

CommunitiesfromDifferent

OriginCountrieswithinthe

MuslimCommunity

(Turker,UAE,Iraq,India,etc.)

3.1.gDistribution

accordingtoGeneration

(originalmigrants[firstgeneration],2ndgeneration,3rdgeneration,

soon)


3.1.hNumbersofCitizenship

*TherespectivenumbersofMuslimswith(i)onlycountryoforigin(or3rd

country)citizenship;(ii)onlyhostcountrycitizenship;(iii)dual/multiplecitizenship

3.2EducationProfile

3.2.aEducationalAttainment

*DistributionofMuslimcommunityaccordingtoeducationalattainment(highestlevelofgraduation:i.e.primary,secondary,university,

post-graduatedegrees.

3.2.bAccesstoEducation

*Therateofaccesstoeducation(i.e.what

percantageofschool-agedpopulationenrollsinformaleducation)

3.3Socio-

EconomicStatusandSocialMobility

3.3.aDistributionaccordingto

WorkingStatus

*Distributionaccordingtoworkingstatusincategoriesofworkingfull-time,workingpart-time,self-employed,notworking,onpublic

welfare,retired,etc.)

3.3.bJob


Distribution(Public/Private/

Self-Employed)

3.3.cDistributionaccordingto

EconomicSectors

(Industry/Education/Services/

InformationTechnologies,etc)

3.3.dDistributionaccordingto

IncomeLevels

3.3.eUnemployment

Rates

3.4PoliticalParticipation

3.4.aLevelofVoting(Turn-out

Rate)intheLocal,National,EU-level

Elections

3.4.bLevelofVoting(Turn-outRate)inTrans-

NationalElections(i.e.electionsin

thecountryoforigin)


3.4.cLevelofCivicEngagement

*ProportionofpeoplewhoaremembersofNGOs*Proportionofpeoplewhoaremembersofpoliticalparties

3.5PoliticalRepresentation/Visibility

3.5.aNumberofCurrentMPs

3.5.bNumberofElectedLocal

Politicans(i.e.membersof

city/municipalcouncils,etc)

3.5.cPositioninPoliticalStructure

3.6ReligiousOrganisationsandInstitutions

3.6.aReligious

Centers/PlacesofWorship

3.6.bReligious

Courses

3.6.cReligiousNGOsandCharities

3.7National,TransnationalandIntercultural


Relations

3.7.aRelationswiththehost

society

3.7.bInter-communal

relationsamongstMuslim

communities

·

3.7.cRelations

withnon-Muslimminority

communities

3.7.dRelationswiththecountry

oforigin

Monitoringofthe

CountryinRelationtoRightsandRepresentati

onofMigrated

Communities

4.Monitoring

oftheRightsand

FreedomsofMuslim

Communities

4.1PoliticalRightsand

Freedoms

4.1.aEvaluationofPoliticalRightsandFreedomsof

theMuslimCommunityinthe

Country

4.1.bViolations


ofPoliticalRights

andFreedoms

4.2ReligiousandCulturalRightsandFreedoms

4.2.aEvaluationofReligiousandCulturalRights

andFreedomsof

theMuslimCommunityinthe

Country

4.2.bViolations

ofReligiousandCulturalRightsandFreedoms

4.3EducationalRightsandFreedoms

4.3.aEvaluationofEducational

RightsandFreedoms

4.3.bViolationsofEducational

RightsandFreedoms

4.4CivilRightsandFreedoms(i.e.freedomofassociation;membership;

etc.)


4.4.aEvaluationofCivilRightsand

Freedoms

4.4.bViolationsCivilRightsand

Freedoms

5.MonitoringofVisibility

andRepresentati

onofMuslim

Communities

5.1VisibilityinWrittenMedia

*Numberofnewsarticlesinmajornewspapers,etc.

5.2VisibilityinPublicDiscussions

*Numberofreports,municipalprogrammes,etc.

5.3VisibilityinNationalAcademia

*Numberofacademicpublications,theses,etc.

Bibliography

Secondaries • Muslim Diaspora Factsheets - Tiering

The factsheets have been prepared for 48 countries GROUPING UNDER TIERS OF 4 1st Tier: G8 countries, 2nd Tier: G20 and non-G8/major EU countries 3rd Tier: remaining EU Countries 4th Tier: most non-Muslim Countries with fairly accessible data

Secondaries • Muslim Diaspora Factsheets –Tiering

Secondaries • Muslim Diaspora Factsheets - Tiering

The factsheets have been prepared for 48 countries GROUPING UNDER TIERS OF 4 1st Tier: G8 countries, 2nd Tier: G20 and non-G8/major EU countries 3rd Tier: remaining EU Countries 4th Tier: most non-Muslim Countries with fairly accessible data

Glancing over the findings…


Historical Background of Muslim Migration to Predominantly Non-Muslim Countries

Great diversity

The development level of the country, which directly affects the living standards of the migrated Muslims

The start date/era of Muslim migration The “hospitality” of the host country, i.e. the official trends on

multiculturalism, which hindered or encouraged the Muslim migration


Legal and Political Context

Diversity persists The level of multiculturalism

A culturist statement, or An official statement, or A constitutional placement, or A centerpiece of migration policies, or None

Institutional Framework


Socio-economic Context

What creates attraction The level of development Well-functioning economic and social structures

Secondary data lacking precision on the sectors or annual salaries of Muslim migrants

Muslim unemployment is higher in second and third tier more than the first Socio-economic organizations

First and Second tier - ‘umbrella’ organizations of several types Councils, Associations and Foundations

Third and Fourth tier – etablis status determines representation and integration level

GMD INTERACTIVE GMD FINDINGS VISUALIZED

GMD’S INTERACTIVE PLATFORM

• An interactive platform has been built to provide a summarized information of the main findings of the Global Muslim Diaspora (GMD) project .

• The platform consists of an interactive map (geochart) and a page for each country.

• Each country page , or profile, consist of sections on demographics, statistics on Muslim communities, socio-economical status, education, and major figures and institutions serving the Muslim Diasporic community.

• Each section is accompanied by a summarizing graph – whenever applicable.

• The map was designed and developed by the IT team of SESRIC.

• The platform is currently in the beta version to be completed after the data collection and validation.

Sample Visualization Elements

FEATURES

RESPONSIVE

Built mobile-first to work on all devices.

LATEST WEB TECHNOLOGIES

Utilized latest technologies and visualization libraries

SAMPLES

RICH VISUALIZATIONS

It is all about data visualization

Sample Back-End Dashboard

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


1. Main demographics of the host country:

To demonstrate the total population and total Muslim

population (figures as indicated in the most recent

studies). Also to include, whenever possible, data on

other main immigrant communities. Visualized as pie

chart.

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


2. History of Muslim Immigration into the given

country: To clearly demonstrate the main waves

and years of Muslim immigration into the host

country. To also include, whenever possible and

necessary, the main means and reasons for

immigration, viz., colonial links, bilateral

agreements, and the like. Visualized as area chart

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


MainmeansandreasonsforMuslimimmigrationtobedemonstratedinrelevantuniversalimagesandexplainedinalegend.

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


3.SizesofEthnicGroupswithinMuslimCommunity(Arabic,Turkish,Kurdish,Pakistani,etc.)orthesizesofMuslimgroupsinaccordancewiththeircountriesoforigin.VisualisedasFunneltemple

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


4.LegalandPoliticalContext:Institutionsandstatedepartments,ifthereareany;majoreventsandturningpoints(agreements,regulations,legislations,andthelike)intherecognition,naturalisations,integrationandinstitutionalisationofMuslimsandotherimmigrantgroups.VisualisedasTimelineandMilestoneChart

RICH VISUALIZATIONS


5.Institutionalandorganisationalcontext:ListingsignificantMusliminstitutions,organisations,mediaoutlets,andthelike.Theinteractivechartshoulddirecttheusertothewebpageofthegiveninstitution/organisationwhenthepointerispositionedonitsname.DisplayedasSunburstchartorWordclustertableau.

THANK YOU

SESRIC GMD Research Team Social Sciences University of Ankara

associate professor gürol baba social sciences university ...¼rol-baba.pdf · associate professor...

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