associated bodywork & massage professionals cardiovascular system anatomy and physiology flash...

Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Cardiovascular System

Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards


Directions

• The first slide asks a question.

• The second slide answers the question.

• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.


Question

What is the location of the heart?


Answer

In the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity between the lungs.


Question

What is the position of the heart?


Answer

The heart lies left of the midline; 2/3 on the left,1/3 on the right


Question

Describe the size of the heart.


Answer

It weighs approximately one pound and is about the size of a closed fist.


Question

What is the lower blunt point of the heart called?


Answer

Apex


Question

The heart is contained in a two-layer sac. Please name and describe each layer.


Answer

1.Pericardium—the inside layer is called visceral pericardium (aka epicardium) and covers the heart like an apple skin.

2.The outside layer is the parietal pericardium and is a loose fitting sac.

3.There is a thin layer of pericardial fluid in between the two, allowing free movement.


Question

Name the four (4) valves in the heart that prevent the backflow of blood.


Answer

Two AV or atrioventricular valves located between the atria and the ventricles. The right is called the tricuspid valve; the left is called the bicuspid or mitral valve.

Two SL or semilunar valves located between the two ventricular chambers and the large arteries that carry the blood away from the heart. The right is the pulmonary semilunar valve; the left is the aortic semilunar valve.


Question

The two upper chambers of the heart are called ______.


Answer

Atria


Question

What is the heart’s average beats per minute?


Answer

72 beats per minute


Question

There are two distinct sounds in every heart beat—lub-dup. What is happening during the first sound, lub?


Answer

Closing of the AV valves during contraction of the ventricles.


Question

When measuring blood pressure, we hear sounds for diastole and systole. Please indicate which is the top number and which is the bottom number.


Answer

Systole is the top number.

Diastole is the bottom number.


Question

The second sound heard, the dup, is when the SL valves close and the ventricles are in ______.


Answer

Diastole


Question

In systemic circulation, describe the route of the blood to the body from the left ventricle of the heart.


Answer

LV > AORTA > ARTERIES >ARTERIOLES >CAPILLARIES > VENULES > VEINS > S & I VENA CAVA >RA


Question

In what direction do veins and arteries carry blood?


Answer

Veins toward the heart.

Arteries away from the heart.


Question

How many layers does a capillary have?


Answer

One


Question

Name the three layers of the artery and vein from innermost to outermost.


Answer

1. Tunica intima

2. Tunica media

3. Tunica aventitia


Question

Which layer is the capillary?


Answer

Tunica intima


Question

What happens during pulmonary circulation?


Answer

Gas Exchange. Discharging CO2 and receiving O2.


Question

What is the instrument used to read blood pressure?


Answer

Sphygmomanometer


Question

Blood pressure is read on what artery?


Answer

Brachial


Question

List the nine major pulse points.


Answer

1. Temporal2. Facial3. Carotid4. Axillary5. Brachial6. Radial7. Femoral8. Popliteal9. Dorsalis pedis


Question

What is tachycardia?


Answer

Faster than normal heart rate.


Question

What is stroke volume?


Answer

The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles during each beat.


What is the cardiac cycle?

Question


Answer

Bone forming cells found on the periosteum.


Question

Define osteoclasts.


Answer

A group of cells that reabsorb bone.


Question

What are intercalated discs?


Answer

The electrical connectors between cardiac muscle cells.


Question

What is the pacemaker of the heart?


Answer

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

associated bodywork & massage professionals cardiovascular system anatomy and physiology flash...

Documents

answerthe heart

heart beatlub

answerapex questionthe

normal heart rate

semilunar valves

backflow of blood

layer sac

answerthe volume of