Dr. W. Pezzaglia Astronomy (Physics 3), Spring 2012 Page 1 Santa Clara Univ Lec #1, Introduction to Telescopes 2012Apr03

Astronomy: The UNIVERSE [Physics 3] WHERE: Daly Sci 201 When: Tu/Th 1:45 pm-3:30 pm WHO: "Dr. Bill" Pezzaglia (Pez-al-ya) http://www.clifford.org/~drbill EMAIL: wpezzaglia@scu.edu Phone/Messages: 650-430-0342 (cell) Office: x2197 Daly 202D, Hours: usually after class _________________________________________________________________ TEXTS:

Freedman & Kaufmann, Universe ( 9th ed) Make sure has WebAssign and CD !

Chandler, The Night Sky (Sky Publ.) [this is a STARWHEEL]

Pezzaglia, SCU AstroLab Manual (required for this week’s lab!)

----------------------------------------------------------------- LAB: Everyone MUST take the lab course, a total of 5 meetings. We’ll put you into lab sections today. You must pass the lab in order to pass the course (i.e. miss one lab, ok, miss two labs I drop you by one full grade, miss three labs, drop you by two full grades or more, etc.). Normally the lab influences your overall grade by no more than half a grade (e.g. could raise you from B+ to A-). Lab meeting time is 8-11 pm Thursdays in Daly 303.

GRADES: Rather than a midterm, we will have Quizzes every second week, with the lowest quiz score dropped. Grade Weighting is approximately: Quizzes (35%). Comprehensive Final (35%), Homework-Activities (15%), and Lab (15%). A "typical" grade distribution would be: A (25%), B(35%), C(35%), D/F (5%), however this varies pending class performance.

EXAMS: You may not make up exams or final except by college accepted reasons (death in family, documented illness). Note the Santa Clara Bulletin states: “Students are required to attend all classes”. There will be some example questions handed out before each exam, and a review scheduled before the final.

Resources: Handouts and presentations posted on Eres (password: patlukepat): http://eres.scu.edu/eres/coursepage.aspx?cid=1546&page=docs More robust info at my website: http://www.clifford.org/drbill/scu/

Homework: asap setup your account at http://webassign.net/login.html using course key: scu 2340 3337 . You don’t need to pay for the first week. Payment is done using the keycode in your textbook (or if you got your book elsewhere, pay directly online).

Possible extra-credit activities: available for all important “extra credit” (some extra-credit activities can be applied to your lab grade with pre-approval from lab instructor). We may also have some very late evening (early morning) observation for the planets.

Lick Observatory Field Trip (limited to 40 people max, 20 minimum, $15 fee, TBA) Special Observations (Solar Lab Activity, Late Night Obsv.) TBA Chabot Observatory (Planetarium + observation) Public Viewing (Mt Tamalpias, or SF sidewalk astronomers, etc) Lectures (e.g. Mt. Tamalpias, San Francisco Astronomical Society,etc.) Planetarium visits (Chabot, San Francisco, Rosecrucian, etc). Exploratorium visit (emphasis on optical demonstrations) at San Francisco.

PHILOSOPHY: The Lectures, Text and activities problems are intended to supplement and complement each other. They do not necessarily cover the same ground (e.g. lectures will not "parrot" the text but rather provide a different perspective). The course is an overview of the entire structure of the universe, and of the history of mankind's development of scientific thought. Try not to get so lost in details that you lose the "big picture". Pay attention to note the "outline" format of my lectures for perspective.

9th ed

Dr. W. Pezzaglia Astronomy (Physics 3), Spring 2012 Page 2 Santa Clara Univ Lec #1, Introduction to Telescopes 2012Apr03

TENTATIVE LECTURE SCHEDULE for Physics 3, Spring 2012

Week Meeting Day Date Topic Reading* Assign

1 1 Tue 03-Apr Geometric Optics, Telescopes Chap 6

2 Thu 05-Apr Magnitudes, LGP, Star Maps Chap 1 H1 due

2 3 Tue 10-Apr Ecliptic and Zodiac Constellations H2 due

4 Thu 12-Apr Annual Motion of Sun, Calendars Chap 2 H3 due

3 5 Tue 17-Apr Analemma, Sun rising points, Stonehenge H4 due

6 Thu 19-Apr Time, Diurnal Motion and Starwheel Quiz 1

4 7 Tue 24-Apr Lunar Motion, the Month, Lunar Calendars Chap 3 H6 due

8 Thu 26-Apr Eclipses, the Saros, and Stonehenge H7 due

5 9 Tue 01-May Planetary Motion, Geocentric Models Chap 4 H8 due

10 Thu 03-May Heliocentric Models, Kepler, Galileo, Newton Quiz 2

6 11 Tue 08-May Spectra, Properties of Light Chap 5 H10 due

12 Thu 10-May The Sun, Nuclear Physics Chap 16 H11 due

7 13 Tue 15-May Properties of Stars, HR diagrams Chap 17 H12 due

14 Thu 17-May Stellar Birth, Emission and Reflection Nebulae Chap 18 Quiz 3

8 15 Tue 22-May Stellar Evolutions, Clusters, Giants, Variables Chap 19 H14 due

16 Thu 24-May Stellar Death, Planetary Neb & Supernova Chap 20 H15 due

9 17 Tue 29-May White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, Black Holes Chap 21-22 H16 due

18 Thu 31-May The Milky Way, Galaxies Chap 23-24 Quiz 4

10 19 Tue 05-Jun Quasars, The Universe, Hubble's Law Chap 25-26 H18 due

20 Thu 07-Jun Cosmology, Cosmogony Chap 27 H19 due

Thur 14-Jun Final Exam (9:10am-12:10 pm) Final *Chapters correspond to 9th edition, the 8th or 7th edition chapters agree from 1-6, but after they may be 2 off. For the historical part of the course, there will be material handed out to supplement the book. Some reading will be assigned from the Lab Manual. Note the “planets” (Chapters 7-15) are not covered in this course; they are the subject of Physics 2 (Solar System), taught in spring and summer 2012.

Phenomena: Venus is high in sky right now (GEE March 27), with transit in front of sun June 5. Mars visible all quarter, Saturn will appear later in quarter. Jupiter is setting early, and soon will be gone. Meteor Showers: May 5 (Eta Aquarids), April 22 (Lyrids). Annular Solar Eclipse Sunday May 20, 6:23 pm PDT in northern California (e.g. Redding) http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEgoogle/SEgoogle2001/SE2012May20Agoogle.html

LAB SCHEDULE: Meet in Daly 303 at 8:00 pm sharp (note time!!) Instructor is Pat Maloney. Bring a coat, hat, gloves, clipboard, lab manual, star wheel and charts, RED flashlight Note: Lab time may vary during quarter to accommodate phenomena. Meeting Dates Spring2012: We are going to put all of you in sections “Ganymede & Callisto”

Io: Tuesdays 4/03, 4/17, 5/01, 5/15, 5/29 (Phys 2) Europa: Thursdays 4/05, 4/19, 5/03, 5/17, 5/31 (Phys 2) Ganymede: Tuesdays 4/10, 4/24, 5/08, 5/22, 6/05 Phys 3 Callisto: Thursdays 4/12, 4/26, 5/10, 5/24, 6/07 Phys 3

Student Conduct: If you show up at lab with Alcohol on the breath, at the instructor’s discretion you will be sent home (possibly sent directly to the president of the university) and given a zero for that activity. Plagiarism on lab reports (or homework) will result in zero plus a visit to the Dean for probation evaluation.

Dr. W. Pezzaglia Astronomy (Physics 3), Spring 2012 Page 3 Santa Clara Univ Lec #1, Introduction to Telescopes 2012Apr03

Sample Quiz Questions On CONSTELLATIONS and STAR MAPS [Quiz 1] 1. What is the faintest magnitude the eye can see (under ideal circumstances? 2. Who first came up with 60 seconds to the minute and 60 minutes to the hour? 3. Which was not one of the first 4 constellations mapped by the ancients?

A. Taurus B. Scorpio C. Aquarius D. Leo E. Orion 4. Which constellation is NOT part of the “Orion Story”?

A. Canis Major B. Scorpio C. Sagittarius D. Lepus E. Ophiuchus F. All are 5. How many constellations are there? 6. The third brightest star in the constellation Orion would most likely be called?

A. Orion C B. 3-Orionis C. -Orionis D. ceti Orionis E. none of these 7. Who first came up with 360 degrees to the circle? 8. The name for celestial latitude on a star map is:

A. right ascension B. hour angle C. declination D. elongation E. none of these 9. One hour of right ascension is equivalent to how many degrees (at the equator)? 10. Which is the Right Ascension of the South Celestial Pole? 11. The star ARCTURUS (In Bootes) has what declination? Right Ascension? Magnitude? 12. The approximate magnitude of the star Megrez (Ursa Major)

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. none of these 13. Gamma Lyrae probably means the ______ constellation Lyra. A. third brightest star in B. third star from east end of C. fourth brightest star in D. third star named in E. none of these 14. Approximately how far apart in degrees are the stars Markab and Algenib (Pegasus)? A. 15 B. 13 C. 10 D. 1 E. none of these ================================================================== Slide List of Constellations May be on first quiz (those visible in Spring are BOLDFACE). ======================================================================== # Name Translation Star Other info ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Taurus The Bull Aldebaran Pleiades M45 2. Aquila The Eagle Altair (summer Triangle) 3. Scorpio the Scorpion Antares 4. Orion The hunter Betelgeuse Orion Nebula M42 5. Sagittarius The Archer Nunki Core of Galaxy, M22 6. Perseus The Hero Algol Double Cluster 7. Ursa Major Big Bear Alcor & Mizar (double) 8. Auriga Chariotteer Capella The Kids 9. Lyra The Harp Vega Ring Nebula M57 10. Cygnus The Swan Deneb 11. Andromeda Chained Maiden Alpheratz Galaxy M31 12. Pegasus Flying Horse Markab 13. Cassiopeia Queen Schedar 14. Ursa Minor Small Bear Polaris 15. Leo The Lion Regulus 16. Aquarius Water Bearer (Sadalmelik) Helix Nebula 17. Bootes Herdsman Arcturus 18. Virgo The Virgin Spica M104 Sombrero 19. Aries The Ram Hamal 20. Gemini The Twins Castor/Pullux Eskimo Nebula 21. Canis Major The Big Dog Sirius =====================================================================

Dr. W. Pezzaglia Astronomy (Physics 3), Spring 2012 Page 4 Santa Clara Univ Lec #1, Introduction to Telescopes 2012Apr03

Sample Star Map Question (a) Sketch in the constellations (b) Label constellations (c) Label the major stars

04h 05h

+1

0°

+20

°+

30

°+

40°

+50

°+6

0°

TheSky (c) Astronomy Software 1984-1998

3h 4h 5h 6h